kernel/sched.c

/*
 *  kernel/sched.c
 *
 *  Kernel scheduler and related syscalls
 *
 *  Copyright (C) 1991-2002  Linus Torvalds
 *
 *  1996-12-23  Modified by Dave Grothe to fix bugs in semaphores and
 *		make semaphores SMP safe
 *  1998-11-19	Implemented schedule_timeout() and related stuff
 *		by Andrea Arcangeli
 *  2002-01-04	New ultra-scalable O(1) scheduler by Ingo Molnar:
 *		hybrid priority-list and round-robin design with
 *		an array-switch method of distributing timeslices
 *		and per-CPU runqueues.  Cleanups and useful suggestions
 *		by Davide Libenzi, preemptible kernel bits by Robert Love.
 *  2003-09-03	Interactivity tuning by Con Kolivas.
 *  2004-04-02	Scheduler domains code by Nick Piggin
 */

#include <linux/mm.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/nmi.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <asm/uaccess.h>
#include <linux/highmem.h>
#include <linux/smp_lock.h>
#include <asm/mmu_context.h>
#include <linux/interrupt.h>
#include <linux/capability.h>
#include <linux/completion.h>
#include <linux/kernel_stat.h>
#include <linux/debug_locks.h>
#include <linux/security.h>
#include <linux/notifier.h>
#include <linux/profile.h>
#include <linux/freezer.h>
#include <linux/vmalloc.h>
#include <linux/blkdev.h>
#include <linux/delay.h>
#include <linux/smp.h>
#include <linux/threads.h>
#include <linux/timer.h>
#include <linux/rcupdate.h>
#include <linux/cpu.h>
#include <linux/cpuset.h>
#include <linux/percpu.h>
#include <linux/kthread.h>
#include <linux/seq_file.h>
#include <linux/syscalls.h>
#include <linux/times.h>
#include <linux/tsacct_kern.h>
#include <linux/kprobes.h>
#include <linux/delayacct.h>
#include <asm/tlb.h>

#include <asm/unistd.h>

/*
 * Scheduler clock - returns current time in nanosec units.
 * This is default implementation.
 * Architectures and sub-architectures can override this.
 */
unsigned long long __attribute__((weak)) sched_clock(void)
{
	return (unsigned long long)jiffies * (1000000000 / HZ);
}

/*
 * Convert user-nice values [ -20 ... 0 ... 19 ]
 * to static priority [ MAX_RT_PRIO..MAX_PRIO-1 ],
 * and back.
 */
#define NICE_TO_PRIO(nice)	(MAX_RT_PRIO + (nice) + 20)
#define PRIO_TO_NICE(prio)	((prio) - MAX_RT_PRIO - 20)
#define TASK_NICE(p)		PRIO_TO_NICE((p)->static_prio)

/*
 * 'User priority' is the nice value converted to something we
 * can work with better when scaling various scheduler parameters,
 * it's a [ 0 ... 39 ] range.
 */
#define USER_PRIO(p)		((p)-MAX_RT_PRIO)
#define TASK_USER_PRIO(p)	USER_PRIO((p)->static_prio)
#define MAX_USER_PRIO		(USER_PRIO(MAX_PRIO))

/*
 * Some helpers for converting nanosecond timing to jiffy resolution
 */
#define NS_TO_JIFFIES(TIME)	((TIME) / (1000000000 / HZ))
#define JIFFIES_TO_NS(TIME)	((TIME) * (1000000000 / HZ))

/*
 * These are the 'tuning knobs' of the scheduler:
 *
 * Minimum timeslice is 5 msecs (or 1 jiffy, whichever is larger),
 * default timeslice is 100 msecs, maximum timeslice is 800 msecs.
 * Timeslices get refilled after they expire.
 */
#define MIN_TIMESLICE		max(5 * HZ / 1000, 1)
#define DEF_TIMESLICE		(100 * HZ / 1000)
#define ON_RUNQUEUE_WEIGHT	 30
#define CHILD_PENALTY		 95
#define PARENT_PENALTY		100
#define EXIT_WEIGHT		  3
#define PRIO_BONUS_RATIO	 25
#define MAX_BONUS		(MAX_USER_PRIO * PRIO_BONUS_RATIO / 100)
#define INTERACTIVE_DELTA	  2
#define MAX_SLEEP_AVG		(DEF_TIMESLICE * MAX_BONUS)
#define STARVATION_LIMIT	(MAX_SLEEP_AVG)
#define NS_MAX_SLEEP_AVG	(JIFFIES_TO_NS(MAX_SLEEP_AVG))

/*
 * If a task is 'interactive' then we reinsert it in the active
 * array after it has expired its current timeslice. (it will not
 * continue to run immediately, it will still roundrobin with
 * other interactive tasks.)
 *
 * This part scales the interactivity limit depending on niceness.
 *
 * We scale it linearly, offset by the INTERACTIVE_DELTA delta.
 * Here are a few examples of different nice levels:
 *
 *  TASK_INTERACTIVE(-20): [1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,0]
 *  TASK_INTERACTIVE(-10): [1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,0]
 *  TASK_INTERACTIVE(  0): [1,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0]
 *  TASK_INTERACTIVE( 10): [1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0]
 *  TASK_INTERACTIVE( 19): [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0]
 *
 * (the X axis represents the possible -5 ... 0 ... +5 dynamic
 *  priority range a task can explore, a value of '1' means the
 *  task is rated interactive.)
 *
 * Ie. nice +19 tasks can never get 'interactive' enough to be
 * reinserted into the active array. And only heavily CPU-hog nice -20
 * tasks will be expired. Default nice 0 tasks are somewhere between,
 * it takes some effort for them to get interactive, but it's not
 * too hard.
 */

#define CURRENT_BONUS(p) \
	(NS_TO_JIFFIES((p)->sleep_avg) * MAX_BONUS / \
		MAX_SLEEP_AVG)

#define GRANULARITY	(10 * HZ / 1000 ? : 1)

#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
#define TIMESLICE_GRANULARITY(p)	(GRANULARITY * \
		(1 << (((MAX_BONUS - CURRENT_BONUS(p)) ? : 1) - 1)) * \
			num_online_cpus())
#else
#define TIMESLICE_GRANULARITY(p)	(GRANULARITY * \
		(1 << (((MAX_BONUS - CURRENT_BONUS(p)) ? : 1) - 1)))
#endif

#define SCALE(v1,v1_max,v2_max) \
	(v1) * (v2_max) / (v1_max)

#define DELTA(p) \
	(SCALE(TASK_NICE(p) + 20, 40, MAX_BONUS) - 20 * MAX_BONUS / 40 + \
		INTERACTIVE_DELTA)

#define TASK_INTERACTIVE(p) \
	((p)->prio <= (p)->static_prio - DELTA(p))

#define INTERACTIVE_SLEEP(p) \
	(JIFFIES_TO_NS(MAX_SLEEP_AVG * \
		(MAX_BONUS / 2 + DELTA((p)) + 1) / MAX_BONUS - 1))

#define TASK_PREEMPTS_CURR(p, rq) \
	((p)->prio < (rq)->curr->prio)

#define SCALE_PRIO(x, prio) \
	max(x * (MAX_PRIO - prio) / (MAX_USER_PRIO / 2), MIN_TIMESLICE)

static unsigned int static_prio_timeslice(int static_prio)
{
	if (static_prio < NICE_TO_PRIO(0))
		return SCALE_PRIO(DEF_TIMESLICE * 4, static_prio);
	else
		return SCALE_PRIO(DEF_TIMESLICE, static_prio);
}

/*
 * task_timeslice() scales user-nice values [ -20 ... 0 ... 19 ]
 * to time slice values: [800ms ... 100ms ... 5ms]
 *
 * The higher a thread's priority, the bigger timeslices
 * it gets during one round of execution. But even the lowest
 * priority thread gets MIN_TIMESLICE worth of execution time.
 */

static inline unsigned int task_timeslice(struct task_struct *p)
{
	return static_prio_timeslice(p->static_prio);
}

/*
 * These are the runqueue data structures:
 */

struct prio_array {
	unsigned int nr_active;
	DECLARE_BITMAP(bitmap, MAX_PRIO+1); /* include 1 bit for delimiter */
	struct list_head queue[MAX_PRIO];
};

/*
 * This is the main, per-CPU runqueue data structure.
 *
 * Locking rule: those places that want to lock multiple runqueues
 * (such as the load balancing or the thread migration code), lock
 * acquire operations must be ordered by ascending &runqueue.
 */
struct rq {
	spinlock_t lock;

	/*
	 * nr_running and cpu_load should be in the same cacheline because
	 * remote CPUs use both these fields when doing load calculation.
	 */
	unsigned long nr_running;
	unsigned long raw_weighted_load;
#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
	unsigned long cpu_load[3];
#endif
	unsigned long long nr_switches;

	/*
	 * This is part of a global counter where only the total sum
	 * over all CPUs matters. A task can increase this counter on
	 * one CPU and if it got migrated afterwards it may decrease
	 * it on another CPU. Always updated under the runqueue lock:
	 */
	unsigned long nr_uninterruptible;

	unsigned long expired_timestamp;
	/* Cached timestamp set by update_cpu_clock() */
	unsigned long long most_recent_timestamp;
	struct task_struct *curr, *idle;
	unsigned long next_balance;
	struct mm_struct *prev_mm;
	struct prio_array *active, *expired, arrays[2];
	int best_expired_prio;
	atomic_t nr_iowait;

#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
	struct sched_domain *sd;

	/* For active balancing */
	int active_balance;
	int push_cpu;
	int cpu;		/* cpu of this runqueue */

	struct task_struct *migration_thread;
	struct list_head migration_queue;
#endif

#ifdef CONFIG_SCHEDSTATS
	/* latency stats */
	struct sched_info rq_sched_info;

	/* sys_sched_yield() stats */
	unsigned long yld_exp_empty;
	unsigned long yld_act_empty;
	unsigned long yld_both_empty;
	unsigned long yld_cnt;

	/* schedule() stats */
	unsigned long sched_switch;
	unsigned long sched_cnt;
	unsigned long sched_goidle;

	/* try_to_wake_up() stats */
	unsigned long ttwu_cnt;
	unsigned long ttwu_local;
#endif
	struct lock_class_key rq_lock_key;
};

static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct rq, runqueues);

static inline int cpu_of(struct rq *rq)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
	return rq->cpu;
#else
	return 0;
#endif
}

/*
 * The domain tree (rq->sd) is protected by RCU's quiescent state transition.
 * See detach_destroy_domains: synchronize_sched for details.
 *
 * The domain tree of any CPU may only be accessed from within
 * preempt-disabled sections.
 */
#define for_each_domain(cpu, __sd) \
	for (__sd = rcu_dereference(cpu_rq(cpu)->sd); __sd; __sd = __sd->parent)

#define cpu_rq(cpu)		(&per_cpu(runqueues, (cpu)))
#define this_rq()		(&__get_cpu_var(runqueues))
#define task_rq(p)		cpu_rq(task_cpu(p))
#define cpu_curr(cpu)		(cpu_rq(cpu)->curr)

#ifndef prepare_arch_switch
# define prepare_arch_switch(next)	do { } while (0)
#endif
#ifndef finish_arch_switch
# define finish_arch_switch(prev)	do { } while (0)
#endif

#ifndef __ARCH_WANT_UNLOCKED_CTXSW
static inline int task_running(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p)
{
	return rq->curr == p;
}

static inline void prepare_lock_switch(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *next)
{
}

static inline void finish_lock_switch(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *prev)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_SPINLOCK
	/* this is a valid case when another task releases the spinlock */
	rq->lock.owner = current;
#endif
	/*
	 * If we are tracking spinlock dependencies then we have to
	 * fix up the runqueue lock - which gets 'carried over' from
	 * prev into current:
	 */
	spin_acquire(&rq->lock.dep_map, 0, 0, _THIS_IP_);

	spin_unlock_irq(&rq->lock);
}

#else /* __ARCH_WANT_UNLOCKED_CTXSW */
static inline int task_running(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
	return p->oncpu;
#else
	return rq->curr == p;
#endif
}

static inline void prepare_lock_switch(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *next)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
	/*
	 * We can optimise this out completely for !SMP, because the
	 * SMP rebalancing from interrupt is the only thing that cares
	 * here.
	 */
	next->oncpu = 1;
#endif
#ifdef __ARCH_WANT_INTERRUPTS_ON_CTXSW
	spin_unlock_irq(&rq->lock);
#else
	spin_unlock(&rq->lock);
#endif
}

static inline void finish_lock_switch(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *prev)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
	/*
	 * After ->oncpu is cleared, the task can be moved to a different CPU.
	 * We must ensure this doesn't happen until the switch is completely
	 * finished.
	 */
	smp_wmb();
	prev->oncpu = 0;
#endif
#ifndef __ARCH_WANT_INTERRUPTS_ON_CTXSW
	local_irq_enable();
#endif
}
#endif /* __ARCH_WANT_UNLOCKED_CTXSW */

/*
 * __task_rq_lock - lock the runqueue a given task resides on.
 * Must be called interrupts disabled.
 */
static inline struct rq *__task_rq_lock(struct task_struct *p)
	__acquires(rq->lock)
{
	struct rq *rq;

repeat_lock_task:
	rq = task_rq(p);
	spin_lock(&rq->lock);
	if (unlikely(rq != task_rq(p))) {
		spin_unlock(&rq->lock);
		goto repeat_lock_task;
	}
	return rq;
}

/*
 * task_rq_lock - lock the runqueue a given task resides on and disable
 * interrupts.  Note the ordering: we can safely lookup the task_rq without
 * explicitly disabling preemption.
 */
static struct rq *task_rq_lock(struct task_struct *p, unsigned long *flags)
	__acquires(rq->lock)
{
	struct rq *rq;

repeat_lock_task:
	local_irq_save(*flags);
	rq = task_rq(p);
	spin_lock(&rq->lock);
	if (unlikely(rq != task_rq(p))) {
		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rq->lock, *flags);
		goto repeat_lock_task;
	}
	return rq;
}

static inline void __task_rq_unlock(struct rq *rq)
	__releases(rq->lock)
{
	spin_unlock(&rq->lock);
}

static inline void task_rq_unlock(struct rq *rq, unsigned long *flags)
	__releases(rq->lock)
{
	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rq->lock, *flags);
}

#ifdef CONFIG_SCHEDSTATS
/*
 * bump this up when changing the output format or the meaning of an existing
 * format, so that tools can adapt (or abort)
 */
#define SCHEDSTAT_VERSION 14

static int show_schedstat(struct seq_file *seq, void *v)
{
	int cpu;

	seq_printf(seq, "version %d\n", SCHEDSTAT_VERSION);
	seq_printf(seq, "timestamp %lu\n", jiffies);
	for_each_online_cpu(cpu) {
		struct rq *rq = cpu_rq(cpu);
#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
		struct sched_domain *sd;
		int dcnt = 0;
#endif

		/* runqueue-specific stats */
		seq_printf(seq,
		    "cpu%d %lu %lu %lu %lu %lu %lu %lu %lu %lu %lu %lu %lu",
		    cpu, rq->yld_both_empty,
		    rq->yld_act_empty, rq->yld_exp_empty, rq->yld_cnt,
		    rq->sched_switch, rq->sched_cnt, rq->sched_goidle,
		    rq->ttwu_cnt, rq->ttwu_local,
		    rq->rq_sched_info.cpu_time,
		    rq->rq_sched_info.run_delay, rq->rq_sched_info.pcnt);

		seq_printf(seq, "\n");

#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
		/* domain-specific stats */
		preempt_disable();
		for_each_domain(cpu, sd) {
			enum idle_type itype;
			char mask_str[NR_CPUS];

			cpumask_scnprintf(mask_str, NR_CPUS, sd->span);
			seq_printf(seq, "domain%d %s", dcnt++, mask_str);
			for (itype = SCHED_IDLE; itype < MAX_IDLE_TYPES;
					itype++) {
				seq_printf(seq, " %lu %lu %lu %lu %lu %lu %lu "
						"%lu",
				    sd->lb_cnt[itype],
				    sd->lb_balanced[itype],
				    sd->lb_failed[itype],
				    sd->lb_imbalance[itype],
				    sd->lb_gained[itype],
				    sd->lb_hot_gained[itype],
				    sd->lb_nobusyq[itype],
				    sd->lb_nobusyg[itype]);
			}
			seq_printf(seq, " %lu %lu %lu %lu %lu %lu %lu %lu %lu"
			    " %lu %lu %lu\n",
			    sd->alb_cnt, sd->alb_failed, sd->alb_pushed,
			    sd->sbe_cnt, sd->sbe_balanced, sd->sbe_pushed,
			    sd->sbf_cnt, sd->sbf_balanced, sd->sbf_pushed,
			    sd->ttwu_wake_remote, sd->ttwu_move_affine,
			    sd->ttwu_move_balance);
		}
		preempt_enable();
#endif
	}
	return 0;
}

static int schedstat_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
	unsigned int size = PAGE_SIZE * (1 + num_online_cpus() / 32);
	char *buf = kmalloc(size, GFP_KERNEL);
	struct seq_file *m;
	int res;

	if (!buf)
		return -ENOMEM;
	res = single_open(file, show_schedstat, NULL);
	if (!res) {
		m = file->private_data;
		m->buf = buf;
		m->size = size;
	} else
		kfree(buf);
	return res;
}

const struct file_operations proc_schedstat_operations = {
	.open    = schedstat_open,
	.read    = seq_read,
	.llseek  = seq_lseek,
	.release = single_release,
};

/*
 * Expects runqueue lock to be held for atomicity of update
 */
static inline void
rq_sched_info_arrive(struct rq *rq, unsigned long delta_jiffies)
{
	if (rq) {
		rq->rq_sched_info.run_delay += delta_jiffies;
		rq->rq_sched_info.pcnt++;
	}
}

/*
 * Expects runqueue lock to be held for atomicity of update
 */
static inline void
rq_sched_info_depart(struct rq *rq, unsigned long delta_jiffies)
{
	if (rq)
		rq->rq_sched_info.cpu_time += delta_jiffies;
}
# define schedstat_inc(rq, field)	do { (rq)->field++; } while (0)
# define schedstat_add(rq, field, amt)	do { (rq)->field += (amt); } while (0)
#else /* !CONFIG_SCHEDSTATS */
static inline void
rq_sched_info_arrive(struct rq *rq, unsigned long delta_jiffies)
{}
static inline void
rq_sched_info_depart(struct rq *rq, unsigned long delta_jiffies)
{}
# define schedstat_inc(rq, field)	do { } while (0)
# define schedstat_add(rq, field, amt)	do { } while (0)
#endif

/*
 * this_rq_lock - lock this runqueue and disable interrupts.
 */
static inline struct rq *this_rq_lock(void)
	__acquires(rq->lock)
{
	struct rq *rq;

	local_irq_disable();
	rq = this_rq();
	spin_lock(&rq->lock);

	return rq;
}

#if defined(CONFIG_SCHEDSTATS) || defined(CONFIG_TASK_DELAY_ACCT)
/*
 * Called when a process is dequeued from the active array and given
 * the cpu.  We should note that with the exception of interactive
 * tasks, the expired queue will become the active queue after the active
 * queue is empty, without explicitly dequeuing and requeuing tasks in the
 * expired queue.  (Interactive tasks may be requeued directly to the
 * active queue, thus delaying tasks in the expired queue from running;
 * see scheduler_tick()).
 *
 * This function is only called from sched_info_arrive(), rather than
 * dequeue_task(). Even though a task may be queued and dequeued multiple
 * times as it is shuffled about, we're really interested in knowing how
 * long it was from the *first* time it was queued to the time that it
 * finally hit a cpu.
 */
static inline void sched_info_dequeued(struct task_struct *t)
{
	t->sched_info.last_queued = 0;
}

/*
 * Called when a task finally hits the cpu.  We can now calculate how
 * long it was waiting to run.  We also note when it began so that we
 * can keep stats on how long its timeslice is.
 */
static void sched_info_arrive(struct task_struct *t)
{
	unsigned long now = jiffies, delta_jiffies = 0;

	if (t->sched_info.last_queued)
		delta_jiffies = now - t->sched_info.last_queued;
	sched_info_dequeued(t);
	t->sched_info.run_delay += delta_jiffies;
	t->sched_info.last_arrival = now;
	t->sched_info.pcnt++;

	rq_sched_info_arrive(task_rq(t), delta_jiffies);
}

/*
 * Called when a process is queued into either the active or expired
 * array.  The time is noted and later used to determine how long we
 * had to wait for us to reach the cpu.  Since the expired queue will
 * become the active queue after active queue is empty, without dequeuing
 * and requeuing any tasks, we are interested in queuing to either. It
 * is unusual but not impossible for tasks to be dequeued and immediately
 * requeued in the same or another array: this can happen in sched_yield(),
 * set_user_nice(), and even load_balance() as it moves tasks from runqueue
 * to runqueue.
 *
 * This function is only called from enqueue_task(), but also only updates
 * the timestamp if it is already not set.  It's assumed that
 * sched_info_dequeued() will clear that stamp when appropriate.
 */
static inline void sched_info_queued(struct task_struct *t)
{
	if (unlikely(sched_info_on()))
		if (!t->sched_info.last_queued)
			t->sched_info.last_queued = jiffies;
}

/*
 * Called when a process ceases being the active-running process, either
 * voluntarily or involuntarily.  Now we can calculate how long we ran.
 */
static inline void sched_info_depart(struct task_struct *t)
{
	unsigned long delta_jiffies = jiffies - t->sched_info.last_arrival;

	t->sched_info.cpu_time += delta_jiffies;
	rq_sched_info_depart(task_rq(t), delta_jiffies);
}

/*
 * Called when tasks are switched involuntarily due, typically, to expiring
 * their time slice.  (This may also be called when switching to or from
 * the idle task.)  We are only called when prev != next.
 */
static inline void
__sched_info_switch(struct task_struct *prev, struct task_struct *next)
{
	struct rq *rq = task_rq(prev);

	/*
	 * prev now departs the cpu.  It's not interesting to record
	 * stats about how efficient we were at scheduling the idle
	 * process, however.
	 */
	if (prev != rq->idle)
		sched_info_depart(prev);

	if (next != rq->idle)
		sched_info_arrive(next);
}
static inline void
sched_info_switch(struct task_struct *prev, struct task_struct *next)
{
	if (unlikely(sched_info_on()))
		__sched_info_switch(prev, next);
}
#else
#define sched_info_queued(t)		do { } while (0)
#define sched_info_switch(t, next)	do { } while (0)
#endif /* CONFIG_SCHEDSTATS || CONFIG_TASK_DELAY_ACCT */

/*
 * Adding/removing a task to/from a priority array:
 */
static void dequeue_task(struct task_struct *p, struct prio_array *array)
{
	array->nr_active--;
	list_del(&p->run_list);
	if (list_empty(array->queue + p->prio))
		__clear_bit(p->prio, array->bitmap);
}

static void enqueue_task(struct task_struct *p, struct prio_array *array)
{
	sched_info_queued(p);
	list_add_tail(&p->run_list, array->queue + p->prio);
	__set_bit(p->prio, array->bitmap);
	array->nr_active++;
	p->array = array;
}

/*
 * Put task to the end of the run list without the overhead of dequeue
 * followed by enqueue.
 */
static void requeue_task(struct task_struct *p, struct prio_array *array)
{
	list_move_tail(&p->run_list, array->queue + p->prio);
}

static inline void
enqueue_task_head(struct task_struct *p, struct prio_array *array)
{
	list_add(&p->run_list, array->queue + p->prio);
	__set_bit(p->prio, array->bitmap);
	array->nr_active++;
	p->array = array;
}

/*
 * __normal_prio - return the priority that is based on the static
 * priority but is modified by bonuses/penalties.
 *
 * We scale the actual sleep average [0 .... MAX_SLEEP_AVG]
 * into the -5 ... 0 ... +5 bonus/penalty range.
 *
 * We use 25% of the full 0...39 priority range so that:
 *
 * 1) nice +19 interactive tasks do not preempt nice 0 CPU hogs.
 * 2) nice -20 CPU hogs do not get preempted by nice 0 tasks.
 *
 * Both properties are important to certain workloads.
 */

static inline int __normal_prio(struct task_struct *p)
{
	int bonus, prio;

	bonus = CURRENT_BONUS(p) - MAX_BONUS / 2;

	prio = p->static_prio - bonus;
	if (prio < MAX_RT_PRIO)
		prio = MAX_RT_PRIO;
	if (prio > MAX_PRIO-1)
		prio = MAX_PRIO-1;
	return prio;
}

/*
 * To aid in avoiding the subversion of "niceness" due to uneven distribution
 * of tasks with abnormal "nice" values across CPUs the contribution that
 * each task makes to its run queue's load is weighted according to its
 * scheduling class and "nice" value.  For SCHED_NORMAL tasks this is just a
 * scaled version of the new time slice allocation that they receive on time
 * slice expiry etc.
 */

/*
 * Assume: static_prio_timeslice(NICE_TO_PRIO(0)) == DEF_TIMESLICE
 * If static_prio_timeslice() is ever changed to break this assumption then
 * this code will need modification
 */
#define TIME_SLICE_NICE_ZERO DEF_TIMESLICE
#define LOAD_WEIGHT(lp) \
	(((lp) * SCHED_LOAD_SCALE) / TIME_SLICE_NICE_ZERO)
#define PRIO_TO_LOAD_WEIGHT(prio) \
	LOAD_WEIGHT(static_prio_timeslice(prio))
#define RTPRIO_TO_LOAD_WEIGHT(rp) \
	(PRIO_TO_LOAD_WEIGHT(MAX_RT_PRIO) + LOAD_WEIGHT(rp))

static void set_load_weight(struct task_struct *p)
{
	if (has_rt_policy(p)) {
#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
		if (p == task_rq(p)->migration_thread)
			/*
			 * The migration thread does the actual balancing.
			 * Giving its load any weight will skew balancing
			 * adversely.
			 */
			p->load_weight = 0;
		else
#endif
			p->load_weight = RTPRIO_TO_LOAD_WEIGHT(p->rt_priority);
	} else
		p->load_weight = PRIO_TO_LOAD_WEIGHT(p->static_prio);
}

static inline void
inc_raw_weighted_load(struct rq *rq, const struct task_struct *p)
{
	rq->raw_weighted_load += p->load_weight;
}

static inline void
dec_raw_weighted_load(struct rq *rq, const struct task_struct *p)
{
	rq->raw_weighted_load -= p->load_weight;
}

static inline void inc_nr_running(struct task_struct *p, struct rq *rq)
{
	rq->nr_running++;
	inc_raw_weighted_load(rq, p);
}

static inline void dec_nr_running(struct task_struct *p, struct rq *rq)
{
	rq->nr_running--;
	dec_raw_weighted_load(rq, p);
}

/*
 * Calculate the expected normal priority: i.e. priority
 * without taking RT-inheritance into account. Might be
 * boosted by interactivity modifiers. Changes upon fork,
 * setprio syscalls, and whenever the interactivity
 * estimator recalculates.
 */
static inline int normal_prio(struct task_struct *p)
{
	int prio;

	if (has_rt_policy(p))
		prio = MAX_RT_PRIO-1 - p->rt_priority;
	else
		prio = __normal_prio(p);
	return prio;
}

/*
 * Calculate the current priority, i.e. the priority
 * taken into account by the scheduler. This value might
 * be boosted by RT tasks, or might be boosted by
 * interactivity modifiers. Will be RT if the task got
 * RT-boosted. If not then it returns p->normal_prio.
 */
static int effective_prio(struct task_struct *p)
{
	p->normal_prio = normal_prio(p);
	/*
	 * If we are RT tasks or we were boosted to RT priority,
	 * keep the priority unchanged. Otherwise, update priority
	 * to the normal priority:
	 */
	if (!rt_prio(p->prio))
		return p->normal_prio;
	return p->prio;
}

/*
 * __activate_task - move a task to the runqueue.
 */
static void __activate_task(struct task_struct *p, struct rq *rq)
{
	struct prio_array *target = rq->active;

	if (batch_task(p))
		target = rq->expired;
	enqueue_task(p, target);
	inc_nr_running(p, rq);
}

/*
 * __activate_idle_task - move idle task to the _front_ of runqueue.
 */
static inline void __activate_idle_task(struct task_struct *p, struct rq *rq)
{
	enqueue_task_head(p, rq->active);
	inc_nr_running(p, rq);
}

/*
 * Recalculate p->normal_prio and p->prio after having slept,
 * updating the sleep-average too:
 */
static int recalc_task_prio(struct task_struct *p, unsigned long long now)
{
	/* Caller must always ensure 'now >= p->timestamp' */
	unsigned long sleep_time = now - p->timestamp;

	if (batch_task(p))
		sleep_time = 0;

	if (likely(sleep_time > 0)) {
		/*
		 * This ceiling is set to the lowest priority that would allow
		 * a task to be reinserted into the active array on timeslice
		 * completion.
		 */
		unsigned long ceiling = INTERACTIVE_SLEEP(p);

		if (p->mm && sleep_time > ceiling && p->sleep_avg < ceiling) {
			/*
			 * Prevents user tasks from achieving best priority
			 * with one single large enough sleep.
			 */
			p->sleep_avg = ceiling;
			/*
			 * Using INTERACTIVE_SLEEP() as a ceiling places a
			 * nice(0) task 1ms sleep away from promotion, and
			 * gives it 700ms to round-robin with no chance of
			 * being demoted.  This is more than generous, so
			 * mark this sleep as non-interactive to prevent the
			 * on-runqueue bonus logic from intervening should
			 * this task not receive cpu immediately.
			 */
			p->sleep_type = SLEEP_NONINTERACTIVE;
		} else {
			/*
			 * Tasks waking from uninterruptible sleep are
			 * limited in their sleep_avg rise as they
			 * are likely to be waiting on I/O
			 */
			if (p->sleep_type == SLEEP_NONINTERACTIVE && p->mm) {
				if (p->sleep_avg >= ceiling)
					sleep_time = 0;
				else if (p->sleep_avg + sleep_time >=
					 ceiling) {
						p->sleep_avg = ceiling;
						sleep_time = 0;
				}
			}

			/*
			 * This code gives a bonus to interactive tasks.
			 *
			 * The boost works by updating the 'average sleep time'
			 * value here, based on ->timestamp. The more time a
			 * task spends sleeping, the higher the average gets -
			 * and the higher the priority boost gets as well.
			 */
			p->sleep_avg += sleep_time;

		}
		if (p->sleep_avg > NS_MAX_SLEEP_AVG)
			p->sleep_avg = NS_MAX_SLEEP_AVG;
	}

	return effective_prio(p);
}

/*
 * activate_task - move a task to the runqueue and do priority recalculation
 *
 * Update all the scheduling statistics stuff. (sleep average
 * calculation, priority modifiers, etc.)
 */
static void activate_task(struct task_struct *p, struct rq *rq, int local)
{
	unsigned long long now;

	if (rt_task(p))
		goto out;

	now = sched_clock();
#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
	if (!local) {
		/* Compensate for drifting sched_clock */
		struct rq *this_rq = this_rq();
		now = (now - this_rq->most_recent_timestamp)
			+ rq->most_recent_timestamp;
	}
#endif

	/*
	 * Sleep time is in units of nanosecs, so shift by 20 to get a
	 * milliseconds-range estimation of the amount of time that the task
	 * spent sleeping:
	 */
	if (unlikely(prof_on == SLEEP_PROFILING)) {
		if (p->state == TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE)
			profile_hits(SLEEP_PROFILING, (void *)get_wchan(p),
				     (now - p->timestamp) >> 20);
	}

	p->prio = recalc_task_prio(p, now);

	/*
	 * This checks to make sure it's not an uninterruptible task
	 * that is now waking up.
	 */
	if (p->sleep_type == SLEEP_NORMAL) {
		/*
		 * Tasks which were woken up by interrupts (ie. hw events)
		 * are most likely of interactive nature. So we give them
		 * the credit of extending their sleep time to the period
		 * of time they spend on the runqueue, waiting for execution
		 * on a CPU, first time around:
		 */
		if (in_interrupt())
			p->sleep_type = SLEEP_INTERRUPTED;
		else {
			/*
			 * Normal first-time wakeups get a credit too for
			 * on-runqueue time, but it will be weighted down:
			 */
			p->sleep_type = SLEEP_INTERACTIVE;
		}
	}
	p->timestamp = now;
out:
	__activate_task(p, rq);
}

/*
 * deactivate_task - remove a task from the runqueue.
 */
static void deactivate_task(struct task_struct *p, struct rq *rq)
{
	dec_nr_running(p, rq);
	dequeue_task(p, p->array);
	p->array = NULL;
}

/*
 * resched_task - mark a task 'to be rescheduled now'.
 *
 * On UP this means the setting of the need_resched flag, on SMP it
 * might also involve a cross-CPU call to trigger the scheduler on
 * the target CPU.
 */
#ifdef CONFIG_SMP

#ifndef tsk_is_polling
#define tsk_is_polling(t) test_tsk_thread_flag(t, TIF_POLLING_NRFLAG)
#endif

static void resched_task(struct task_struct *p)
{
	int cpu;

	assert_spin_locked(&task_rq(p)->lock);

	if (unlikely(test_tsk_thread_flag(p, TIF_NEED_RESCHED)))
		return;

	set_tsk_thread_flag(p, TIF_NEED_RESCHED);

	cpu = task_cpu(p);
	if (cpu == smp_processor_id())
		return;

	/* NEED_RESCHED must be visible before we test polling */
	smp_mb();
	if (!tsk_is_polling(p))
		smp_send_reschedule(cpu);
}
#else
static inline void resched_task(struct task_struct *p)
{
	assert_spin_locked(&task_rq(p)->lock);
	set_tsk_need_resched(p);
}
#endif

/**
 * task_curr - is this task currently executing on a CPU?
 * @p: the task in question.
 */
inline int task_curr(const struct task_struct *p)
{
	return cpu_curr(task_cpu(p)) == p;
}

/* Used instead of source_load when we know the type == 0 */
unsigned long weighted_cpuload(const int cpu)
{
	return cpu_rq(cpu)->raw_weighted_load;
}

#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
struct migration_req {
	struct list_head list;

	struct task_struct *task;
	int dest_cpu;

	struct completion done;
};

/*
 * The task's runqueue lock must be held.
 * Returns true if you have to wait for migration thread.
 */
static int
migrate_task(struct task_struct *p, int dest_cpu, struct migration_req *req)
{
	struct rq *rq = task_rq(p);

	/*
	 * If the task is not on a runqueue (and not running), then
	 * it is sufficient to simply update the task's cpu field.
	 */
	if (!p->array && !task_running(rq, p)) {
		set_task_cpu(p, dest_cpu);
		return 0;
	}

	init_completion(&req->done);
	req->task = p;
	req->dest_cpu = dest_cpu;
	list_add(&req->list, &rq->migration_queue);

	return 1;
}

/*
 * wait_task_inactive - wait for a thread to unschedule.
 *
 * The caller must ensure that the task *will* unschedule sometime soon,
 * else this function might spin for a *long* time. This function can't
 * be called with interrupts off, or it may introduce deadlock with
 * smp_call_function() if an IPI is sent by the same process we are
 * waiting to become inactive.
 */
void wait_task_inactive(struct task_struct *p)
{
	unsigned long flags;
	struct rq *rq;
	int preempted;

repeat:
	rq = task_rq_lock(p, &flags);
	/* Must be off runqueue entirely, not preempted. */
	if (unlikely(p->array || task_running(rq, p))) {
		/* If it's preempted, we yield.  It could be a while. */
		preempted = !task_running(rq, p);
		task_rq_unlock(rq, &flags);
		cpu_relax();
		if (preempted)
			yield();
		goto repeat;
	}
	task_rq_unlock(rq, &flags);
}

/***
 * kick_process - kick a running thread to enter/exit the kernel
 * @p: the to-be-kicked thread
 *
 * Cause a process which is running on another CPU to enter
 * kernel-mode, without any delay. (to get signals handled.)
 *
 * NOTE: this function doesnt have to take the runqueue lock,
 * because all it wants to ensure is that the remote task enters
 * the kernel. If the IPI races and the task has been migrated
 * to another CPU then no harm is done and the purpose has been
 * achieved as well.
 */
void kick_process(struct task_struct *p)
{
	int cpu;

	preempt_disable();
	cpu = task_cpu(p);
	if ((cpu != smp_processor_id()) && task_curr(p))
		smp_send_reschedule(cpu);
	preempt_enable();
}

/*
 * Return a low guess at the load of a migration-source cpu weighted
 * according to the scheduling class and "nice" value.
 *
 * We want to under-estimate the load of migration sources, to
 * balance conservatively.
 */
static inline unsigned long source_load(int cpu, int type)
{
	struct rq *rq = cpu_rq(cpu);

	if (type == 0)
		return rq->raw_weighted_load;

	return min(rq->cpu_load[type-1], rq->raw_weighted_load);
}

/*
 * Return a high guess at the load of a migration-target cpu weighted
 * according to the scheduling class and "nice" value.
 */
static inline unsigned long target_load(int cpu, int type)
{
	struct rq *rq = cpu_rq(cpu);

	if (type == 0)
		return rq->raw_weighted_load;

	return max(rq->cpu_load[type-1], rq->raw_weighted_load);
}

/*
 * Return the average load per task on the cpu's run queue
 */
static inline unsigned long cpu_avg_load_per_task(int cpu)
{
	struct rq *rq = cpu_rq(cpu);
	unsigned long n = rq->nr_running;

	return n ? rq->raw_weighted_load / n : SCHED_LOAD_SCALE;
}

/*
 * find_idlest_group finds and returns the least busy CPU group within the
 * domain.
 */
static struct sched_group *
find_idlest_group(struct sched_domain *sd, struct task_struct *p, int this_cpu)
{
	struct sched_group *idlest = NULL, *this = NULL, *group = sd->groups;
	unsigned long min_load = ULONG_MAX, this_load = 0;
	int load_idx = sd->forkexec_idx;
	int imbalance = 100 + (sd->imbalance_pct-100)/2;

	do {
		unsigned long load, avg_load;
		int local_group;
		int i;

		/* Skip over this group if it has no CPUs allowed */
		if (!cpus_intersects(group->cpumask, p->cpus_allowed))
			goto nextgroup;

		local_group = cpu_isset(this_cpu, group->cpumask);

		/* Tally up the load of all CPUs in the group */
		avg_load = 0;

		for_each_cpu_mask(i, group->cpumask) {
			/* Bias balancing toward cpus of our domain */
			if (local_group)
				load = source_load(i, load_idx);
			else
				load = target_load(i, load_idx);

			avg_load += load;
		}

		/* Adjust by relative CPU power of the group */
		avg_load = (avg_load * SCHED_LOAD_SCALE) / group->cpu_power;

		if (local_group) {
			this_load = avg_load;
			this = group;
		} else if (avg_load < min_load) {
			min_load = avg_load;
			idlest = group;
		}
nextgroup:
		group = group->next;
	} while (group != sd->groups);

	if (!idlest || 100*this_load < imbalance*min_load)
		return NULL;
	return idlest;
}

/*
 * find_idlest_cpu - find the idlest cpu among the cpus in group.
 */
static int
find_idlest_cpu(struct sched_group *group, struct task_struct *p, int this_cpu)
{
	cpumask_t tmp;
	unsigned long load, min_load = ULONG_MAX;
	int idlest = -1;
	int i;

	/* Traverse only the allowed CPUs */
	cpus_and(tmp, group->cpumask, p->cpus_allowed);

	for_each_cpu_mask(i, tmp) {
		load = weighted_cpuload(i);

		if (load < min_load || (load == min_load && i == this_cpu)) {
			min_load = load;
			idlest = i;
		}
	}

	return idlest;
}

/*
 * sched_balance_self: balance the current task (running on cpu) in domains
 * that have the 'flag' flag set. In practice, this is SD_BALANCE_FORK and
 * SD_BALANCE_EXEC.
 *
 * Balance, ie. select the least loaded group.
 *
 * Returns the target CPU number, or the same CPU if no balancing is needed.
 *
 * preempt must be disabled.
 */
static int sched_balance_self(int cpu, int flag)
{
	struct task_struct *t = current;
	struct sched_domain *tmp, *sd = NULL;

	for_each_domain(cpu, tmp) {
 		/*
 	 	 * If power savings logic is enabled for a domain, stop there.
 	 	 */
		if (tmp->flags & SD_POWERSAVINGS_BALANCE)
			break;
		if (tmp->flags & flag)
			sd = tmp;
	}

	while (sd) {
		cpumask_t span;
		struct sched_group *group;
		int new_cpu, weight;

		if (!(sd->flags & flag)) {
			sd = sd->child;
			continue;
		}

		span = sd->span;
		group = find_idlest_group(sd, t, cpu);
		if (!group) {
			sd = sd->child;
			continue;
		}

		new_cpu = find_idlest_cpu(group, t, cpu);
		if (new_cpu == -1 || new_cpu == cpu) {
			/* Now try balancing at a lower domain level of cpu */
			sd = sd->child;
			continue;
		}

		/* Now try balancing at a lower domain level of new_cpu */
		cpu = new_cpu;
		sd = NULL;
		weight = cpus_weight(span);
		for_each_domain(cpu, tmp) {
			if (weight <= cpus_weight(tmp->span))
				break;
			if (tmp->flags & flag)
				sd = tmp;
		}
		/* while loop will break here if sd == NULL */
	}

	return cpu;
}

#endif /* CONFIG_SMP */

/*
 * wake_idle() will wake a task on an idle cpu if task->cpu is
 * not idle and an idle cpu is available.  The span of cpus to
 * search starts with cpus closest then further out as needed,
 * so we always favor a closer, idle cpu.
 *
 * Returns the CPU we should wake onto.
 */
#if defined(ARCH_HAS_SCHED_WAKE_IDLE)
static int wake_idle(int cpu, struct task_struct *p)
{
	cpumask_t tmp;
	struct sched_domain *sd;
	int i;

	if (idle_cpu(cpu))
		return cpu;

	for_each_domain(cpu, sd) {
		if (sd->flags & SD_WAKE_IDLE) {
			cpus_and(tmp, sd->span, p->cpus_allowed);
			for_each_cpu_mask(i, tmp) {
				if (idle_cpu(i))
					return i;
			}
		}
		else
			break;
	}
	return cpu;
}
#else
static inline int wake_idle(int cpu, struct task_struct *p)
{
	return cpu;
}
#endif

/***
 * try_to_wake_up - wake up a thread
 * @p: the to-be-woken-up thread
 * @state: the mask of task states that can be woken
 * @sync: do a synchronous wakeup?
 *
 * Put it on the run-queue if it's not already there. The "current"
 * thread is always on the run-queue (except when the actual
 * re-schedule is in progress), and as such you're allowed to do
 * the simpler "current->state = TASK_RUNNING" to mark yourself
 * runnable without the overhead of this.
 *
 * returns failure only if the task is already active.
 */
static int try_to_wake_up(struct task_struct *p, unsigned int state, int sync)
{
	int cpu, this_cpu, success = 0;
	unsigned long flags;
	long old_state;
	struct rq *rq;
#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
	struct sched_domain *sd, *this_sd = NULL;
	unsigned long load, this_load;
	int new_cpu;
#endif

	rq = task_rq_lock(p, &flags);
	old_state = p->state;
	if (!(old_state & state))
		goto out;

	if (p->array)
		goto out_running;

	cpu = task_cpu(p);
	this_cpu = smp_processor_id();

#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
	if (unlikely(task_running(rq, p)))
		goto out_activate;

	new_cpu = cpu;

	schedstat_inc(rq, ttwu_cnt);
	if (cpu == this_cpu) {
		schedstat_inc(rq, ttwu_local);
		goto out_set_cpu;
	}

	for_each_domain(this_cpu, sd) {
		if (cpu_isset(cpu, sd->span)) {
			schedstat_inc(sd, ttwu_wake_remote);
			this_sd = sd;
			break;
		}
	}

	if (unlikely(!cpu_isset(this_cpu, p->cpus_allowed)))
		goto out_set_cpu;

	/*
	 * Check for affine wakeup and passive balancing possibilities.
	 */
	if (this_sd) {
		int idx = this_sd->wake_idx;
		unsigned int imbalance;

		imbalance = 100 + (this_sd->imbalance_pct - 100) / 2;

		load = source_load(cpu, idx);
		this_load = target_load(this_cpu, idx);

		new_cpu = this_cpu; /* Wake to this CPU if we can */

		if (this_sd->flags & SD_WAKE_AFFINE) {
			unsigned long tl = this_load;
			unsigned long tl_per_task;

			tl_per_task = cpu_avg_load_per_task(this_cpu);

			/*
			 * If sync wakeup then subtract the (maximum possible)
			 * effect of the currently running task from the load
			 * of the current CPU:
			 */
			if (sync)
				tl -= current->load_weight;

			if ((tl <= load &&
				tl + target_load(cpu, idx) <= tl_per_task) ||
				100*(tl + p->load_weight) <= imbalance*load) {
				/*
				 * This domain has SD_WAKE_AFFINE and
				 * p is cache cold in this domain, and
				 * there is no bad imbalance.
				 */
				schedstat_inc(this_sd, ttwu_move_affine);
				goto out_set_cpu;
			}
		}

		/*
		 * Start passive balancing when half the imbalance_pct
		 * limit is reached.
		 */
		if (this_sd->flags & SD_WAKE_BALANCE) {
			if (imbalance*this_load <= 100*load) {
				schedstat_inc(this_sd, ttwu_move_balance);
				goto out_set_cpu;
			}
		}
	}

	new_cpu = cpu; /* Could not wake to this_cpu. Wake to cpu instead */
out_set_cpu:
	new_cpu = wake_idle(new_cpu, p);
	if (new_cpu != cpu) {
		set_task_cpu(p, new_cpu);
		task_rq_unlock(rq, &flags);
		/* might preempt at this point */
		rq = task_rq_lock(p, &flags);
		old_state = p->state;
		if (!(old_state & state))
			goto out;
		if (p->array)
			goto out_running;

		this_cpu = smp_processor_id();
		cpu = task_cpu(p);
	}

out_activate:
#endif /* CONFIG_SMP */
	if (old_state == TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE) {
		rq->nr_uninterruptible--;
		/*
		 * Tasks on involuntary sleep don't earn
		 * sleep_avg beyond just interactive state.
		 */
		p->sleep_type = SLEEP_NONINTERACTIVE;
	} else

	/*
	 * Tasks that have marked their sleep as noninteractive get
	 * woken up with their sleep average not weighted in an
	 * interactive way.
	 */
		if (old_state & TASK_NONINTERACTIVE)
			p->sleep_type = SLEEP_NONINTERACTIVE;


	activate_task(p, rq, cpu == this_cpu);
	/*
	 * Sync wakeups (i.e. those types of wakeups where the waker
	 * has indicated that it will leave the CPU in short order)
	 * don't trigger a preemption, if the woken up task will run on
	 * this cpu. (in this case the 'I will reschedule' promise of
	 * the waker guarantees that the freshly woken up task is going
	 * to be considered on this CPU.)
	 */
	if (!sync || cpu != this_cpu) {
		if (TASK_PREEMPTS_CURR(p, rq))
			resched_task(rq->curr);
	}
	success = 1;

out_running:
	p->state = TASK_RUNNING;
out:
	task_rq_unlock(rq, &flags);

	return success;
}

int fastcall wake_up_process(struct task_struct *p)
{
	return try_to_wake_up(p, TASK_STOPPED | TASK_TRACED |
				 TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE | TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE, 0);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(wake_up_process);

int fastcall wake_up_state(struct task_struct *p, unsigned int state)
{
	return try_to_wake_up(p, state, 0);
}

static void task_running_tick(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p);
/*
 * Perform scheduler related setup for a newly forked process p.
 * p is forked by current.
 */
void fastcall sched_fork(struct task_struct *p, int clone_flags)
{
	int cpu = get_cpu();

#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
	cpu = sched_balance_self(cpu, SD_BALANCE_FORK);
#endif
	set_task_cpu(p, cpu);

	/*
	 * We mark the process as running here, but have not actually
	 * inserted it onto the runqueue yet. This guarantees that
	 * nobody will actually run it, and a signal or other external
	 * event cannot wake it up and insert it on the runqueue either.
	 */
	p->state = TASK_RUNNING;

	/*
	 * Make sure we do not leak PI boosting priority to the child:
	 */
	p->prio = current->normal_prio;

	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&p->run_list);
	p->array = NULL;
#if defined(CONFIG_SCHEDSTATS) || defined(CONFIG_TASK_DELAY_ACCT)
	if (unlikely(sched_info_on()))
		memset(&p->sched_info, 0, sizeof(p->sched_info));
#endif
#if defined(CONFIG_SMP) && defined(__ARCH_WANT_UNLOCKED_CTXSW)
	p->oncpu = 0;
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_PREEMPT
	/* Want to start with kernel preemption disabled. */
	task_thread_info(p)->preempt_count = 1;
#endif
	/*
	 * Share the timeslice between parent and child, thus the
	 * total amount of pending timeslices in the system doesn't change,
	 * resulting in more scheduling fairness.
	 */
	local_irq_disable();
	p->time_slice = (current->time_slice + 1) >> 1;
	/*
	 * The remainder of the first timeslice might be recovered by
	 * the parent if the child exits early enough.
	 */
	p->first_time_slice = 1;
	current->time_slice >>= 1;
	p->timestamp = sched_clock();
	if (unlikely(!current->time_slice)) {
		/*
		 * This case is rare, it happens when the parent has only
		 * a single jiffy left from its timeslice. Taking the
		 * runqueue lock is not a problem.
		 */
		current->time_slice = 1;
		task_running_tick(cpu_rq(cpu), current);
	}
	local_irq_enable();
	put_cpu();
}

/*
 * wake_up_new_task - wake up a newly created task for the first time.
 *
 * This function will do some initial scheduler statistics housekeeping
 * that must be done for every newly created context, then puts the task
 * on the runqueue and wakes it.
 */
void fastcall wake_up_new_task(struct task_struct *p, unsigned long clone_flags)
{
	struct rq *rq, *this_rq;
	unsigned long flags;
	int this_cpu, cpu;

	rq = task_rq_lock(p, &flags);
	BUG_ON(p->state != TASK_RUNNING);
	this_cpu = smp_processor_id();
	cpu = task_cpu(p);

	/*
	 * We decrease the sleep average of forking parents
	 * and children as well, to keep max-interactive tasks
	 * from forking tasks that are max-interactive. The parent
	 * (current) is done further down, under its lock.
	 */
	p->sleep_avg = JIFFIES_TO_NS(CURRENT_BONUS(p) *
		CHILD_PENALTY / 100 * MAX_SLEEP_AVG / MAX_BONUS);

	p->prio = effective_prio(p);

	if (likely(cpu == this_cpu)) {
		if (!(clone_flags & CLONE_VM)) {
			/*
			 * The VM isn't cloned, so we're in a good position to
			 * do child-runs-first in anticipation of an exec. This
			 * usually avoids a lot of COW overhead.
			 */
			if (unlikely(!current->array))
				__activate_task(p, rq);
			else {
				p->prio = current->prio;
				p->normal_prio = current->normal_prio;
				list_add_tail(&p->run_list, &current->run_list);
				p->array = current->array;
				p->array->nr_active++;
				inc_nr_running(p, rq);
			}
			set_need_resched();
		} else
			/* Run child last */
			__activate_task(p, rq);
		/*
		 * We skip the following code due to cpu == this_cpu
	 	 *
		 *   task_rq_unlock(rq, &flags);
		 *   this_rq = task_rq_lock(current, &flags);
		 */
		this_rq = rq;
	} else {
		this_rq = cpu_rq(this_cpu);

		/*
		 * Not the local CPU - must adjust timestamp. This should
		 * get optimised away in the !CONFIG_SMP case.
		 */
		p->timestamp = (p->timestamp - this_rq->most_recent_timestamp)
					+ rq->most_recent_timestamp;
		__activate_task(p, rq);
		if (TASK_PREEMPTS_CURR(p, rq))
			resched_task(rq->curr);

		/*
		 * Parent and child are on different CPUs, now get the
		 * parent runqueue to update the parent's ->sleep_avg:
		 */
		task_rq_unlock(rq, &flags);
		this_rq = task_rq_lock(current, &flags);
	}
	current->sleep_avg = JIFFIES_TO_NS(CURRENT_BONUS(current) *
		PARENT_PENALTY / 100 * MAX_SLEEP_AVG / MAX_BONUS);
	task_rq_unlock(this_rq, &flags);
}

/*
 * Potentially available exiting-child timeslices are
 * retrieved here - this way the parent does not get
 * penalized for creating too many threads.
 *
 * (this cannot be used to 'generate' timeslices
 * artificially, because any timeslice recovered here
 * was given away by the parent in the first place.)
 */
void fastcall sched_exit(struct task_struct *p)
{
	unsigned long flags;
	struct rq *rq;

	/*
	 * If the child was a (relative-) CPU hog then decrease
	 * the sleep_avg of the parent as well.
	 */
	rq = task_rq_lock(p->parent, &flags);
	if (p->first_time_slice && task_cpu(p) == task_cpu(p->parent)) {
		p->parent->time_slice += p->time_slice;
		if (unlikely(p->parent->time_slice > task_timeslice(p)))
			p->parent->time_slice = task_timeslice(p);
	}
	if (p->sleep_avg < p->parent->sleep_avg)
		p->parent->sleep_avg = p->parent->sleep_avg /
		(EXIT_WEIGHT + 1) * EXIT_WEIGHT + p->sleep_avg /
		(EXIT_WEIGHT + 1);
	task_rq_unlock(rq, &flags);
}

/**
 * prepare_task_switch - prepare to switch tasks
 * @rq: the runqueue preparing to switch
 * @next: the task we are going to switch to.
 *
 * This is called with the rq lock held and interrupts off. It must
 * be paired with a subsequent finish_task_switch after the context
 * switch.
 *
 * prepare_task_switch sets up locking and calls architecture specific
 * hooks.
 */
static inline void prepare_task_switch(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *next)
{
	prepare_lock_switch(rq, next);
	prepare_arch_switch(next);
}

/**
 * finish_task_switch - clean up after a task-switch
 * @rq: runqueue associated with task-switch
 * @prev: the thread we just switched away from.
 *
 * finish_task_switch must be called after the context switch, paired
 * with a prepare_task_switch call before the context switch.
 * finish_task_switch will reconcile locking set up by prepare_task_switch,
 * and do any other architecture-specific cleanup actions.
 *
 * Note that we may have delayed dropping an mm in context_switch(). If
 * so, we finish that here outside of the runqueue lock.  (Doing it
 * with the lock held can cause deadlocks; see schedule() for
 * details.)
 */
static inline void finish_task_switch(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *prev)
	__releases(rq->lock)
{
	struct mm_struct *mm = rq->prev_mm;
	long prev_state;

	rq->prev_mm = NULL;

	/*
	 * A task struct has one reference for the use as "current".
	 * If a task dies, then it sets TASK_DEAD in tsk->state and calls
	 * schedule one last time. The schedule call will never return, and
	 * the scheduled task must drop that reference.
	 * The test for TASK_DEAD must occur while the runqueue locks are
	 * still held, otherwise prev could be scheduled on another cpu, die
	 * there before we look at prev->state, and then the reference would
	 * be dropped twice.
	 *		Manfred Spraul <manfred@colorfullife.com>
	 */
	prev_state = prev->state;
	finish_arch_switch(prev);
	finish_lock_switch(rq, prev);
	if (mm)
		mmdrop(mm);
	if (unlikely(prev_state == TASK_DEAD)) {
		/*
		 * Remove function-return probe instances associated with this
		 * task and put them back on the free list.
	 	 */
		kprobe_flush_task(prev);
		put_task_struct(prev);
	}
}

/**
 * schedule_tail - first thing a freshly forked thread must call.
 * @prev: the thread we just switched away from.
 */
asmlinkage void schedule_tail(struct task_struct *prev)
	__releases(rq->lock)
{
	struct rq *rq = this_rq();

	finish_task_switch(rq, prev);
#ifdef __ARCH_WANT_UNLOCKED_CTXSW
	/* In this case, finish_task_switch does not reenable preemption */
	preempt_enable();
#endif
	if (current->set_child_tid)
		put_user(current->pid, current->set_child_tid);
}

/*
 * context_switch - switch to the new MM and the new
 * thread's register state.
 */
static inline struct task_struct *
context_switch(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *prev,
	       struct task_struct *next)
{
	struct mm_struct *mm = next->mm;
	struct mm_struct *oldmm = prev->active_mm;

	/*
	 * For paravirt, this is coupled with an exit in switch_to to
	 * combine the page table reload and the switch backend into
	 * one hypercall.
	 */
	arch_enter_lazy_cpu_mode();

	if (!mm) {
		next->active_mm = oldmm;
		atomic_inc(&oldmm->mm_count);
		enter_lazy_tlb(oldmm, next);
	} else
		switch_mm(oldmm, mm, next);

	if (!prev->mm) {
		prev->active_mm = NULL;
		WARN_ON(rq->prev_mm);
		rq->prev_mm = oldmm;
	}
	/*
	 * Since the runqueue lock will be released by the next
	 * task (which is an invalid locking op but in the case
	 * of the scheduler it's an obvious special-case), so we
	 * do an early lockdep release here:
	 */
#ifndef __ARCH_WANT_UNLOCKED_CTXSW
	spin_release(&rq->lock.dep_map, 1, _THIS_IP_);
#endif

	/* Here we just switch the register state and the stack. */
	switch_to(prev, next, prev);

	return prev;
}

/*
 * nr_running, nr_uninterruptible and nr_context_switches:
 *
 * externally visible scheduler statistics: current number of runnable
 * threads, current number of uninterruptible-sleeping threads, total
 * number of context switches performed since bootup.
 */
unsigned long nr_running(void)
{
	unsigned long i, sum = 0;

	for_each_online_cpu(i)
		sum += cpu_rq(i)->nr_running;

	return sum;
}

unsigned long nr_uninterruptible(void)
{
	unsigned long i, sum = 0;

	for_each_possible_cpu(i)
		sum += cpu_rq(i)->nr_uninterruptible;

	/*
	 * Since we read the counters lockless, it might be slightly
	 * inaccurate. Do not allow it to go below zero though:
	 */
	if (unlikely((long)sum < 0))
		sum = 0;

	return sum;
}

unsigned long long nr_context_switches(void)
{
	int i;
	unsigned long long sum = 0;

	for_each_possible_cpu(i)
		sum += cpu_rq(i)->nr_switches;

	return sum;
}

unsigned long nr_iowait(void)
{
	unsigned long i, sum = 0;

	for_each_possible_cpu(i)
		sum += atomic_read(&cpu_rq(i)->nr_iowait);

	return sum;
}

unsigned long nr_active(void)
{
	unsigned long i, running = 0, uninterruptible = 0;

	for_each_online_cpu(i) {
		running += cpu_rq(i)->nr_running;
		uninterruptible += cpu_rq(i)->nr_uninterruptible;
	}

	if (unlikely((long)uninterruptible < 0))
		uninterruptible = 0;

	return running + uninterruptible;
}

#ifdef CONFIG_SMP

/*
 * Is this task likely cache-hot:
 */
static inline int
task_hot(struct task_struct *p, unsigned long long now, struct sched_domain *sd)
{
	return (long long)(now - p->last_ran) < (long long)sd->cache_hot_time;
}

/*
 * double_rq_lock - safely lock two runqueues
 *
 * Note this does not disable interrupts like task_rq_lock,
 * you need to do so manually before calling.
 */
static void double_rq_lock(struct rq *rq1, struct rq *rq2)
	__acquires(rq1->lock)
	__acquires(rq2->lock)
{
	BUG_ON(!irqs_disabled());
	if (rq1 == rq2) {
		spin_lock(&rq1->lock);
		__acquire(rq2->lock);	/* Fake it out ;) */
	} else {
		if (rq1 < rq2) {
			spin_lock(&rq1->lock);
			spin_lock(&rq2->lock);
		} else {
			spin_lock(&rq2->lock);
			spin_lock(&rq1->lock);
		}
	}
}

/*
 * double_rq_unlock - safely unlock two runqueues
 *
 * Note this does not restore interrupts like task_rq_unlock,
 * you need to do so manually after calling.
 */
static void double_rq_unlock(struct rq *rq1, struct rq *rq2)
	__releases(rq1->lock)
	__releases(rq2->lock)
{
	spin_unlock(&rq1->lock);
	if (rq1 != rq2)
		spin_unlock(&rq2->lock);
	else
		__release(rq2->lock);
}

/*
 * double_lock_balance - lock the busiest runqueue, this_rq is locked already.
 */
static void double_lock_balance(struct rq *this_rq, struct rq *busiest)
	__releases(this_rq->lock)
	__acquires(busiest->lock)
	__acquires(this_rq->lock)
{
	if (unlikely(!irqs_disabled())) {
		/* printk() doesn't work good under rq->lock */
		spin_unlock(&this_rq->lock);
		BUG_ON(1);
	}
	if (unlikely(!spin_trylock(&busiest->lock))) {
		if (busiest < this_rq) {
			spin_unlock(&this_rq->lock);
			spin_lock(&busiest->lock);
			spin_lock(&this_rq->lock);
		} else
			spin_lock(&busiest->lock);
	}
}

/*
 * If dest_cpu is allowed for this process, migrate the task to it.
 * This is accomplished by forcing the cpu_allowed mask to only
 * allow dest_cpu, which will force the cpu onto dest_cpu.  Then
 * the cpu_allowed mask is restored.
 */
static void sched_migrate_task(struct task_struct *p, int dest_cpu)
{
	struct migration_req req;
	unsigned long flags;
	struct rq *rq;

	rq = task_rq_lock(p, &flags);
	if (!cpu_isset(dest_cpu, p->cpus_allowed)
	    || unlikely(cpu_is_offline(dest_cpu)))
		goto out;

	/* force the process onto the specified CPU */
	if (migrate_task(p, dest_cpu, &req)) {
		/* Need to wait for migration thread (might exit: take ref). */
		struct task_struct *mt = rq->migration_thread;

		get_task_struct(mt);
		task_rq_unlock(rq, &flags);
		wake_up_process(mt);
		put_task_struct(mt);
		wait_for_completion(&req.done);

		return;
	}
out:
	task_rq_unlock(rq, &flags);
}

/*
 * sched_exec - execve() is a valuable balancing opportunity, because at
 * this point the task has the smallest effective memory and cache footprint.
 */
void sched_exec(void)
{
	int new_cpu, this_cpu = get_cpu();
	new_cpu = sched_balance_self(this_cpu, SD_BALANCE_EXEC);
	put_cpu();
	if (new_cpu != this_cpu)
		sched_migrate_task(current, new_cpu);
}

/*
 * pull_task - move a task from a remote runqueue to the local runqueue.
 * Both runqueues must be locked.
 */
static void pull_task(struct rq *src_rq, struct prio_array *src_array,
		      struct task_struct *p, struct rq *this_rq,
		      struct prio_array *this_array, int this_cpu)
{
	dequeue_task(p, src_array);
	dec_nr_running(p, src_rq);
	set_task_cpu(p, this_cpu);
	inc_nr_running(p, this_rq);
	enqueue_task(p, this_array);
	p->timestamp = (p->timestamp - src_rq->most_recent_timestamp)
				+ this_rq->most_recent_timestamp;
	/*
	 * Note that idle threads have a prio of MAX_PRIO, for this test
	 * to be always true for them.
	 */
	if (TASK_PREEMPTS_CURR(p, this_rq))
		resched_task(this_rq->curr);
}

/*
 * can_migrate_task - may task p from runqueue rq be migrated to this_cpu?
 */
static
int can_migrate_task(struct task_struct *p, struct rq *rq, int this_cpu,
		     struct sched_domain *sd, enum idle_type idle,
		     int *all_pinned)
{
	/*
	 * We do not migrate tasks that are:
	 * 1) running (obviously), or
	 * 2) cannot be migrated to this CPU due to cpus_allowed, or
	 * 3) are cache-hot on their current CPU.
	 */
	if (!cpu_isset(this_cpu, p->cpus_allowed))
		return 0;
	*all_pinned = 0;

	if (task_running(rq, p))
		return 0;

	/*
	 * Aggressive migration if:
	 * 1) task is cache cold, or
	 * 2) too many balance attempts have failed.
	 */

	if (sd->nr_balance_failed > sd->cache_nice_tries) {
#ifdef CONFIG_SCHEDSTATS
		if (task_hot(p, rq->most_recent_timestamp, sd))
			schedstat_inc(sd, lb_hot_gained[idle]);
#endif
		return 1;
	}

	if (task_hot(p, rq->most_recent_timestamp, sd))
		return 0;
	return 1;
}

#define rq_best_prio(rq) min((rq)->curr->prio, (rq)->best_expired_prio)

/*
 * move_tasks tries to move up to max_nr_move tasks and max_load_move weighted
 * load from busiest to this_rq, as part of a balancing operation within
 * "domain". Returns the number of tasks moved.
 *
 * Called with both runqueues locked.
 */
static int move_tasks(struct rq *this_rq, int this_cpu, struct rq *busiest,
		      unsigned long max_nr_move, unsigned long max_load_move,
		      struct sched_domain *sd, enum idle_type idle,
		      int *all_pinned)
{
	int idx, pulled = 0, pinned = 0, this_best_prio, best_prio,
	    best_prio_seen, skip_for_load;
	struct prio_array *array, *dst_array;
	struct list_head *head, *curr;
	struct task_struct *tmp;
	long rem_load_move;

	if (max_nr_move == 0 || max_load_move == 0)
		goto out;

	rem_load_move = max_load_move;
	pinned = 1;
	this_best_prio = rq_best_prio(this_rq);
	best_prio = rq_best_prio(busiest);
	/*
	 * Enable handling of the case where there is more than one task
	 * with the best priority.   If the current running task is one
	 * of those with prio==best_prio we know it won't be moved
	 * and therefore it's safe to override the skip (based on load) of
	 * any task we find with that prio.
	 */
	best_prio_seen = best_prio == busiest->curr->prio;

	/*
	 * We first consider expired tasks. Those will likely not be
	 * executed in the near future, and they are most likely to
	 * be cache-cold, thus switching CPUs has the least effect
	 * on them.
	 */
	if (busiest->expired->nr_active) {
		array = busiest->expired;
		dst_array = this_rq->expired;
	} else {
		array = busiest->active;
		dst_array = this_rq->active;
	}

new_array:
	/* Start searching at priority 0: */
	idx = 0;
skip_bitmap:
	if (!idx)
		idx = sched_find_first_bit(array->bitmap);
	else
		idx = find_next_bit(array->bitmap, MAX_PRIO, idx);
	if (idx >= MAX_PRIO) {
		if (array == busiest->expired && busiest->active->nr_active) {
			array = busiest->active;
			dst_array = this_rq->active;
			goto new_array;
		}
		goto out;
	}

	head = array->queue + idx;
	curr = head->prev;
skip_queue:
	tmp = list_entry(curr, struct task_struct, run_list);

	curr = curr->prev;

	/*
	 * To help distribute high priority tasks accross CPUs we don't
	 * skip a task if it will be the highest priority task (i.e. smallest
	 * prio value) on its new queue regardless of its load weight
	 */
	skip_for_load = tmp->load_weight > rem_load_move;
	if (skip_for_load && idx < this_best_prio)
		skip_for_load = !best_prio_seen && idx == best_prio;
	if (skip_for_load ||
	    !can_migrate_task(tmp, busiest, this_cpu, sd, idle, &pinned)) {

		best_prio_seen |= idx == best_prio;
		if (curr != head)
			goto skip_queue;
		idx++;
		goto skip_bitmap;
	}

	pull_task(busiest, array, tmp, this_rq, dst_array, this_cpu);
	pulled++;
	rem_load_move -= tmp->load_weight;

	/*
	 * We only want to steal up to the prescribed number of tasks
	 * and the prescribed amount of weighted load.
	 */
	if (pulled < max_nr_move && rem_load_move > 0) {
		if (idx < this_best_prio)
			this_best_prio = idx;
		if (curr != head)
			goto skip_queue;
		idx++;
		goto skip_bitmap;
	}
out:
	/*
	 * Right now, this is the only place pull_task() is called,
	 * so we can safely collect pull_task() stats here rather than
	 * inside pull_task().
	 */
	schedstat_add(sd, lb_gained[idle], pulled);

	if (all_pinned)
		*all_pinned = pinned;
	return pulled;
}

/*
 * find_busiest_group finds and returns the busiest CPU group within the
 * domain. It calculates and returns the amount of weighted load which
 * should be moved to restore balance via the imbalance parameter.
 */
static struct sched_group *
find_busiest_group(struct sched_domain *sd, int this_cpu,
		   unsigned long *imbalance, enum idle_type idle, int *sd_idle,
		   cpumask_t *cpus, int *balance)
{
	struct sched_group *busiest = NULL, *this = NULL, *group = sd->groups;
	unsigned long max_load, avg_load, total_load, this_load, total_pwr;
	unsigned long max_pull;
	unsigned long busiest_load_per_task, busiest_nr_running;
	unsigned long this_load_per_task, this_nr_running;
	int load_idx;
#if defined(CONFIG_SCHED_MC) || defined(CONFIG_SCHED_SMT)
	int power_savings_balance = 1;
	unsigned long leader_nr_running = 0, min_load_per_task = 0;
	unsigned long min_nr_running = ULONG_MAX;
	struct sched_group *group_min = NULL, *group_leader = NULL;
#endif

	max_load = this_load = total_load = total_pwr = 0;
	busiest_load_per_task = busiest_nr_running = 0;
	this_load_per_task = this_nr_running = 0;
	if (idle == NOT_IDLE)
		load_idx = sd->busy_idx;
	else if (idle == NEWLY_IDLE)
		load_idx = sd->newidle_idx;
	else
		load_idx = sd->idle_idx;

	do {
		unsigned long load, group_capacity;
		int local_group;
		int i;
		unsigned int balance_cpu = -1, first_idle_cpu = 0;
		unsigned long sum_nr_running, sum_weighted_load;

		local_group = cpu_isset(this_cpu, group->cpumask);

		if (local_group)
			balance_cpu = first_cpu(group->cpumask);

		/* Tally up the load of all CPUs in the group */
		sum_weighted_load = sum_nr_running = avg_load = 0;

		for_each_cpu_mask(i, group->cpumask) {
			struct rq *rq;

			if (!cpu_isset(i, *cpus))
				continue;

			rq = cpu_rq(i);

			if (*sd_idle && !idle_cpu(i))
				*sd_idle = 0;

			/* Bias balancing toward cpus of our domain */
			if (local_group) {
				if (idle_cpu(i) && !first_idle_cpu) {
					first_idle_cpu = 1;
					balance_cpu = i;
				}

				load = target_load(i, load_idx);
			} else
				load = source_load(i, load_idx);

			avg_load += load;
			sum_nr_running += rq->nr_running;
			sum_weighted_load += rq->raw_weighted_load;
		}

		/*
		 * First idle cpu or the first cpu(busiest) in this sched group
		 * is eligible for doing load balancing at this and above
		 * domains.
		 */
		if (local_group && balance_cpu != this_cpu && balance) {
			*balance = 0;
			goto ret;
		}

		total_load += avg_load;
		total_pwr += group->cpu_power;

		/* Adjust by relative CPU power of the group */
		avg_load = (avg_load * SCHED_LOAD_SCALE) / group->cpu_power;

		group_capacity = group->cpu_power / SCHED_LOAD_SCALE;

		if (local_group) {
			this_load = avg_load;
			this = group;
			this_nr_running = sum_nr_running;
			this_load_per_task = sum_weighted_load;
		} else if (avg_load > max_load &&
			   sum_nr_running > group_capacity) {
			max_load = avg_load;
			busiest = group;
			busiest_nr_running = sum_nr_running;
			busiest_load_per_task = sum_weighted_load;
		}

#if defined(CONFIG_SCHED_MC) || defined(CONFIG_SCHED_SMT)
		/*
		 * Busy processors will not participate in power savings
		 * balance.
		 */
 		if (idle == NOT_IDLE || !(sd->flags & SD_POWERSAVINGS_BALANCE))
 			goto group_next;

		/*
		 * If the local group is idle or completely loaded
		 * no need to do power savings balance at this domain
		 */
		if (local_group && (this_nr_running >= group_capacity ||
				    !this_nr_running))
			power_savings_balance = 0;

 		/*
		 * If a group is already running at full capacity or idle,
		 * don't include that group in power savings calculations
 		 */
 		if (!power_savings_balance || sum_nr_running >= group_capacity
		    || !sum_nr_running)
 			goto group_next;

 		/*
		 * Calculate the group which has the least non-idle load.
 		 * This is the group from where we need to pick up the load
 		 * for saving power
 		 */
 		if ((sum_nr_running < min_nr_running) ||
 		    (sum_nr_running == min_nr_running &&
		     first_cpu(group->cpumask) <
		     first_cpu(group_min->cpumask))) {
 			group_min = group;
 			min_nr_running = sum_nr_running;
			min_load_per_task = sum_weighted_load /
						sum_nr_running;
 		}

 		/*
		 * Calculate the group which is almost near its
 		 * capacity but still has some space to pick up some load
 		 * from other group and save more power
 		 */
 		if (sum_nr_running <= group_capacity - 1) {
 			if (sum_nr_running > leader_nr_running ||
 			    (sum_nr_running == leader_nr_running &&
 			     first_cpu(group->cpumask) >
 			      first_cpu(group_leader->cpumask))) {
 				group_leader = group;
 				leader_nr_running = sum_nr_running;
 			}
		}
group_next:
#endif
		group = group->next;
	} while (group != sd->groups);

	if (!busiest || this_load >= max_load || busiest_nr_running == 0)
		goto out_balanced;

	avg_load = (SCHED_LOAD_SCALE * total_load) / total_pwr;

	if (this_load >= avg_load ||
			100*max_load <= sd->imbalance_pct*this_load)
		goto out_balanced;

	busiest_load_per_task /= busiest_nr_running;
	/*
	 * We're trying to get all the cpus to the average_load, so we don't
	 * want to push ourselves above the average load, nor do we wish to
	 * reduce the max loaded cpu below the average load, as either of these
	 * actions would just result in more rebalancing later, and ping-pong
	 * tasks around. Thus we look for the minimum possible imbalance.
	 * Negative imbalances (*we* are more loaded than anyone else) will
	 * be counted as no imbalance for these purposes -- we can't fix that
	 * by pulling tasks to us.  Be careful of negative numbers as they'll
	 * appear as very large values with unsigned longs.
	 */
	if (max_load <= busiest_load_per_task)
		goto out_balanced;

	/*
	 * In the presence of smp nice balancing, certain scenarios can have
	 * max load less than avg load(as we skip the groups at or below
	 * its cpu_power, while calculating max_load..)
	 */
	if (max_load < avg_load) {
		*imbalance = 0;
		goto small_imbalance;
	}

	/* Don't want to pull so many tasks that a group would go idle */
	max_pull = min(max_load - avg_load, max_load - busiest_load_per_task);

	/* How much load to actually move to equalise the imbalance */
	*imbalance = min(max_pull * busiest->cpu_power,
				(avg_load - this_load) * this->cpu_power)
			/ SCHED_LOAD_SCALE;

	/*
	 * if *imbalance is less than the average load per runnable task
	 * there is no gaurantee that any tasks will be moved so we'll have
	 * a think about bumping its value to force at least one task to be
	 * moved
	 */
	if (*imbalance < busiest_load_per_task) {
		unsigned long tmp, pwr_now, pwr_move;
		unsigned int imbn;

small_imbalance:
		pwr_move = pwr_now = 0;
		imbn = 2;
		if (this_nr_running) {
			this_load_per_task /= this_nr_running;
			if (busiest_load_per_task > this_load_per_task)
				imbn = 1;
		} else
			this_load_per_task = SCHED_LOAD_SCALE;

		if (max_load - this_load >= busiest_load_per_task * imbn) {
			*imbalance = busiest_load_per_task;
			return busiest;
		}

		/*
		 * OK, we don't have enough imbalance to justify moving tasks,
		 * however we may be able to increase total CPU power used by
		 * moving them.
		 */

		pwr_now += busiest->cpu_power *
			min(busiest_load_per_task, max_load);
		pwr_now += this->cpu_power *
			min(this_load_per_task, this_load);
		pwr_now /= SCHED_LOAD_SCALE;

		/* Amount of load we'd subtract */
		tmp = busiest_load_per_task * SCHED_LOAD_SCALE /
			busiest->cpu_power;
		if (max_load > tmp)
			pwr_move += busiest->cpu_power *
				min(busiest_load_per_task, max_load - tmp);

		/* Amount of load we'd add */
		if (max_load * busiest->cpu_power <
				busiest_load_per_task * SCHED_LOAD_SCALE)
			tmp = max_load * busiest->cpu_power / this->cpu_power;
		else
			tmp = busiest_load_per_task * SCHED_LOAD_SCALE /
				this->cpu_power;
		pwr_move += this->cpu_power *
			min(this_load_per_task, this_load + tmp);
		pwr_move /= SCHED_LOAD_SCALE;

		/* Move if we gain throughput */
		if (pwr_move <= pwr_now)
			goto out_balanced;

		*imbalance = busiest_load_per_task;
	}

	return busiest;

out_balanced:
#if defined(CONFIG_SCHED_MC) || defined(CONFIG_SCHED_SMT)
	if (idle == NOT_IDLE || !(sd->flags & SD_POWERSAVINGS_BALANCE))
		goto ret;

	if (this == group_leader && group_leader != group_min) {
		*imbalance = min_load_per_task;
		return group_min;
	}
#endif
ret:
	*imbalance = 0;
	return NULL;
}

/*
 * find_busiest_queue - find the busiest runqueue among the cpus in group.
 */
static struct rq *
find_busiest_queue(struct sched_group *group, enum idle_type idle,
		   unsigned long imbalance, cpumask_t *cpus)
{
	struct rq *busiest = NULL, *rq;
	unsigned long max_load = 0;
	int i;

	for_each_cpu_mask(i, group->cpumask) {

		if (!cpu_isset(i, *cpus))
			continue;

		rq = cpu_rq(i);

		if (rq->nr_running == 1 && rq->raw_weighted_load > imbalance)
			continue;

		if (rq->raw_weighted_load > max_load) {
			max_load = rq->raw_weighted_load;
			busiest = rq;
		}
	}

	return busiest;
}

/*
 * Max backoff if we encounter pinned tasks. Pretty arbitrary value, but
 * so long as it is large enough.
 */
#define MAX_PINNED_INTERVAL	512

static inline unsigned long minus_1_or_zero(unsigned long n)
{
	return n > 0 ? n - 1 : 0;
}

/*
 * Check this_cpu to ensure it is balanced within domain. Attempt to move
 * tasks if there is an imbalance.
 */
static int load_balance(int this_cpu, struct rq *this_rq,
			struct sched_domain *sd, enum idle_type idle,
			int *balance)
{
	int nr_moved, all_pinned = 0, active_balance = 0, sd_idle = 0;
	struct sched_group *group;
	unsigned long imbalance;
	struct rq *busiest;
	cpumask_t cpus = CPU_MASK_ALL;
	unsigned long flags;

	/*
	 * When power savings policy is enabled for the parent domain, idle
	 * sibling can pick up load irrespective of busy siblings. In this case,
	 * let the state of idle sibling percolate up as IDLE, instead of
	 * portraying it as NOT_IDLE.
	 */
	if (idle != NOT_IDLE && sd->flags & SD_SHARE_CPUPOWER &&
	    !test_sd_parent(sd, SD_POWERSAVINGS_BALANCE))
		sd_idle = 1;

	schedstat_inc(sd, lb_cnt[idle]);

redo:
	group = find_busiest_group(sd, this_cpu, &imbalance, idle, &sd_idle,
				   &cpus, balance);

	if (*balance == 0)
		goto out_balanced;

	if (!group) {
		schedstat_inc(sd, lb_nobusyg[idle]);
		goto out_balanced;
	}

	busiest = find_busiest_queue(group, idle, imbalance, &cpus);
	if (!busiest) {
		schedstat_inc(sd, lb_nobusyq[idle]);
		goto out_balanced;
	}

	BUG_ON(busiest == this_rq);

	schedstat_add(sd, lb_imbalance[idle], imbalance);

	nr_moved = 0;
	if (busiest->nr_running > 1) {
		/*
		 * Attempt to move tasks. If find_busiest_group has found
		 * an imbalance but busiest->nr_running <= 1, the group is
		 * still unbalanced. nr_moved simply stays zero, so it is
		 * correctly treated as an imbalance.
		 */
		local_irq_save(flags);
		double_rq_lock(this_rq, busiest);
		nr_moved = move_tasks(this_rq, this_cpu, busiest,
				      minus_1_or_zero(busiest->nr_running),
				      imbalance, sd, idle, &all_pinned);
		double_rq_unlock(this_rq, busiest);
		local_irq_restore(flags);

		/* All tasks on this runqueue were pinned by CPU affinity */
		if (unlikely(all_pinned)) {
			cpu_clear(cpu_of(busiest), cpus);
			if (!cpus_empty(cpus))
				goto redo;
			goto out_balanced;
		}
	}

	if (!nr_moved) {
		schedstat_inc(sd, lb_failed[idle]);
		sd->nr_balance_failed++;

		if (unlikely(sd->nr_balance_failed > sd->cache_nice_tries+2)) {

			spin_lock_irqsave(&busiest->lock, flags);

			/* don't kick the migration_thread, if the curr
			 * task on busiest cpu can't be moved to this_cpu
			 */
			if (!cpu_isset(this_cpu, busiest->curr->cpus_allowed)) {
				spin_unlock_irqrestore(&busiest->lock, flags);
				all_pinned = 1;
				goto out_one_pinned;
			}

			if (!busiest->active_balance) {
				busiest->active_balance = 1;
				busiest->push_cpu = this_cpu;
				active_balance = 1;
			}
			spin_unlock_irqrestore(&busiest->lock, flags);
			if (active_balance)
				wake_up_process(busiest->migration_thread);

			/*
			 * We've kicked active balancing, reset the failure
			 * counter.
			 */
			sd->nr_balance_failed = sd->cache_nice_tries+1;
		}
	} else
		sd->nr_balance_failed = 0;

	if (likely(!active_balance)) {
		/* We were unbalanced, so reset the balancing interval */
		sd->balance_interval = sd->min_interval;
	} else {
		/*
		 * If we've begun active balancing, start to back off. This
		 * case may not be covered by the all_pinned logic if there
		 * is only 1 task on the busy runqueue (because we don't call
		 * move_tasks).
		 */
		if (sd->balance_interval < sd->max_interval)
			sd->balance_interval *= 2;
	}

	if (!nr_moved && !sd_idle && sd->flags & SD_SHARE_CPUPOWER &&
	    !test_sd_parent(sd, SD_POWERSAVINGS_BALANCE))
		return -1;
	return nr_moved;

out_balanced:
	schedstat_inc(sd, lb_balanced[idle]);

	sd->nr_balance_failed = 0;

out_one_pinned:
	/* tune up the balancing interval */
	if ((all_pinned && sd->balance_interval < MAX_PINNED_INTERVAL) ||
			(sd->balance_interval < sd->max_interval))
		sd->balance_interval *= 2;

	if (!sd_idle && sd->flags & SD_SHARE_CPUPOWER &&
	    !test_sd_parent(sd, SD_POWERSAVINGS_BALANCE))
		return -1;
	return 0;
}

/*
 * Check this_cpu to ensure it is balanced within domain. Attempt to move
 * tasks if there is an imbalance.
 *
 * Called from schedule when this_rq is about to become idle (NEWLY_IDLE).
 * this_rq is locked.
 */
static int
load_balance_newidle(int this_cpu, struct rq *this_rq, struct sched_domain *sd)
{
	struct sched_group *group;
	struct rq *busiest = NULL;
	unsigned long imbalance;
	int nr_moved = 0;
	int sd_idle = 0;
	cpumask_t cpus = CPU_MASK_ALL;

	/*
	 * When power savings policy is enabled for the parent domain, idle
	 * sibling can pick up load irrespective of busy siblings. In this case,
	 * let the state of idle sibling percolate up as IDLE, instead of
	 * portraying it as NOT_IDLE.
	 */
	if (sd->flags & SD_SHARE_CPUPOWER &&
	    !test_sd_parent(sd, SD_POWERSAVINGS_BALANCE))
		sd_idle = 1;

	schedstat_inc(sd, lb_cnt[NEWLY_IDLE]);
redo:
	group = find_busiest_group(sd, this_cpu, &imbalance, NEWLY_IDLE,
				   &sd_idle, &cpus, NULL);
	if (!group) {
		schedstat_inc(sd, lb_nobusyg[NEWLY_IDLE]);
		goto out_balanced;
	}

	busiest = find_busiest_queue(group, NEWLY_IDLE, imbalance,
				&cpus);
	if (!busiest) {
		schedstat_inc(sd, lb_nobusyq[NEWLY_IDLE]);
		goto out_balanced;
	}

	BUG_ON(busiest == this_rq);

	schedstat_add(sd, lb_imbalance[NEWLY_IDLE], imbalance);

	nr_moved = 0;
	if (busiest->nr_running > 1) {
		/* Attempt to move tasks */
		double_lock_balance(this_rq, busiest);
		nr_moved = move_tasks(this_rq, this_cpu, busiest,
					minus_1_or_zero(busiest->nr_running),
					imbalance, sd, NEWLY_IDLE, NULL);
		spin_unlock(&busiest->lock);

		if (!nr_moved) {
			cpu_clear(cpu_of(busiest), cpus);
			if (!cpus_empty(cpus))
				goto redo;
		}
	}

	if (!nr_moved) {
		schedstat_inc(sd, lb_failed[NEWLY_IDLE]);
		if (!sd_idle && sd->flags & SD_SHARE_CPUPOWER &&
		    !test_sd_parent(sd, SD_POWERSAVINGS_BALANCE))
			return -1;
	} else
		sd->nr_balance_failed = 0;

	return nr_moved;

out_balanced:
	schedstat_inc(sd, lb_balanced[NEWLY_IDLE]);
	if (!sd_idle && sd->flags & SD_SHARE_CPUPOWER &&
	    !test_sd_parent(sd, SD_POWERSAVINGS_BALANCE))
		return -1;
	sd->nr_balance_failed = 0;

	return 0;
}

/*
 * idle_balance is called by schedule() if this_cpu is about to become
 * idle. Attempts to pull tasks from other CPUs.
 */
static void idle_balance(int this_cpu, struct rq *this_rq)
{
	struct sched_domain *sd;
	int pulled_task = 0;
	unsigned long next_balance = jiffies + 60 *  HZ;

	for_each_domain(this_cpu, sd) {
		if (sd->flags & SD_BALANCE_NEWIDLE) {
			/* If we've pulled tasks over stop searching: */
			pulled_task = load_balance_newidle(this_cpu,
							this_rq, sd);
			if (time_after(next_balance,
				  sd->last_balance + sd->balance_interval))
				next_balance = sd->last_balance
						+ sd->balance_interval;
			if (pulled_task)
				break;
		}
	}
	if (!pulled_task)
		/*
		 * We are going idle. next_balance may be set based on
		 * a busy processor. So reset next_balance.
		 */
		this_rq->next_balance = next_balance;
}

/*
 * active_load_balance is run by migration threads. It pushes running tasks
 * off the busiest CPU onto idle CPUs. It requires at least 1 task to be
 * running on each physical CPU where possible, and avoids physical /
 * logical imbalances.
 *
 * Called with busiest_rq locked.
 */
static void active_load_balance(struct rq *busiest_rq, int busiest_cpu)
{
	int target_cpu = busiest_rq->push_cpu;
	struct sched_domain *sd;
	struct rq *target_rq;

	/* Is there any task to move? */
	if (busiest_rq->nr_running <= 1)
		return;

	target_rq = cpu_rq(target_cpu);

	/*
	 * This condition is "impossible", if it occurs
	 * we need to fix it.  Originally reported by
	 * Bjorn Helgaas on a 128-cpu setup.
	 */
	BUG_ON(busiest_rq == target_rq);

	/* move a task from busiest_rq to target_rq */
	double_lock_balance(busiest_rq, target_rq);

	/* Search for an sd spanning us and the target CPU. */
	for_each_domain(target_cpu, sd) {
		if ((sd->flags & SD_LOAD_BALANCE) &&
		    cpu_isset(busiest_cpu, sd->span))
				break;
	}

	if (likely(sd)) {
		schedstat_inc(sd, alb_cnt);

		if (move_tasks(target_rq, target_cpu, busiest_rq, 1,
			       RTPRIO_TO_LOAD_WEIGHT(100), sd, SCHED_IDLE,
			       NULL))
			schedstat_inc(sd, alb_pushed);
		else
			schedstat_inc(sd, alb_failed);
	}
	spin_unlock(&target_rq->lock);
}

static void update_load(struct rq *this_rq)
{
	unsigned long this_load;
	unsigned int i, scale;

	this_load = this_rq->raw_weighted_load;

	/* Update our load: */
	for (i = 0, scale = 1; i < 3; i++, scale += scale) {
		unsigned long old_load, new_load;

		/* scale is effectively 1 << i now, and >> i divides by scale */

		old_load = this_rq->cpu_load[i];
		new_load = this_load;
		/*
		 * Round up the averaging division if load is increasing. This
		 * prevents us from getting stuck on 9 if the load is 10, for
		 * example.
		 */
		if (new_load > old_load)
			new_load += scale-1;
		this_rq->cpu_load[i] = (old_load*(scale-1) + new_load) >> i;
	}
}

/*
 * run_rebalance_domains is triggered when needed from the scheduler tick.
 *
 * It checks each scheduling domain to see if it is due to be balanced,
 * and initiates a balancing operation if so.
 *
 * Balancing parameters are set up in arch_init_sched_domains.
 */
static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(balancing);

static void run_rebalance_domains(struct softirq_action *h)
{
	int this_cpu = smp_processor_id(), balance = 1;
	struct rq *this_rq = cpu_rq(this_cpu);
	unsigned long interval;
	struct sched_domain *sd;
	/*
	 * We are idle if there are no processes running. This
	 * is valid even if we are the idle process (SMT).
	 */
	enum idle_type idle = !this_rq->nr_running ?
				SCHED_IDLE : NOT_IDLE;
	/* Earliest time when we have to call run_rebalance_domains again */
	unsigned long next_balance = jiffies + 60*HZ;

	for_each_domain(this_cpu, sd) {
		if (!(sd->flags & SD_LOAD_BALANCE))
			continue;

		interval = sd->balance_interval;
		if (idle != SCHED_IDLE)
			interval *= sd->busy_factor;

		/* scale ms to jiffies */
		interval = msecs_to_jiffies(interval);
		if (unlikely(!interval))
			interval = 1;

		if (sd->flags & SD_SERIALIZE) {
			if (!spin_trylock(&balancing))
				goto out;
		}

		if (time_after_eq(jiffies, sd->last_balance + interval)) {
			if (load_balance(this_cpu, this_rq, sd, idle, &balance)) {
				/*
				 * We've pulled tasks over so either we're no
				 * longer idle, or one of our SMT siblings is
				 * not idle.
				 */
				idle = NOT_IDLE;
			}
			sd->last_balance = jiffies;
		}
		if (sd->flags & SD_SERIALIZE)
			spin_unlock(&balancing);
out:
		if (time_after(next_balance, sd->last_balance + interval))
			next_balance = sd->last_balance + interval;

		/*
		 * Stop the load balance at this level. There is another
		 * CPU in our sched group which is doing load balancing more
		 * actively.
		 */
		if (!balance)
			break;
	}
	this_rq->next_balance = next_balance;
}
#else
/*
 * on UP we do not need to balance between CPUs:
 */
static inline void idle_balance(int cpu, struct rq *rq)
{
}
#endif

DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct kernel_stat, kstat);

EXPORT_PER_CPU_SYMBOL(kstat);

/*
 * This is called on clock ticks and on context switches.
 * Bank in p->sched_time the ns elapsed since the last tick or switch.
 */
static inline void
update_cpu_clock(struct task_struct *p, struct rq *rq, unsigned long long now)
{
	p->sched_time += now - p->last_ran;
	p->last_ran = rq->most_recent_timestamp = now;
}

/*
 * Return current->sched_time plus any more ns on the sched_clock
 * that have not yet been banked.
 */
unsigned long long current_sched_time(const struct task_struct *p)
{
	unsigned long long ns;
	unsigned long flags;

	local_irq_save(flags);
	ns = p->sched_time + sched_clock() - p->last_ran;
	local_irq_restore(flags);

	return ns;
}

/*
 * We place interactive tasks back into the active array, if possible.
 *
 * To guarantee that this does not starve expired tasks we ignore the
 * interactivity of a task if the first expired task had to wait more
 * than a 'reasonable' amount of time. This deadline timeout is
 * load-dependent, as the frequency of array switched decreases with
 * increasing number of running tasks. We also ignore the interactivity
 * if a better static_prio task has expired:
 */
static inline int expired_starving(struct rq *rq)
{
	if (rq->curr->static_prio > rq->best_expired_prio)
		return 1;
	if (!STARVATION_LIMIT || !rq->expired_timestamp)
		return 0;
	if (jiffies - rq->expired_timestamp > STARVATION_LIMIT * rq->nr_running)
		return 1;
	return 0;
}

/*
 * Account user cpu time to a process.
 * @p: the process that the cpu time gets accounted to
 * @hardirq_offset: the offset to subtract from hardirq_count()
 * @cputime: the cpu time spent in user space since the last update
 */
void account_user_time(struct task_struct *p, cputime_t cputime)
{
	struct cpu_usage_stat *cpustat = &kstat_this_cpu.cpustat;
	cputime64_t tmp;

	p->utime = cputime_add(p->utime, cputime);

	/* Add user time to cpustat. */
	tmp = cputime_to_cputime64(cputime);
	if (TASK_NICE(p) > 0)
		cpustat->nice = cputime64_add(cpustat->nice, tmp);
	else
		cpustat->user = cputime64_add(cpustat->user, tmp);
}

/*
 * Account system cpu time to a process.
 * @p: the process that the cpu time gets accounted to
 * @hardirq_offset: the offset to subtract from hardirq_count()
 * @cputime: the cpu time spent in kernel space since the last update
 */
void account_system_time(struct task_struct *p, int hardirq_offset,
			 cputime_t cputime)
{
	struct cpu_usage_stat *cpustat = &kstat_this_cpu.cpustat;
	struct rq *rq = this_rq();
	cputime64_t tmp;

	p->stime = cputime_add(p->stime, cputime);

	/* Add system time to cpustat. */
	tmp = cputime_to_cputime64(cputime);
	if (hardirq_count() - hardirq_offset)
		cpustat->irq = cputime64_add(cpustat->irq, tmp);
	else if (softirq_count())
		cpustat->softirq = cputime64_add(cpustat->softirq, tmp);
	else if (p != rq->idle)
		cpustat->system = cputime64_add(cpustat->system, tmp);
	else if (atomic_read(&rq->nr_iowait) > 0)
		cpustat->iowait = cputime64_add(cpustat->iowait, tmp);
	else
		cpustat->idle = cputime64_add(cpustat->idle, tmp);
	/* Account for system time used */
	acct_update_integrals(p);
}

/*
 * Account for involuntary wait time.
 * @p: the process from which the cpu time has been stolen
 * @steal: the cpu time spent in involuntary wait
 */
void account_steal_time(struct task_struct *p, cputime_t steal)
{
	struct cpu_usage_stat *cpustat = &kstat_this_cpu.cpustat;
	cputime64_t tmp = cputime_to_cputime64(steal);
	struct rq *rq = this_rq();

	if (p == rq->idle) {
		p->stime = cputime_add(p->stime, steal);
		if (atomic_read(&rq->nr_iowait) > 0)
			cpustat->iowait = cputime64_add(cpustat->iowait, tmp);
		else
			cpustat->idle = cputime64_add(cpustat->idle, tmp);
	} else
		cpustat->steal = cputime64_add(cpustat->steal, tmp);
}

static void task_running_tick(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p)
{
	if (p->array != rq->active) {
		/* Task has expired but was not scheduled yet */
		set_tsk_need_resched(p);
		return;
	}
	spin_lock(&rq->lock);
	/*
	 * The task was running during this tick - update the
	 * time slice counter. Note: we do not update a thread's
	 * priority until it either goes to sleep or uses up its
	 * timeslice. This makes it possible for interactive tasks
	 * to use up their timeslices at their highest priority levels.
	 */
	if (rt_task(p)) {
		/*
		 * RR tasks need a special form of timeslice management.
		 * FIFO tasks have no timeslices.
		 */
		if ((p->policy == SCHED_RR) && !--p->time_slice) {
			p->time_slice = task_timeslice(p);
			p->first_time_slice = 0;
			set_tsk_need_resched(p);

			/* put it at the end of the queue: */
			requeue_task(p, rq->active);
		}
		goto out_unlock;
	}
	if (!--p->time_slice) {
		dequeue_task(p, rq->active);
		set_tsk_need_resched(p);
		p->prio = effective_prio(p);
		p->time_slice = task_timeslice(p);
		p->first_time_slice = 0;

		if (!rq->expired_timestamp)
			rq->expired_timestamp = jiffies;
		if (!TASK_INTERACTIVE(p) || expired_starving(rq)) {
			enqueue_task(p, rq->expired);
			if (p->static_prio < rq->best_expired_prio)
				rq->best_expired_prio = p->static_prio;
		} else
			enqueue_task(p, rq->active);
	} else {
		/*
		 * Prevent a too long timeslice allowing a task to monopolize
		 * the CPU. We do this by splitting up the timeslice into
		 * smaller pieces.
		 *
		 * Note: this does not mean the task's timeslices expire or
		 * get lost in any way, they just might be preempted by
		 * another task of equal priority. (one with higher
		 * priority would have preempted this task already.) We
		 * requeue this task to the end of the list on this priority
		 * level, which is in essence a round-robin of tasks with
		 * equal priority.
		 *
		 * This only applies to tasks in the interactive
		 * delta range with at least TIMESLICE_GRANULARITY to requeue.
		 */
		if (TASK_INTERACTIVE(p) && !((task_timeslice(p) -
			p->time_slice) % TIMESLICE_GRANULARITY(p)) &&
			(p->time_slice >= TIMESLICE_GRANULARITY(p)) &&
			(p->array == rq->active)) {

			requeue_task(p, rq->active);
			set_tsk_need_resched(p);
		}
	}
out_unlock:
	spin_unlock(&rq->lock);
}

/*
 * This function gets called by the timer code, with HZ frequency.
 * We call it with interrupts disabled.
 *
 * It also gets called by the fork code, when changing the parent's
 * timeslices.
 */
void scheduler_tick(void)
{
	unsigned long long now = sched_clock();
	struct task_struct *p = current;
	int cpu = smp_processor_id();
	struct rq *rq = cpu_rq(cpu);

	update_cpu_clock(p, rq, now);

	if (p != rq->idle)
		task_running_tick(rq, p);
#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
	update_load(rq);
	if (time_after_eq(jiffies, rq->next_balance))
		raise_softirq(SCHED_SOFTIRQ);
#endif
}

#if defined(CONFIG_PREEMPT) && defined(CONFIG_DEBUG_PREEMPT)

void fastcall add_preempt_count(int val)
{
	/*
	 * Underflow?
	 */
	if (DEBUG_LOCKS_WARN_ON((preempt_count() < 0)))
		return;
	preempt_count() += val;
	/*
	 * Spinlock count overflowing soon?
	 */
	DEBUG_LOCKS_WARN_ON((preempt_count() & PREEMPT_MASK) >=
				PREEMPT_MASK - 10);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(add_preempt_count);

void fastcall sub_preempt_count(int val)
{
	/*
	 * Underflow?
	 */
	if (DEBUG_LOCKS_WARN_ON(val > preempt_count()))
		return;
	/*
	 * Is the spinlock portion underflowing?
	 */
	if (DEBUG_LOCKS_WARN_ON((val < PREEMPT_MASK) &&
			!(preempt_count() & PREEMPT_MASK)))
		return;

	preempt_count() -= val;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(sub_preempt_count);

#endif

static inline int interactive_sleep(enum sleep_type sleep_type)
{
	return (sleep_type == SLEEP_INTERACTIVE ||
		sleep_type == SLEEP_INTERRUPTED);
}

/*
 * schedule() is the main scheduler function.
 */
asmlinkage void __sched schedule(void)
{
	struct task_struct *prev, *next;
	struct prio_array *array;
	struct list_head *queue;
	unsigned long long now;
	unsigned long run_time;
	int cpu, idx, new_prio;
	long *switch_count;
	struct rq *rq;

	/*
	 * Test if we are atomic.  Since do_exit() needs to call into
	 * schedule() atomically, we ignore that path for now.
	 * Otherwise, whine if we are scheduling when we should not be.
	 */
	if (unlikely(in_atomic() && !current->exit_state)) {
		printk(KERN_ERR "BUG: scheduling while atomic: "
			"%s/0x%08x/%d\n",
			current->comm, preempt_count(), current->pid);
		debug_show_held_locks(current);
		if (irqs_disabled())
			print_irqtrace_events(current);
		dump_stack();
	}
	profile_hit(SCHED_PROFILING, __builtin_return_address(0));

need_resched:
	preempt_disable();
	prev = current;
	release_kernel_lock(prev);
need_resched_nonpreemptible:
	rq = this_rq();

	/*
	 * The idle thread is not allowed to schedule!
	 * Remove this check after it has been exercised a bit.
	 */
	if (unlikely(prev == rq->idle) && prev->state != TASK_RUNNING) {
		printk(KERN_ERR "bad: scheduling from the idle thread!\n");
		dump_stack();
	}

	schedstat_inc(rq, sched_cnt);
	now = sched_clock();
	if (likely((long long)(now - prev->timestamp) < NS_MAX_SLEEP_AVG)) {
		run_time = now - prev->timestamp;
		if (unlikely((long long)(now - prev->timestamp) < 0))
			run_time = 0;
	} else
		run_time = NS_MAX_SLEEP_AVG;

	/*
	 * Tasks charged proportionately less run_time at high sleep_avg to
	 * delay them losing their interactive status
	 */
	run_time /= (CURRENT_BONUS(prev) ? : 1);

	spin_lock_irq(&rq->lock);

	switch_count = &prev->nivcsw;
	if (prev->state && !(preempt_count() & PREEMPT_ACTIVE)) {
		switch_count = &prev->nvcsw;
		if (unlikely((prev->state & TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE) &&
				unlikely(signal_pending(prev))))
			prev->state = TASK_RUNNING;
		else {
			if (prev->state == TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE)
				rq->nr_uninterruptible++;
			deactivate_task(prev, rq);
		}
	}

	cpu = smp_processor_id();
	if (unlikely(!rq->nr_running)) {
		idle_balance(cpu, rq);
		if (!rq->nr_running) {
			next = rq->idle;
			rq->expired_timestamp = 0;
			goto switch_tasks;
		}
	}

	array = rq->active;
	if (unlikely(!array->nr_active)) {
		/*
		 * Switch the active and expired arrays.
		 */
		schedstat_inc(rq, sched_switch);
		rq->active = rq->expired;
		rq->expired = array;
		array = rq->active;
		rq->expired_timestamp = 0;
		rq->best_expired_prio = MAX_PRIO;
	}

	idx = sched_find_first_bit(array->bitmap);
	queue = array->queue + idx;
	next = list_entry(queue->next, struct task_struct, run_list);

	if (!rt_task(next) && interactive_sleep(next->sleep_type)) {
		unsigned long long delta = now - next->timestamp;
		if (unlikely((long long)(now - next->timestamp) < 0))
			delta = 0;

		if (next->sleep_type == SLEEP_INTERACTIVE)
			delta = delta * (ON_RUNQUEUE_WEIGHT * 128 / 100) / 128;

		array = next->array;
		new_prio = recalc_task_prio(next, next->timestamp + delta);

		if (unlikely(next->prio != new_prio)) {
			dequeue_task(next, array);
			next->prio = new_prio;
			enqueue_task(next, array);
		}
	}
	next->sleep_type = SLEEP_NORMAL;
switch_tasks:
	if (next == rq->idle)
		schedstat_inc(rq, sched_goidle);
	prefetch(next);
	prefetch_stack(next);
	clear_tsk_need_resched(prev);
	rcu_qsctr_inc(task_cpu(prev));

	update_cpu_clock(prev, rq, now);

	prev->sleep_avg -= run_time;
	if ((long)prev->sleep_avg <= 0)
		prev->sleep_avg = 0;
	prev->timestamp = prev->last_ran = now;

	sched_info_switch(prev, next);
	if (likely(prev != next)) {
		next->timestamp = next->last_ran = now;
		rq->nr_switches++;
		rq->curr = next;
		++*switch_count;

		prepare_task_switch(rq, next);
		prev = context_switch(rq, prev, next);
		barrier();
		/*
		 * this_rq must be evaluated again because prev may have moved
		 * CPUs since it called schedule(), thus the 'rq' on its stack
		 * frame will be invalid.
		 */
		finish_task_switch(this_rq(), prev);
	} else
		spin_unlock_irq(&rq->lock);

	prev = current;
	if (unlikely(reacquire_kernel_lock(prev) < 0))
		goto need_resched_nonpreemptible;
	preempt_enable_no_resched();
	if (unlikely(test_thread_flag(TIF_NEED_RESCHED)))
		goto need_resched;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(schedule);

#ifdef CONFIG_PREEMPT
/*
 * this is the entry point to schedule() from in-kernel preemption
 * off of preempt_enable.  Kernel preemptions off return from interrupt
 * occur there and call schedule directly.
 */
asmlinkage void __sched preempt_schedule(void)
{
	struct thread_info *ti = current_thread_info();
#ifdef CONFIG_PREEMPT_BKL
	struct task_struct *task = current;
	int saved_lock_depth;
#endif
	/*
	 * If there is a non-zero preempt_count or interrupts are disabled,
	 * we do not want to preempt the current task.  Just return..
	 */
	if (likely(ti->preempt_count || irqs_disabled()))
		return;

need_resched:
	add_preempt_count(PREEMPT_ACTIVE);
	/*
	 * We keep the big kernel semaphore locked, but we
	 * clear ->lock_depth so that schedule() doesnt
	 * auto-release the semaphore:
	 */
#ifdef CONFIG_PREEMPT_BKL
	saved_lock_depth = task->lock_depth;
	task->lock_depth = -1;
#endif
	schedule();
#ifdef CONFIG_PREEMPT_BKL
	task->lock_depth = saved_lock_depth;
#endif
	sub_preempt_count(PREEMPT_ACTIVE);

	/* we could miss a preemption opportunity between schedule and now */
	barrier();
	if (unlikely(test_thread_flag(TIF_NEED_RESCHED)))
		goto need_resched;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(preempt_schedule);

/*
 * this is the entry point to schedule() from kernel preemption
 * off of irq context.
 * Note, that this is called and return with irqs disabled. This will
 * protect us against recursive calling from irq.
 */
asmlinkage void __sched preempt_schedule_irq(void)
{
	struct thread_info *ti = current_thread_info();
#ifdef CONFIG_PREEMPT_BKL
	struct task_struct *task = current;
	int saved_lock_depth;
#endif
	/* Catch callers which need to be fixed */
	BUG_ON(ti->preempt_count || !irqs_disabled());

need_resched:
	add_preempt_count(PREEMPT_ACTIVE);
	/*
	 * We keep the big kernel semaphore locked, but we
	 * clear ->lock_depth so that schedule() doesnt
	 * auto-release the semaphore:
	 */
#ifdef CONFIG_PREEMPT_BKL
	saved_lock_depth = task->lock_depth;
	task->lock_depth = -1;
#endif
	local_irq_enable();
	schedule();
	local_irq_disable();
#ifdef CONFIG_PREEMPT_BKL
	task->lock_depth = saved_lock_depth;
#endif
	sub_preempt_count(PREEMPT_ACTIVE);

	/* we could miss a preemption opportunity between schedule and now */
	barrier();
	if (unlikely(test_thread_flag(TIF_NEED_RESCHED)))
		goto need_resched;
}

#endif /* CONFIG_PREEMPT */

int default_wake_function(wait_queue_t *curr, unsigned mode, int sync,
			  void *key)
{
	return try_to_wake_up(curr->private, mode, sync);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(default_wake_function);

/*
 * The core wakeup function.  Non-exclusive wakeups (nr_exclusive == 0) just
 * wake everything up.  If it's an exclusive wakeup (nr_exclusive == small +ve
 * number) then we wake all the non-exclusive tasks and one exclusive task.
 *
 * There are circumstances in which we can try to wake a task which has already
 * started to run but is not in state TASK_RUNNING.  try_to_wake_up() returns
 * zero in this (rare) case, and we handle it by continuing to scan the queue.
 */
static void __wake_up_common(wait_queue_head_t *q, unsigned int mode,
			     int nr_exclusive, int sync, void *key)
{
	struct list_head *tmp, *next;

	list_for_each_safe(tmp, next, &q->task_list) {
		wait_queue_t *curr = list_entry(tmp, wait_queue_t, task_list);
		unsigned flags = curr->flags;

		if (curr->func(curr, mode, sync, key) &&
				(flags & WQ_FLAG_EXCLUSIVE) && !--nr_exclusive)
			break;
	}
}

/**
 * __wake_up - wake up threads blocked on a waitqueue.
 * @q: the waitqueue
 * @mode: which threads
 * @nr_exclusive: how many wake-one or wake-many threads to wake up
 * @key: is directly passed to the wakeup function
 */
void fastcall __wake_up(wait_queue_head_t *q, unsigned int mode,
			int nr_exclusive, void *key)
{
	unsigned long flags;

	spin_lock_irqsave(&q->lock, flags);
	__wake_up_common(q, mode, nr_exclusive, 0, key);
	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&q->lock, flags);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(__wake_up);

/*
 * Same as __wake_up but called with the spinlock in wait_queue_head_t held.
 */
void fastcall __wake_up_locked(wait_queue_head_t *q, unsigned int mode)
{
	__wake_up_common(q, mode, 1, 0, NULL);
}

/**
 * __wake_up_sync - wake up threads blocked on a waitqueue.
 * @q: the waitqueue
 * @mode: which threads
 * @nr_exclusive: how many wake-one or wake-many threads to wake up
 *
 * The sync wakeup differs that the waker knows that it will schedule
 * away soon, so while the target thread will be woken up, it will not
 * be migrated to another CPU - ie. the two threads are 'synchronized'
 * with each other. This can prevent needless bouncing between CPUs.
 *
 * On UP it can prevent extra preemption.
 */
void fastcall
__wake_up_sync(wait_queue_head_t *q, unsigned int mode, int nr_exclusive)
{
	unsigned long flags;
	int sync = 1;

	if (unlikely(!q))
		return;

	if (unlikely(!nr_exclusive))
		sync = 0;

	spin_lock_irqsave(&q->lock, flags);
	__wake_up_common(q, mode, nr_exclusive, sync, NULL);
	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&q->lock, flags);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__wake_up_sync);	/* For internal use only */

void fastcall complete(struct completion *x)
{
	unsigned long flags;

	spin_lock_irqsave(&x->wait.lock, flags);
	x->done++;
	__wake_up_common(&x->wait, TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE | TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE,
			 1, 0, NULL);
	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&x->wait.lock, flags);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(complete);

void fastcall complete_all(struct completion *x)
{
	unsigned long flags;

	spin_lock_irqsave(&x->wait.lock, flags);
	x->done += UINT_MAX/2;
	__wake_up_common(&x->wait, TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE | TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE,
			 0, 0, NULL);
	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&x->wait.lock, flags);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(complete_all);

void fastcall __sched wait_for_completion(struct completion *x)
{
	might_sleep();

	spin_lock_irq(&x->wait.lock);
	if (!x->done) {
		DECLARE_WAITQUEUE(wait, current);

		wait.flags |= WQ_FLAG_EXCLUSIVE;
		__add_wait_queue_tail(&x->wait, &wait);
		do {
			__set_current_state(TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
			spin_unlock_irq(&x->wait.lock);
			schedule();
			spin_lock_irq(&x->wait.lock);
		} while (!x->done);
		__remove_wait_queue(&x->wait, &wait);
	}
	x->done--;
	spin_unlock_irq(&x->wait.lock);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(wait_for_completion);

unsigned long fastcall __sched
wait_for_completion_timeout(struct completion *x, unsigned long timeout)
{
	might_sleep();

	spin_lock_irq(&x->wait.lock);
	if (!x->done) {
		DECLARE_WAITQUEUE(wait, current);

		wait.flags |= WQ_FLAG_EXCLUSIVE;
		__add_wait_queue_tail(&x->wait, &wait);
		do {
			__set_current_state(TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
			spin_unlock_irq(&x->wait.lock);
			timeout = schedule_timeout(timeout);
			spin_lock_irq(&x->wait.lock);
			if (!timeout) {
				__remove_wait_queue(&x->wait, &wait);
				goto out;
			}
		} while (!x->done);
		__remove_wait_queue(&x->wait, &wait);
	}
	x->done--;
out:
	spin_unlock_irq(&x->wait.lock);
	return timeout;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(wait_for_completion_timeout);

int fastcall __sched wait_for_completion_interruptible(struct completion *x)
{
	int ret = 0;

	might_sleep();

	spin_lock_irq(&x->wait.lock);
	if (!x->done) {
		DECLARE_WAITQUEUE(wait, current);

		wait.flags |= WQ_FLAG_EXCLUSIVE;
		__add_wait_queue_tail(&x->wait, &wait);
		do {
			if (signal_pending(current)) {
				ret = -ERESTARTSYS;
				__remove_wait_queue(&x->wait, &wait);
				goto out;
			}
			__set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
			spin_unlock_irq(&x->wait.lock);
			schedule();
			spin_lock_irq(&x->wait.lock);
		} while (!x->done);
		__remove_wait_queue(&x->wait, &wait);
	}
	x->done--;
out:
	spin_unlock_irq(&x->wait.lock);

	return ret;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(wait_for_completion_interruptible);

unsigned long fastcall __sched
wait_for_completion_interruptible_timeout(struct completion *x,
					  unsigned long timeout)
{
	might_sleep();

	spin_lock_irq(&x->wait.lock);
	if (!x->done) {
		DECLARE_WAITQUEUE(wait, current);

		wait.flags |= WQ_FLAG_EXCLUSIVE;
		__add_wait_queue_tail(&x->wait, &wait);
		do {
			if (signal_pending(current)) {
				timeout = -ERESTARTSYS;
				__remove_wait_queue(&x->wait, &wait);
				goto out;
			}
			__set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
			spin_unlock_irq(&x->wait.lock);
			timeout = schedule_timeout(timeout);
			spin_lock_irq(&x->wait.lock);
			if (!timeout) {
				__remove_wait_queue(&x->wait, &wait);
				goto out;
			}
		} while (!x->done);
		__remove_wait_queue(&x->wait, &wait);
	}
	x->done--;
out:
	spin_unlock_irq(&x->wait.lock);
	return timeout;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(wait_for_completion_interruptible_timeout);


#define	SLEEP_ON_VAR					\
	unsigned long flags;				\
	wait_queue_t wait;				\
	init_waitqueue_entry(&wait, current);

#define SLEEP_ON_HEAD					\
	spin_lock_irqsave(&q->lock,flags);		\
	__add_wait_queue(q, &wait);			\
	spin_unlock(&q->lock);

#define	SLEEP_ON_TAIL					\
	spin_lock_irq(&q->lock);			\
	__remove_wait_queue(q, &wait);			\
	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&q->lock, flags);

void fastcall __sched interruptible_sleep_on(wait_queue_head_t *q)
{
	SLEEP_ON_VAR

	current->state = TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE;

	SLEEP_ON_HEAD
	schedule();
	SLEEP_ON_TAIL
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(interruptible_sleep_on);

long fastcall __sched
interruptible_sleep_on_timeout(wait_queue_head_t *q, long timeout)
{
	SLEEP_ON_VAR

	current->state = TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE;

	SLEEP_ON_HEAD
	timeout = schedule_timeout(timeout);
	SLEEP_ON_TAIL

	return timeout;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(interruptible_sleep_on_timeout);

void fastcall __sched sleep_on(wait_queue_head_t *q)
{
	SLEEP_ON_VAR

	current->state = TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE;

	SLEEP_ON_HEAD
	schedule();
	SLEEP_ON_TAIL
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(sleep_on);

long fastcall __sched sleep_on_timeout(wait_queue_head_t *q, long timeout)
{
	SLEEP_ON_VAR

	current->state = TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE;

	SLEEP_ON_HEAD
	timeout = schedule_timeout(timeout);
	SLEEP_ON_TAIL

	return timeout;
}

EXPORT_SYMBOL(sleep_on_timeout);

#ifdef CONFIG_RT_MUTEXES

/*
 * rt_mutex_setprio - set the current priority of a task
 * @p: task
 * @prio: prio value (kernel-internal form)
 *
 * This function changes the 'effective' priority of a task. It does
 * not touch ->normal_prio like __setscheduler().
 *
 * Used by the rt_mutex code to implement priority inheritance logic.
 */
void rt_mutex_setprio(struct task_struct *p, int prio)
{
	struct prio_array *array;
	unsigned long flags;
	struct rq *rq;
	int oldprio;

	BUG_ON(prio < 0 || prio > MAX_PRIO);

	rq = task_rq_lock(p, &flags);

	oldprio = p->prio;
	array = p->array;
	if (array)
		dequeue_task(p, array);
	p->prio = prio;

	if (array) {
		/*
		 * If changing to an RT priority then queue it
		 * in the active array!
		 */
		if (rt_task(p))
			array = rq->active;
		enqueue_task(p, array);
		/*
		 * Reschedule if we are currently running on this runqueue and
		 * our priority decreased, or if we are not currently running on
		 * this runqueue and our priority is higher than the current's
		 */
		if (task_running(rq, p)) {
			if (p->prio > oldprio)
				resched_task(rq->curr);
		} else if (TASK_PREEMPTS_CURR(p, rq))
			resched_task(rq->curr);
	}
	task_rq_unlock(rq, &flags);
}

#endif

void set_user_nice(struct task_struct *p, long nice)
{
	struct prio_array *array;
	int old_prio, delta;
	unsigned long flags;
	struct rq *rq;

	if (TASK_NICE(p) == nice || nice < -20 || nice > 19)
		return;
	/*
	 * We have to be careful, if called from sys_setpriority(),
	 * the task might be in the middle of scheduling on another CPU.
	 */
	rq = task_rq_lock(p, &flags);
	/*
	 * The RT priorities are set via sched_setscheduler(), but we still
	 * allow the 'normal' nice value to be set - but as expected
	 * it wont have any effect on scheduling until the task is
	 * not SCHED_NORMAL/SCHED_BATCH:
	 */
	if (has_rt_policy(p)) {
		p->static_prio = NICE_TO_PRIO(nice);
		goto out_unlock;
	}
	array = p->array;
	if (array) {
		dequeue_task(p, array);
		dec_raw_weighted_load(rq, p);
	}

	p->static_prio = NICE_TO_PRIO(nice);
	set_load_weight(p);
	old_prio = p->prio;
	p->prio = effective_prio(p);
	delta = p->prio - old_prio;

	if (array) {
		enqueue_task(p, array);
		inc_raw_weighted_load(rq, p);
		/*
		 * If the task increased its priority or is running and
		 * lowered its priority, then reschedule its CPU:
		 */
		if (delta < 0 || (delta > 0 && task_running(rq, p)))
			resched_task(rq->curr);
	}
out_unlock:
	task_rq_unlock(rq, &flags);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(set_user_nice);

/*
 * can_nice - check if a task can reduce its nice value
 * @p: task
 * @nice: nice value
 */
int can_nice(const struct task_struct *p, const int nice)
{
	/* convert nice value [19,-20] to rlimit style value [1,40] */
	int nice_rlim = 20 - nice;

	return (nice_rlim <= p->signal->rlim[RLIMIT_NICE].rlim_cur ||
		capable(CAP_SYS_NICE));
}

#ifdef __ARCH_WANT_SYS_NICE

/*
 * sys_nice - change the priority of the current process.
 * @increment: priority increment
 *
 * sys_setpriority is a more generic, but much slower function that
 * does similar things.
 */
asmlinkage long sys_nice(int increment)
{
	long nice, retval;

	/*
	 * Setpriority might change our priority at the same moment.
	 * We don't have to worry. Conceptually one call occurs first
	 * and we have a single winner.
	 */
	if (increment < -40)
		increment = -40;
	if (increment > 40)
		increment = 40;

	nice = PRIO_TO_NICE(current->static_prio) + increment;
	if (nice < -20)
		nice = -20;
	if (nice > 19)
		nice = 19;

	if (increment < 0 && !can_nice(current, nice))
		return -EPERM;

	retval = security_task_setnice(current, nice);
	if (retval)
		return retval;

	set_user_nice(current, nice);
	return 0;
}

#endif

/**
 * task_prio - return the priority value of a given task.
 * @p: the task in question.
 *
 * This is the priority value as seen by users in /proc.
 * RT tasks are offset by -200. Normal tasks are centered
 * around 0, value goes from -16 to +15.
 */
int task_prio(const struct task_struct *p)
{
	return p->prio - MAX_RT_PRIO;
}

/**
 * task_nice - return the nice value of a given task.
 * @p: the task in question.
 */
int task_nice(const struct task_struct *p)
{
	return TASK_NICE(p);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(task_nice);

/**
 * idle_cpu - is a given cpu idle currently?
 * @cpu: the processor in question.
 */
int idle_cpu(int cpu)
{
	return cpu_curr(cpu) == cpu_rq(cpu)->idle;
}

/**
 * idle_task - return the idle task for a given cpu.
 * @cpu: the processor in question.
 */
struct task_struct *idle_task(int cpu)
{
	return cpu_rq(cpu)->idle;
}

/**
 * find_process_by_pid - find a process with a matching PID value.
 * @pid: the pid in question.
 */
static inline struct task_struct *find_process_by_pid(pid_t pid)
{
	return pid ? find_task_by_pid(pid) : current;
}

/* Actually do priority change: must hold rq lock. */
static void __setscheduler(struct task_struct *p, int policy, int prio)
{
	BUG_ON(p->array);

	p->policy = policy;
	p->rt_priority = prio;
	p->normal_prio = normal_prio(p);
	/* we are holding p->pi_lock already */
	p->prio = rt_mutex_getprio(p);
	/*
	 * SCHED_BATCH tasks are treated as perpetual CPU hogs:
	 */
	if (policy == SCHED_BATCH)
		p->sleep_avg = 0;
	set_load_weight(p);
}

/**
 * sched_setscheduler - change the scheduling policy and/or RT priority of a thread.
 * @p: the task in question.
 * @policy: new policy.
 * @param: structure containing the new RT priority.
 *
 * NOTE that the task may be already dead.
 */
int sched_setscheduler(struct task_struct *p, int policy,
		       struct sched_param *param)
{
	int retval, oldprio, oldpolicy = -1;
	struct prio_array *array;
	unsigned long flags;
	struct rq *rq;

	/* may grab non-irq protected spin_locks */
	BUG_ON(in_interrupt());
recheck:
	/* double check policy once rq lock held */
	if (policy < 0)
		policy = oldpolicy = p->policy;
	else if (policy != SCHED_FIFO && policy != SCHED_RR &&
			policy != SCHED_NORMAL && policy != SCHED_BATCH)
		return -EINVAL;
	/*
	 * Valid priorities for SCHED_FIFO and SCHED_RR are
	 * 1..MAX_USER_RT_PRIO-1, valid priority for SCHED_NORMAL and
	 * SCHED_BATCH is 0.
	 */
	if (param->sched_priority < 0 ||
	    (p->mm && param->sched_priority > MAX_USER_RT_PRIO-1) ||
	    (!p->mm && param->sched_priority > MAX_RT_PRIO-1))
		return -EINVAL;
	if (is_rt_policy(policy) != (param->sched_priority != 0))
		return -EINVAL;

	/*
	 * Allow unprivileged RT tasks to decrease priority:
	 */
	if (!capable(CAP_SYS_NICE)) {
		if (is_rt_policy(policy)) {
			unsigned long rlim_rtprio;
			unsigned long flags;

			if (!lock_task_sighand(p, &flags))
				return -ESRCH;
			rlim_rtprio = p->signal->rlim[RLIMIT_RTPRIO].rlim_cur;
			unlock_task_sighand(p, &flags);

			/* can't set/change the rt policy */
			if (policy != p->policy && !rlim_rtprio)
				return -EPERM;

			/* can't increase priority */
			if (param->sched_priority > p->rt_priority &&
			    param->sched_priority > rlim_rtprio)
				return -EPERM;
		}

		/* can't change other user's priorities */
		if ((current->euid != p->euid) &&
		    (current->euid != p->uid))
			return -EPERM;
	}

	retval = security_task_setscheduler(p, policy, param);
	if (retval)
		return retval;
	/*
	 * make sure no PI-waiters arrive (or leave) while we are
	 * changing the priority of the task:
	 */
	spin_lock_irqsave(&p->pi_lock, flags);
	/*
	 * To be able to change p->policy safely, the apropriate
	 * runqueue lock must be held.
	 */
	rq = __task_rq_lock(p);
	/* recheck policy now with rq lock held */
	if (unlikely(oldpolicy != -1 && oldpolicy != p->policy)) {
		policy = oldpolicy = -1;
		__task_rq_unlock(rq);
		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&p->pi_lock, flags);
		goto recheck;
	}
	array = p->array;
	if (array)
		deactivate_task(p, rq);
	oldprio = p->prio;
	__setscheduler(p, policy, param->sched_priority);
	if (array) {
		__activate_task(p, rq);
		/*
		 * Reschedule if we are currently running on this runqueue and
		 * our priority decreased, or if we are not currently running on
		 * this runqueue and our priority is higher than the current's
		 */
		if (task_running(rq, p)) {
			if (p->prio > oldprio)
				resched_task(rq->curr);
		} else if (TASK_PREEMPTS_CURR(p, rq))
			resched_task(rq->curr);
	}
	__task_rq_unlock(rq);
	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&p->pi_lock, flags);

	rt_mutex_adjust_pi(p);

	return 0;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(sched_setscheduler);

static int
do_sched_setscheduler(pid_t pid, int policy, struct sched_param __user *param)
{
	struct sched_param lparam;
	struct task_struct *p;
	int retval;

	if (!param || pid < 0)
		return -EINVAL;
	if (copy_from_user(&lparam, param, sizeof(struct sched_param)))
		return -EFAULT;

	rcu_read_lock();
	retval = -ESRCH;
	p = find_process_by_pid(pid);
	if (p != NULL)
		retval = sched_setscheduler(p, policy, &lparam);
	rcu_read_unlock();

	return retval;
}

/**
 * sys_sched_setscheduler - set/change the scheduler policy and RT priority
 * @pid: the pid in question.
 * @policy: new policy.
 * @param: structure containing the new RT priority.
 */
asmlinkage long sys_sched_setscheduler(pid_t pid, int policy,
				       struct sched_param __user *param)
{
	/* negative values for policy are not valid */
	if (policy < 0)
		return -EINVAL;

	return do_sched_setscheduler(pid, policy, param);
}

/**
 * sys_sched_setparam - set/change the RT priority of a thread
 * @pid: the pid in question.
 * @param: structure containing the new RT priority.
 */
asmlinkage long sys_sched_setparam(pid_t pid, struct sched_param __user *param)
{
	return do_sched_setscheduler(pid, -1, param);
}

/**
 * sys_sched_getscheduler - get the policy (scheduling class) of a thread
 * @pid: the pid in question.
 */
asmlinkage long sys_sched_getscheduler(pid_t pid)
{
	struct task_struct *p;
	int retval = -EINVAL;

	if (pid < 0)
		goto out_nounlock;

	retval = -ESRCH;
	read_lock(&tasklist_lock);
	p = find_process_by_pid(pid);
	if (p) {
		retval = security_task_getscheduler(p);
		if (!retval)
			retval = p->policy;
	}
	read_unlock(&tasklist_lock);

out_nounlock:
	return retval;
}

/**
 * sys_sched_getscheduler - get the RT priority of a thread
 * @pid: the pid in question.
 * @param: structure containing the RT priority.
 */
asmlinkage long sys_sched_getparam(pid_t pid, struct sched_param __user *param)
{
	struct sched_param lp;
	struct task_struct *p;
	int retval = -EINVAL;

	if (!param || pid < 0)
		goto out_nounlock;

	read_lock(&tasklist_lock);
	p = find_process_by_pid(pid);
	retval = -ESRCH;
	if (!p)
		goto out_unlock;

	retval = security_task_getscheduler(p);
	if (retval)
		goto out_unlock;

	lp.sched_priority = p->rt_priority;
	read_unlock(&tasklist_lock);

	/*
	 * This one might sleep, we cannot do it with a spinlock held ...
	 */
	retval = copy_to_user(param, &lp, sizeof(*param)) ? -EFAULT : 0;

out_nounlock:
	return retval;

out_unlock:
	read_unlock(&tasklist_lock);
	return retval;
}

long sched_setaffinity(pid_t pid, cpumask_t new_mask)
{
	cpumask_t cpus_allowed;
	struct task_struct *p;
	int retval;

	lock_cpu_hotplug();
	read_lock(&tasklist_lock);

	p = find_process_by_pid(pid);
	if (!p) {
		read_unlock(&tasklist_lock);
		unlock_cpu_hotplug();
		return -ESRCH;
	}

	/*
	 * It is not safe to call set_cpus_allowed with the
	 * tasklist_lock held.  We will bump the task_struct's
	 * usage count and then drop tasklist_lock.
	 */
	get_task_struct(p);
	read_unlock(&tasklist_lock);

	retval = -EPERM;
	if ((current->euid != p->euid) && (current->euid != p->uid) &&
			!capable(CAP_SYS_NICE))
		goto out_unlock;

	retval = security_task_setscheduler(p, 0, NULL);
	if (retval)
		goto out_unlock;

	cpus_allowed = cpuset_cpus_allowed(p);
	cpus_and(new_mask, new_mask, cpus_allowed);
	retval = set_cpus_allowed(p, new_mask);

out_unlock:
	put_task_struct(p);
	unlock_cpu_hotplug();
	return retval;
}

static int get_user_cpu_mask(unsigned long __user *user_mask_ptr, unsigned len,
			     cpumask_t *new_mask)
{
	if (len < sizeof(cpumask_t)) {
		memset(new_mask, 0, sizeof(cpumask_t));
	} else if (len > sizeof(cpumask_t)) {
		len = sizeof(cpumask_t);
	}
	return copy_from_user(new_mask, user_mask_ptr, len) ? -EFAULT : 0;
}

/**
 * sys_sched_setaffinity - set the cpu affinity of a process
 * @pid: pid of the process
 * @len: length in bytes of the bitmask pointed to by user_mask_ptr
 * @user_mask_ptr: user-space pointer to the new cpu mask
 */
asmlinkage long sys_sched_setaffinity(pid_t pid, unsigned int len,
				      unsigned long __user *user_mask_ptr)
{
	cpumask_t new_mask;
	int retval;

	retval = get_user_cpu_mask(user_mask_ptr, len, &new_mask);
	if (retval)
		return retval;

	return sched_setaffinity(pid, new_mask);
}

/*
 * Represents all cpu's present in the system
 * In systems capable of hotplug, this map could dynamically grow
 * as new cpu's are detected in the system via any platform specific
 * method, such as ACPI for e.g.
 */

cpumask_t cpu_present_map __read_mostly;
EXPORT_SYMBOL(cpu_present_map);

#ifndef CONFIG_SMP
cpumask_t cpu_online_map __read_mostly = CPU_MASK_ALL;
EXPORT_SYMBOL(cpu_online_map);

cpumask_t cpu_possible_map __read_mostly = CPU_MASK_ALL;
EXPORT_SYMBOL(cpu_possible_map);
#endif

long sched_getaffinity(pid_t pid, cpumask_t *mask)
{
	struct task_struct *p;
	int retval;

	lock_cpu_hotplug();
	read_lock(&tasklist_lock);

	retval = -ESRCH;
	p = find_process_by_pid(pid);
	if (!p)
		goto out_unlock;

	retval = security_task_getscheduler(p);
	if (retval)
		goto out_unlock;

	cpus_and(*mask, p->cpus_allowed, cpu_online_map);

out_unlock:
	read_unlock(&tasklist_lock);
	unlock_cpu_hotplug();
	if (retval)
		return retval;

	return 0;
}

/**
 * sys_sched_getaffinity - get the cpu affinity of a process
 * @pid: pid of the process
 * @len: length in bytes of the bitmask pointed to by user_mask_ptr
 * @user_mask_ptr: user-space pointer to hold the current cpu mask
 */
asmlinkage long sys_sched_getaffinity(pid_t pid, unsigned int len,
				      unsigned long __user *user_mask_ptr)
{
	int ret;
	cpumask_t mask;

	if (len < sizeof(cpumask_t))
		return -EINVAL;

	ret = sched_getaffinity(pid, &mask);
	if (ret < 0)
		return ret;

	if (copy_to_user(user_mask_ptr, &mask, sizeof(cpumask_t)))
		return -EFAULT;

	return sizeof(cpumask_t);
}

/**
 * sys_sched_yield - yield the current processor to other threads.
 *
 * This function yields the current CPU by moving the calling thread
 * to the expired array. If there are no other threads running on this
 * CPU then this function will return.
 */
asmlinkage long sys_sched_yield(void)
{
	struct rq *rq = this_rq_lock();
	struct prio_array *array = current->array, *target = rq->expired;

	schedstat_inc(rq, yld_cnt);
	/*
	 * We implement yielding by moving the task into the expired
	 * queue.
	 *
	 * (special rule: RT tasks will just roundrobin in the active
	 *  array.)
	 */
	if (rt_task(current))
		target = rq->active;

	if (array->nr_active == 1) {
		schedstat_inc(rq, yld_act_empty);
		if (!rq->expired->nr_active)
			schedstat_inc(rq, yld_both_empty);
	} else if (!rq->expired->nr_active)
		schedstat_inc(rq, yld_exp_empty);

	if (array != target) {
		dequeue_task(current, array);
		enqueue_task(current, target);
	} else
		/*
		 * requeue_task is cheaper so perform that if possible.
		 */
		requeue_task(current, array);

	/*
	 * Since we are going to call schedule() anyway, there's
	 * no need to preempt or enable interrupts:
	 */
	__release(rq->lock);
	spin_release(&rq->lock.dep_map, 1, _THIS_IP_);
	_raw_spin_unlock(&rq->lock);
	preempt_enable_no_resched();

	schedule();

	return 0;
}

static void __cond_resched(void)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_SPINLOCK_SLEEP
	__might_sleep(__FILE__, __LINE__);
#endif
	/*
	 * The BKS might be reacquired before we have dropped
	 * PREEMPT_ACTIVE, which could trigger a second
	 * cond_resched() call.
	 */
	do {
		add_preempt_count(PREEMPT_ACTIVE);
		schedule();
		sub_preempt_count(PREEMPT_ACTIVE);
	} while (need_resched());
}

int __sched cond_resched(void)
{
	if (need_resched() && !(preempt_count() & PREEMPT_ACTIVE) &&
					system_state == SYSTEM_RUNNING) {
		__cond_resched();
		return 1;
	}
	return 0;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(cond_resched);

/*
 * cond_resched_lock() - if a reschedule is pending, drop the given lock,
 * call schedule, and on return reacquire the lock.
 *
 * This works OK both with and without CONFIG_PREEMPT.  We do strange low-level
 * operations here to prevent schedule() from being called twice (once via
 * spin_unlock(), once by hand).
 */
int cond_resched_lock(spinlock_t *lock)
{
	int ret = 0;

	if (need_lockbreak(lock)) {
		spin_unlock(lock);
		cpu_relax();
		ret = 1;
		spin_lock(lock);
	}
	if (need_resched() && system_state == SYSTEM_RUNNING) {
		spin_release(&lock->dep_map, 1, _THIS_IP_);
		_raw_spin_unlock(lock);
		preempt_enable_no_resched();
		__cond_resched();
		ret = 1;
		spin_lock(lock);
	}
	return ret;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(cond_resched_lock);

int __sched cond_resched_softirq(void)
{
	BUG_ON(!in_softirq());

	if (need_resched() && system_state == SYSTEM_RUNNING) {
		raw_local_irq_disable();
		_local_bh_enable();
		raw_local_irq_enable();
		__cond_resched();
		local_bh_disable();
		return 1;
	}
	return 0;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(cond_resched_softirq);

/**
 * yield - yield the current processor to other threads.
 *
 * This is a shortcut for kernel-space yielding - it marks the
 * thread runnable and calls sys_sched_yield().
 */
void __sched yield(void)
{
	set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
	sys_sched_yield();
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(yield);

/*
 * This task is about to go to sleep on IO.  Increment rq->nr_iowait so
 * that process accounting knows that this is a task in IO wait state.
 *
 * But don't do that if it is a deliberate, throttling IO wait (this task
 * has set its backing_dev_info: the queue against which it should throttle)
 */
void __sched io_schedule(void)
{
	struct rq *rq = &__raw_get_cpu_var(runqueues);

	delayacct_blkio_start();
	atomic_inc(&rq->nr_iowait);
	schedule();
	atomic_dec(&rq->nr_iowait);
	delayacct_blkio_end();
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(io_schedule);

long __sched io_schedule_timeout(long timeout)
{
	struct rq *rq = &__raw_get_cpu_var(runqueues);
	long ret;

	delayacct_blkio_start();
	atomic_inc(&rq->nr_iowait);
	ret = schedule_timeout(timeout);
	atomic_dec(&rq->nr_iowait);
	delayacct_blkio_end();
	return ret;
}

/**
 * sys_sched_get_priority_max - return maximum RT priority.
 * @policy: scheduling class.
 *
 * this syscall returns the maximum rt_priority that can be used
 * by a given scheduling class.
 */
asmlinkage long sys_sched_get_priority_max(int policy)
{
	int ret = -EINVAL;

	switch (policy) {
	case SCHED_FIFO:
	case SCHED_RR:
		ret = MAX_USER_RT_PRIO-1;
		break;
	case SCHED_NORMAL:
	case SCHED_BATCH:
		ret = 0;
		break;
	}
	return ret;
}

/**
 * sys_sched_get_priority_min - return minimum RT priority.
 * @policy: scheduling class.
 *
 * this syscall returns the minimum rt_priority that can be used
 * by a given scheduling class.
 */
asmlinkage long sys_sched_get_priority_min(int policy)
{
	int ret = -EINVAL;

	switch (policy) {
	case SCHED_FIFO:
	case SCHED_RR:
		ret = 1;
		break;
	case SCHED_NORMAL:
	case SCHED_BATCH:
		ret = 0;
	}
	return ret;
}

/**
 * sys_sched_rr_get_interval - return the default timeslice of a process.
 * @pid: pid of the process.
 * @interval: userspace pointer to the timeslice value.
 *
 * this syscall writes the default timeslice value of a given process
 * into the user-space timespec buffer. A value of '0' means infinity.
 */
asmlinkage
long sys_sched_rr_get_interval(pid_t pid, struct timespec __user *interval)
{
	struct task_struct *p;
	int retval = -EINVAL;
	struct timespec t;

	if (pid < 0)
		goto out_nounlock;

	retval = -ESRCH;
	read_lock(&tasklist_lock);
	p = find_process_by_pid(pid);
	if (!p)
		goto out_unlock;

	retval = security_task_getscheduler(p);
	if (retval)
		goto out_unlock;

	jiffies_to_timespec(p->policy == SCHED_FIFO ?
				0 : task_timeslice(p), &t);
	read_unlock(&tasklist_lock);
	retval = copy_to_user(interval, &t, sizeof(t)) ? -EFAULT : 0;
out_nounlock:
	return retval;
out_unlock:
	read_unlock(&tasklist_lock);
	return retval;
}

static const char stat_nam[] = "RSDTtZX";

static void show_task(struct task_struct *p)
{
	struct task_struct *relative;
	unsigned long free = 0;
	unsigned state;

	state = p->state ? __ffs(p->state) + 1 : 0;
	printk("%-13.13s %c", p->comm,
		state < sizeof(stat_nam) - 1 ? stat_nam[state] : '?');
#if (BITS_PER_LONG == 32)
	if (state == TASK_RUNNING)
		printk(" running ");
	else
		printk(" %08lX ", thread_saved_pc(p));
#else
	if (state == TASK_RUNNING)
		printk("  running task   ");
	else
		printk(" %016lx ", thread_saved_pc(p));
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_STACK_USAGE
	{
		unsigned long *n = end_of_stack(p);
		while (!*n)
			n++;
		free = (unsigned long)n - (unsigned long)end_of_stack(p);
	}
#endif
	printk("%5lu %5d %6d", free, p->pid, p->parent->pid);
	if (!p->mm)
		printk(" (L-TLB)\n");
	else
		printk(" (NOTLB)\n");

	if (state != TASK_RUNNING)
		show_stack(p, NULL);
}

void show_state_filter(unsigned long state_filter)
{
	struct task_struct *g, *p;

#if (BITS_PER_LONG == 32)
	printk("\n"
	       "                         free                        sibling\n");
	printk("  task             PC    stack   pid father child younger older\n");
#else
	printk("\n"
	       "                                 free                        sibling\n");
	printk("  task                 PC        stack   pid father child younger older\n");
#endif
	read_lock(&tasklist_lock);
	do_each_thread(g, p) {
		/*
		 * reset the NMI-timeout, listing all files on a slow
		 * console might take alot of time:
		 */
		touch_nmi_watchdog();
		if (p->state & state_filter)
			show_task(p);
	} while_each_thread(g, p);

	read_unlock(&tasklist_lock);
	/*
	 * Only show locks if all tasks are dumped:
	 */
	if (state_filter == -1)
		debug_show_all_locks();
}

/**
 * init_idle - set up an idle thread for a given CPU
 * @idle: task in question
 * @cpu: cpu the idle task belongs to
 *
 * NOTE: this function does not set the idle thread's NEED_RESCHED
 * flag, to make booting more robust.
 */
void __cpuinit init_idle(struct task_struct *idle, int cpu)
{
	struct rq *rq = cpu_rq(cpu);
	unsigned long flags;

	idle->timestamp = sched_clock();
	idle->sleep_avg = 0;
	idle->array = NULL;
	idle->prio = idle->normal_prio = MAX_PRIO;
	idle->state = TASK_RUNNING;
	idle->cpus_allowed = cpumask_of_cpu(cpu);
	set_task_cpu(idle, cpu);

	spin_lock_irqsave(&rq->lock, flags);
	rq->curr = rq->idle = idle;
#if defined(CONFIG_SMP) && defined(__ARCH_WANT_UNLOCKED_CTXSW)
	idle->oncpu = 1;
#endif
	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rq->lock, flags);

	/* Set the preempt count _outside_ the spinlocks! */
#if defined(CONFIG_PREEMPT) && !defined(CONFIG_PREEMPT_BKL)
	task_thread_info(idle)->preempt_count = (idle->lock_depth >= 0);
#else
	task_thread_info(idle)->preempt_count = 0;
#endif
}

/*
 * In a system that switches off the HZ timer nohz_cpu_mask
 * indicates which cpus entered this state. This is used
 * in the rcu update to wait only for active cpus. For system
 * which do not switch off the HZ timer nohz_cpu_mask should
 * always be CPU_MASK_NONE.
 */
cpumask_t nohz_cpu_mask = CPU_MASK_NONE;

#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
/*
 * This is how migration works:
 *
 * 1) we queue a struct migration_req structure in the source CPU's
 *    runqueue and wake up that CPU's migration thread.
 * 2) we down() the locked semaphore => thread blocks.
 * 3) migration thread wakes up (implicitly it forces the migrated
 *    thread off the CPU)
 * 4) it gets the migration request and checks whether the migrated
 *    task is still in the wrong runqueue.
 * 5) if it's in the wrong runqueue then the migration thread removes
 *    it and puts it into the right queue.
 * 6) migration thread up()s the semaphore.
 * 7) we wake up and the migration is done.
 */

/*
 * Change a given task's CPU affinity. Migrate the thread to a
 * proper CPU and schedule it away if the CPU it's executing on
 * is removed from the allowed bitmask.
 *
 * NOTE: the caller must have a valid reference to the task, the
 * task must not exit() & deallocate itself prematurely.  The
 * call is not atomic; no spinlocks may be held.
 */
int set_cpus_allowed(struct task_struct *p, cpumask_t new_mask)
{
	struct migration_req req;
	unsigned long flags;
	struct rq *rq;
	int ret = 0;

	rq = task_rq_lock(p, &flags);
	if (!cpus_intersects(new_mask, cpu_online_map)) {
		ret = -EINVAL;
		goto out;
	}

	p->cpus_allowed = new_mask;
	/* Can the task run on the task's current CPU? If so, we're done */
	if (cpu_isset(task_cpu(p), new_mask))
		goto out;

	if (migrate_task(p, any_online_cpu(new_mask), &req)) {
		/* Need help from migration thread: drop lock and wait. */
		task_rq_unlock(rq, &flags);
		wake_up_process(rq->migration_thread);
		wait_for_completion(&req.done);
		tlb_migrate_finish(p->mm);
		return 0;
	}
out:
	task_rq_unlock(rq, &flags);

	return ret;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(set_cpus_allowed);

/*
 * Move (not current) task off this cpu, onto dest cpu.  We're doing
 * this because either it can't run here any more (set_cpus_allowed()
 * away from this CPU, or CPU going down), or because we're
 * attempting to rebalance this task on exec (sched_exec).
 *
 * So we race with normal scheduler movements, but that's OK, as long
 * as the task is no longer on this CPU.
 *
 * Returns non-zero if task was successfully migrated.
 */
static int __migrate_task(struct task_struct *p, int src_cpu, int dest_cpu)
{
	struct rq *rq_dest, *rq_src;
	int ret = 0;

	if (unlikely(cpu_is_offline(dest_cpu)))
		return ret;

	rq_src = cpu_rq(src_cpu);
	rq_dest = cpu_rq(dest_cpu);

	double_rq_lock(rq_src, rq_dest);
	/* Already moved. */
	if (task_cpu(p) != src_cpu)
		goto out;
	/* Affinity changed (again). */
	if (!cpu_isset(dest_cpu, p->cpus_allowed))
		goto out;

	set_task_cpu(p, dest_cpu);
	if (p->array) {
		/*
		 * Sync timestamp with rq_dest's before activating.
		 * The same thing could be achieved by doing this step
		 * afterwards, and pretending it was a local activate.
		 * This way is cleaner and logically correct.
		 */
		p->timestamp = p->timestamp - rq_src->most_recent_timestamp
				+ rq_dest->most_recent_timestamp;
		deactivate_task(p, rq_src);
		__activate_task(p, rq_dest);
		if (TASK_PREEMPTS_CURR(p, rq_dest))
			resched_task(rq_dest->curr);
	}
	ret = 1;
out:
	double_rq_unlock(rq_src, rq_dest);
	return ret;
}

/*
 * migration_thread - this is a highprio system thread that performs
 * thread migration by bumping thread off CPU then 'pushing' onto
 * another runqueue.
 */
static int migration_thread(void *data)
{
	int cpu = (long)data;
	struct rq *rq;

	rq = cpu_rq(cpu);
	BUG_ON(rq->migration_thread != current);

	set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
	while (!kthread_should_stop()) {
		struct migration_req *req;
		struct list_head *head;

		try_to_freeze();

		spin_lock_irq(&rq->lock);

		if (cpu_is_offline(cpu)) {
			spin_unlock_irq(&rq->lock);
			goto wait_to_die;
		}

		if (rq->active_balance) {
			active_load_balance(rq, cpu);
			rq->active_balance = 0;
		}

		head = &rq->migration_queue;

		if (list_empty(head)) {
			spin_unlock_irq(&rq->lock);
			schedule();
			set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
			continue;
		}
		req = list_entry(head->next, struct migration_req, list);
		list_del_init(head->next);

		spin_unlock(&rq->lock);
		__migrate_task(req->task, cpu, req->dest_cpu);
		local_irq_enable();

		complete(&req->done);
	}
	__set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
	return 0;

wait_to_die:
	/* Wait for kthread_stop */
	set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
	while (!kthread_should_stop()) {
		schedule();
		set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
	}
	__set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
	return 0;
}

#ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU
/*
 * Figure out where task on dead CPU should go, use force if neccessary.
 * NOTE: interrupts should be disabled by the caller
 */
static void move_task_off_dead_cpu(int dead_cpu, struct task_struct *p)
{
	unsigned long flags;
	cpumask_t mask;
	struct rq *rq;
	int dest_cpu;

restart:
	/* On same node? */
	mask = node_to_cpumask(cpu_to_node(dead_cpu));
	cpus_and(mask, mask, p->cpus_allowed);
	dest_cpu = any_online_cpu(mask);

	/* On any allowed CPU? */
	if (dest_cpu == NR_CPUS)
		dest_cpu = any_online_cpu(p->cpus_allowed);

	/* No more Mr. Nice Guy. */
	if (dest_cpu == NR_CPUS) {
		rq = task_rq_lock(p, &flags);
		cpus_setall(p->cpus_allowed);
		dest_cpu = any_online_cpu(p->cpus_allowed);
		task_rq_unlock(rq, &flags);

		/*
		 * Don't tell them about moving exiting tasks or
		 * kernel threads (both mm NULL), since they never
		 * leave kernel.
		 */
		if (p->mm && printk_ratelimit())
			printk(KERN_INFO "process %d (%s) no "
			       "longer affine to cpu%d\n",
			       p->pid, p->comm, dead_cpu);
	}
	if (!__migrate_task(p, dead_cpu, dest_cpu))
		goto restart;
}

/*
 * While a dead CPU has no uninterruptible tasks queued at this point,
 * it might still have a nonzero ->nr_uninterruptible counter, because
 * for performance reasons the counter is not stricly tracking tasks to
 * their home CPUs. So we just add the counter to another CPU's counter,
 * to keep the global sum constant after CPU-down:
 */
static void migrate_nr_uninterruptible(struct rq *rq_src)
{
	struct rq *rq_dest = cpu_rq(any_online_cpu(CPU_MASK_ALL));
	unsigned long flags;

	local_irq_save(flags);
	double_rq_lock(rq_src, rq_dest);
	rq_dest->nr_uninterruptible += rq_src->nr_uninterruptible;
	rq_src->nr_uninterruptible = 0;
	double_rq_unlock(rq_src, rq_dest);
	local_irq_restore(flags);
}

/* Run through task list and migrate tasks from the dead cpu. */
static void migrate_live_tasks(int src_cpu)
{
	struct task_struct *p, *t;

	write_lock_irq(&tasklist_lock);

	do_each_thread(t, p) {
		if (p == current)
			continue;

		if (task_cpu(p) == src_cpu)
			move_task_off_dead_cpu(src_cpu, p);
	} while_each_thread(t, p);

	write_unlock_irq(&tasklist_lock);
}

/* Schedules idle task to be the next runnable task on current CPU.
 * It does so by boosting its priority to highest possible and adding it to
 * the _front_ of the runqueue. Used by CPU offline code.
 */
void sched_idle_next(void)
{
	int this_cpu = smp_processor_id();
	struct rq *rq = cpu_rq(this_cpu);
	struct task_struct *p = rq->idle;
	unsigned long flags;

	/* cpu has to be offline */
	BUG_ON(cpu_online(this_cpu));

	/*
	 * Strictly not necessary since rest of the CPUs are stopped by now
	 * and interrupts disabled on the current cpu.
	 */
	spin_lock_irqsave(&rq->lock, flags);

	__setscheduler(p, SCHED_FIFO, MAX_RT_PRIO-1);

	/* Add idle task to the _front_ of its priority queue: */
	__activate_idle_task(p, rq);

	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rq->lock, flags);
}

/*
 * Ensures that the idle task is using init_mm right before its cpu goes
 * offline.
 */
void idle_task_exit(void)
{
	struct mm_struct *mm = current->active_mm;

	BUG_ON(cpu_online(smp_processor_id()));

	if (mm != &init_mm)
		switch_mm(mm, &init_mm, current);
	mmdrop(mm);
}

/* called under rq->lock with disabled interrupts */
static void migrate_dead(unsigned int dead_cpu, struct task_struct *p)
{
	struct rq *rq = cpu_rq(dead_cpu);

	/* Must be exiting, otherwise would be on tasklist. */
	BUG_ON(p->exit_state != EXIT_ZOMBIE && p->exit_state != EXIT_DEAD);

	/* Cannot have done final schedule yet: would have vanished. */
	BUG_ON(p->state == TASK_DEAD);

	get_task_struct(p);

	/*
	 * Drop lock around migration; if someone else moves it,
	 * that's OK.  No task can be added to this CPU, so iteration is
	 * fine.
	 * NOTE: interrupts should be left disabled  --dev@
	 */
	spin_unlock(&rq->lock);
	move_task_off_dead_cpu(dead_cpu, p);
	spin_lock(&rq->lock);

	put_task_struct(p);
}

/* release_task() removes task from tasklist, so we won't find dead tasks. */
static void migrate_dead_tasks(unsigned int dead_cpu)
{
	struct rq *rq = cpu_rq(dead_cpu);
	unsigned int arr, i;

	for (arr = 0; arr < 2; arr++) {
		for (i = 0; i < MAX_PRIO; i++) {
			struct list_head *list = &rq->arrays[arr].queue[i];

			while (!list_empty(list))
				migrate_dead(dead_cpu, list_entry(list->next,
					     struct task_struct, run_list));
		}
	}
}
#endif /* CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU */

/*
 * migration_call - callback that gets triggered when a CPU is added.
 * Here we can start up the necessary migration thread for the new CPU.
 */
static int __cpuinit
migration_call(struct notifier_block *nfb, unsigned long action, void *hcpu)
{
	struct task_struct *p;
	int cpu = (long)hcpu;
	unsigned long flags;
	struct rq *rq;

	switch (action) {
	case CPU_UP_PREPARE:
		p = kthread_create(migration_thread, hcpu, "migration/%d",cpu);
		if (IS_ERR(p))
			return NOTIFY_BAD;
		p->flags |= PF_NOFREEZE;
		kthread_bind(p, cpu);
		/* Must be high prio: stop_machine expects to yield to it. */
		rq = task_rq_lock(p, &flags);
		__setscheduler(p, SCHED_FIFO, MAX_RT_PRIO-1);
		task_rq_unlock(rq, &flags);
		cpu_rq(cpu)->migration_thread = p;
		break;

	case CPU_ONLINE:
		/* Strictly unneccessary, as first user will wake it. */
		wake_up_process(cpu_rq(cpu)->migration_thread);
		break;

#ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU
	case CPU_UP_CANCELED:
		if (!cpu_rq(cpu)->migration_thread)
			break;
		/* Unbind it from offline cpu so it can run.  Fall thru. */
		kthread_bind(cpu_rq(cpu)->migration_thread,
			     any_online_cpu(cpu_online_map));
		kthread_stop(cpu_rq(cpu)->migration_thread);
		cpu_rq(cpu)->migration_thread = NULL;
		break;

	case CPU_DEAD:
		migrate_live_tasks(cpu);
		rq = cpu_rq(cpu);
		kthread_stop(rq->migration_thread);
		rq->migration_thread = NULL;
		/* Idle task back to normal (off runqueue, low prio) */
		rq = task_rq_lock(rq->idle, &flags);
		deactivate_task(rq->idle, rq);
		rq->idle->static_prio = MAX_PRIO;
		__setscheduler(rq->idle, SCHED_NORMAL, 0);
		migrate_dead_tasks(cpu);
		task_rq_unlock(rq, &flags);
		migrate_nr_uninterruptible(rq);
		BUG_ON(rq->nr_running != 0);

		/* No need to migrate the tasks: it was best-effort if
		 * they didn't do lock_cpu_hotplug().  Just wake up
		 * the requestors. */
		spin_lock_irq(&rq->lock);
		while (!list_empty(&rq->migration_queue)) {
			struct migration_req *req;

			req = list_entry(rq->migration_queue.next,
					 struct migration_req, list);
			list_del_init(&req->list);
			complete(&req->done);
		}
		spin_unlock_irq(&rq->lock);
		break;
#endif
	}
	return NOTIFY_OK;
}

/* Register at highest priority so that task migration (migrate_all_tasks)
 * happens before everything else.
 */
static struct notifier_block __cpuinitdata migration_notifier = {
	.notifier_call = migration_call,
	.priority = 10
};

int __init migration_init(void)
{
	void *cpu = (void *)(long)smp_processor_id();
	int err;

	/* Start one for the boot CPU: */
	err = migration_call(&migration_notifier, CPU_UP_PREPARE, cpu);
	BUG_ON(err == NOTIFY_BAD);
	migration_call(&migration_notifier, CPU_ONLINE, cpu);
	register_cpu_notifier(&migration_notifier);

	return 0;
}
#endif

#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
#undef SCHED_DOMAIN_DEBUG
#ifdef SCHED_DOMAIN_DEBUG
static void sched_domain_debug(struct sched_domain *sd, int cpu)
{
	int level = 0;

	if (!sd) {
		printk(KERN_DEBUG "CPU%d attaching NULL sched-domain.\n", cpu);
		return;
	}

	printk(KERN_DEBUG "CPU%d attaching sched-domain:\n", cpu);

	do {
		int i;
		char str[NR_CPUS];
		struct sched_group *group = sd->groups;
		cpumask_t groupmask;

		cpumask_scnprintf(str, NR_CPUS, sd->span);
		cpus_clear(groupmask);

		printk(KERN_DEBUG);
		for (i = 0; i < level + 1; i++)
			printk(" ");
		printk("domain %d: ", level);

		if (!(sd->flags & SD_LOAD_BALANCE)) {
			printk("does not load-balance\n");
			if (sd->parent)
				printk(KERN_ERR "ERROR: !SD_LOAD_BALANCE domain"
						" has parent");
			break;
		}

		printk("span %s\n", str);

		if (!cpu_isset(cpu, sd->span))
			printk(KERN_ERR "ERROR: domain->span does not contain "
					"CPU%d\n", cpu);
		if (!cpu_isset(cpu, group->cpumask))
			printk(KERN_ERR "ERROR: domain->groups does not contain"
					" CPU%d\n", cpu);

		printk(KERN_DEBUG);
		for (i = 0; i < level + 2; i++)
			printk(" ");
		printk("groups:");
		do {
			if (!group) {
				printk("\n");
				printk(KERN_ERR "ERROR: group is NULL\n");
				break;
			}

			if (!group->cpu_power) {
				printk("\n");
				printk(KERN_ERR "ERROR: domain->cpu_power not "
						"set\n");
			}

			if (!cpus_weight(group->cpumask)) {
				printk("\n");
				printk(KERN_ERR "ERROR: empty group\n");
			}

			if (cpus_intersects(groupmask, group->cpumask)) {
				printk("\n");
				printk(KERN_ERR "ERROR: repeated CPUs\n");
			}

			cpus_or(groupmask, groupmask, group->cpumask);

			cpumask_scnprintf(str, NR_CPUS, group->cpumask);
			printk(" %s", str);

			group = group->next;
		} while (group != sd->groups);
		printk("\n");

		if (!cpus_equal(sd->span, groupmask))
			printk(KERN_ERR "ERROR: groups don't span "
					"domain->span\n");

		level++;
		sd = sd->parent;
		if (!sd)
			continue;

		if (!cpus_subset(groupmask, sd->span))
			printk(KERN_ERR "ERROR: parent span is not a superset "
				"of domain->span\n");

	} while (sd);
}
#else
# define sched_domain_debug(sd, cpu) do { } while (0)
#endif

static int sd_degenerate(struct sched_domain *sd)
{
	if (cpus_weight(sd->span) == 1)
		return 1;

	/* Following flags need at least 2 groups */
	if (sd->flags & (SD_LOAD_BALANCE |
			 SD_BALANCE_NEWIDLE |
			 SD_BALANCE_FORK |
			 SD_BALANCE_EXEC |
			 SD_SHARE_CPUPOWER |
			 SD_SHARE_PKG_RESOURCES)) {
		if (sd->groups != sd->groups->next)
			return 0;
	}

	/* Following flags don't use groups */
	if (sd->flags & (SD_WAKE_IDLE |
			 SD_WAKE_AFFINE |
			 SD_WAKE_BALANCE))
		return 0;

	return 1;
}

static int
sd_parent_degenerate(struct sched_domain *sd, struct sched_domain *parent)
{
	unsigned long cflags = sd->flags, pflags = parent->flags;

	if (sd_degenerate(parent))
		return 1;

	if (!cpus_equal(sd->span, parent->span))
		return 0;

	/* Does parent contain flags not in child? */
	/* WAKE_BALANCE is a subset of WAKE_AFFINE */
	if (cflags & SD_WAKE_AFFINE)
		pflags &= ~SD_WAKE_BALANCE;
	/* Flags needing groups don't count if only 1 group in parent */
	if (parent->groups == parent->groups->next) {
		pflags &= ~(SD_LOAD_BALANCE |
				SD_BALANCE_NEWIDLE |
				SD_BALANCE_FORK |
				SD_BALANCE_EXEC |
				SD_SHARE_CPUPOWER |
				SD_SHARE_PKG_RESOURCES);
	}
	if (~cflags & pflags)
		return 0;

	return 1;
}

/*
 * Attach the domain 'sd' to 'cpu' as its base domain.  Callers must
 * hold the hotplug lock.
 */
static void cpu_attach_domain(struct sched_domain *sd, int cpu)
{
	struct rq *rq = cpu_rq(cpu);
	struct sched_domain *tmp;

	/* Remove the sched domains which do not contribute to scheduling. */
	for (tmp = sd; tmp; tmp = tmp->parent) {
		struct sched_domain *parent = tmp->parent;
		if (!parent)
			break;
		if (sd_parent_degenerate(tmp, parent)) {
			tmp->parent = parent->parent;
			if (parent->parent)
				parent->parent->child = tmp;
		}
	}

	if (sd && sd_degenerate(sd)) {
		sd = sd->parent;
		if (sd)
			sd->child = NULL;
	}

	sched_domain_debug(sd, cpu);

	rcu_assign_pointer(rq->sd, sd);
}

/* cpus with isolated domains */
static cpumask_t cpu_isolated_map = CPU_MASK_NONE;

/* Setup the mask of cpus configured for isolated domains */
static int __init isolated_cpu_setup(char *str)
{
	int ints[NR_CPUS], i;

	str = get_options(str, ARRAY_SIZE(ints), ints);
	cpus_clear(cpu_isolated_map);
	for (i = 1; i <= ints[0]; i++)
		if (ints[i] < NR_CPUS)
			cpu_set(ints[i], cpu_isolated_map);
	return 1;
}

__setup ("isolcpus=", isolated_cpu_setup);

/*
 * init_sched_build_groups takes the cpumask we wish to span, and a pointer
 * to a function which identifies what group(along with sched group) a CPU
 * belongs to. The return value of group_fn must be a >= 0 and < NR_CPUS
 * (due to the fact that we keep track of groups covered with a cpumask_t).
 *
 * init_sched_build_groups will build a circular linked list of the groups
 * covered by the given span, and will set each group's ->cpumask correctly,
 * and ->cpu_power to 0.
 */
static void
init_sched_build_groups(cpumask_t span, const cpumask_t *cpu_map,
			int (*group_fn)(int cpu, const cpumask_t *cpu_map,
					struct sched_group **sg))
{
	struct sched_group *first = NULL, *last = NULL;
	cpumask_t covered = CPU_MASK_NONE;
	int i;

	for_each_cpu_mask(i, span) {
		struct sched_group *sg;
		int group = group_fn(i, cpu_map, &sg);
		int j;

		if (cpu_isset(i, covered))
			continue;

		sg->cpumask = CPU_MASK_NONE;
		sg->cpu_power = 0;

		for_each_cpu_mask(j, span) {
			if (group_fn(j, cpu_map, NULL) != group)
				continue;

			cpu_set(j, covered);
			cpu_set(j, sg->cpumask);
		}
		if (!first)
			first = sg;
		if (last)
			last->next = sg;
		last = sg;
	}
	last->next = first;
}

#define SD_NODES_PER_DOMAIN 16

/*
 * Self-tuning task migration cost measurement between source and target CPUs.
 *
 * This is done by measuring the cost of manipulating buffers of varying
 * sizes. For a given buffer-size here are the steps that are taken:
 *
 * 1) the source CPU reads+dirties a shared buffer
 * 2) the target CPU reads+dirties the same shared buffer
 *
 * We measure how long they take, in the following 4 scenarios:
 *
 *  - source: CPU1, target: CPU2 | cost1
 *  - source: CPU2, target: CPU1 | cost2
 *  - source: CPU1, target: CPU1 | cost3
 *  - source: CPU2, target: CPU2 | cost4
 *
 * We then calculate the cost3+cost4-cost1-cost2 difference - this is
 * the cost of migration.
 *
 * We then start off from a small buffer-size and iterate up to larger
 * buffer sizes, in 5% steps - measuring each buffer-size separately, and
 * doing a maximum search for the cost. (The maximum cost for a migration
 * normally occurs when the working set size is around the effective cache
 * size.)
 */
#define SEARCH_SCOPE		2
#define MIN_CACHE_SIZE		(64*1024U)
#define DEFAULT_CACHE_SIZE	(5*1024*1024U)
#define ITERATIONS		1
#define SIZE_THRESH		130
#define COST_THRESH		130

/*
 * The migration cost is a function of 'domain distance'. Domain
 * distance is the number of steps a CPU has to iterate down its
 * domain tree to share a domain with the other CPU. The farther
 * two CPUs are from each other, the larger the distance gets.
 *
 * Note that we use the distance only to cache measurement results,
 * the distance value is not used numerically otherwise. When two
 * CPUs have the same distance it is assumed that the migration
 * cost is the same. (this is a simplification but quite practical)
 */
#define MAX_DOMAIN_DISTANCE 32

static unsigned long long migration_cost[MAX_DOMAIN_DISTANCE] =
		{ [ 0 ... MAX_DOMAIN_DISTANCE-1 ] =
/*
 * Architectures may override the migration cost and thus avoid
 * boot-time calibration. Unit is nanoseconds. Mostly useful for
 * virtualized hardware:
 */
#ifdef CONFIG_DEFAULT_MIGRATION_COST
			CONFIG_DEFAULT_MIGRATION_COST
#else
			-1LL
#endif
};

/*
 * Allow override of migration cost - in units of microseconds.
 * E.g. migration_cost=1000,2000,3000 will set up a level-1 cost
 * of 1 msec, level-2 cost of 2 msecs and level3 cost of 3 msecs:
 */
static int __init migration_cost_setup(char *str)
{
	int ints[MAX_DOMAIN_DISTANCE+1], i;

	str = get_options(str, ARRAY_SIZE(ints), ints);

	printk("#ints: %d\n", ints[0]);
	for (i = 1; i <= ints[0]; i++) {
		migration_cost[i-1] = (unsigned long long)ints[i]*1000;
		printk("migration_cost[%d]: %Ld\n", i-1, migration_cost[i-1]);
	}
	return 1;
}

__setup ("migration_cost=", migration_cost_setup);

/*
 * Global multiplier (divisor) for migration-cutoff values,
 * in percentiles. E.g. use a value of 150 to get 1.5 times
 * longer cache-hot cutoff times.
 *
 * (We scale it from 100 to 128 to long long handling easier.)
 */

#define MIGRATION_FACTOR_SCALE 128

static unsigned int migration_factor = MIGRATION_FACTOR_SCALE;

static int __init setup_migration_factor(char *str)
{
	get_option(&str, &migration_factor);
	migration_factor = migration_factor * MIGRATION_FACTOR_SCALE / 100;
	return 1;
}

__setup("migration_factor=", setup_migration_factor);

/*
 * Estimated distance of two CPUs, measured via the number of domains
 * we have to pass for the two CPUs to be in the same span:
 */
static unsigned long domain_distance(int cpu1, int cpu2)
{
	unsigned long distance = 0;
	struct sched_domain *sd;

	for_each_domain(cpu1, sd) {
		WARN_ON(!cpu_isset(cpu1, sd->span));
		if (cpu_isset(cpu2, sd->span))
			return distance;
		distance++;
	}
	if (distance >= MAX_DOMAIN_DISTANCE) {
		WARN_ON(1);
		distance = MAX_DOMAIN_DISTANCE-1;
	}

	return distance;
}

static unsigned int migration_debug;

static int __init setup_migration_debug(char *str)
{
	get_option(&str, &migration_debug);
	return 1;
}

__setup("migration_debug=", setup_migration_debug);

/*
 * Maximum cache-size that the scheduler should try to measure.
 * Architectures with larger caches should tune this up during
 * bootup. Gets used in the domain-setup code (i.e. during SMP
 * bootup).
 */
unsigned int max_cache_size;

static int __init setup_max_cache_size(char *str)
{
	get_option(&str, &max_cache_size);
	return 1;
}

__setup("max_cache_size=", setup_max_cache_size);

/*
 * Dirty a big buffer in a hard-to-predict (for the L2 cache) way. This
 * is the operation that is timed, so we try to generate unpredictable
 * cachemisses that still end up filling the L2 cache:
 */
static void touch_cache(void *__cache, unsigned long __size)
{
	unsigned long size = __size / sizeof(long);
	unsigned long chunk1 = size / 3;
	unsigned long chunk2 = 2 * size / 3;
	unsigned long *cache = __cache;
	int i;

	for (i = 0; i < size/6; i += 8) {
		switch (i % 6) {
			case 0: cache[i]++;
			case 1: cache[size-1-i]++;
			case 2: cache[chunk1-i]++;
			case 3: cache[chunk1+i]++;
			case 4: cache[chunk2-i]++;
			case 5: cache[chunk2+i]++;
		}
	}
}

/*
 * Measure the cache-cost of one task migration. Returns in units of nsec.
 */
static unsigned long long
measure_one(void *cache, unsigned long size, int source, int target)
{
	cpumask_t mask, saved_mask;
	unsigned long long t0, t1, t2, t3, cost;

	saved_mask = current->cpus_allowed;

	/*
	 * Flush source caches to RAM and invalidate them:
	 */
	sched_cacheflush();

	/*
	 * Migrate to the source CPU:
	 */
	mask = cpumask_of_cpu(source);
	set_cpus_allowed(current, mask);
	WARN_ON(smp_processor_id() != source);

	/*
	 * Dirty the working set:
	 */
	t0 = sched_clock();
	touch_cache(cache, size);
	t1 = sched_clock();

	/*
	 * Migrate to the target CPU, dirty the L2 cache and access
	 * the shared buffer. (which represents the working set
	 * of a migrated task.)
	 */
	mask = cpumask_of_cpu(target);
	set_cpus_allowed(current, mask);
	WARN_ON(smp_processor_id() != target);

	t2 = sched_clock();
	touch_cache(cache, size);
	t3 = sched_clock();

	cost = t1-t0 + t3-t2;

	if (migration_debug >= 2)
		printk("[%d->%d]: %8Ld %8Ld %8Ld => %10Ld.\n",
			source, target, t1-t0, t1-t0, t3-t2, cost);
	/*
	 * Flush target caches to RAM and invalidate them:
	 */
	sched_cacheflush();

	set_cpus_allowed(current, saved_mask);

	return cost;
}

/*
 * Measure a series of task migrations and return the average
 * result. Since this code runs early during bootup the system
 * is 'undisturbed' and the average latency makes sense.
 *
 * The algorithm in essence auto-detects the relevant cache-size,
 * so it will properly detect different cachesizes for different
 * cache-hierarchies, depending on how the CPUs are connected.
 *
 * Architectures can prime the upper limit of the search range via
 * max_cache_size, otherwise the search range defaults to 20MB...64K.
 */
static unsigned long long
measure_cost(int cpu1, int cpu2, void *cache, unsigned int size)
{
	unsigned long long cost1, cost2;
	int i;

	/*
	 * Measure the migration cost of 'size' bytes, over an
	 * average of 10 runs:
	 *
	 * (We perturb the cache size by a small (0..4k)
	 *  value to compensate size/alignment related artifacts.
	 *  We also subtract the cost of the operation done on
	 *  the same CPU.)
	 */
	cost1 = 0;

	/*
	 * dry run, to make sure we start off cache-cold on cpu1,
	 * and to get any vmalloc pagefaults in advance:
	 */
	measure_one(cache, size, cpu1, cpu2);
	for (i = 0; i < ITERATIONS; i++)
		cost1 += measure_one(cache, size - i * 1024, cpu1, cpu2);

	measure_one(cache, size, cpu2, cpu1);
	for (i = 0; i < ITERATIONS; i++)
		cost1 += measure_one(cache, size - i * 1024, cpu2, cpu1);

	/*
	 * (We measure the non-migrating [cached] cost on both
	 *  cpu1 and cpu2, to handle CPUs with different speeds)
	 */
	cost2 = 0;

	measure_one(cache, size, cpu1, cpu1);
	for (i = 0; i < ITERATIONS; i++)
		cost2 += measure_one(cache, size - i * 1024, cpu1, cpu1);

	measure_one(cache, size, cpu2, cpu2);
	for (i = 0; i < ITERATIONS; i++)
		cost2 += measure_one(cache, size - i * 1024, cpu2, cpu2);

	/*
	 * Get the per-iteration migration cost:
	 */
	do_div(cost1, 2 * ITERATIONS);
	do_div(cost2, 2 * ITERATIONS);

	return cost1 - cost2;
}

static unsigned long long measure_migration_cost(int cpu1, int cpu2)
{
	unsigned long long max_cost = 0, fluct = 0, avg_fluct = 0;
	unsigned int max_size, size, size_found = 0;
	long long cost = 0, prev_cost;
	void *cache;

	/*
	 * Search from max_cache_size*5 down to 64K - the real relevant
	 * cachesize has to lie somewhere inbetween.
	 */
	if (max_cache_size) {
		max_size = max(max_cache_size * SEARCH_SCOPE, MIN_CACHE_SIZE);
		size = max(max_cache_size / SEARCH_SCOPE, MIN_CACHE_SIZE);
	} else {
		/*
		 * Since we have no estimation about the relevant
		 * search range
		 */
		max_size = DEFAULT_CACHE_SIZE * SEARCH_SCOPE;
		size = MIN_CACHE_SIZE;
	}

	if (!cpu_online(cpu1) || !cpu_online(cpu2)) {
		printk("cpu %d and %d not both online!\n", cpu1, cpu2);
		return 0;
	}

	/*
	 * Allocate the working set:
	 */
	cache = vmalloc(max_size);
	if (!cache) {
		printk("could not vmalloc %d bytes for cache!\n", 2 * max_size);
		return 1000000; /* return 1 msec on very small boxen */
	}

	while (size <= max_size) {
		prev_cost = cost;
		cost = measure_cost(cpu1, cpu2, cache, size);

		/*
		 * Update the max:
		 */
		if (cost > 0) {
			if (max_cost < cost) {
				max_cost = cost;
				size_found = size;
			}
		}
		/*
		 * Calculate average fluctuation, we use this to prevent
		 * noise from triggering an early break out of the loop:
		 */
		fluct = abs(cost - prev_cost);
		avg_fluct = (avg_fluct + fluct)/2;

		if (migration_debug)
			printk("-> [%d][%d][%7d] %3ld.%ld [%3ld.%ld] (%ld): "
				"(%8Ld %8Ld)\n",
				cpu1, cpu2, size,
				(long)cost / 1000000,
				((long)cost / 100000) % 10,
				(long)max_cost / 1000000,
				((long)max_cost / 100000) % 10,
				domain_distance(cpu1, cpu2),
				cost, avg_fluct);

		/*
		 * If we iterated at least 20% past the previous maximum,
		 * and the cost has dropped by more than 20% already,
		 * (taking fluctuations into account) then we assume to
		 * have found the maximum and break out of the loop early:
		 */
		if (size_found && (size*100 > size_found*SIZE_THRESH))
			if (cost+avg_fluct <= 0 ||
				max_cost*100 > (cost+avg_fluct)*COST_THRESH) {

				if (migration_debug)
					printk("-> found max.\n");
				break;
			}
		/*
		 * Increase the cachesize in 10% steps:
		 */
		size = size * 10 / 9;
	}

	if (migration_debug)
		printk("[%d][%d] working set size found: %d, cost: %Ld\n",
			cpu1, cpu2, size_found, max_cost);

	vfree(cache);

	/*
	 * A task is considered 'cache cold' if at least 2 times
	 * the worst-case cost of migration has passed.
	 *
	 * (this limit is only listened to if the load-balancing
	 * situation is 'nice' - if there is a large imbalance we
	 * ignore it for the sake of CPU utilization and
	 * processing fairness.)
	 */
	return 2 * max_cost * migration_factor / MIGRATION_FACTOR_SCALE;
}

static void calibrate_migration_costs(const cpumask_t *cpu_map)
{
	int cpu1 = -1, cpu2 = -1, cpu, orig_cpu = raw_smp_processor_id();
	unsigned long j0, j1, distance, max_distance = 0;
	struct sched_domain *sd;

	j0 = jiffies;

	/*
	 * First pass - calculate the cacheflush times:
	 */
	for_each_cpu_mask(cpu1, *cpu_map) {
		for_each_cpu_mask(cpu2, *cpu_map) {
			if (cpu1 == cpu2)
				continue;
			distance = domain_distance(cpu1, cpu2);
			max_distance = max(max_distance, distance);
			/*
			 * No result cached yet?
			 */
			if (migration_cost[distance] == -1LL)
				migration_cost[distance] =
					measure_migration_cost(cpu1, cpu2);
		}
	}
	/*
	 * Second pass - update the sched domain hierarchy with
	 * the new cache-hot-time estimations:
	 */
	for_each_cpu_mask(cpu, *cpu_map) {
		distance = 0;
		for_each_domain(cpu, sd) {
			sd->cache_hot_time = migration_cost[distance];
			distance++;
		}
	}
	/*
	 * Print the matrix:
	 */
	if (migration_debug)
		printk("migration: max_cache_size: %d, cpu: %d MHz:\n",
			max_cache_size,
#ifdef CONFIG_X86
			cpu_khz/1000
#else
			-1
#endif
		);
	if (system_state == SYSTEM_BOOTING && num_online_cpus() > 1) {
		printk("migration_cost=");
		for (distance = 0; distance <= max_distance; distance++) {
			if (distance)
				printk(",");
			printk("%ld", (long)migration_cost[distance] / 1000);
		}
		printk("\n");
	}
	j1 = jiffies;
	if (migration_debug)
		printk("migration: %ld seconds\n", (j1-j0) / HZ);

	/*
	 * Move back to the original CPU. NUMA-Q gets confused
	 * if we migrate to another quad during bootup.
	 */
	if (raw_smp_processor_id() != orig_cpu) {
		cpumask_t mask = cpumask_of_cpu(orig_cpu),
			saved_mask = current->cpus_allowed;

		set_cpus_allowed(current, mask);
		set_cpus_allowed(current, saved_mask);
	}
}

#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA

/**
 * find_next_best_node - find the next node to include in a sched_domain
 * @node: node whose sched_domain we're building
 * @used_nodes: nodes already in the sched_domain
 *
 * Find the next node to include in a given scheduling domain.  Simply
 * finds the closest node not already in the @used_nodes map.
 *
 * Should use nodemask_t.
 */
static int find_next_best_node(int node, unsigned long *used_nodes)
{
	int i, n, val, min_val, best_node = 0;

	min_val = INT_MAX;

	for (i = 0; i < MAX_NUMNODES; i++) {
		/* Start at @node */
		n = (node + i) % MAX_NUMNODES;

		if (!nr_cpus_node(n))
			continue;

		/* Skip already used nodes */
		if (test_bit(n, used_nodes))
			continue;

		/* Simple min distance search */
		val = node_distance(node, n);

		if (val < min_val) {
			min_val = val;
			best_node = n;
		}
	}

	set_bit(best_node, used_nodes);
	return best_node;
}

/**
 * sched_domain_node_span - get a cpumask for a node's sched_domain
 * @node: node whose cpumask we're constructing
 * @size: number of nodes to include in this span
 *
 * Given a node, construct a good cpumask for its sched_domain to span.  It
 * should be one that prevents unnecessary balancing, but also spreads tasks
 * out optimally.
 */
static cpumask_t sched_domain_node_span(int node)
{
	DECLARE_BITMAP(used_nodes, MAX_NUMNODES);
	cpumask_t span, nodemask;
	int i;

	cpus_clear(span);
	bitmap_zero(used_nodes, MAX_NUMNODES);

	nodemask = node_to_cpumask(node);
	cpus_or(span, span, nodemask);
	set_bit(node, used_nodes);

	for (i = 1; i < SD_NODES_PER_DOMAIN; i++) {
		int next_node = find_next_best_node(node, used_nodes);

		nodemask = node_to_cpumask(next_node);
		cpus_or(span, span, nodemask);
	}

	return span;
}
#endif

int sched_smt_power_savings = 0, sched_mc_power_savings = 0;

/*
 * SMT sched-domains:
 */
#ifdef CONFIG_SCHED_SMT
static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct sched_domain, cpu_domains);
static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct sched_group, sched_group_cpus);

static int cpu_to_cpu_group(int cpu, const cpumask_t *cpu_map,
			    struct sched_group **sg)
{
	if (sg)
		*sg = &per_cpu(sched_group_cpus, cpu);
	return cpu;
}
#endif

/*
 * multi-core sched-domains:
 */
#ifdef CONFIG_SCHED_MC
static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct sched_domain, core_domains);
static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct sched_group, sched_group_core);
#endif

#if defined(CONFIG_SCHED_MC) && defined(CONFIG_SCHED_SMT)
static int cpu_to_core_group(int cpu, const cpumask_t *cpu_map,
			     struct sched_group **sg)
{
	int group;
	cpumask_t mask = cpu_sibling_map[cpu];
	cpus_and(mask, mask, *cpu_map);
	group = first_cpu(mask);
	if (sg)
		*sg = &per_cpu(sched_group_core, group);
	return group;
}
#elif defined(CONFIG_SCHED_MC)
static int cpu_to_core_group(int cpu, const cpumask_t *cpu_map,
			     struct sched_group **sg)
{
	if (sg)
		*sg = &per_cpu(sched_group_core, cpu);
	return cpu;
}
#endif

static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct sched_domain, phys_domains);
static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct sched_group, sched_group_phys);

static int cpu_to_phys_group(int cpu, const cpumask_t *cpu_map,
			     struct sched_group **sg)
{
	int group;
#ifdef CONFIG_SCHED_MC
	cpumask_t mask = cpu_coregroup_map(cpu);
	cpus_and(mask, mask, *cpu_map);
	group = first_cpu(mask);
#elif defined(CONFIG_SCHED_SMT)
	cpumask_t mask = cpu_sibling_map[cpu];
	cpus_and(mask, mask, *cpu_map);
	group = first_cpu(mask);
#else
	group = cpu;
#endif
	if (sg)
		*sg = &per_cpu(sched_group_phys, group);
	return group;
}

#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
/*
 * The init_sched_build_groups can't handle what we want to do with node
 * groups, so roll our own. Now each node has its own list of groups which
 * gets dynamically allocated.
 */
static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct sched_domain, node_domains);
static struct sched_group **sched_group_nodes_bycpu[NR_CPUS];

static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct sched_domain, allnodes_domains);
static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct sched_group, sched_group_allnodes);

static int cpu_to_allnodes_group(int cpu, const cpumask_t *cpu_map,
				 struct sched_group **sg)
{
	cpumask_t nodemask = node_to_cpumask(cpu_to_node(cpu));
	int group;

	cpus_and(nodemask, nodemask, *cpu_map);
	group = first_cpu(nodemask);

	if (sg)
		*sg = &per_cpu(sched_group_allnodes, group);
	return group;
}

static void init_numa_sched_groups_power(struct sched_group *group_head)
{
	struct sched_group *sg = group_head;
	int j;

	if (!sg)
		return;
next_sg:
	for_each_cpu_mask(j, sg->cpumask) {
		struct sched_domain *sd;

		sd = &per_cpu(phys_domains, j);
		if (j != first_cpu(sd->groups->cpumask)) {
			/*
			 * Only add "power" once for each
			 * physical package.
			 */
			continue;
		}

		sg->cpu_power += sd->groups->cpu_power;
	}
	sg = sg->next;
	if (sg != group_head)
		goto next_sg;
}
#endif

#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
/* Free memory allocated for various sched_group structures */
static void free_sched_groups(const cpumask_t *cpu_map)
{
	int cpu, i;

	for_each_cpu_mask(cpu, *cpu_map) {
		struct sched_group **sched_group_nodes
			= sched_group_nodes_bycpu[cpu];

		if (!sched_group_nodes)
			continue;

		for (i = 0; i < MAX_NUMNODES; i++) {
			cpumask_t nodemask = node_to_cpumask(i);
			struct sched_group *oldsg, *sg = sched_group_nodes[i];

			cpus_and(nodemask, nodemask, *cpu_map);
			if (cpus_empty(nodemask))
				continue;

			if (sg == NULL)
				continue;
			sg = sg->next;
next_sg:
			oldsg = sg;
			sg = sg->next;
			kfree(oldsg);
			if (oldsg != sched_group_nodes[i])
				goto next_sg;
		}
		kfree(sched_group_nodes);
		sched_group_nodes_bycpu[cpu] = NULL;
	}
}
#else
static void free_sched_groups(const cpumask_t *cpu_map)
{
}
#endif

/*
 * Initialize sched groups cpu_power.
 *
 * cpu_power indicates the capacity of sched group, which is used while
 * distributing the load between different sched groups in a sched domain.
 * Typically cpu_power for all the groups in a sched domain will be same unless
 * there are asymmetries in the topology. If there are asymmetries, group
 * having more cpu_power will pickup more load compared to the group having
 * less cpu_power.
 *
 * cpu_power will be a multiple of SCHED_LOAD_SCALE. This multiple represents
 * the maximum number of tasks a group can handle in the presence of other idle
 * or lightly loaded groups in the same sched domain.
 */
static void init_sched_groups_power(int cpu, struct sched_domain *sd)
{
	struct sched_domain *child;
	struct sched_group *group;

	WARN_ON(!sd || !sd->groups);

	if (cpu != first_cpu(sd->groups->cpumask))
		return;

	child = sd->child;

	/*
	 * For perf policy, if the groups in child domain share resources
	 * (for example cores sharing some portions of the cache hierarchy
	 * or SMT), then set this domain groups cpu_power such that each group
	 * can handle only one task, when there are other idle groups in the
	 * same sched domain.
	 */
	if (!child || (!(sd->flags & SD_POWERSAVINGS_BALANCE) &&
		       (child->flags &
			(SD_SHARE_CPUPOWER | SD_SHARE_PKG_RESOURCES)))) {
		sd->groups->cpu_power = SCHED_LOAD_SCALE;
		return;
	}

	sd->groups->cpu_power = 0;

	/*
	 * add cpu_power of each child group to this groups cpu_power
	 */
	group = child->groups;
	do {
		sd->groups->cpu_power += group->cpu_power;
		group = group->next;
	} while (group != child->groups);
}

/*
 * Build sched domains for a given set of cpus and attach the sched domains
 * to the individual cpus
 */
static int build_sched_domains(const cpumask_t *cpu_map)
{
	int i;
	struct sched_domain *sd;
#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
	struct sched_group **sched_group_nodes = NULL;
	int sd_allnodes = 0;

	/*
	 * Allocate the per-node list of sched groups
	 */
	sched_group_nodes = kzalloc(sizeof(struct sched_group*)*MAX_NUMNODES,
					   GFP_KERNEL);
	if (!sched_group_nodes) {
		printk(KERN_WARNING "Can not alloc sched group node list\n");
		return -ENOMEM;
	}
	sched_group_nodes_bycpu[first_cpu(*cpu_map)] = sched_group_nodes;
#endif

	/*
	 * Set up domains for cpus specified by the cpu_map.
	 */
	for_each_cpu_mask(i, *cpu_map) {
		struct sched_domain *sd = NULL, *p;
		cpumask_t nodemask = node_to_cpumask(cpu_to_node(i));

		cpus_and(nodemask, nodemask, *cpu_map);

#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
		if (cpus_weight(*cpu_map)
				> SD_NODES_PER_DOMAIN*cpus_weight(nodemask)) {
			sd = &per_cpu(allnodes_domains, i);
			*sd = SD_ALLNODES_INIT;
			sd->span = *cpu_map;
			cpu_to_allnodes_group(i, cpu_map, &sd->groups);
			p = sd;
			sd_allnodes = 1;
		} else
			p = NULL;

		sd = &per_cpu(node_domains, i);
		*sd = SD_NODE_INIT;
		sd->span = sched_domain_node_span(cpu_to_node(i));
		sd->parent = p;
		if (p)
			p->child = sd;
		cpus_and(sd->span, sd->span, *cpu_map);
#endif

		p = sd;
		sd = &per_cpu(phys_domains, i);
		*sd = SD_CPU_INIT;
		sd->span = nodemask;
		sd->parent = p;
		if (p)
			p->child = sd;
		cpu_to_phys_group(i, cpu_map, &sd->groups);

#ifdef CONFIG_SCHED_MC
		p = sd;
		sd = &per_cpu(core_domains, i);
		*sd = SD_MC_INIT;
		sd->span = cpu_coregroup_map(i);
		cpus_and(sd->span, sd->span, *cpu_map);
		sd->parent = p;
		p->child = sd;
		cpu_to_core_group(i, cpu_map, &sd->groups);
#endif

#ifdef CONFIG_SCHED_SMT
		p = sd;
		sd = &per_cpu(cpu_domains, i);
		*sd = SD_SIBLING_INIT;
		sd->span = cpu_sibling_map[i];
		cpus_and(sd->span, sd->span, *cpu_map);
		sd->parent = p;
		p->child = sd;
		cpu_to_cpu_group(i, cpu_map, &sd->groups);
#endif
	}

#ifdef CONFIG_SCHED_SMT
	/* Set up CPU (sibling) groups */
	for_each_cpu_mask(i, *cpu_map) {
		cpumask_t this_sibling_map = cpu_sibling_map[i];
		cpus_and(this_sibling_map, this_sibling_map, *cpu_map);
		if (i != first_cpu(this_sibling_map))
			continue;

		init_sched_build_groups(this_sibling_map, cpu_map, &cpu_to_cpu_group);
	}
#endif

#ifdef CONFIG_SCHED_MC
	/* Set up multi-core groups */
	for_each_cpu_mask(i, *cpu_map) {
		cpumask_t this_core_map = cpu_coregroup_map(i);
		cpus_and(this_core_map, this_core_map, *cpu_map);
		if (i != first_cpu(this_core_map))
			continue;
		init_sched_build_groups(this_core_map, cpu_map, &cpu_to_core_group);
	}
#endif


	/* Set up physical groups */
	for (i = 0; i < MAX_NUMNODES; i++) {
		cpumask_t nodemask = node_to_cpumask(i);

		cpus_and(nodemask, nodemask, *cpu_map);
		if (cpus_empty(nodemask))
			continue;

		init_sched_build_groups(nodemask, cpu_map, &cpu_to_phys_group);
	}

#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
	/* Set up node groups */
	if (sd_allnodes)
		init_sched_build_groups(*cpu_map, cpu_map, &cpu_to_allnodes_group);

	for (i = 0; i < MAX_NUMNODES; i++) {
		/* Set up node groups */
		struct sched_group *sg, *prev;
		cpumask_t nodemask = node_to_cpumask(i);
		cpumask_t domainspan;
		cpumask_t covered = CPU_MASK_NONE;
		int j;

		cpus_and(nodemask, nodemask, *cpu_map);
		if (cpus_empty(nodemask)) {
			sched_group_nodes[i] = NULL;
			continue;
		}

		domainspan = sched_domain_node_span(i);
		cpus_and(domainspan, domainspan, *cpu_map);

		sg = kmalloc_node(sizeof(struct sched_group), GFP_KERNEL, i);
		if (!sg) {
			printk(KERN_WARNING "Can not alloc domain group for "
				"node %d\n", i);
			goto error;
		}
		sched_group_nodes[i] = sg;
		for_each_cpu_mask(j, nodemask) {
			struct sched_domain *sd;
			sd = &per_cpu(node_domains, j);
			sd->groups = sg;
		}
		sg->cpu_power = 0;
		sg->cpumask = nodemask;
		sg->next = sg;
		cpus_or(covered, covered, nodemask);
		prev = sg;

		for (j = 0; j < MAX_NUMNODES; j++) {
			cpumask_t tmp, notcovered;
			int n = (i + j) % MAX_NUMNODES;

			cpus_complement(notcovered, covered);
			cpus_and(tmp, notcovered, *cpu_map);
			cpus_and(tmp, tmp, domainspan);
			if (cpus_empty(tmp))
				break;

			nodemask = node_to_cpumask(n);
			cpus_and(tmp, tmp, nodemask);
			if (cpus_empty(tmp))
				continue;

			sg = kmalloc_node(sizeof(struct sched_group),
					  GFP_KERNEL, i);
			if (!sg) {
				printk(KERN_WARNING
				"Can not alloc domain group for node %d\n", j);
				goto error;
			}
			sg->cpu_power = 0;
			sg->cpumask = tmp;
			sg->next = prev->next;
			cpus_or(covered, covered, tmp);
			prev->next = sg;
			prev = sg;
		}
	}
#endif

	/* Calculate CPU power for physical packages and nodes */
#ifdef CONFIG_SCHED_SMT
	for_each_cpu_mask(i, *cpu_map) {
		sd = &per_cpu(cpu_domains, i);
		init_sched_groups_power(i, sd);
	}
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_SCHED_MC
	for_each_cpu_mask(i, *cpu_map) {
		sd = &per_cpu(core_domains, i);
		init_sched_groups_power(i, sd);
	}
#endif

	for_each_cpu_mask(i, *cpu_map) {
		sd = &per_cpu(phys_domains, i);
		init_sched_groups_power(i, sd);
	}

#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
	for (i = 0; i < MAX_NUMNODES; i++)
		init_numa_sched_groups_power(sched_group_nodes[i]);

	if (sd_allnodes) {
		struct sched_group *sg;

		cpu_to_allnodes_group(first_cpu(*cpu_map), cpu_map, &sg);
		init_numa_sched_groups_power(sg);
	}
#endif

	/* Attach the domains */
	for_each_cpu_mask(i, *cpu_map) {
		struct sched_domain *sd;
#ifdef CONFIG_SCHED_SMT
		sd = &per_cpu(cpu_domains, i);
#elif defined(CONFIG_SCHED_MC)
		sd = &per_cpu(core_domains, i);
#else
		sd = &per_cpu(phys_domains, i);
#endif
		cpu_attach_domain(sd, i);
	}
	/*
	 * Tune cache-hot values:
	 */
	calibrate_migration_costs(cpu_map);

	return 0;

#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
error:
	free_sched_groups(cpu_map);
	return -ENOMEM;
#endif
}
/*
 * Set up scheduler domains and groups.  Callers must hold the hotplug lock.
 */
static int arch_init_sched_domains(const cpumask_t *cpu_map)
{
	cpumask_t cpu_default_map;
	int err;

	/*
	 * Setup mask for cpus without special case scheduling requirements.
	 * For now this just excludes isolated cpus, but could be used to
	 * exclude other special cases in the future.
	 */
	cpus_andnot(cpu_default_map, *cpu_map, cpu_isolated_map);

	err = build_sched_domains(&cpu_default_map);

	return err;
}

static void arch_destroy_sched_domains(const cpumask_t *cpu_map)
{
	free_sched_groups(cpu_map);
}

/*
 * Detach sched domains from a group of cpus specified in cpu_map
 * These cpus will now be attached to the NULL domain
 */
static void detach_destroy_domains(const cpumask_t *cpu_map)
{
	int i;

	for_each_cpu_mask(i, *cpu_map)
		cpu_attach_domain(NULL, i);
	synchronize_sched();
	arch_destroy_sched_domains(cpu_map);
}

/*
 * Partition sched domains as specified by the cpumasks below.
 * This attaches all cpus from the cpumasks to the NULL domain,
 * waits for a RCU quiescent period, recalculates sched
 * domain information and then attaches them back to the
 * correct sched domains
 * Call with hotplug lock held
 */
int partition_sched_domains(cpumask_t *partition1, cpumask_t *partition2)
{
	cpumask_t change_map;
	int err = 0;

	cpus_and(*partition1, *partition1, cpu_online_map);
	cpus_and(*partition2, *partition2, cpu_online_map);
	cpus_or(change_map, *partition1, *partition2);

	/* Detach sched domains from all of the affected cpus */
	detach_destroy_domains(&change_map);
	if (!cpus_empty(*partition1))
		err = build_sched_domains(partition1);
	if (!err && !cpus_empty(*partition2))
		err = build_sched_domains(partition2);

	return err;
}

#if defined(CONFIG_SCHED_MC) || defined(CONFIG_SCHED_SMT)
int arch_reinit_sched_domains(void)
{
	int err;

	lock_cpu_hotplug();
	detach_destroy_domains(&cpu_online_map);
	err = arch_init_sched_domains(&cpu_online_map);
	unlock_cpu_hotplug();

	return err;
}

static ssize_t sched_power_savings_store(const char *buf, size_t count, int smt)
{
	int ret;

	if (buf[0] != '0' && buf[0] != '1')
		return -EINVAL;

	if (smt)
		sched_smt_power_savings = (buf[0] == '1');
	else
		sched_mc_power_savings = (buf[0] == '1');

	ret = arch_reinit_sched_domains();

	return ret ? ret : count;
}

int sched_create_sysfs_power_savings_entries(struct sysdev_class *cls)
{
	int err = 0;

#ifdef CONFIG_SCHED_SMT
	if (smt_capable())
		err = sysfs_create_file(&cls->kset.kobj,
					&attr_sched_smt_power_savings.attr);
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_SCHED_MC
	if (!err && mc_capable())
		err = sysfs_create_file(&cls->kset.kobj,
					&attr_sched_mc_power_savings.attr);
#endif
	return err;
}
#endif

#ifdef CONFIG_SCHED_MC
static ssize_t sched_mc_power_savings_show(struct sys_device *dev, char *page)
{
	return sprintf(page, "%u\n", sched_mc_power_savings);
}
static ssize_t sched_mc_power_savings_store(struct sys_device *dev,
					    const char *buf, size_t count)
{
	return sched_power_savings_store(buf, count, 0);
}
SYSDEV_ATTR(sched_mc_power_savings, 0644, sched_mc_power_savings_show,
	    sched_mc_power_savings_store);
#endif

#ifdef CONFIG_SCHED_SMT
static ssize_t sched_smt_power_savings_show(struct sys_device *dev, char *page)
{
	return sprintf(page, "%u\n", sched_smt_power_savings);
}
static ssize_t sched_smt_power_savings_store(struct sys_device *dev,
					     const char *buf, size_t count)
{
	return sched_power_savings_store(buf, count, 1);
}
SYSDEV_ATTR(sched_smt_power_savings, 0644, sched_smt_power_savings_show,
	    sched_smt_power_savings_store);
#endif

/*
 * Force a reinitialization of the sched domains hierarchy.  The domains
 * and groups cannot be updated in place without racing with the balancing
 * code, so we temporarily attach all running cpus to the NULL domain
 * which will prevent rebalancing while the sched domains are recalculated.
 */
static int update_sched_domains(struct notifier_block *nfb,
				unsigned long action, void *hcpu)
{
	switch (action) {
	case CPU_UP_PREPARE:
	case CPU_DOWN_PREPARE:
		detach_destroy_domains(&cpu_online_map);
		return NOTIFY_OK;

	case CPU_UP_CANCELED:
	case CPU_DOWN_FAILED:
	case CPU_ONLINE:
	case CPU_DEAD:
		/*
		 * Fall through and re-initialise the domains.
		 */
		break;
	default:
		return NOTIFY_DONE;
	}

	/* The hotplug lock is already held by cpu_up/cpu_down */
	arch_init_sched_domains(&cpu_online_map);

	return NOTIFY_OK;
}

void __init sched_init_smp(void)
{
	cpumask_t non_isolated_cpus;

	lock_cpu_hotplug();
	arch_init_sched_domains(&cpu_online_map);
	cpus_andnot(non_isolated_cpus, cpu_possible_map, cpu_isolated_map);
	if (cpus_empty(non_isolated_cpus))
		cpu_set(smp_processor_id(), non_isolated_cpus);
	unlock_cpu_hotplug();
	/* XXX: Theoretical race here - CPU may be hotplugged now */
	hotcpu_notifier(update_sched_domains, 0);

	/* Move init over to a non-isolated CPU */
	if (set_cpus_allowed(current, non_isolated_cpus) < 0)
		BUG();
}
#else
void __init sched_init_smp(void)
{
}
#endif /* CONFIG_SMP */

int in_sched_functions(unsigned long addr)
{
	/* Linker adds these: start and end of __sched functions */
	extern char __sched_text_start[], __sched_text_end[];

	return in_lock_functions(addr) ||
		(addr >= (unsigned long)__sched_text_start
		&& addr < (unsigned long)__sched_text_end);
}

void __init sched_init(void)
{
	int i, j, k;

	for_each_possible_cpu(i) {
		struct prio_array *array;
		struct rq *rq;

		rq = cpu_rq(i);
		spin_lock_init(&rq->lock);
		lockdep_set_class(&rq->lock, &rq->rq_lock_key);
		rq->nr_running = 0;
		rq->active = rq->arrays;
		rq->expired = rq->arrays + 1;
		rq->best_expired_prio = MAX_PRIO;

#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
		rq->sd = NULL;
		for (j = 1; j < 3; j++)
			rq->cpu_load[j] = 0;
		rq->active_balance = 0;
		rq->push_cpu = 0;
		rq->cpu = i;
		rq->migration_thread = NULL;
		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&rq->migration_queue);
#endif
		atomic_set(&rq->nr_iowait, 0);

		for (j = 0; j < 2; j++) {
			array = rq->arrays + j;
			for (k = 0; k < MAX_PRIO; k++) {
				INIT_LIST_HEAD(array->queue + k);
				__clear_bit(k, array->bitmap);
			}
			// delimiter for bitsearch
			__set_bit(MAX_PRIO, array->bitmap);
		}
	}

	set_load_weight(&init_task);

#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
	open_softirq(SCHED_SOFTIRQ, run_rebalance_domains, NULL);
#endif

#ifdef CONFIG_RT_MUTEXES
	plist_head_init(&init_task.pi_waiters, &init_task.pi_lock);
#endif

	/*
	 * The boot idle thread does lazy MMU switching as well:
	 */
	atomic_inc(&init_mm.mm_count);
	enter_lazy_tlb(&init_mm, current);

	/*
	 * Make us the idle thread. Technically, schedule() should not be
	 * called from this thread, however somewhere below it might be,
	 * but because we are the idle thread, we just pick up running again
	 * when this runqueue becomes "idle".
	 */
	init_idle(current, smp_processor_id());
}

#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_SPINLOCK_SLEEP
void __might_sleep(char *file, int line)
{
#ifdef in_atomic
	static unsigned long prev_jiffy;	/* ratelimiting */

	if ((in_atomic() || irqs_disabled()) &&
	    system_state == SYSTEM_RUNNING && !oops_in_progress) {
		if (time_before(jiffies, prev_jiffy + HZ) && prev_jiffy)
			return;
		prev_jiffy = jiffies;
		printk(KERN_ERR "BUG: sleeping function called from invalid"
				" context at %s:%d\n", file, line);
		printk("in_atomic():%d, irqs_disabled():%d\n",
			in_atomic(), irqs_disabled());
		debug_show_held_locks(current);
		if (irqs_disabled())
			print_irqtrace_events(current);
		dump_stack();
	}
#endif
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(__might_sleep);
#endif

#ifdef CONFIG_MAGIC_SYSRQ
void normalize_rt_tasks(void)
{
	struct prio_array *array;
	struct task_struct *p;
	unsigned long flags;
	struct rq *rq;

	read_lock_irq(&tasklist_lock);
	for_each_process(p) {
		if (!rt_task(p))
			continue;

		spin_lock_irqsave(&p->pi_lock, flags);
		rq = __task_rq_lock(p);

		array = p->array;
		if (array)
			deactivate_task(p, task_rq(p));
		__setscheduler(p, SCHED_NORMAL, 0);
		if (array) {
			__activate_task(p, task_rq(p));
			resched_task(rq->curr);
		}

		__task_rq_unlock(rq);
		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&p->pi_lock, flags);
	}
	read_unlock_irq(&tasklist_lock);
}

#endif /* CONFIG_MAGIC_SYSRQ */

#ifdef CONFIG_IA64
/*
 * These functions are only useful for the IA64 MCA handling.
 *
 * They can only be called when the whole system has been
 * stopped - every CPU needs to be quiescent, and no scheduling
 * activity can take place. Using them for anything else would
 * be a serious bug, and as a result, they aren't even visible
 * under any other configuration.
 */

/**
 * curr_task - return the current task for a given cpu.
 * @cpu: the processor in question.
 *
 * ONLY VALID WHEN THE WHOLE SYSTEM IS STOPPED!
 */
struct task_struct *curr_task(int cpu)
{
	return cpu_curr(cpu);
}

/**
 * set_curr_task - set the current task for a given cpu.
 * @cpu: the processor in question.
 * @p: the task pointer to set.
 *
 * Description: This function must only be used when non-maskable interrupts
 * are serviced on a separate stack.  It allows the architecture to switch the
 * notion of the current task on a cpu in a non-blocking manner.  This function
 * must be called with all CPU's synchronized, and interrupts disabled, the
 * and caller must save the original value of the current task (see
 * curr_task() above) and restore that value before reenabling interrupts and
 * re-starting the system.
 *
 * ONLY VALID WHEN THE WHOLE SYSTEM IS STOPPED!
 */
void set_curr_task(int cpu, struct task_struct *p)
{
	cpu_curr(cpu) = p;
}

#endif