sockets.cpp

/*
 * Copyright (C) 2007 The Android Open Source Project
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

#define TRACE_TAG SOCKETS

#include "sysdeps.h"

#include <ctype.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>

#include <algorithm>
#include <mutex>
#include <string>
#include <vector>

#if !ADB_HOST
#include <android-base/properties.h>
#include <log/log_properties.h>
#endif

#include "adb.h"
#include "adb_io.h"
#include "transport.h"
#include "types.h"

static std::recursive_mutex& local_socket_list_lock = *new std::recursive_mutex();
static unsigned local_socket_next_id = 1;

static auto& local_socket_list = *new std::vector<asocket*>();

/* the the list of currently closing local sockets.
** these have no peer anymore, but still packets to
** write to their fd.
*/
static auto& local_socket_closing_list = *new std::vector<asocket*>();

// Parse the global list of sockets to find one with id |local_id|.
// If |peer_id| is not 0, also check that it is connected to a peer
// with id |peer_id|. Returns an asocket handle on success, NULL on failure.
asocket* find_local_socket(unsigned local_id, unsigned peer_id) {
    asocket* result = nullptr;

    std::lock_guard<std::recursive_mutex> lock(local_socket_list_lock);
    for (asocket* s : local_socket_list) {
        if (s->id != local_id) {
            continue;
        }
        if (peer_id == 0 || (s->peer && s->peer->id == peer_id)) {
            result = s;
        }
        break;
    }

    return result;
}

void install_local_socket(asocket* s) {
    std::lock_guard<std::recursive_mutex> lock(local_socket_list_lock);

    s->id = local_socket_next_id++;

    // Socket ids should never be 0.
    if (local_socket_next_id == 0) {
        LOG(FATAL) << "local socket id overflow";
    }

    local_socket_list.push_back(s);
}

void remove_socket(asocket* s) {
    std::lock_guard<std::recursive_mutex> lock(local_socket_list_lock);
    for (auto list : { &local_socket_list, &local_socket_closing_list }) {
        list->erase(std::remove_if(list->begin(), list->end(), [s](asocket* x) { return x == s; }),
                    list->end());
    }
}

void close_all_sockets(atransport* t) {
    /* this is a little gross, but since s->close() *will* modify
    ** the list out from under you, your options are limited.
    */
    std::lock_guard<std::recursive_mutex> lock(local_socket_list_lock);
restart:
    for (asocket* s : local_socket_list) {
        if (s->transport == t || (s->peer && s->peer->transport == t)) {
            s->close(s);
            goto restart;
        }
    }
}

enum class SocketFlushResult {
    Destroyed,
    TryAgain,
    Completed,
};

static SocketFlushResult local_socket_flush_incoming(asocket* s) {
    if (!s->packet_queue.empty()) {
        std::vector<adb_iovec> iov = s->packet_queue.iovecs();
        ssize_t rc = adb_writev(s->fd, iov.data(), iov.size());
        if (rc > 0 && static_cast<size_t>(rc) == s->packet_queue.size()) {
            s->packet_queue.clear();
        } else if (rc > 0) {
            // TODO: Implement a faster drop_front?
            s->packet_queue.take_front(rc);
            fdevent_add(s->fde, FDE_WRITE);
            return SocketFlushResult::TryAgain;
        } else if (rc == -1 && errno == EAGAIN) {
            fdevent_add(s->fde, FDE_WRITE);
            return SocketFlushResult::TryAgain;
        } else {
            // We failed to write, but it's possible that we can still read from the socket.
            // Give that a try before giving up.
            s->has_write_error = true;
        }
    }

    // If we sent the last packet of a closing socket, we can now destroy it.
    if (s->closing) {
        s->close(s);
        return SocketFlushResult::Destroyed;
    }

    fdevent_del(s->fde, FDE_WRITE);
    return SocketFlushResult::Completed;
}

// Returns false if the socket has been closed and destroyed as a side-effect of this function.
static bool local_socket_flush_outgoing(asocket* s) {
    const size_t max_payload = s->get_max_payload();
    apacket::payload_type data;
    data.resize(max_payload);
    char* x = &data[0];
    size_t avail = max_payload;
    int r = 0;
    int is_eof = 0;

    while (avail > 0) {
        r = adb_read(s->fd, x, avail);
        D("LS(%d): post adb_read(fd=%d,...) r=%d (errno=%d) avail=%zu", s->id, s->fd, r,
          r < 0 ? errno : 0, avail);
        if (r == -1) {
            if (errno == EAGAIN) {
                break;
            }
        } else if (r > 0) {
            avail -= r;
            x += r;
            continue;
        }

        /* r = 0 or unhandled error */
        is_eof = 1;
        break;
    }
    D("LS(%d): fd=%d post avail loop. r=%d is_eof=%d forced_eof=%d", s->id, s->fd, r, is_eof,
      s->fde->force_eof);

    if (avail != max_payload && s->peer) {
        data.resize(max_payload - avail);

        // s->peer->enqueue() may call s->close() and free s,
        // so save variables for debug printing below.
        unsigned saved_id = s->id;
        int saved_fd = s->fd;
        r = s->peer->enqueue(s->peer, std::move(data));
        D("LS(%u): fd=%d post peer->enqueue(). r=%d", saved_id, saved_fd, r);

        if (r < 0) {
            // Error return means they closed us as a side-effect and we must
            // return immediately.
            //
            // Note that if we still have buffered packets, the socket will be
            // placed on the closing socket list. This handler function will be
            // called again to process FDE_WRITE events.
            return false;
        }

        if (r > 0) {
            /* if the remote cannot accept further events,
            ** we disable notification of READs.  They'll
            ** be enabled again when we get a call to ready()
            */
            fdevent_del(s->fde, FDE_READ);
        }
    }

    // Don't allow a forced eof if data is still there.
    if ((s->fde->force_eof && !r) || is_eof) {
        D(" closing because is_eof=%d r=%d s->fde.force_eof=%d", is_eof, r, s->fde->force_eof);
        s->close(s);
        return false;
    }

    return true;
}

static int local_socket_enqueue(asocket* s, apacket::payload_type data) {
    D("LS(%d): enqueue %zu", s->id, data.size());

    s->packet_queue.append(std::move(data));
    switch (local_socket_flush_incoming(s)) {
        case SocketFlushResult::Destroyed:
            return -1;

        case SocketFlushResult::TryAgain:
            return 1;

        case SocketFlushResult::Completed:
            return 0;
    }

    return !s->packet_queue.empty();
}

static void local_socket_ready(asocket* s) {
    /* far side is ready for data, pay attention to
       readable events */
    fdevent_add(s->fde, FDE_READ);
}

// be sure to hold the socket list lock when calling this
static void local_socket_destroy(asocket* s) {
    int exit_on_close = s->exit_on_close;

    D("LS(%d): destroying fde.fd=%d", s->id, s->fd);

    /* IMPORTANT: the remove closes the fd
    ** that belongs to this socket
    */
    fdevent_destroy(s->fde);

    remove_socket(s);
    delete s;

    if (exit_on_close) {
        D("local_socket_destroy: exiting");
        exit(1);
    }
}

static void local_socket_close(asocket* s) {
    D("entered local_socket_close. LS(%d) fd=%d", s->id, s->fd);
    std::lock_guard<std::recursive_mutex> lock(local_socket_list_lock);
    if (s->peer) {
        D("LS(%d): closing peer. peer->id=%d peer->fd=%d", s->id, s->peer->id, s->peer->fd);
        /* Note: it's important to call shutdown before disconnecting from
         * the peer, this ensures that remote sockets can still get the id
         * of the local socket they're connected to, to send a CLOSE()
         * protocol event. */
        if (s->peer->shutdown) {
            s->peer->shutdown(s->peer);
        }
        s->peer->peer = nullptr;
        s->peer->close(s->peer);
        s->peer = nullptr;
    }

    /* If we are already closing, or if there are no
    ** pending packets, destroy immediately
    */
    if (s->closing || s->has_write_error || s->packet_queue.empty()) {
        int id = s->id;
        local_socket_destroy(s);
        D("LS(%d): closed", id);
        return;
    }

    /* otherwise, put on the closing list
    */
    D("LS(%d): closing", s->id);
    s->closing = 1;
    fdevent_del(s->fde, FDE_READ);
    remove_socket(s);
    D("LS(%d): put on socket_closing_list fd=%d", s->id, s->fd);
    local_socket_closing_list.push_back(s);
    CHECK_EQ(FDE_WRITE, s->fde->state & FDE_WRITE);
}

static void local_socket_event_func(int fd, unsigned ev, void* _s) {
    asocket* s = reinterpret_cast<asocket*>(_s);
    D("LS(%d): event_func(fd=%d(==%d), ev=%04x)", s->id, s->fd, fd, ev);

    /* put the FDE_WRITE processing before the FDE_READ
    ** in order to simplify the code.
    */
    if (ev & FDE_WRITE) {
        switch (local_socket_flush_incoming(s)) {
            case SocketFlushResult::Destroyed:
                return;

            case SocketFlushResult::TryAgain:
                break;

            case SocketFlushResult::Completed:
                s->peer->ready(s->peer);
                break;
        }
    }

    if (ev & FDE_READ) {
        if (!local_socket_flush_outgoing(s)) {
            return;
        }
    }

    if (ev & FDE_ERROR) {
        /* this should be caught be the next read or write
        ** catching it here means we may skip the last few
        ** bytes of readable data.
        */
        D("LS(%d): FDE_ERROR (fd=%d)", s->id, s->fd);
        return;
    }
}

asocket* create_local_socket(int fd) {
    asocket* s = new asocket();
    s->fd = fd;
    s->enqueue = local_socket_enqueue;
    s->ready = local_socket_ready;
    s->shutdown = nullptr;
    s->close = local_socket_close;
    install_local_socket(s);

    s->fde = fdevent_create(fd, local_socket_event_func, s);
    D("LS(%d): created (fd=%d)", s->id, s->fd);
    return s;
}

asocket* create_local_service_socket(const char* name, atransport* transport) {
#if !ADB_HOST
    if (asocket* s = daemon_service_to_socket(name); s) {
        return s;
    }
#endif
    int fd = service_to_fd(name, transport);
    if (fd < 0) {
        return nullptr;
    }

    asocket* s = create_local_socket(fd);
    D("LS(%d): bound to '%s' via %d", s->id, name, fd);

#if !ADB_HOST
    if ((!strncmp(name, "root:", 5) && getuid() != 0 && __android_log_is_debuggable()) ||
        (!strncmp(name, "unroot:", 7) && getuid() == 0) ||
        !strncmp(name, "usb:", 4) ||
        !strncmp(name, "tcpip:", 6)) {
        D("LS(%d): enabling exit_on_close", s->id);
        s->exit_on_close = 1;
    }
#endif

    return s;
}

#if ADB_HOST
static asocket* create_host_service_socket(const char* name, const char* serial,
                                           TransportId transport_id) {
    asocket* s;

    s = host_service_to_socket(name, serial, transport_id);

    if (s != nullptr) {
        D("LS(%d) bound to '%s'", s->id, name);
        return s;
    }

    return s;
}
#endif /* ADB_HOST */

static int remote_socket_enqueue(asocket* s, apacket::payload_type data) {
    D("entered remote_socket_enqueue RS(%d) WRITE fd=%d peer.fd=%d", s->id, s->fd, s->peer->fd);
    apacket* p = get_apacket();

    p->msg.command = A_WRTE;
    p->msg.arg0 = s->peer->id;
    p->msg.arg1 = s->id;

    if (data.size() > MAX_PAYLOAD) {
        put_apacket(p);
        return -1;
    }

    p->payload = std::move(data);
    p->msg.data_length = p->payload.size();

    send_packet(p, s->transport);
    return 1;
}

static void remote_socket_ready(asocket* s) {
    D("entered remote_socket_ready RS(%d) OKAY fd=%d peer.fd=%d", s->id, s->fd, s->peer->fd);
    apacket* p = get_apacket();
    p->msg.command = A_OKAY;
    p->msg.arg0 = s->peer->id;
    p->msg.arg1 = s->id;
    send_packet(p, s->transport);
}

static void remote_socket_shutdown(asocket* s) {
    D("entered remote_socket_shutdown RS(%d) CLOSE fd=%d peer->fd=%d", s->id, s->fd,
      s->peer ? s->peer->fd : -1);
    apacket* p = get_apacket();
    p->msg.command = A_CLSE;
    if (s->peer) {
        p->msg.arg0 = s->peer->id;
    }
    p->msg.arg1 = s->id;
    send_packet(p, s->transport);
}

static void remote_socket_close(asocket* s) {
    if (s->peer) {
        s->peer->peer = nullptr;
        D("RS(%d) peer->close()ing peer->id=%d peer->fd=%d", s->id, s->peer->id, s->peer->fd);
        s->peer->close(s->peer);
    }
    D("entered remote_socket_close RS(%d) CLOSE fd=%d peer->fd=%d", s->id, s->fd,
      s->peer ? s->peer->fd : -1);
    D("RS(%d): closed", s->id);
    delete s;
}

// Create a remote socket to exchange packets with a remote service through transport
// |t|. Where |id| is the socket id of the corresponding service on the other
//  side of the transport (it is allocated by the remote side and _cannot_ be 0).
// Returns a new non-NULL asocket handle.
asocket* create_remote_socket(unsigned id, atransport* t) {
    if (id == 0) {
        LOG(FATAL) << "invalid remote socket id (0)";
    }
    asocket* s = new asocket();
    s->id = id;
    s->enqueue = remote_socket_enqueue;
    s->ready = remote_socket_ready;
    s->shutdown = remote_socket_shutdown;
    s->close = remote_socket_close;
    s->transport = t;

    D("RS(%d): created", s->id);
    return s;
}

void connect_to_remote(asocket* s, const char* destination) {
    D("Connect_to_remote call RS(%d) fd=%d", s->id, s->fd);
    apacket* p = get_apacket();

    D("LS(%d): connect('%s')", s->id, destination);
    p->msg.command = A_OPEN;
    p->msg.arg0 = s->id;

    // adbd expects a null-terminated string.
    p->payload.assign(destination, destination + strlen(destination) + 1);
    p->msg.data_length = p->payload.size();

    CHECK_LE(p->msg.data_length, s->get_max_payload());

    send_packet(p, s->transport);
}

/* this is used by magic sockets to rig local sockets to
   send the go-ahead message when they connect */
static void local_socket_ready_notify(asocket* s) {
    s->ready = local_socket_ready;
    s->shutdown = nullptr;
    s->close = local_socket_close;
    SendOkay(s->fd);
    s->ready(s);
}

/* this is used by magic sockets to rig local sockets to
   send the failure message if they are closed before
   connected (to avoid closing them without a status message) */
static void local_socket_close_notify(asocket* s) {
    s->ready = local_socket_ready;
    s->shutdown = nullptr;
    s->close = local_socket_close;
    SendFail(s->fd, "closed");
    s->close(s);
}

static unsigned unhex(const char* s, int len) {
    unsigned n = 0, c;

    while (len-- > 0) {
        switch ((c = *s++)) {
            case '0':
            case '1':
            case '2':
            case '3':
            case '4':
            case '5':
            case '6':
            case '7':
            case '8':
            case '9':
                c -= '0';
                break;
            case 'a':
            case 'b':
            case 'c':
            case 'd':
            case 'e':
            case 'f':
                c = c - 'a' + 10;
                break;
            case 'A':
            case 'B':
            case 'C':
            case 'D':
            case 'E':
            case 'F':
                c = c - 'A' + 10;
                break;
            default:
                return 0xffffffff;
        }

        n = (n << 4) | c;
    }

    return n;
}

#if ADB_HOST

namespace internal {

// Returns the position in |service| following the target serial parameter. Serial format can be
// any of:
//   * [tcp:|udp:]<serial>[:<port>]:<command>
//   * <prefix>:<serial>:<command>
// Where <port> must be a base-10 number and <prefix> may be any of {usb,product,model,device}.
//
// The returned pointer will point to the ':' just before <command>, or nullptr if not found.
char* skip_host_serial(char* service) {
    static const std::vector<std::string>& prefixes =
        *(new std::vector<std::string>{"usb:", "product:", "model:", "device:"});

    for (const std::string& prefix : prefixes) {
        if (!strncmp(service, prefix.c_str(), prefix.length())) {
            return strchr(service + prefix.length(), ':');
        }
    }

    // For fastboot compatibility, ignore protocol prefixes.
    if (!strncmp(service, "tcp:", 4) || !strncmp(service, "udp:", 4)) {
        service += 4;
    }

    // Check for an IPv6 address. `adb connect` creates the serial number from the canonical
    // network address so it will always have the [] delimiters.
    if (service[0] == '[') {
        char* ipv6_end = strchr(service, ']');
        if (ipv6_end != nullptr) {
            service = ipv6_end;
        }
    }

    // The next colon we find must either begin the port field or the command field.
    char* colon_ptr = strchr(service, ':');
    if (!colon_ptr) {
        // No colon in service string.
        return nullptr;
    }

    // If the next field is only decimal digits and ends with another colon, it's a port.
    char* serial_end = colon_ptr;
    if (isdigit(serial_end[1])) {
        serial_end++;
        while (*serial_end && isdigit(*serial_end)) {
            serial_end++;
        }
        if (*serial_end != ':') {
            // Something other than "<port>:" was found, this must be the command field instead.
            serial_end = colon_ptr;
        }
    }
    return serial_end;
}

}  // namespace internal

#endif  // ADB_HOST

static int smart_socket_enqueue(asocket* s, apacket::payload_type data) {
#if ADB_HOST
    char* service = nullptr;
    char* serial = nullptr;
    TransportId transport_id = 0;
    TransportType type = kTransportAny;
#endif

    D("SS(%d): enqueue %zu", s->id, data.size());

    if (s->smart_socket_data.empty()) {
        // TODO: Make this an IOVector?
        s->smart_socket_data.assign(data.begin(), data.end());
    } else {
        std::copy(data.begin(), data.end(), std::back_inserter(s->smart_socket_data));
    }

    /* don't bother if we can't decode the length */
    if (s->smart_socket_data.size() < 4) {
        return 0;
    }

    uint32_t len = unhex(s->smart_socket_data.data(), 4);
    if (len == 0 || len > MAX_PAYLOAD) {
        D("SS(%d): bad size (%u)", s->id, len);
        goto fail;
    }

    D("SS(%d): len is %u", s->id, len);
    /* can't do anything until we have the full header */
    if ((len + 4) > s->smart_socket_data.size()) {
        D("SS(%d): waiting for %zu more bytes", s->id, len + 4 - s->smart_socket_data.size());
        return 0;
    }

    s->smart_socket_data[len + 4] = 0;

    D("SS(%d): '%s'", s->id, (char*)(s->smart_socket_data.data() + 4));

#if ADB_HOST
    service = &s->smart_socket_data[4];
    if (!strncmp(service, "host-serial:", strlen("host-serial:"))) {
        char* serial_end;
        service += strlen("host-serial:");

        // serial number should follow "host:" and could be a host:port string.
        serial_end = internal::skip_host_serial(service);
        if (serial_end) {
            *serial_end = 0;  // terminate string
            serial = service;
            service = serial_end + 1;
        }
    } else if (!strncmp(service, "host-transport-id:", strlen("host-transport-id:"))) {
        service += strlen("host-transport-id:");
        transport_id = strtoll(service, &service, 10);

        if (*service != ':') {
            return -1;
        }
        service++;
    } else if (!strncmp(service, "host-usb:", strlen("host-usb:"))) {
        type = kTransportUsb;
        service += strlen("host-usb:");
    } else if (!strncmp(service, "host-local:", strlen("host-local:"))) {
        type = kTransportLocal;
        service += strlen("host-local:");
    } else if (!strncmp(service, "host:", strlen("host:"))) {
        type = kTransportAny;
        service += strlen("host:");
    } else {
        service = nullptr;
    }

    if (service) {
        asocket* s2;

        // Some requests are handled immediately -- in that case the handle_host_request() routine
        // has sent the OKAY or FAIL message and all we have to do is clean up.
        if (handle_host_request(service, type, serial, transport_id, s->peer->fd, s)) {
            D("SS(%d): handled host service '%s'", s->id, service);
            goto fail;
        }
        if (!strncmp(service, "transport", strlen("transport"))) {
            D("SS(%d): okay transport", s->id);
            s->smart_socket_data.clear();
            return 0;
        }

        /* try to find a local service with this name.
        ** if no such service exists, we'll fail out
        ** and tear down here.
        */
        s2 = create_host_service_socket(service, serial, transport_id);
        if (s2 == nullptr) {
            D("SS(%d): couldn't create host service '%s'", s->id, service);
            SendFail(s->peer->fd, "unknown host service");
            goto fail;
        }

        /* we've connected to a local host service,
        ** so we make our peer back into a regular
        ** local socket and bind it to the new local
        ** service socket, acknowledge the successful
        ** connection, and close this smart socket now
        ** that its work is done.
        */
        SendOkay(s->peer->fd);

        s->peer->ready = local_socket_ready;
        s->peer->shutdown = nullptr;
        s->peer->close = local_socket_close;
        s->peer->peer = s2;
        s2->peer = s->peer;
        s->peer = nullptr;
        D("SS(%d): okay", s->id);
        s->close(s);

        /* initial state is "ready" */
        s2->ready(s2);
        return 0;
    }
#else /* !ADB_HOST */
    if (s->transport == nullptr) {
        std::string error_msg = "unknown failure";
        s->transport = acquire_one_transport(kTransportAny, nullptr, 0, nullptr, &error_msg);
        if (s->transport == nullptr) {
            SendFail(s->peer->fd, error_msg);
            goto fail;
        }
    }
#endif

    if (!s->transport) {
        SendFail(s->peer->fd, "device offline (no transport)");
        goto fail;
    } else if (!ConnectionStateIsOnline(s->transport->GetConnectionState())) {
        /* if there's no remote we fail the connection
         ** right here and terminate it
         */
        SendFail(s->peer->fd, "device offline (transport offline)");
        goto fail;
    }

    /* instrument our peer to pass the success or fail
    ** message back once it connects or closes, then
    ** detach from it, request the connection, and
    ** tear down
    */
    s->peer->ready = local_socket_ready_notify;
    s->peer->shutdown = nullptr;
    s->peer->close = local_socket_close_notify;
    s->peer->peer = nullptr;
    /* give him our transport and upref it */
    s->peer->transport = s->transport;

    connect_to_remote(s->peer, s->smart_socket_data.data() + 4);
    s->peer = nullptr;
    s->close(s);
    return 1;

fail:
    /* we're going to close our peer as a side-effect, so
    ** return -1 to signal that state to the local socket
    ** who is enqueueing against us
    */
    s->close(s);
    return -1;
}

static void smart_socket_ready(asocket* s) {
    D("SS(%d): ready", s->id);
}

static void smart_socket_close(asocket* s) {
    D("SS(%d): closed", s->id);
    if (s->peer) {
        s->peer->peer = nullptr;
        s->peer->close(s->peer);
        s->peer = nullptr;
    }
    delete s;
}

static asocket* create_smart_socket(void) {
    D("Creating smart socket");
    asocket* s = new asocket();
    s->enqueue = smart_socket_enqueue;
    s->ready = smart_socket_ready;
    s->shutdown = nullptr;
    s->close = smart_socket_close;

    D("SS(%d)", s->id);
    return s;
}

void connect_to_smartsocket(asocket* s) {
    D("Connecting to smart socket");
    asocket* ss = create_smart_socket();
    s->peer = ss;
    ss->peer = s;
    s->ready(s);
}

size_t asocket::get_max_payload() const {
    size_t max_payload = MAX_PAYLOAD;
    if (transport) {
        max_payload = std::min(max_payload, transport->get_max_payload());
    }
    if (peer && peer->transport) {
        max_payload = std::min(max_payload, peer->transport->get_max_payload());
    }
    return max_payload;
}