Linux-2.6.12-rc2
Initial git repository build. I'm not bothering with the full history,
even though we have it. We can create a separate "historical" git
archive of that later if we want to, and in the meantime it's about
3.2GB when imported into git - space that would just make the early
git days unnecessarily complicated, when we don't have a lot of good
infrastructure for it.
Let it rip!
diff --git a/Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt b/Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4924d387
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,1511 @@
+February 2003 Kernel Parameters v2.5.59
+ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+The following is a consolidated list of the kernel parameters as implemented
+(mostly) by the __setup() macro and sorted into English Dictionary order
+(defined as ignoring all punctuation and sorting digits before letters in a
+case insensitive manner), and with descriptions where known.
+
+Module parameters for loadable modules are specified only as the
+parameter name with optional '=' and value as appropriate, such as:
+
+ modprobe usbcore blinkenlights=1
+
+Module parameters for modules that are built into the kernel image
+are specified on the kernel command line with the module name plus
+'.' plus parameter name, with '=' and value if appropriate, such as:
+
+ usbcore.blinkenlights=1
+
+The text in square brackets at the beginning of the description state the
+restrictions on the kernel for the said kernel parameter to be valid. The
+restrictions referred to are that the relevant option is valid if:
+
+ ACPI ACPI support is enabled.
+ ALSA ALSA sound support is enabled.
+ APIC APIC support is enabled.
+ APM Advanced Power Management support is enabled.
+ AX25 Appropriate AX.25 support is enabled.
+ CD Appropriate CD support is enabled.
+ DEVFS devfs support is enabled.
+ DRM Direct Rendering Management support is enabled.
+ EDD BIOS Enhanced Disk Drive Services (EDD) is enabled
+ EFI EFI Partitioning (GPT) is enabled
+ EIDE EIDE/ATAPI support is enabled.
+ FB The frame buffer device is enabled.
+ HW Appropriate hardware is enabled.
+ IA-32 IA-32 aka i386 architecture is enabled.
+ IA-64 IA-64 architecture is enabled.
+ IOSCHED More than one I/O scheduler is enabled.
+ IP_PNP IP DCHP, BOOTP, or RARP is enabled.
+ ISAPNP ISA PnP code is enabled.
+ ISDN Appropriate ISDN support is enabled.
+ JOY Appropriate joystick support is enabled.
+ LP Printer support is enabled.
+ LOOP Loopback device support is enabled.
+ M68k M68k architecture is enabled.
+ These options have more detailed description inside of
+ Documentation/m68k/kernel-options.txt.
+ MCA MCA bus support is enabled.
+ MDA MDA console support is enabled.
+ MOUSE Appropriate mouse support is enabled.
+ MTD MTD support is enabled.
+ NET Appropriate network support is enabled.
+ NUMA NUMA support is enabled.
+ NFS Appropriate NFS support is enabled.
+ OSS OSS sound support is enabled.
+ PARIDE The ParIDE subsystem is enabled.
+ PARISC The PA-RISC architecture is enabled.
+ PCI PCI bus support is enabled.
+ PCMCIA The PCMCIA subsystem is enabled.
+ PNP Plug & Play support is enabled.
+ PPC PowerPC architecture is enabled.
+ PPT Parallel port support is enabled.
+ PS2 Appropriate PS/2 support is enabled.
+ RAM RAM disk support is enabled.
+ S390 S390 architecture is enabled.
+ SCSI Appropriate SCSI support is enabled.
+ A lot of drivers has their options described inside of
+ Documentation/scsi/.
+ SELINUX SELinux support is enabled.
+ SERIAL Serial support is enabled.
+ SMP The kernel is an SMP kernel.
+ SPARC Sparc architecture is enabled.
+ SWSUSP Software suspension is enabled.
+ TS Appropriate touchscreen support is enabled.
+ USB USB support is enabled.
+ USBHID USB Human Interface Device support is enabled.
+ V4L Video For Linux support is enabled.
+ VGA The VGA console has been enabled.
+ VT Virtual terminal support is enabled.
+ WDT Watchdog support is enabled.
+ XT IBM PC/XT MFM hard disk support is enabled.
+ X86-64 X86-64 architecture is enabled.
+ More X86-64 boot options can be found in
+ Documentation/x86_64/boot-options.txt .
+
+In addition, the following text indicates that the option:
+
+ BUGS= Relates to possible processor bugs on the said processor.
+ KNL Is a kernel start-up parameter.
+ BOOT Is a boot loader parameter.
+
+Parameters denoted with BOOT are actually interpreted by the boot
+loader, and have no meaning to the kernel directly.
+Do not modify the syntax of boot loader parameters without extreme
+need or coordination with <Documentation/i386/boot.txt>.
+
+Note that ALL kernel parameters listed below are CASE SENSITIVE, and that
+a trailing = on the name of any parameter states that that parameter will
+be entered as an environment variable, whereas its absence indicates that
+it will appear as a kernel argument readable via /proc/cmdline by programs
+running once the system is up.
+
+ 53c7xx= [HW,SCSI] Amiga SCSI controllers
+ See header of drivers/scsi/53c7xx.c.
+ See also Documentation/scsi/ncr53c7xx.txt.
+
+ acpi= [HW,ACPI] Advanced Configuration and Power Interface
+ Format: { force | off | ht | strict }
+ force -- enable ACPI if default was off
+ off -- disable ACPI if default was on
+ noirq -- do not use ACPI for IRQ routing
+ ht -- run only enough ACPI to enable Hyper Threading
+ strict -- Be less tolerant of platforms that are not
+ strictly ACPI specification compliant.
+
+ See also Documentation/pm.txt, pci=noacpi
+
+ acpi_sleep= [HW,ACPI] Sleep options
+ Format: { s3_bios, s3_mode }
+ See Documentation/power/video.txt
+
+ acpi_sci= [HW,ACPI] ACPI System Control Interrupt trigger mode
+ Format: { level | edge | high | low }
+
+ acpi_irq_balance [HW,ACPI] ACPI will balance active IRQs
+ default in APIC mode
+
+ acpi_irq_nobalance [HW,ACPI] ACPI will not move active IRQs (default)
+ default in PIC mode
+
+ acpi_irq_pci= [HW,ACPI] If irq_balance, Clear listed IRQs for use by PCI
+ Format: <irq>,<irq>...
+
+ acpi_irq_isa= [HW,ACPI] If irq_balance, Mark listed IRQs used by ISA
+ Format: <irq>,<irq>...
+
+ acpi_osi= [HW,ACPI] empty param disables _OSI
+
+ acpi_serialize [HW,ACPI] force serialization of AML methods
+
+ acpi_skip_timer_override [HW,ACPI]
+ Recognize and ignore IRQ0/pin2 Interrupt Override.
+ For broken nForce2 BIOS resulting in XT-PIC timer.
+
+ acpi_dbg_layer= [HW,ACPI]
+ Format: <int>
+ Each bit of the <int> indicates an acpi debug layer,
+ 1: enable, 0: disable. It is useful for boot time
+ debugging. After system has booted up, it can be set
+ via /proc/acpi/debug_layer.
+
+ acpi_dbg_level= [HW,ACPI]
+ Format: <int>
+ Each bit of the <int> indicates an acpi debug level,
+ 1: enable, 0: disable. It is useful for boot time
+ debugging. After system has booted up, it can be set
+ via /proc/acpi/debug_level.
+
+ acpi_fake_ecdt [HW,ACPI] Workaround failure due to BIOS lacking ECDT
+
+ ad1816= [HW,OSS]
+ Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>
+ See also Documentation/sound/oss/AD1816.
+
+ ad1848= [HW,OSS]
+ Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>,<type>
+
+ adlib= [HW,OSS]
+ Format: <io>
+
+ advansys= [HW,SCSI]
+ See header of drivers/scsi/advansys.c.
+
+ advwdt= [HW,WDT] Advantech WDT
+ Format: <iostart>,<iostop>
+
+ aedsp16= [HW,OSS] Audio Excel DSP 16
+ Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<mss_io>,<mpu_io>,<mpu_irq>
+ See also header of sound/oss/aedsp16.c.
+
+ aha152x= [HW,SCSI]
+ See Documentation/scsi/aha152x.txt.
+
+ aha1542= [HW,SCSI]
+ Format: <portbase>[,<buson>,<busoff>[,<dmaspeed>]]
+
+ aic7xxx= [HW,SCSI]
+ See Documentation/scsi/aic7xxx.txt.
+
+ aic79xx= [HW,SCSI]
+ See Documentation/scsi/aic79xx.txt.
+
+ AM53C974= [HW,SCSI]
+ Format: <host-scsi-id>,<target-scsi-id>,<max-rate>,<max-offset>
+ See also header of drivers/scsi/AM53C974.c.
+
+ amijoy.map= [HW,JOY] Amiga joystick support
+ Map of devices attached to JOY0DAT and JOY1DAT
+ Format: <a>,<b>
+ See also Documentation/kernel/input/joystick.txt
+
+ analog.map= [HW,JOY] Analog joystick and gamepad support
+ Specifies type or capabilities of an analog joystick
+ connected to one of 16 gameports
+ Format: <type1>,<type2>,..<type16>
+
+ apc= [HW,SPARC] Power management functions (SPARCstation-4/5 + deriv.)
+ Format: noidle
+ Disable APC CPU standby support. SPARCstation-Fox does
+ not play well with APC CPU idle - disable it if you have
+ APC and your system crashes randomly.
+
+ apic= [APIC,i386] Change the output verbosity whilst booting
+ Format: { quiet (default) | verbose | debug }
+ Change the amount of debugging information output
+ when initialising the APIC and IO-APIC components.
+
+ apm= [APM] Advanced Power Management
+ See header of arch/i386/kernel/apm.c.
+
+ applicom= [HW]
+ Format: <mem>,<irq>
+
+ arcrimi= [HW,NET] ARCnet - "RIM I" (entirely mem-mapped) cards
+ Format: <io>,<irq>,<nodeID>
+
+ ataflop= [HW,M68k]
+
+ atarimouse= [HW,MOUSE] Atari Mouse
+
+ atascsi= [HW,SCSI] Atari SCSI
+
+ atkbd.extra= [HW] Enable extra LEDs and keys on IBM RapidAccess,
+ EzKey and similar keyboards
+
+ atkbd.reset= [HW] Reset keyboard during initialization
+
+ atkbd.set= [HW] Select keyboard code set
+ Format: <int> (2 = AT (default) 3 = PS/2)
+
+ atkbd.scroll= [HW] Enable scroll wheel on MS Office and similar
+ keyboards
+
+ atkbd.softraw= [HW] Choose between synthetic and real raw mode
+ Format: <bool> (0 = real, 1 = synthetic (default))
+
+ atkbd.softrepeat=
+ [HW] Use software keyboard repeat
+
+ autotest [IA64]
+
+ awe= [HW,OSS] AWE32/SB32/AWE64 wave table synth
+ Format: <io>,<memsize>,<isapnp>
+
+ aztcd= [HW,CD] Aztech CD268 CDROM driver
+ Format: <io>,0x79 (?)
+
+ baycom_epp= [HW,AX25]
+ Format: <io>,<mode>
+
+ baycom_par= [HW,AX25] BayCom Parallel Port AX.25 Modem
+ Format: <io>,<mode>
+ See header of drivers/net/hamradio/baycom_par.c.
+
+ baycom_ser_fdx= [HW,AX25] BayCom Serial Port AX.25 Modem (Full Duplex Mode)
+ Format: <io>,<irq>,<mode>[,<baud>]
+ See header of drivers/net/hamradio/baycom_ser_fdx.c.
+
+ baycom_ser_hdx= [HW,AX25] BayCom Serial Port AX.25 Modem (Half Duplex Mode)
+ Format: <io>,<irq>,<mode>
+ See header of drivers/net/hamradio/baycom_ser_hdx.c.
+
+ blkmtd_device= [HW,MTD]
+ blkmtd_erasesz=
+ blkmtd_ro=
+ blkmtd_bs=
+ blkmtd_count=
+
+ bttv.card= [HW,V4L] bttv (bt848 + bt878 based grabber cards)
+ bttv.radio= Most important insmod options are available as kernel args too.
+ bttv.pll= See Documentation/video4linux/bttv/Insmod-options
+ bttv.tuner= and Documentation/video4linux/bttv/CARDLIST
+
+ BusLogic= [HW,SCSI]
+ See drivers/scsi/BusLogic.c, comment before function
+ BusLogic_ParseDriverOptions().
+
+ c101= [NET] Moxa C101 synchronous serial card
+
+ cachesize= [BUGS=IA-32] Override level 2 CPU cache size detection.
+ Sometimes CPU hardware bugs make them report the cache
+ size incorrectly. The kernel will attempt work arounds
+ to fix known problems, but for some CPUs it is not
+ possible to determine what the correct size should be.
+ This option provides an override for these situations.
+
+ cdu31a= [HW,CD]
+ Format: <io>,<irq>[,PAS]
+ See header of drivers/cdrom/cdu31a.c.
+
+ chandev= [HW,NET] Generic channel device initialisation
+
+ checkreqprot [SELINUX] Set initial checkreqprot flag value.
+ Format: { "0" | "1" }
+ See security/selinux/Kconfig help text.
+ 0 -- check protection applied by kernel (includes any implied execute protection).
+ 1 -- check protection requested by application.
+ Default value is set via a kernel config option.
+ Value can be changed at runtime via /selinux/checkreqprot.
+
+ clock= [BUGS=IA-32, HW] gettimeofday timesource override.
+ Forces specified timesource (if avaliable) to be used
+ when calculating gettimeofday(). If specicified timesource
+ is not avalible, it defaults to PIT.
+ Format: { pit | tsc | cyclone | pmtmr }
+
+ hpet= [IA-32,HPET] option to disable HPET and use PIT.
+ Format: disable
+
+ cm206= [HW,CD]
+ Format: { auto | [<io>,][<irq>] }
+
+ com20020= [HW,NET] ARCnet - COM20020 chipset
+ Format: <io>[,<irq>[,<nodeID>[,<backplane>[,<ckp>[,<timeout>]]]]]
+
+ com90io= [HW,NET] ARCnet - COM90xx chipset (IO-mapped buffers)
+ Format: <io>[,<irq>]
+
+ com90xx= [HW,NET] ARCnet - COM90xx chipset (memory-mapped buffers)
+ Format: <io>[,<irq>[,<memstart>]]
+
+ condev= [HW,S390] console device
+ conmode=
+
+ console= [KNL] Output console device and options.
+
+ tty<n> Use the virtual console device <n>.
+
+ ttyS<n>[,options]
+ Use the specified serial port. The options are of
+ the form "bbbbpn", where "bbbb" is the baud rate,
+ "p" is parity ("n", "o", or "e"), and "n" is bits.
+ Default is "9600n8".
+
+ See also Documentation/serial-console.txt.
+
+ uart,io,<addr>[,options]
+ uart,mmio,<addr>[,options]
+ Start an early, polled-mode console on the 8250/16550
+ UART at the specified I/O port or MMIO address,
+ switching to the matching ttyS device later. The
+ options are the same as for ttyS, above.
+
+ cpcihp_generic= [HW,PCI] Generic port I/O CompactPCI driver
+ Format: <first_slot>,<last_slot>,<port>,<enum_bit>[,<debug>]
+
+ cpia_pp= [HW,PPT]
+ Format: { parport<nr> | auto | none }
+
+ cs4232= [HW,OSS]
+ Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>,<mpuio>,<mpuirq>
+
+ cs89x0_dma= [HW,NET]
+ Format: <dma>
+
+ cs89x0_media= [HW,NET]
+ Format: { rj45 | aui | bnc }
+
+ cyclades= [HW,SERIAL] Cyclades multi-serial port adapter.
+
+ dasd= [HW,NET]
+ See header of drivers/s390/block/dasd_devmap.c.
+
+ db9.dev[2|3]= [HW,JOY] Multisystem joystick support via parallel port
+ (one device per port)
+ Format: <port#>,<type>
+ See also Documentation/input/joystick-parport.txt
+
+ debug [KNL] Enable kernel debugging (events log level).
+
+ decnet= [HW,NET]
+ Format: <area>[,<node>]
+ See also Documentation/networking/decnet.txt.
+
+ devfs= [DEVFS]
+ See Documentation/filesystems/devfs/boot-options.
+
+ dhash_entries= [KNL]
+ Set number of hash buckets for dentry cache.
+
+ digi= [HW,SERIAL]
+ IO parameters + enable/disable command.
+
+ digiepca= [HW,SERIAL]
+ See drivers/char/README.epca and
+ Documentation/digiepca.txt.
+
+ dmascc= [HW,AX25,SERIAL] AX.25 Z80SCC driver with DMA
+ support available.
+ Format: <io_dev0>[,<io_dev1>[,..<io_dev32>]]
+
+ dmasound= [HW,OSS] Sound subsystem buffers
+
+ dscc4.setup= [NET]
+
+ dtc3181e= [HW,SCSI]
+
+ earlyprintk= [IA-32, X86-64]
+ earlyprintk=vga
+ earlyprintk=serial[,ttySn[,baudrate]]
+
+ Append ,keep to not disable it when the real console
+ takes over.
+
+ Only vga or serial at a time, not both.
+
+ Currently only ttyS0 and ttyS1 are supported.
+
+ Interaction with the standard serial driver is not
+ very good.
+
+ The VGA output is eventually overwritten by the real
+ console.
+
+ eata= [HW,SCSI]
+
+ eda= [HW,PS2]
+
+ edb= [HW,PS2]
+
+ edd= [EDD]
+ Format: {"of[f]" | "sk[ipmbr]"}
+ See comment in arch/i386/boot/edd.S
+
+ eicon= [HW,ISDN]
+ Format: <id>,<membase>,<irq>
+
+ eisa_irq_edge= [PARISC,HW]
+ See header of drivers/parisc/eisa.c.
+
+ elanfreq= [IA-32]
+ See comment before function elanfreq_setup() in
+ arch/i386/kernel/cpu/cpufreq/elanfreq.c.
+
+ elevator= [IOSCHED]
+ Format: {"as"|"cfq"|"deadline"|"noop"}
+ See Documentation/block/as-iosched.txt
+ and Documentation/block/deadline-iosched.txt for details.
+
+ enforcing [SELINUX] Set initial enforcing status.
+ Format: {"0" | "1"}
+ See security/selinux/Kconfig help text.
+ 0 -- permissive (log only, no denials).
+ 1 -- enforcing (deny and log).
+ Default value is 0.
+ Value can be changed at runtime via /selinux/enforce.
+
+ es1370= [HW,OSS]
+ Format: <lineout>[,<micbias>]
+ See also header of sound/oss/es1370.c.
+
+ es1371= [HW,OSS]
+ Format: <spdif>,[<nomix>,[<amplifier>]]
+ See also header of sound/oss/es1371.c.
+
+ ether= [HW,NET] Ethernet cards parameters
+ This option is obsoleted by the "netdev=" option, which
+ has equivalent usage. See its documentation for details.
+
+ eurwdt= [HW,WDT] Eurotech CPU-1220/1410 onboard watchdog.
+ Format: <io>[,<irq>]
+
+ fd_mcs= [HW,SCSI]
+ See header of drivers/scsi/fd_mcs.c.
+
+ fdomain= [HW,SCSI]
+ See header of drivers/scsi/fdomain.c.
+
+ floppy= [HW]
+ See Documentation/floppy.txt.
+
+ ftape= [HW] Floppy Tape subsystem debugging options.
+ See Documentation/ftape.txt.
+
+ gamecon.map[2|3]=
+ [HW,JOY] Multisystem joystick and NES/SNES/PSX pad
+ support via parallel port (up to 5 devices per port)
+ Format: <port#>,<pad1>,<pad2>,<pad3>,<pad4>,<pad5>
+ See also Documentation/input/joystick-parport.txt
+
+ gamma= [HW,DRM]
+
+ gdth= [HW,SCSI]
+ See header of drivers/scsi/gdth.c.
+
+ gpt [EFI] Forces disk with valid GPT signature but
+ invalid Protective MBR to be treated as GPT.
+
+ gscd= [HW,CD]
+ Format: <io>
+
+ gt96100eth= [NET] MIPS GT96100 Advanced Communication Controller
+
+ gus= [HW,OSS]
+ Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma16>
+
+ gvp11= [HW,SCSI]
+
+ hashdist= [KNL,NUMA] Large hashes allocated during boot
+ are distributed across NUMA nodes. Defaults on
+ for IA-64, off otherwise.
+
+ hcl= [IA-64] SGI's Hardware Graph compatibility layer
+
+ hd= [EIDE] (E)IDE hard drive subsystem geometry
+ Format: <cyl>,<head>,<sect>
+
+ hd?= [HW] (E)IDE subsystem
+ hd?lun= See Documentation/ide.txt.
+
+ highmem=nn[KMG] [KNL,BOOT] forces the highmem zone to have an exact
+ size of <nn>. This works even on boxes that have no
+ highmem otherwise. This also works to reduce highmem
+ size on bigger boxes.
+
+ hisax= [HW,ISDN]
+ See Documentation/isdn/README.HiSax.
+
+ hugepages= [HW,IA-32,IA-64] Maximal number of HugeTLB pages.
+
+ noirqbalance [IA-32,SMP,KNL] Disable kernel irq balancing
+
+ i8042.direct [HW] Put keyboard port into non-translated mode
+ i8042.dumbkbd [HW] Pretend that controlled can only read data from
+ keyboard and can not control its state
+ (Don't attempt to blink the leds)
+ i8042.noaux [HW] Don't check for auxiliary (== mouse) port
+ i8042.nomux [HW] Don't check presence of an active multiplexing
+ controller
+ i8042.nopnp [HW] Don't use ACPIPnP / PnPBIOS to discover KBD/AUX
+ controllers
+ i8042.panicblink=
+ [HW] Frequency with which keyboard LEDs should blink
+ when kernel panics (default is 0.5 sec)
+ i8042.reset [HW] Reset the controller during init and cleanup
+ i8042.unlock [HW] Unlock (ignore) the keylock
+
+ i810= [HW,DRM]
+
+ i8k.force [HW] Activate i8k driver even if SMM BIOS signature
+ does not match list of supported models.
+ i8k.power_status
+ [HW] Report power status in /proc/i8k
+ (disabled by default)
+ i8k.restricted [HW] Allow controlling fans only if SYS_ADMIN
+ capability is set.
+
+ ibmmcascsi= [HW,MCA,SCSI] IBM MicroChannel SCSI adapter
+ See Documentation/mca.txt.
+
+ icn= [HW,ISDN]
+ Format: <io>[,<membase>[,<icn_id>[,<icn_id2>]]]
+
+ ide= [HW] (E)IDE subsystem
+ Format: ide=nodma or ide=doubler or ide=reverse
+ See Documentation/ide.txt.
+
+ ide?= [HW] (E)IDE subsystem
+ Format: ide?=noprobe or chipset specific parameters.
+ See Documentation/ide.txt.
+
+ idebus= [HW] (E)IDE subsystem - VLB/PCI bus speed
+ See Documentation/ide.txt.
+
+ idle= [HW]
+ Format: idle=poll or idle=halt
+
+ ihash_entries= [KNL]
+ Set number of hash buckets for inode cache.
+
+ in2000= [HW,SCSI]
+ See header of drivers/scsi/in2000.c.
+
+ init= [KNL]
+ Format: <full_path>
+ Run specified binary instead of /sbin/init as init
+ process.
+
+ initcall_debug [KNL] Trace initcalls as they are executed. Useful
+ for working out where the kernel is dying during
+ startup.
+
+ initrd= [BOOT] Specify the location of the initial ramdisk
+
+ inport.irq= [HW] Inport (ATI XL and Microsoft) busmouse driver
+ Format: <irq>
+
+ inttest= [IA64]
+
+ io7= [HW] IO7 for Marvel based alpha systems
+ See comment before marvel_specify_io7 in
+ arch/alpha/kernel/core_marvel.c.
+
+ ip= [IP_PNP]
+ See Documentation/nfsroot.txt.
+
+ ip2= [HW] Set IO/IRQ pairs for up to 4 IntelliPort boards
+ See comment before ip2_setup() in drivers/char/ip2.c.
+
+ ips= [HW,SCSI] Adaptec / IBM ServeRAID controller
+ See header of drivers/scsi/ips.c.
+
+ isapnp= [ISAPNP]
+ Format: <RDP>, <reset>, <pci_scan>, <verbosity>
+
+ isolcpus= [KNL,SMP] Isolate CPUs from the general scheduler.
+ Format: <cpu number>,...,<cpu number>
+ This option can be used to specify one or more CPUs
+ to isolate from the general SMP balancing and scheduling
+ algorithms. The only way to move a process onto or off
+ an "isolated" CPU is via the CPU affinity syscalls.
+ <cpu number> begins at 0 and the maximum value is
+ "number of CPUs in system - 1".
+
+ This option is the preferred way to isolate CPUs. The
+ alternative - manually setting the CPU mask of all tasks
+ in the system can cause problems and suboptimal load
+ balancer performance.
+
+ isp16= [HW,CD]
+ Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<setup>
+
+ iucv= [HW,NET]
+
+ js= [HW,JOY] Analog joystick
+ See Documentation/input/joystick.txt.
+
+ keepinitrd [HW,ARM]
+
+ kstack=N [IA-32, X86-64] Print N words from the kernel stack
+ in oops dumps.
+
+ l2cr= [PPC]
+
+ lapic [IA-32,APIC] Enable the local APIC even if BIOS disabled it.
+
+ lasi= [HW,SCSI] PARISC LASI driver for the 53c700 chip
+ Format: addr:<io>,irq:<irq>
+
+ llsc*= [IA64]
+ See function print_params() in arch/ia64/sn/kernel/llsc4.c.
+
+ load_ramdisk= [RAM] List of ramdisks to load from floppy
+ See Documentation/ramdisk.txt.
+
+ lockd.udpport= [NFS]
+
+ lockd.tcpport= [NFS]
+
+ logibm.irq= [HW,MOUSE] Logitech Bus Mouse Driver
+ Format: <irq>
+
+ loglevel= All Kernel Messages with a loglevel smaller than the
+ console loglevel will be printed to the console. It can
+ also be changed with klogd or other programs. The
+ loglevels are defined as follows:
+
+ 0 (KERN_EMERG) system is unusable
+ 1 (KERN_ALERT) action must be taken immediately
+ 2 (KERN_CRIT) critical conditions
+ 3 (KERN_ERR) error conditions
+ 4 (KERN_WARNING) warning conditions
+ 5 (KERN_NOTICE) normal but significant condition
+ 6 (KERN_INFO) informational
+ 7 (KERN_DEBUG) debug-level messages
+
+ log_buf_len=n Sets the size of the printk ring buffer, in bytes.
+ Format is n, nk, nM. n must be a power of two. The
+ default is set in kernel config.
+
+ lp=0 [LP] Specify parallel ports to use, e.g,
+ lp=port[,port...] lp=none,parport0 (lp0 not configured, lp1 uses
+ lp=reset first parallel port). 'lp=0' disables the
+ lp=auto printer driver. 'lp=reset' (which can be
+ specified in addition to the ports) causes
+ attached printers to be reset. Using
+ lp=port1,port2,... specifies the parallel ports
+ to associate lp devices with, starting with
+ lp0. A port specification may be 'none' to skip
+ that lp device, or a parport name such as
+ 'parport0'. Specifying 'lp=auto' instead of a
+ port specification list means that device IDs
+ from each port should be examined, to see if
+ an IEEE 1284-compliant printer is attached; if
+ so, the driver will manage that printer.
+ See also header of drivers/char/lp.c.
+
+ lpj=n [KNL]
+ Sets loops_per_jiffy to given constant, thus avoiding
+ time-consuming boot-time autodetection (up to 250 ms per
+ CPU). 0 enables autodetection (default). To determine
+ the correct value for your kernel, boot with normal
+ autodetection and see what value is printed. Note that
+ on SMP systems the preset will be applied to all CPUs,
+ which is likely to cause problems if your CPUs need
+ significantly divergent settings. An incorrect value
+ will cause delays in the kernel to be wrong, leading to
+ unpredictable I/O errors and other breakage. Although
+ unlikely, in the extreme case this might damage your
+ hardware.
+
+ ltpc= [NET]
+ Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>
+
+ mac5380= [HW,SCSI]
+ Format: <can_queue>,<cmd_per_lun>,<sg_tablesize>,<hostid>,<use_tags>
+
+ mac53c9x= [HW,SCSI]
+ Format: <num_esps>,<disconnect>,<nosync>,<can_queue>,<cmd_per_lun>,<sg_tablesize>,<hostid>,<use_tags>
+
+ machvec= [IA64]
+ Force the use of a particular machine-vector (machvec) in a generic
+ kernel. Example: machvec=hpzx1_swiotlb
+
+ mad16= [HW,OSS]
+ Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma16>,<mpu_io>,<mpu_irq>,<joystick>
+
+ maui= [HW,OSS]
+ Format: <io>,<irq>
+
+ max_loop= [LOOP] Maximum number of loopback devices that can
+ be mounted
+ Format: <1-256>
+
+ maxcpus= [SMP] Maximum number of processors that an SMP kernel
+ should make use of
+
+ max_luns= [SCSI] Maximum number of LUNs to probe
+ Should be between 1 and 2^32-1.
+
+ max_report_luns=
+ [SCSI] Maximum number of LUNs received
+ Should be between 1 and 16384.
+
+ mca-pentium [BUGS=IA-32]
+
+ mcatest= [IA-64]
+
+ mcd= [HW,CD]
+ Format: <port>,<irq>,<mitsumi_bug_93_wait>
+
+ mcdx= [HW,CD]
+
+ mce [IA-32] Machine Check Exception
+
+ md= [HW] RAID subsystems devices and level
+ See Documentation/md.txt.
+
+ mdacon= [MDA]
+ Format: <first>,<last>
+ Specifies range of consoles to be captured by the MDA.
+
+ mem=nn[KMG] [KNL,BOOT] Force usage of a specific amount of memory
+ Amount of memory to be used when the kernel is not able
+ to see the whole system memory or for test.
+ [IA-32] Use together with memmap= to avoid physical
+ address space collisions. Without memmap= PCI devices
+ could be placed at addresses belonging to unused RAM.
+
+ mem=nopentium [BUGS=IA-32] Disable usage of 4MB pages for kernel
+ memory.
+
+ memmap=exactmap [KNL,IA-32] Enable setting of an exact
+ E820 memory map, as specified by the user.
+ Such memmap=exactmap lines can be constructed based on
+ BIOS output or other requirements. See the memmap=nn@ss
+ option description.
+
+ memmap=nn[KMG]@ss[KMG]
+ [KNL] Force usage of a specific region of memory
+ Region of memory to be used, from ss to ss+nn.
+
+ memmap=nn[KMG]#ss[KMG]
+ [KNL,ACPI] Mark specific memory as ACPI data.
+ Region of memory to be used, from ss to ss+nn.
+
+ memmap=nn[KMG]$ss[KMG]
+ [KNL,ACPI] Mark specific memory as reserved.
+ Region of memory to be used, from ss to ss+nn.
+
+ meye.*= [HW] Set MotionEye Camera parameters
+ See Documentation/video4linux/meye.txt.
+
+ mga= [HW,DRM]
+
+ mousedev.tap_time=
+ [MOUSE] Maximum time between finger touching and
+ leaving touchpad surface for touch to be considered
+ a tap and be reported as a left button click (for
+ touchpads working in absolute mode only).
+ Format: <msecs>
+ mousedev.xres= [MOUSE] Horizontal screen resolution, used for devices
+ reporting absolute coordinates, such as tablets
+ mousedev.yres= [MOUSE] Vertical screen resolution, used for devices
+ reporting absolute coordinates, such as tablets
+
+ mpu401= [HW,OSS]
+ Format: <io>,<irq>
+
+ MTD_Partition= [MTD]
+ Format: <name>,<region-number>,<size>,<offset>
+
+ MTD_Region= [MTD]
+ Format: <name>,<region-number>[,<base>,<size>,<buswidth>,<altbuswidth>]
+
+ mtdparts= [MTD]
+ See drivers/mtd/cmdline.c.
+
+ mtouchusb.raw_coordinates=
+ [HW] Make the MicroTouch USB driver use raw coordinates ('y', default)
+ or cooked coordinates ('n')
+
+ n2= [NET] SDL Inc. RISCom/N2 synchronous serial card
+
+ NCR_D700= [HW,SCSI]
+ See header of drivers/scsi/NCR_D700.c.
+
+ ncr5380= [HW,SCSI]
+
+ ncr53c400= [HW,SCSI]
+
+ ncr53c400a= [HW,SCSI]
+
+ ncr53c406a= [HW,SCSI]
+
+ ncr53c8xx= [HW,SCSI]
+
+ netdev= [NET] Network devices parameters
+ Format: <irq>,<io>,<mem_start>,<mem_end>,<name>
+ Note that mem_start is often overloaded to mean
+ something different and driver-specific.
+
+ nfsaddrs= [NFS]
+ See Documentation/nfsroot.txt.
+
+ nfsroot= [NFS] nfs root filesystem for disk-less boxes.
+ See Documentation/nfsroot.txt.
+
+ nmi_watchdog= [KNL,BUGS=IA-32] Debugging features for SMP kernels
+
+ no387 [BUGS=IA-32] Tells the kernel to use the 387 maths
+ emulation library even if a 387 maths coprocessor
+ is present.
+
+ noalign [KNL,ARM]
+
+ noapic [SMP,APIC] Tells the kernel to not make use of any
+ IOAPICs that may be present in the system.
+
+ noasync [HW,M68K] Disables async and sync negotiation for
+ all devices.
+
+ nobats [PPC] Do not use BATs for mapping kernel lowmem
+ on "Classic" PPC cores.
+
+ nocache [ARM]
+
+ nodisconnect [HW,SCSI,M68K] Disables SCSI disconnects.
+
+ noexec [IA-64]
+
+ noexec [IA-32, X86-64]
+ noexec=on: enable non-executable mappings (default)
+ noexec=off: disable nn-executable mappings
+
+ nofxsr [BUGS=IA-32]
+
+ nohlt [BUGS=ARM]
+
+ no-hlt [BUGS=IA-32] Tells the kernel that the hlt
+ instruction doesn't work correctly and not to
+ use it.
+
+ nohalt [IA-64] Tells the kernel not to use the power saving
+ function PAL_HALT_LIGHT when idle. This increases
+ power-consumption. On the positive side, it reduces
+ interrupt wake-up latency, which may improve performance
+ in certain environments such as networked servers or
+ real-time systems.
+
+ noirqdebug [IA-32] Disables the code which attempts to detect and
+ disable unhandled interrupt sources.
+
+ noisapnp [ISAPNP] Disables ISA PnP code.
+
+ noinitrd [RAM] Tells the kernel not to load any configured
+ initial RAM disk.
+
+ nointroute [IA-64]
+
+ nolapic [IA-32,APIC] Do not enable or use the local APIC.
+
+ noltlbs [PPC] Do not use large page/tlb entries for kernel
+ lowmem mapping on PPC40x.
+
+ nomce [IA-32] Machine Check Exception
+
+ noresidual [PPC] Don't use residual data on PReP machines.
+
+ noresume [SWSUSP] Disables resume and restore original swap space.
+
+ no-scroll [VGA] Disables scrollback.
+ This is required for the Braillex ib80-piezo Braille
+ reader made by F.H. Papenmeier (Germany).
+
+ nosbagart [IA-64]
+
+ nosmp [SMP] Tells an SMP kernel to act as a UP kernel.
+
+ nosync [HW,M68K] Disables sync negotiation for all devices.
+
+ notsc [BUGS=IA-32] Disable Time Stamp Counter
+
+ nousb [USB] Disable the USB subsystem
+
+ nowb [ARM]
+
+ opl3= [HW,OSS]
+ Format: <io>
+
+ opl3sa= [HW,OSS]
+ Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>,<mpu_io>,<mpu_irq>
+
+ opl3sa2= [HW,OSS]
+ Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>,<mss_io>,<mpu_io>,<ymode>,<loopback>[,<isapnp>,<multiple]
+
+ oprofile.timer= [HW]
+ Use timer interrupt instead of performance counters
+
+ optcd= [HW,CD]
+ Format: <io>
+
+ osst= [HW,SCSI] SCSI Tape Driver
+ Format: <buffer_size>,<write_threshold>
+ See also Documentation/scsi/st.txt.
+
+ panic= [KNL] Kernel behaviour on panic
+ Format: <timeout>
+
+ parkbd.port= [HW] Parallel port number the keyboard adapter is
+ connected to, default is 0.
+ Format: <parport#>
+ parkbd.mode= [HW] Parallel port keyboard adapter mode of operation,
+ 0 for XT, 1 for AT (default is AT).
+ Format: <mode>
+
+ parport=0 [HW,PPT] Specify parallel ports. 0 disables.
+ parport=auto Use 'auto' to force the driver to use
+ parport=0xBBB[,IRQ[,DMA]] any IRQ/DMA settings detected (the
+ default is to ignore detected IRQ/DMA
+ settings because of possible
+ conflicts). You can specify the base
+ address, IRQ, and DMA settings; IRQ and
+ DMA should be numbers, or 'auto' (for
+ using detected settings on that
+ particular port), or 'nofifo' (to avoid
+ using a FIFO even if it is detected).
+ Parallel ports are assigned in the
+ order they are specified on the command
+ line, starting with parport0.
+
+ parport_init_mode=
+ [HW,PPT] Configure VIA parallel port to
+ operate in specific mode. This is
+ necessary on Pegasos computer where
+ firmware has no options for setting up
+ parallel port mode and sets it to
+ spp. Currently this function knows
+ 686a and 8231 chips.
+ Format: [spp|ps2|epp|ecp|ecpepp]
+
+ pas2= [HW,OSS]
+ Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma16>,<sb_io>,<sb_irq>,<sb_dma>,<sb_dma16>
+
+ pas16= [HW,SCSI]
+ See header of drivers/scsi/pas16.c.
+
+ pcbit= [HW,ISDN]
+
+ pcd. [PARIDE]
+ See header of drivers/block/paride/pcd.c.
+ See also Documentation/paride.txt.
+
+ pci=option[,option...] [PCI] various PCI subsystem options:
+ off [IA-32] don't probe for the PCI bus
+ bios [IA-32] force use of PCI BIOS, don't access
+ the hardware directly. Use this if your machine
+ has a non-standard PCI host bridge.
+ nobios [IA-32] disallow use of PCI BIOS, only direct
+ hardware access methods are allowed. Use this
+ if you experience crashes upon bootup and you
+ suspect they are caused by the BIOS.
+ conf1 [IA-32] Force use of PCI Configuration Mechanism 1.
+ conf2 [IA-32] Force use of PCI Configuration Mechanism 2.
+ nosort [IA-32] Don't sort PCI devices according to
+ order given by the PCI BIOS. This sorting is done
+ to get a device order compatible with older kernels.
+ biosirq [IA-32] Use PCI BIOS calls to get the interrupt
+ routing table. These calls are known to be buggy
+ on several machines and they hang the machine when used,
+ but on other computers it's the only way to get the
+ interrupt routing table. Try this option if the kernel
+ is unable to allocate IRQs or discover secondary PCI
+ buses on your motherboard.
+ rom [IA-32] Assign address space to expansion ROMs.
+ Use with caution as certain devices share address
+ decoders between ROMs and other resources.
+ irqmask=0xMMMM [IA-32] Set a bit mask of IRQs allowed to be assigned
+ automatically to PCI devices. You can make the kernel
+ exclude IRQs of your ISA cards this way.
+ lastbus=N [IA-32] Scan all buses till bus #N. Can be useful
+ if the kernel is unable to find your secondary buses
+ and you want to tell it explicitly which ones they are.
+ assign-busses [IA-32] Always assign all PCI bus
+ numbers ourselves, overriding
+ whatever the firmware may have
+ done.
+ usepirqmask [IA-32] Honor the possible IRQ mask
+ stored in the BIOS $PIR table. This is
+ needed on some systems with broken
+ BIOSes, notably some HP Pavilion N5400
+ and Omnibook XE3 notebooks. This will
+ have no effect if ACPI IRQ routing is
+ enabled.
+ noacpi [IA-32] Do not use ACPI for IRQ routing
+ or for PCI scanning.
+ routeirq Do IRQ routing for all PCI devices.
+ This is normally done in pci_enable_device(),
+ so this option is a temporary workaround
+ for broken drivers that don't call it.
+
+ firmware [ARM] Do not re-enumerate the bus but
+ instead just use the configuration
+ from the bootloader. This is currently
+ used on IXP2000 systems where the
+ bus has to be configured a certain way
+ for adjunct CPUs.
+
+ pcmv= [HW,PCMCIA] BadgePAD 4
+
+ pd. [PARIDE]
+ See Documentation/paride.txt.
+
+ pdcchassis= [PARISC,HW] Disable/Enable PDC Chassis Status codes at
+ boot time.
+ Format: { 0 | 1 }
+ See arch/parisc/kernel/pdc_chassis.c
+
+ pf. [PARIDE]
+ See Documentation/paride.txt.
+
+ pg. [PARIDE]
+ See Documentation/paride.txt.
+
+ pirq= [SMP,APIC] Manual mp-table setup
+ See Documentation/i386/IO-APIC.txt.
+
+ plip= [PPT,NET] Parallel port network link
+ Format: { parport<nr> | timid | 0 }
+ See also Documentation/parport.txt.
+
+ pnpacpi= [ACPI]
+ { off }
+
+ pnpbios= [ISAPNP]
+ { on | off | curr | res | no-curr | no-res }
+
+ pnp_reserve_irq=
+ [ISAPNP] Exclude IRQs for the autoconfiguration
+
+ pnp_reserve_dma=
+ [ISAPNP] Exclude DMAs for the autoconfiguration
+
+ pnp_reserve_io= [ISAPNP] Exclude I/O ports for the autoconfiguration
+ Ranges are in pairs (I/O port base and size).
+
+ pnp_reserve_mem=
+ [ISAPNP] Exclude memory regions for the autoconfiguration
+ Ranges are in pairs (memory base and size).
+
+ profile= [KNL] Enable kernel profiling via /proc/profile
+ { schedule | <number> }
+ (param: schedule - profile schedule points}
+ (param: profile step/bucket size as a power of 2 for
+ statistical time based profiling)
+
+ processor.max_cstate= [HW, ACPI]
+ Limit processor to maximum C-state
+ max_cstate=9 overrides any DMI blacklist limit.
+
+ prompt_ramdisk= [RAM] List of RAM disks to prompt for floppy disk
+ before loading.
+ See Documentation/ramdisk.txt.
+
+ psmouse.proto= [HW,MOUSE] Highest PS2 mouse protocol extension to
+ probe for (bare|imps|exps).
+ psmouse.rate= [HW,MOUSE] Set desired mouse report rate, in reports
+ per second.
+ psmouse.resetafter=
+ [HW,MOUSE] Try to reset the device after so many bad packets
+ (0 = never).
+ psmouse.resolution=
+ [HW,MOUSE] Set desired mouse resolution, in dpi.
+ psmouse.smartscroll=
+ [HW,MOUSE] Controls Logitech smartscroll autorepeat,
+ 0 = disabled, 1 = enabled (default).
+
+ pss= [HW,OSS] Personal Sound System (ECHO ESC614)
+ Format: <io>,<mss_io>,<mss_irq>,<mss_dma>,<mpu_io>,<mpu_irq>
+
+ pt. [PARIDE]
+ See Documentation/paride.txt.
+
+ quiet= [KNL] Disable log messages
+
+ r128= [HW,DRM]
+
+ raid= [HW,RAID]
+ See Documentation/md.txt.
+
+ ramdisk= [RAM] Sizes of RAM disks in kilobytes [deprecated]
+ See Documentation/ramdisk.txt.
+
+ ramdisk_blocksize=
+ [RAM]
+ See Documentation/ramdisk.txt.
+
+ ramdisk_size= [RAM] Sizes of RAM disks in kilobytes
+ New name for the ramdisk parameter.
+ See Documentation/ramdisk.txt.
+
+ reboot= [BUGS=IA-32,BUGS=ARM,BUGS=IA-64] Rebooting mode
+ Format: <reboot_mode>[,<reboot_mode2>[,...]]
+ See arch/*/kernel/reboot.c.
+
+ reserve= [KNL,BUGS] Force the kernel to ignore some iomem area
+
+ resume= [SWSUSP] Specify the partition device for software suspension
+
+ rhash_entries= [KNL,NET]
+ Set number of hash buckets for route cache
+
+ riscom8= [HW,SERIAL]
+ Format: <io_board1>[,<io_board2>[,...<io_boardN>]]
+
+ ro [KNL] Mount root device read-only on boot
+
+ root= [KNL] Root filesystem
+
+ rootdelay= [KNL] Delay (in seconds) to pause before attempting to
+ mount the root filesystem
+
+ rootflags= [KNL] Set root filesystem mount option string
+
+ rootfstype= [KNL] Set root filesystem type
+
+ rw [KNL] Mount root device read-write on boot
+
+ S [KNL] Run init in single mode
+
+ sa1100ir [NET]
+ See drivers/net/irda/sa1100_ir.c.
+
+ sb= [HW,OSS]
+ Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>
+
+ sbni= [NET] Granch SBNI12 leased line adapter
+
+ sbpcd= [HW,CD] Soundblaster CD adapter
+ Format: <io>,<type>
+ See a comment before function sbpcd_setup() in
+ drivers/cdrom/sbpcd.c.
+
+ sc1200wdt= [HW,WDT] SC1200 WDT (watchdog) driver
+ Format: <io>[,<timeout>[,<isapnp>]]
+
+ scsi_debug_*= [SCSI]
+ See drivers/scsi/scsi_debug.c.
+
+ scsi_default_dev_flags=
+ [SCSI] SCSI default device flags
+ Format: <integer>
+
+ scsi_dev_flags= [SCSI] Black/white list entry for vendor and model
+ Format: <vendor>:<model>:<flags>
+ (flags are integer value)
+
+ scsi_logging= [SCSI]
+
+ selinux [SELINUX] Disable or enable SELinux at boot time.
+ Format: { "0" | "1" }
+ See security/selinux/Kconfig help text.
+ 0 -- disable.
+ 1 -- enable.
+ Default value is set via kernel config option.
+ If enabled at boot time, /selinux/disable can be used
+ later to disable prior to initial policy load.
+
+ serialnumber [BUGS=IA-32]
+
+ sg_def_reserved_size=
+ [SCSI]
+
+ sgalaxy= [HW,OSS]
+ Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>,<sgbase>
+
+ shapers= [NET]
+ Maximal number of shapers.
+
+ sim710= [SCSI,HW]
+ See header of drivers/scsi/sim710.c.
+
+ simeth= [IA-64]
+ simscsi=
+
+ sjcd= [HW,CD]
+ Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>
+ See header of drivers/cdrom/sjcd.c.
+
+ slram= [HW,MTD]
+
+ smart2= [HW]
+ Format: <io1>[,<io2>[,...,<io8>]]
+
+ snd-ad1816a= [HW,ALSA]
+
+ snd-ad1848= [HW,ALSA]
+
+ snd-ali5451= [HW,ALSA]
+
+ snd-als100= [HW,ALSA]
+
+ snd-als4000= [HW,ALSA]
+
+ snd-azt2320= [HW,ALSA]
+
+ snd-cmi8330= [HW,ALSA]
+
+ snd-cmipci= [HW,ALSA]
+
+ snd-cs4231= [HW,ALSA]
+
+ snd-cs4232= [HW,ALSA]
+
+ snd-cs4236= [HW,ALSA]
+
+ snd-cs4281= [HW,ALSA]
+
+ snd-cs46xx= [HW,ALSA]
+
+ snd-dt019x= [HW,ALSA]
+
+ snd-dummy= [HW,ALSA]
+
+ snd-emu10k1= [HW,ALSA]
+
+ snd-ens1370= [HW,ALSA]
+
+ snd-ens1371= [HW,ALSA]
+
+ snd-es968= [HW,ALSA]
+
+ snd-es1688= [HW,ALSA]
+
+ snd-es18xx= [HW,ALSA]
+
+ snd-es1938= [HW,ALSA]
+
+ snd-es1968= [HW,ALSA]
+
+ snd-fm801= [HW,ALSA]
+
+ snd-gusclassic= [HW,ALSA]
+
+ snd-gusextreme= [HW,ALSA]
+
+ snd-gusmax= [HW,ALSA]
+
+ snd-hdsp= [HW,ALSA]
+
+ snd-ice1712= [HW,ALSA]
+
+ snd-intel8x0= [HW,ALSA]
+
+ snd-interwave= [HW,ALSA]
+
+ snd-interwave-stb=
+ [HW,ALSA]
+
+ snd-korg1212= [HW,ALSA]
+
+ snd-maestro3= [HW,ALSA]
+
+ snd-mpu401= [HW,ALSA]
+
+ snd-mtpav= [HW,ALSA]
+
+ snd-nm256= [HW,ALSA]
+
+ snd-opl3sa2= [HW,ALSA]
+
+ snd-opti92x-ad1848=
+ [HW,ALSA]
+
+ snd-opti92x-cs4231=
+ [HW,ALSA]
+
+ snd-opti93x= [HW,ALSA]
+
+ snd-pmac= [HW,ALSA]
+
+ snd-rme32= [HW,ALSA]
+
+ snd-rme96= [HW,ALSA]
+
+ snd-rme9652= [HW,ALSA]
+
+ snd-sb8= [HW,ALSA]
+
+ snd-sb16= [HW,ALSA]
+
+ snd-sbawe= [HW,ALSA]
+
+ snd-serial= [HW,ALSA]
+
+ snd-sgalaxy= [HW,ALSA]
+
+ snd-sonicvibes= [HW,ALSA]
+
+ snd-sun-amd7930=
+ [HW,ALSA]
+
+ snd-sun-cs4231= [HW,ALSA]
+
+ snd-trident= [HW,ALSA]
+
+ snd-usb-audio= [HW,ALSA,USB]
+
+ snd-via82xx= [HW,ALSA]
+
+ snd-virmidi= [HW,ALSA]
+
+ snd-wavefront= [HW,ALSA]
+
+ snd-ymfpci= [HW,ALSA]
+
+ sonicvibes= [HW,OSS]
+ Format: <reverb>
+
+ sonycd535= [HW,CD]
+ Format: <io>[,<irq>]
+
+ sonypi.*= [HW] Sony Programmable I/O Control Device driver
+ See Documentation/sonypi.txt
+
+ specialix= [HW,SERIAL] Specialix multi-serial port adapter
+ See Documentation/specialix.txt.
+
+ spia_io_base= [HW,MTD]
+ spia_fio_base=
+ spia_pedr=
+ spia_peddr=
+
+ sscape= [HW,OSS]
+ Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<mpu_io>,<mpu_irq>
+
+ st= [HW,SCSI] SCSI tape parameters (buffers, etc.)
+ See Documentation/scsi/st.txt.
+
+ st0x= [HW,SCSI]
+ See header of drivers/scsi/seagate.c.
+
+ sti= [PARISC,HW]
+ Format: <num>
+ Set the STI (builtin display/keyboard on the HP-PARISC
+ machines) console (graphic card) which should be used
+ as the initial boot-console.
+ See also comment in drivers/video/console/sticore.c.
+
+ sti_font= [HW]
+ See comment in drivers/video/console/sticore.c.
+
+ stifb= [HW]
+ Format: bpp:<bpp1>[:<bpp2>[:<bpp3>...]]
+
+ stram_swap= [HW,M68k]
+
+ swiotlb= [IA-64] Number of I/O TLB slabs
+
+ switches= [HW,M68k]
+
+ sym53c416= [HW,SCSI]
+ See header of drivers/scsi/sym53c416.c.
+
+ t128= [HW,SCSI]
+ See header of drivers/scsi/t128.c.
+
+ tdfx= [HW,DRM]
+
+ thash_entries= [KNL,NET]
+ Set number of hash buckets for TCP connection
+
+ time Show timing data prefixed to each printk message line
+
+ tipar.timeout= [HW,PPT]
+ Set communications timeout in tenths of a second
+ (default 15).
+
+ tipar.delay= [HW,PPT]
+ Set inter-bit delay in microseconds (default 10).
+
+ tmc8xx= [HW,SCSI]
+ See header of drivers/scsi/seagate.c.
+
+ tmscsim= [HW,SCSI]
+ See comment before function dc390_setup() in
+ drivers/scsi/tmscsim.c.
+
+ tp720= [HW,PS2]
+
+ trix= [HW,OSS] MediaTrix AudioTrix Pro
+ Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>,<sb_io>,<sb_irq>,<sb_dma>,<mpu_io>,<mpu_irq>
+
+ tsdev.xres= [TS] Horizontal screen resolution.
+ tsdev.yres= [TS] Vertical screen resolution.
+
+ turbografx.map[2|3]=
+ [HW,JOY] TurboGraFX parallel port interface
+ Format: <port#>,<js1>,<js2>,<js3>,<js4>,<js5>,<js6>,<js7>
+ See also Documentation/input/joystick-parport.txt
+
+ u14-34f= [HW,SCSI] UltraStor 14F/34F SCSI host adapter
+ See header of drivers/scsi/u14-34f.c.
+
+ uart401= [HW,OSS]
+ Format: <io>,<irq>
+
+ uart6850= [HW,OSS]
+ Format: <io>,<irq>
+
+ usb-handoff [HW] Enable early USB BIOS -> OS handoff
+
+ usbhid.mousepoll=
+ [USBHID] The interval which mice are to be polled at.
+
+ video= [FB] Frame buffer configuration
+ See Documentation/fb/modedb.txt.
+
+ vga= [BOOT,IA-32] Select a particular video mode
+ See Documentation/i386/boot.txt and Documentation/svga.txt.
+ Use vga=ask for menu.
+ This is actually a boot loader parameter; the value is
+ passed to the kernel using a special protocol.
+
+ vmalloc=nn[KMG] [KNL,BOOT] forces the vmalloc area to have an exact
+ size of <nn>. This can be used to increase the
+ minimum size (128MB on x86). It can also be used to
+ decrease the size and leave more room for directly
+ mapped kernel RAM.
+
+ vmhalt= [KNL,S390]
+
+ vmpoff= [KNL,S390]
+
+ waveartist= [HW,OSS]
+ Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>
+
+ wd33c93= [HW,SCSI]
+ See header of drivers/scsi/wd33c93.c.
+
+ wd7000= [HW,SCSI]
+ See header of drivers/scsi/wd7000.c.
+
+ wdt= [WDT] Watchdog
+ See Documentation/watchdog/watchdog.txt.
+
+ xd= [HW,XT] Original XT pre-IDE (RLL encoded) disks.
+ xd_geo= See header of drivers/block/xd.c.
+
+ xirc2ps_cs= [NET,PCMCIA]
+ Format: <irq>,<irq_mask>,<io>,<full_duplex>,<do_sound>,<lockup_hack>[,<irq2>[,<irq3>[,<irq4>]]]
+
+
+
+Changelog:
+
+ The last known update (for 2.4.0) - the changelog was not kept before.
+ 2000-06-?? Mr. Unknown
+
+ Update for 2.5.49, description for most of the options introduced,
+ references to other documentation (C files, READMEs, ..), added S390,
+ PPC, SPARC, MTD, ALSA and OSS category. Minor corrections and
+ reformatting.
+ 2002-11-24 Petr Baudis <pasky@ucw.cz>
+ Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@verizon.net>
+
+TODO:
+
+ Add documentation for ALSA options.
+ Add more DRM drivers.