[automerger skipped] Fsync directories before delete key
am: a598e04a91 -s ours
am skip reason: change_id Ib8c349d6d033f86b247f4b35b8354d97cf249d26 with SHA1 37c82f5c0f is in history

Change-Id: Ifec2d700dbe6bbe55e65e6e07003d1e77fb3dbc2
diff --git a/Android.bp b/Android.bp
index 556784f..1045dc2 100644
--- a/Android.bp
+++ b/Android.bp
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
         "-*",
         "cert-*",
         "clang-analyzer-security*",
+        "android-*",
     ],
     tidy_flags: [
         "-warnings-as-errors=clang-analyzer-security*,cert-*",
@@ -31,6 +32,7 @@
         "libbootloader_message",
         "libfec",
         "libfec_rs",
+        "libfs_avb",
         "libfs_mgr",
         "libscrypt_static",
         "libsquashfs_utils",
@@ -39,6 +41,7 @@
     shared_libs: [
         "android.hardware.keymaster@3.0",
         "android.hardware.keymaster@4.0",
+        "android.hardware.boot@1.0",
         "libbase",
         "libbinder",
         "libcrypto",
@@ -47,6 +50,7 @@
         "libdiskconfig",
         "libext4_utils",
         "libf2fs_sparseblock",
+        "libfscrypt",
         "libhardware",
         "libhardware_legacy",
         "libhidlbase",
@@ -93,12 +97,14 @@
     ],
 
     srcs: [
+        "AppFuseUtil.cpp",
         "Benchmark.cpp",
         "CheckEncryption.cpp",
+        "Checkpoint.cpp",
         "Devmapper.cpp",
         "EncryptInplace.cpp",
-        "Ext4Crypt.cpp",
         "FileDeviceUtils.cpp",
+        "FsCrypt.cpp",
         "IdleMaint.cpp",
         "KeyBuffer.cpp",
         "KeyStorage.cpp",
@@ -126,19 +132,30 @@
         "model/PrivateVolume.cpp",
         "model/PublicVolume.cpp",
         "model/VolumeBase.cpp",
-        "secontext.cpp",
+        "model/StubVolume.cpp",
     ],
     product_variables: {
         arc: {
             exclude_srcs: [
+                "AppFuseUtil.cpp",
                 "model/ObbVolume.cpp",
             ],
             static_libs: [
                 "arc_services_aidl",
+                "libarcappfuse",
                 "libarcobbvolume",
             ],
         },
+        debuggable: {
+            cppflags: ["-D__ANDROID_DEBUGGABLE__"],
+        },
     },
+    shared_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.health.storage@1.0",
+    ],
+    whole_static_libs: [
+        "com.android.sysprop.apex",
+    ],
 }
 
 cc_binary {
@@ -154,6 +171,7 @@
         arc: {
             static_libs: [
                 "arc_services_aidl",
+                "libarcappfuse",
                 "libarcobbvolume",
             ],
         },
@@ -168,6 +186,11 @@
         "vold_prepare_subdirs",
         "wait_for_keymaster",
     ],
+
+    shared_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.health.storage@1.0",
+        "libhidltransport",
+    ],
 }
 
 cc_binary {
diff --git a/AppFuseUtil.cpp b/AppFuseUtil.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..711e70b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/AppFuseUtil.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,167 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2018 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "AppFuseUtil.h"
+
+#include <sys/mount.h>
+#include <utils/Errors.h>
+
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+#include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
+
+#include "Utils.h"
+
+using android::base::StringPrintf;
+
+namespace android {
+namespace vold {
+
+namespace {
+
+static size_t kAppFuseMaxMountPointName = 32;
+
+static android::status_t GetMountPath(uid_t uid, const std::string& name, std::string* path) {
+    if (name.size() > kAppFuseMaxMountPointName) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "AppFuse mount name is too long.";
+        return -EINVAL;
+    }
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < name.size(); i++) {
+        if (!isalnum(name[i])) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "AppFuse mount name contains invalid character.";
+            return -EINVAL;
+        }
+    }
+    *path = StringPrintf("/mnt/appfuse/%d_%s", uid, name.c_str());
+    return android::OK;
+}
+
+static android::status_t Mount(int device_fd, const std::string& path) {
+    const auto opts = StringPrintf(
+        "fd=%i,"
+        "rootmode=40000,"
+        "default_permissions,"
+        "allow_other,"
+        "user_id=0,group_id=0,"
+        "context=\"u:object_r:app_fuse_file:s0\","
+        "fscontext=u:object_r:app_fusefs:s0",
+        device_fd);
+
+    const int result =
+        TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(mount("/dev/fuse", path.c_str(), "fuse",
+                                 MS_NOSUID | MS_NODEV | MS_NOEXEC | MS_NOATIME, opts.c_str()));
+    if (result != 0) {
+        PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to mount " << path;
+        return -errno;
+    }
+
+    return android::OK;
+}
+
+static android::status_t RunCommand(const std::string& command, uid_t uid, const std::string& path,
+                                    int device_fd) {
+    if (DEBUG_APPFUSE) {
+        LOG(DEBUG) << "Run app fuse command " << command << " for the path " << path << " and uid "
+                   << uid;
+    }
+
+    if (command == "mount") {
+        return Mount(device_fd, path);
+    } else if (command == "unmount") {
+        // If it's just after all FD opened on mount point are closed, umount2 can fail with
+        // EBUSY. To avoid the case, specify MNT_DETACH.
+        if (umount2(path.c_str(), UMOUNT_NOFOLLOW | MNT_DETACH) != 0 && errno != EINVAL &&
+            errno != ENOENT) {
+            PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to unmount directory.";
+            return -errno;
+        }
+        if (rmdir(path.c_str()) != 0) {
+            PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to remove the mount directory.";
+            return -errno;
+        }
+        return android::OK;
+    } else {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Unknown appfuse command " << command;
+        return -EPERM;
+    }
+
+    return android::OK;
+}
+
+}  // namespace
+
+int MountAppFuse(uid_t uid, int mountId, android::base::unique_fd* device_fd) {
+    std::string name = std::to_string(mountId);
+
+    // Check mount point name.
+    std::string path;
+    if (GetMountPath(uid, name, &path) != android::OK) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid mount point name";
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    // Forcibly remove the existing mount before we attempt to prepare the
+    // directory. If we have a dangling mount, then PrepareDir may fail if the
+    // indirection to FUSE doesn't work.
+    android::vold::ForceUnmount(path);
+
+    // Create directories.
+    const android::status_t result = android::vold::PrepareDir(path, 0700, 0, 0);
+    if (result != android::OK) {
+        PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to prepare directory " << path;
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    // Open device FD.
+    // NOLINTNEXTLINE(android-cloexec-open): Deliberately not O_CLOEXEC
+    device_fd->reset(open("/dev/fuse", O_RDWR));
+    if (device_fd->get() == -1) {
+        PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to open /dev/fuse";
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    // Mount.
+    return RunCommand("mount", uid, path, device_fd->get());
+}
+
+int UnmountAppFuse(uid_t uid, int mountId) {
+    std::string name = std::to_string(mountId);
+
+    // Check mount point name.
+    std::string path;
+    if (GetMountPath(uid, name, &path) != android::OK) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid mount point name";
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    return RunCommand("unmount", uid, path, -1 /* device_fd */);
+}
+
+int OpenAppFuseFile(uid_t uid, int mountId, int fileId, int flags) {
+    std::string name = std::to_string(mountId);
+
+    // Check mount point name.
+    std::string mountPoint;
+    if (GetMountPath(uid, name, &mountPoint) != android::OK) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid mount point name";
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    std::string path = StringPrintf("%s/%d", mountPoint.c_str(), fileId);
+    return TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(open(path.c_str(), flags));
+}
+
+}  // namespace vold
+}  // namespace android
diff --git a/AppFuseUtil.h b/AppFuseUtil.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..463c6d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/AppFuseUtil.h
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2018 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef ANDROID_VOLD_APP_FUSE_UTIL_H_
+#define ANDROID_VOLD_APP_FUSE_UTIL_H_
+
+#include <android-base/unique_fd.h>
+
+#define DEBUG_APPFUSE 0
+
+namespace android {
+namespace vold {
+
+int MountAppFuse(uid_t uid, int mountId, android::base::unique_fd* device_fd);
+
+int UnmountAppFuse(uid_t uid, int mountId);
+
+int OpenAppFuseFile(uid_t uid, int mountId, int fileId, int flags);
+
+}  // namespace vold
+}  // namespace android
+
+#endif  // ANDROID_VOLD_APP_FUSE_UTIL_H_
diff --git a/Benchmark.cpp b/Benchmark.cpp
index dfe3366..b0a3b85 100644
--- a/Benchmark.cpp
+++ b/Benchmark.cpp
@@ -28,8 +28,8 @@
 
 #include <thread>
 
-#include <sys/time.h>
 #include <sys/resource.h>
+#include <sys/time.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 
 using android::base::ReadFileToString;
@@ -50,12 +50,12 @@
 
 // RAII class for boosting device performance during benchmarks.
 class PerformanceBoost {
-private:
+  private:
     int orig_prio;
     int orig_ioprio;
     IoSchedClass orig_clazz;
 
-public:
+  public:
     PerformanceBoost() {
         errno = 0;
         orig_prio = getpriority(PRIO_PROCESS, 0);
@@ -87,8 +87,8 @@
 };
 
 static status_t benchmarkInternal(const std::string& rootPath,
-        const android::sp<android::os::IVoldTaskListener>& listener,
-        android::os::PersistableBundle* extras) {
+                                  const android::sp<android::os::IVoldTaskListener>& listener,
+                                  android::os::PersistableBundle* extras) {
     status_t res = 0;
 
     auto path = rootPath;
@@ -137,12 +137,12 @@
     // Only drop when we haven't aborted
     if (res == OK) {
         android::base::Timer timer;
-        LOG(VERBOSE) << "Before drop_caches";
+        LOG(DEBUG) << "Before drop_caches";
         if (!WriteStringToFile("3", "/proc/sys/vm/drop_caches")) {
             PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to drop_caches";
             res = -1;
         }
-        LOG(VERBOSE) << "After drop_caches";
+        LOG(DEBUG) << "After drop_caches";
         sync();
         if (res == OK) extras->putLong(String16("drop"), timer.duration().count());
     }
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@
 }
 
 void Benchmark(const std::string& path,
-        const android::sp<android::os::IVoldTaskListener>& listener) {
+               const android::sp<android::os::IVoldTaskListener>& listener) {
     std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(kBenchmarkLock);
     acquire_wake_lock(PARTIAL_WAKE_LOCK, kWakeLock);
 
diff --git a/Benchmark.h b/Benchmark.h
index 4f19b01..d5882cd 100644
--- a/Benchmark.h
+++ b/Benchmark.h
@@ -24,8 +24,10 @@
 namespace android {
 namespace vold {
 
+// clang-format off
 void Benchmark(const std::string& path,
-        const android::sp<android::os::IVoldTaskListener>& listener);
+               const android::sp<android::os::IVoldTaskListener>& listener);
+// clang-format on
 
 }  // namespace vold
 }  // namespace android
diff --git a/Checkpoint.cpp b/Checkpoint.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e784c91
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Checkpoint.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,711 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2018 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#define LOG_TAG "Checkpoint"
+#include "Checkpoint.h"
+#include "VoldUtil.h"
+
+#include <fstream>
+#include <list>
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+#include <thread>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include <android-base/file.h>
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+#include <android-base/parseint.h>
+#include <android-base/properties.h>
+#include <android-base/unique_fd.h>
+#include <android/hardware/boot/1.0/IBootControl.h>
+#include <cutils/android_reboot.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <fs_mgr.h>
+#include <linux/fs.h>
+#include <mntent.h>
+#include <sys/mount.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <sys/statvfs.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+using android::base::GetBoolProperty;
+using android::base::GetUintProperty;
+using android::base::SetProperty;
+using android::binder::Status;
+using android::fs_mgr::Fstab;
+using android::fs_mgr::ReadDefaultFstab;
+using android::fs_mgr::ReadFstabFromFile;
+using android::hardware::hidl_string;
+using android::hardware::boot::V1_0::BoolResult;
+using android::hardware::boot::V1_0::CommandResult;
+using android::hardware::boot::V1_0::IBootControl;
+using android::hardware::boot::V1_0::Slot;
+
+namespace android {
+namespace vold {
+
+namespace {
+const std::string kMetadataCPFile = "/metadata/vold/checkpoint";
+
+bool setBowState(std::string const& block_device, std::string const& state) {
+    if (block_device.substr(0, 5) != "/dev/") {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Expected block device, got " << block_device;
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    std::string state_filename = std::string("/sys/") + block_device.substr(5) + "/bow/state";
+    if (!android::base::WriteStringToFile(state, state_filename)) {
+        PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to write to file " << state_filename;
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+}  // namespace
+
+Status cp_supportsCheckpoint(bool& result) {
+    result = false;
+
+    for (const auto& entry : fstab_default) {
+        if (entry.fs_mgr_flags.checkpoint_blk || entry.fs_mgr_flags.checkpoint_fs) {
+            result = true;
+            return Status::ok();
+        }
+    }
+    return Status::ok();
+}
+
+Status cp_supportsBlockCheckpoint(bool& result) {
+    result = false;
+
+    for (const auto& entry : fstab_default) {
+        if (entry.fs_mgr_flags.checkpoint_blk) {
+            result = true;
+            return Status::ok();
+        }
+    }
+    return Status::ok();
+}
+
+Status cp_supportsFileCheckpoint(bool& result) {
+    result = false;
+
+    for (const auto& entry : fstab_default) {
+        if (entry.fs_mgr_flags.checkpoint_fs) {
+            result = true;
+            return Status::ok();
+        }
+    }
+    return Status::ok();
+}
+
+Status cp_startCheckpoint(int retry) {
+    if (retry < -1) return Status::fromExceptionCode(EINVAL, "Retry count must be more than -1");
+    std::string content = std::to_string(retry + 1);
+    if (retry == -1) {
+        sp<IBootControl> module = IBootControl::getService();
+        if (module) {
+            std::string suffix;
+            auto cb = [&suffix](hidl_string s) { suffix = s; };
+            if (module->getSuffix(module->getCurrentSlot(), cb).isOk()) content += " " + suffix;
+        }
+    }
+    if (!android::base::WriteStringToFile(content, kMetadataCPFile))
+        return Status::fromExceptionCode(errno, "Failed to write checkpoint file");
+    return Status::ok();
+}
+
+namespace {
+
+volatile bool isCheckpointing = false;
+}
+
+Status cp_commitChanges() {
+    if (!isCheckpointing) {
+        return Status::ok();
+    }
+    sp<IBootControl> module = IBootControl::getService();
+    if (module) {
+        CommandResult cr;
+        module->markBootSuccessful([&cr](CommandResult result) { cr = result; });
+        if (!cr.success) {
+            std::string msg = "Error marking booted successfully: " + std::string(cr.errMsg);
+            return Status::fromExceptionCode(EINVAL, String8(msg.c_str()));
+        }
+        LOG(INFO) << "Marked slot as booted successfully.";
+    }
+    // Must take action for list of mounted checkpointed things here
+    // To do this, we walk the list of mounted file systems.
+    // But we also need to get the matching fstab entries to see
+    // the original flags
+    std::string err_str;
+
+    Fstab mounts;
+    if (!ReadFstabFromFile("/proc/mounts", &mounts)) {
+        return Status::fromExceptionCode(EINVAL, "Failed to get /proc/mounts");
+    }
+
+    // Walk mounted file systems
+    for (const auto& mount_rec : mounts) {
+        const auto fstab_rec = GetEntryForMountPoint(&fstab_default, mount_rec.mount_point);
+        if (!fstab_rec) continue;
+
+        if (fstab_rec->fs_mgr_flags.checkpoint_fs) {
+            if (fstab_rec->fs_type == "f2fs") {
+                std::string options = mount_rec.fs_options + ",checkpoint=enable";
+                if (mount(mount_rec.blk_device.c_str(), mount_rec.mount_point.c_str(), "none",
+                          MS_REMOUNT | fstab_rec->flags, options.c_str())) {
+                    return Status::fromExceptionCode(EINVAL, "Failed to remount");
+                }
+            }
+        } else if (fstab_rec->fs_mgr_flags.checkpoint_blk) {
+            if (!setBowState(mount_rec.blk_device, "2"))
+                return Status::fromExceptionCode(EINVAL, "Failed to set bow state");
+        }
+    }
+    SetProperty("vold.checkpoint_committed", "1");
+    LOG(INFO) << "Checkpoint has been committed.";
+    isCheckpointing = false;
+    if (!android::base::RemoveFileIfExists(kMetadataCPFile, &err_str))
+        return Status::fromExceptionCode(errno, err_str.c_str());
+    return Status::ok();
+}
+
+namespace {
+void abort_metadata_file() {
+    std::string oldContent, newContent;
+    int retry = 0;
+    struct stat st;
+    int result = stat(kMetadataCPFile.c_str(), &st);
+
+    // If the file doesn't exist, we aren't managing a checkpoint retry counter
+    if (result != 0) return;
+    if (!android::base::ReadFileToString(kMetadataCPFile, &oldContent)) {
+        PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to read checkpoint file";
+        return;
+    }
+    std::string retryContent = oldContent.substr(0, oldContent.find_first_of(" "));
+
+    if (!android::base::ParseInt(retryContent, &retry)) {
+        PLOG(ERROR) << "Could not parse retry count";
+        return;
+    }
+    if (retry > 0) {
+        newContent = "0";
+        if (!android::base::WriteStringToFile(newContent, kMetadataCPFile))
+            PLOG(ERROR) << "Could not write checkpoint file";
+    }
+}
+}  // namespace
+
+void cp_abortChanges(const std::string& message, bool retry) {
+    if (!cp_needsCheckpoint()) return;
+    if (!retry) abort_metadata_file();
+    android_reboot(ANDROID_RB_RESTART2, 0, message.c_str());
+}
+
+bool cp_needsRollback() {
+    std::string content;
+    bool ret;
+
+    ret = android::base::ReadFileToString(kMetadataCPFile, &content);
+    if (ret) {
+        if (content == "0") return true;
+        if (content.substr(0, 3) == "-1 ") {
+            std::string oldSuffix = content.substr(3);
+            sp<IBootControl> module = IBootControl::getService();
+            std::string newSuffix;
+
+            if (module) {
+                auto cb = [&newSuffix](hidl_string s) { newSuffix = s; };
+                module->getSuffix(module->getCurrentSlot(), cb);
+                if (oldSuffix == newSuffix) return true;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
+bool cp_needsCheckpoint() {
+    bool ret;
+    std::string content;
+    sp<IBootControl> module = IBootControl::getService();
+
+    if (isCheckpointing) return isCheckpointing;
+
+    if (module && module->isSlotMarkedSuccessful(module->getCurrentSlot()) == BoolResult::FALSE) {
+        isCheckpointing = true;
+        return true;
+    }
+    ret = android::base::ReadFileToString(kMetadataCPFile, &content);
+    if (ret) {
+        ret = content != "0";
+        isCheckpointing = ret;
+        return ret;
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
+namespace {
+const std::string kSleepTimeProp = "ro.sys.cp_msleeptime";
+const uint32_t msleeptime_default = 1000;  // 1 s
+const uint32_t max_msleeptime = 3600000;   // 1 h
+
+const std::string kMinFreeBytesProp = "ro.sys.cp_min_free_bytes";
+const uint64_t min_free_bytes_default = 100 * (1 << 20);  // 100 MiB
+
+const std::string kCommitOnFullProp = "ro.sys.cp_commit_on_full";
+const bool commit_on_full_default = true;
+
+static void cp_healthDaemon(std::string mnt_pnt, std::string blk_device, bool is_fs_cp) {
+    struct statvfs data;
+    uint64_t free_bytes = 0;
+    uint32_t msleeptime = GetUintProperty(kSleepTimeProp, msleeptime_default, max_msleeptime);
+    uint64_t min_free_bytes =
+        GetUintProperty(kMinFreeBytesProp, min_free_bytes_default, (uint64_t)-1);
+    bool commit_on_full = GetBoolProperty(kCommitOnFullProp, commit_on_full_default);
+
+    struct timespec req;
+    req.tv_sec = msleeptime / 1000;
+    msleeptime %= 1000;
+    req.tv_nsec = msleeptime * 1000000;
+    while (isCheckpointing) {
+        if (is_fs_cp) {
+            statvfs(mnt_pnt.c_str(), &data);
+            free_bytes = data.f_bavail * data.f_frsize;
+        } else {
+            int ret;
+            std::string size_filename = std::string("/sys/") + blk_device.substr(5) + "/bow/free";
+            std::string content;
+            ret = android::base::ReadFileToString(size_filename, &content);
+            if (ret) {
+                free_bytes = std::strtoul(content.c_str(), NULL, 10);
+            }
+        }
+        if (free_bytes < min_free_bytes) {
+            if (commit_on_full) {
+                LOG(INFO) << "Low space for checkpointing. Commiting changes";
+                cp_commitChanges();
+                break;
+            } else {
+                LOG(INFO) << "Low space for checkpointing. Rebooting";
+                cp_abortChanges("checkpoint,low_space", false);
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        nanosleep(&req, NULL);
+    }
+}
+
+}  // namespace
+
+Status cp_prepareCheckpoint() {
+    if (!isCheckpointing) {
+        return Status::ok();
+    }
+
+    Fstab mounts;
+    if (!ReadFstabFromFile("/proc/mounts", &mounts)) {
+        return Status::fromExceptionCode(EINVAL, "Failed to get /proc/mounts");
+    }
+
+    for (const auto& mount_rec : mounts) {
+        const auto fstab_rec = GetEntryForMountPoint(&fstab_default, mount_rec.mount_point);
+        if (!fstab_rec) continue;
+
+        if (fstab_rec->fs_mgr_flags.checkpoint_blk) {
+            android::base::unique_fd fd(
+                TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(open(mount_rec.mount_point.c_str(), O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC)));
+            if (fd == -1) {
+                PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to open mount point" << mount_rec.mount_point;
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            struct fstrim_range range = {};
+            range.len = ULLONG_MAX;
+            if (ioctl(fd, FITRIM, &range)) {
+                PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to trim " << mount_rec.mount_point;
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            setBowState(mount_rec.blk_device, "1");
+        }
+        if (fstab_rec->fs_mgr_flags.checkpoint_blk || fstab_rec->fs_mgr_flags.checkpoint_fs) {
+            std::thread(cp_healthDaemon, std::string(mount_rec.mount_point),
+                        std::string(mount_rec.blk_device),
+                        fstab_rec->fs_mgr_flags.checkpoint_fs == 1)
+                .detach();
+        }
+    }
+    return Status::ok();
+}
+
+namespace {
+const int kSectorSize = 512;
+
+typedef uint64_t sector_t;
+
+struct log_entry {
+    sector_t source;  // in sectors of size kSectorSize
+    sector_t dest;    // in sectors of size kSectorSize
+    uint32_t size;    // in bytes
+    uint32_t checksum;
+} __attribute__((packed));
+
+struct log_sector_v1_0 {
+    uint32_t magic;
+    uint16_t header_version;
+    uint16_t header_size;
+    uint32_t block_size;
+    uint32_t count;
+    uint32_t sequence;
+    uint64_t sector0;
+} __attribute__((packed));
+
+// MAGIC is BOW in ascii
+const int kMagic = 0x00574f42;
+// Partially restored MAGIC is WOB in ascii
+const int kPartialRestoreMagic = 0x00424f57;
+
+void crc32(const void* data, size_t n_bytes, uint32_t* crc) {
+    static uint32_t table[0x100] = {
+        0x00000000, 0x77073096, 0xEE0E612C, 0x990951BA, 0x076DC419, 0x706AF48F, 0xE963A535,
+        0x9E6495A3, 0x0EDB8832, 0x79DCB8A4, 0xE0D5E91E, 0x97D2D988, 0x09B64C2B, 0x7EB17CBD,
+        0xE7B82D07, 0x90BF1D91, 0x1DB71064, 0x6AB020F2, 0xF3B97148, 0x84BE41DE, 0x1ADAD47D,
+        0x6DDDE4EB, 0xF4D4B551, 0x83D385C7, 0x136C9856, 0x646BA8C0, 0xFD62F97A, 0x8A65C9EC,
+        0x14015C4F, 0x63066CD9, 0xFA0F3D63, 0x8D080DF5, 0x3B6E20C8, 0x4C69105E, 0xD56041E4,
+        0xA2677172, 0x3C03E4D1, 0x4B04D447, 0xD20D85FD, 0xA50AB56B, 0x35B5A8FA, 0x42B2986C,
+        0xDBBBC9D6, 0xACBCF940, 0x32D86CE3, 0x45DF5C75, 0xDCD60DCF, 0xABD13D59, 0x26D930AC,
+        0x51DE003A, 0xC8D75180, 0xBFD06116, 0x21B4F4B5, 0x56B3C423, 0xCFBA9599, 0xB8BDA50F,
+        0x2802B89E, 0x5F058808, 0xC60CD9B2, 0xB10BE924, 0x2F6F7C87, 0x58684C11, 0xC1611DAB,
+        0xB6662D3D,
+
+        0x76DC4190, 0x01DB7106, 0x98D220BC, 0xEFD5102A, 0x71B18589, 0x06B6B51F, 0x9FBFE4A5,
+        0xE8B8D433, 0x7807C9A2, 0x0F00F934, 0x9609A88E, 0xE10E9818, 0x7F6A0DBB, 0x086D3D2D,
+        0x91646C97, 0xE6635C01, 0x6B6B51F4, 0x1C6C6162, 0x856530D8, 0xF262004E, 0x6C0695ED,
+        0x1B01A57B, 0x8208F4C1, 0xF50FC457, 0x65B0D9C6, 0x12B7E950, 0x8BBEB8EA, 0xFCB9887C,
+        0x62DD1DDF, 0x15DA2D49, 0x8CD37CF3, 0xFBD44C65, 0x4DB26158, 0x3AB551CE, 0xA3BC0074,
+        0xD4BB30E2, 0x4ADFA541, 0x3DD895D7, 0xA4D1C46D, 0xD3D6F4FB, 0x4369E96A, 0x346ED9FC,
+        0xAD678846, 0xDA60B8D0, 0x44042D73, 0x33031DE5, 0xAA0A4C5F, 0xDD0D7CC9, 0x5005713C,
+        0x270241AA, 0xBE0B1010, 0xC90C2086, 0x5768B525, 0x206F85B3, 0xB966D409, 0xCE61E49F,
+        0x5EDEF90E, 0x29D9C998, 0xB0D09822, 0xC7D7A8B4, 0x59B33D17, 0x2EB40D81, 0xB7BD5C3B,
+        0xC0BA6CAD,
+
+        0xEDB88320, 0x9ABFB3B6, 0x03B6E20C, 0x74B1D29A, 0xEAD54739, 0x9DD277AF, 0x04DB2615,
+        0x73DC1683, 0xE3630B12, 0x94643B84, 0x0D6D6A3E, 0x7A6A5AA8, 0xE40ECF0B, 0x9309FF9D,
+        0x0A00AE27, 0x7D079EB1, 0xF00F9344, 0x8708A3D2, 0x1E01F268, 0x6906C2FE, 0xF762575D,
+        0x806567CB, 0x196C3671, 0x6E6B06E7, 0xFED41B76, 0x89D32BE0, 0x10DA7A5A, 0x67DD4ACC,
+        0xF9B9DF6F, 0x8EBEEFF9, 0x17B7BE43, 0x60B08ED5, 0xD6D6A3E8, 0xA1D1937E, 0x38D8C2C4,
+        0x4FDFF252, 0xD1BB67F1, 0xA6BC5767, 0x3FB506DD, 0x48B2364B, 0xD80D2BDA, 0xAF0A1B4C,
+        0x36034AF6, 0x41047A60, 0xDF60EFC3, 0xA867DF55, 0x316E8EEF, 0x4669BE79, 0xCB61B38C,
+        0xBC66831A, 0x256FD2A0, 0x5268E236, 0xCC0C7795, 0xBB0B4703, 0x220216B9, 0x5505262F,
+        0xC5BA3BBE, 0xB2BD0B28, 0x2BB45A92, 0x5CB36A04, 0xC2D7FFA7, 0xB5D0CF31, 0x2CD99E8B,
+        0x5BDEAE1D,
+
+        0x9B64C2B0, 0xEC63F226, 0x756AA39C, 0x026D930A, 0x9C0906A9, 0xEB0E363F, 0x72076785,
+        0x05005713, 0x95BF4A82, 0xE2B87A14, 0x7BB12BAE, 0x0CB61B38, 0x92D28E9B, 0xE5D5BE0D,
+        0x7CDCEFB7, 0x0BDBDF21, 0x86D3D2D4, 0xF1D4E242, 0x68DDB3F8, 0x1FDA836E, 0x81BE16CD,
+        0xF6B9265B, 0x6FB077E1, 0x18B74777, 0x88085AE6, 0xFF0F6A70, 0x66063BCA, 0x11010B5C,
+        0x8F659EFF, 0xF862AE69, 0x616BFFD3, 0x166CCF45, 0xA00AE278, 0xD70DD2EE, 0x4E048354,
+        0x3903B3C2, 0xA7672661, 0xD06016F7, 0x4969474D, 0x3E6E77DB, 0xAED16A4A, 0xD9D65ADC,
+        0x40DF0B66, 0x37D83BF0, 0xA9BCAE53, 0xDEBB9EC5, 0x47B2CF7F, 0x30B5FFE9, 0xBDBDF21C,
+        0xCABAC28A, 0x53B39330, 0x24B4A3A6, 0xBAD03605, 0xCDD70693, 0x54DE5729, 0x23D967BF,
+        0xB3667A2E, 0xC4614AB8, 0x5D681B02, 0x2A6F2B94, 0xB40BBE37, 0xC30C8EA1, 0x5A05DF1B,
+        0x2D02EF8D};
+
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < n_bytes; ++i) {
+        *crc ^= ((uint8_t*)data)[i];
+        *crc = table[(uint8_t)*crc] ^ *crc >> 8;
+    }
+}
+
+// A map of relocations.
+// The map must be initialized so that relocations[0] = 0
+// During restore, we replay the log records in reverse, copying from dest to
+// source
+// To validate, we must be able to read the 'dest' sectors as though they had
+// been copied but without actually copying. This map represents how the sectors
+// would have been moved. To read a sector s, find the index <= s and read
+// relocations[index] + s - index
+typedef std::map<sector_t, sector_t> Relocations;
+
+void relocate(Relocations& relocations, sector_t dest, sector_t source, int count) {
+    // Find first one we're equal to or greater than
+    auto s = --relocations.upper_bound(source);
+
+    // Take slice
+    Relocations slice;
+    slice[dest] = source - s->first + s->second;
+    ++s;
+
+    // Add rest of elements
+    for (; s != relocations.end() && s->first < source + count; ++s)
+        slice[dest - source + s->first] = s->second;
+
+    // Split range at end of dest
+    auto dest_end = --relocations.upper_bound(dest + count);
+    relocations[dest + count] = dest + count - dest_end->first + dest_end->second;
+
+    // Remove all elements in [dest, dest + count)
+    relocations.erase(relocations.lower_bound(dest), relocations.lower_bound(dest + count));
+
+    // Add new elements
+    relocations.insert(slice.begin(), slice.end());
+}
+
+// A map of sectors that have been written to.
+// The final entry must always be False.
+// When we restart the restore after an interruption, we must take care that
+// when we copy from dest to source, that the block we copy to was not
+// previously copied from.
+// i e. A->B C->A; If we replay this sequence, we end up copying C->B
+// We must save our partial result whenever we finish a page, or when we copy
+// to a location that was copied from earlier (our source is an earlier dest)
+typedef std::map<sector_t, bool> Used_Sectors;
+
+bool checkCollision(Used_Sectors& used_sectors, sector_t start, sector_t end) {
+    auto second_overlap = used_sectors.upper_bound(start);
+    auto first_overlap = --second_overlap;
+
+    if (first_overlap->second) {
+        return true;
+    } else if (second_overlap != used_sectors.end() && second_overlap->first < end) {
+        return true;
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
+void markUsed(Used_Sectors& used_sectors, sector_t start, sector_t end) {
+    auto start_pos = used_sectors.insert_or_assign(start, true).first;
+    auto end_pos = used_sectors.insert_or_assign(end, false).first;
+
+    if (start_pos == used_sectors.begin() || !std::prev(start_pos)->second) {
+        start_pos++;
+    }
+    if (std::next(end_pos) != used_sectors.end() && !std::next(end_pos)->second) {
+        end_pos++;
+    }
+    if (start_pos->first < end_pos->first) {
+        used_sectors.erase(start_pos, end_pos);
+    }
+}
+
+// Restores the given log_entry's data from dest -> source
+// If that entry is a log sector, set the magic to kPartialRestoreMagic and flush.
+void restoreSector(int device_fd, Used_Sectors& used_sectors, std::vector<char>& ls_buffer,
+                   log_entry* le, std::vector<char>& buffer) {
+    log_sector_v1_0& ls = *reinterpret_cast<log_sector_v1_0*>(&ls_buffer[0]);
+    uint32_t index = le - ((log_entry*)&ls_buffer[ls.header_size]);
+    int count = (le->size - 1) / kSectorSize + 1;
+
+    if (checkCollision(used_sectors, le->source, le->source + count)) {
+        fsync(device_fd);
+        lseek64(device_fd, 0, SEEK_SET);
+        ls.count = index + 1;
+        ls.magic = kPartialRestoreMagic;
+        write(device_fd, &ls_buffer[0], ls.block_size);
+        fsync(device_fd);
+        used_sectors.clear();
+        used_sectors[0] = false;
+    }
+
+    markUsed(used_sectors, le->dest, le->dest + count);
+
+    if (index == 0 && ls.sequence != 0) {
+        log_sector_v1_0* next = reinterpret_cast<log_sector_v1_0*>(&buffer[0]);
+        if (next->magic == kMagic) {
+            next->magic = kPartialRestoreMagic;
+        }
+    }
+
+    lseek64(device_fd, le->source * kSectorSize, SEEK_SET);
+    write(device_fd, &buffer[0], le->size);
+
+    if (index == 0) {
+        fsync(device_fd);
+    }
+}
+
+// Read from the device
+// If we are validating, the read occurs as though the relocations had happened
+std::vector<char> relocatedRead(int device_fd, Relocations const& relocations, bool validating,
+                                sector_t sector, uint32_t size, uint32_t block_size) {
+    if (!validating) {
+        std::vector<char> buffer(size);
+        lseek64(device_fd, sector * kSectorSize, SEEK_SET);
+        read(device_fd, &buffer[0], size);
+        return buffer;
+    }
+
+    std::vector<char> buffer(size);
+    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < size; i += block_size, sector += block_size / kSectorSize) {
+        auto relocation = --relocations.upper_bound(sector);
+        lseek64(device_fd, (sector + relocation->second - relocation->first) * kSectorSize,
+                SEEK_SET);
+        read(device_fd, &buffer[i], block_size);
+    }
+
+    return buffer;
+}
+
+}  // namespace
+
+Status cp_restoreCheckpoint(const std::string& blockDevice, int restore_limit) {
+    bool validating = true;
+    std::string action = "Validating";
+    int restore_count = 0;
+
+    for (;;) {
+        Relocations relocations;
+        relocations[0] = 0;
+        Status status = Status::ok();
+
+        LOG(INFO) << action << " checkpoint on " << blockDevice;
+        base::unique_fd device_fd(open(blockDevice.c_str(), O_RDWR | O_CLOEXEC));
+        if (device_fd < 0) {
+            PLOG(ERROR) << "Cannot open " << blockDevice;
+            return Status::fromExceptionCode(errno, ("Cannot open " + blockDevice).c_str());
+        }
+
+        log_sector_v1_0 original_ls;
+        read(device_fd, reinterpret_cast<char*>(&original_ls), sizeof(original_ls));
+        if (original_ls.magic == kPartialRestoreMagic) {
+            validating = false;
+            action = "Restoring";
+        } else if (original_ls.magic != kMagic) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "No magic";
+            return Status::fromExceptionCode(EINVAL, "No magic");
+        }
+
+        LOG(INFO) << action << " " << original_ls.sequence << " log sectors";
+
+        for (int sequence = original_ls.sequence; sequence >= 0 && status.isOk(); sequence--) {
+            auto ls_buffer = relocatedRead(device_fd, relocations, validating, 0,
+                                           original_ls.block_size, original_ls.block_size);
+            log_sector_v1_0& ls = *reinterpret_cast<log_sector_v1_0*>(&ls_buffer[0]);
+
+            Used_Sectors used_sectors;
+            used_sectors[0] = false;
+
+            if (ls.magic != kMagic && (ls.magic != kPartialRestoreMagic || validating)) {
+                LOG(ERROR) << "No magic!";
+                status = Status::fromExceptionCode(EINVAL, "No magic");
+                break;
+            }
+
+            if (ls.block_size != original_ls.block_size) {
+                LOG(ERROR) << "Block size mismatch!";
+                status = Status::fromExceptionCode(EINVAL, "Block size mismatch");
+                break;
+            }
+
+            if ((int)ls.sequence != sequence) {
+                LOG(ERROR) << "Expecting log sector " << sequence << " but got " << ls.sequence;
+                status = Status::fromExceptionCode(
+                    EINVAL, ("Expecting log sector " + std::to_string(sequence) + " but got " +
+                             std::to_string(ls.sequence))
+                                .c_str());
+                break;
+            }
+
+            LOG(INFO) << action << " from log sector " << ls.sequence;
+            for (log_entry* le =
+                     reinterpret_cast<log_entry*>(&ls_buffer[ls.header_size]) + ls.count - 1;
+                 le >= reinterpret_cast<log_entry*>(&ls_buffer[ls.header_size]); --le) {
+                // This is very noisy - limit to DEBUG only
+                LOG(VERBOSE) << action << " " << le->size << " bytes from sector " << le->dest
+                             << " to " << le->source << " with checksum " << std::hex
+                             << le->checksum;
+
+                auto buffer = relocatedRead(device_fd, relocations, validating, le->dest, le->size,
+                                            ls.block_size);
+                uint32_t checksum = le->source / (ls.block_size / kSectorSize);
+                for (size_t i = 0; i < le->size; i += ls.block_size) {
+                    crc32(&buffer[i], ls.block_size, &checksum);
+                }
+
+                if (le->checksum && checksum != le->checksum) {
+                    LOG(ERROR) << "Checksums don't match " << std::hex << checksum;
+                    status = Status::fromExceptionCode(EINVAL, "Checksums don't match");
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                if (validating) {
+                    relocate(relocations, le->source, le->dest, (le->size - 1) / kSectorSize + 1);
+                } else {
+                    restoreSector(device_fd, used_sectors, ls_buffer, le, buffer);
+                    restore_count++;
+                    if (restore_limit && restore_count >= restore_limit) {
+                        LOG(WARNING) << "Hit the test limit";
+                        status = Status::fromExceptionCode(EAGAIN, "Hit the test limit");
+                        break;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (!status.isOk()) {
+            if (!validating) {
+                LOG(ERROR) << "Checkpoint restore failed even though checkpoint validation passed";
+                return status;
+            }
+
+            LOG(WARNING) << "Checkpoint validation failed - attempting to roll forward";
+            auto buffer = relocatedRead(device_fd, relocations, false, original_ls.sector0,
+                                        original_ls.block_size, original_ls.block_size);
+            lseek64(device_fd, 0, SEEK_SET);
+            write(device_fd, &buffer[0], original_ls.block_size);
+            return Status::ok();
+        }
+
+        if (!validating) break;
+
+        validating = false;
+        action = "Restoring";
+    }
+
+    return Status::ok();
+}
+
+Status cp_markBootAttempt() {
+    std::string oldContent, newContent;
+    int retry = 0;
+    struct stat st;
+    int result = stat(kMetadataCPFile.c_str(), &st);
+
+    // If the file doesn't exist, we aren't managing a checkpoint retry counter
+    if (result != 0) return Status::ok();
+    if (!android::base::ReadFileToString(kMetadataCPFile, &oldContent)) {
+        PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to read checkpoint file";
+        return Status::fromExceptionCode(errno, "Failed to read checkpoint file");
+    }
+    std::string retryContent = oldContent.substr(0, oldContent.find_first_of(" "));
+
+    if (!android::base::ParseInt(retryContent, &retry))
+        return Status::fromExceptionCode(EINVAL, "Could not parse retry count");
+    if (retry > 0) {
+        retry--;
+
+        newContent = std::to_string(retry);
+        if (!android::base::WriteStringToFile(newContent, kMetadataCPFile))
+            return Status::fromExceptionCode(errno, "Could not write checkpoint file");
+    }
+    return Status::ok();
+}
+
+}  // namespace vold
+}  // namespace android
diff --git a/Checkpoint.h b/Checkpoint.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..63ead83
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Checkpoint.h
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2018 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef _CHECKPOINT_H
+#define _CHECKPOINT_H
+
+#include <binder/Status.h>
+#include <string>
+
+namespace android {
+namespace vold {
+
+android::binder::Status cp_supportsCheckpoint(bool& result);
+
+android::binder::Status cp_supportsBlockCheckpoint(bool& result);
+
+android::binder::Status cp_supportsFileCheckpoint(bool& result);
+
+android::binder::Status cp_startCheckpoint(int retry);
+
+android::binder::Status cp_commitChanges();
+
+void cp_abortChanges(const std::string& message, bool retry);
+
+bool cp_needsRollback();
+
+bool cp_needsCheckpoint();
+
+android::binder::Status cp_prepareCheckpoint();
+
+android::binder::Status cp_restoreCheckpoint(const std::string& mountPoint, int count = 0);
+
+android::binder::Status cp_markBootAttempt();
+
+}  // namespace vold
+}  // namespace android
+
+#endif
diff --git a/Devmapper.cpp b/Devmapper.cpp
index 2510771..b42467c 100644
--- a/Devmapper.cpp
+++ b/Devmapper.cpp
@@ -16,23 +16,22 @@
 
 #define ATRACE_TAG ATRACE_TAG_PACKAGE_MANAGER
 
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
-#include <fcntl.h>
-#include <unistd.h>
-#include <errno.h>
 #include <string.h>
-#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
 
-#include <sys/types.h>
 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
 #include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
 
 #include <linux/kdev_t.h>
 
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
-#include <android-base/strings.h>
 #include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
+#include <android-base/strings.h>
 #include <utils/Trace.h>
 
 #include "Devmapper.h"
@@ -43,8 +42,7 @@
 
 static const char* kVoldPrefix = "vold:";
 
-void Devmapper::ioctlInit(struct dm_ioctl *io, size_t dataSize,
-                          const char *name, unsigned flags) {
+void Devmapper::ioctlInit(struct dm_ioctl* io, size_t dataSize, const char* name, unsigned flags) {
     memset(io, 0, dataSize);
     io->data_size = dataSize;
     io->data_start = sizeof(struct dm_ioctl);
@@ -54,17 +52,16 @@
     io->flags = flags;
     if (name) {
         size_t ret = strlcpy(io->name, name, sizeof(io->name));
-        if (ret >= sizeof(io->name))
-            abort();
+        if (ret >= sizeof(io->name)) abort();
     }
 }
 
-int Devmapper::create(const char *name_raw, const char *loopFile, const char *key,
-                      unsigned long numSectors, char *ubuffer, size_t len) {
+int Devmapper::create(const char* name_raw, const char* loopFile, const char* key,
+                      unsigned long numSectors, char* ubuffer, size_t len) {
     auto name_string = StringPrintf("%s%s", kVoldPrefix, name_raw);
     const char* name = name_string.c_str();
 
-    char *buffer = (char *) malloc(DEVMAPPER_BUFFER_SIZE);
+    char* buffer = (char*)malloc(DEVMAPPER_BUFFER_SIZE);
     if (!buffer) {
         PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed malloc";
         return -1;
@@ -77,8 +74,8 @@
         return -1;
     }
 
-    struct dm_ioctl *io = (struct dm_ioctl *) buffer;
- 
+    struct dm_ioctl* io = (struct dm_ioctl*)buffer;
+
     // Create the DM device
     ioctlInit(io, DEVMAPPER_BUFFER_SIZE, name, 0);
 
@@ -92,11 +89,11 @@
     // Set the legacy geometry
     ioctlInit(io, DEVMAPPER_BUFFER_SIZE, name, 0);
 
-    char *geoParams = buffer + sizeof(struct dm_ioctl);
+    char* geoParams = buffer + sizeof(struct dm_ioctl);
     // bps=512 spc=8 res=32 nft=2 sec=8190 mid=0xf0 spt=63 hds=64 hid=0 bspf=8 rdcl=2 infs=1 bkbs=2
     strlcpy(geoParams, "0 64 63 0", DEVMAPPER_BUFFER_SIZE - sizeof(struct dm_ioctl));
     geoParams += strlen(geoParams) + 1;
-    geoParams = (char *) _align(geoParams, 8);
+    geoParams = (char*)_align(geoParams, 8);
     if (ioctl(fd, DM_DEV_SET_GEOMETRY, io)) {
         PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed DM_DEV_SET_GEOMETRY";
         free(buffer);
@@ -117,8 +114,8 @@
     snprintf(ubuffer, len, "/dev/block/dm-%u", minor);
 
     // Load the table
-    struct dm_target_spec *tgt;
-    tgt = (struct dm_target_spec *) &buffer[sizeof(struct dm_ioctl)];
+    struct dm_target_spec* tgt;
+    tgt = (struct dm_target_spec*)&buffer[sizeof(struct dm_ioctl)];
 
     ioctlInit(io, DEVMAPPER_BUFFER_SIZE, name, DM_STATUS_TABLE_FLAG);
     io->target_count = 1;
@@ -129,12 +126,12 @@
 
     strlcpy(tgt->target_type, "crypt", sizeof(tgt->target_type));
 
-    char *cryptParams = buffer + sizeof(struct dm_ioctl) + sizeof(struct dm_target_spec);
+    char* cryptParams = buffer + sizeof(struct dm_ioctl) + sizeof(struct dm_target_spec);
     snprintf(cryptParams,
-            DEVMAPPER_BUFFER_SIZE - (sizeof(struct dm_ioctl) + sizeof(struct dm_target_spec)),
-            "twofish %s 0 %s 0", key, loopFile);
+             DEVMAPPER_BUFFER_SIZE - (sizeof(struct dm_ioctl) + sizeof(struct dm_target_spec)),
+             "twofish %s 0 %s 0", key, loopFile);
     cryptParams += strlen(cryptParams) + 1;
-    cryptParams = (char *) _align(cryptParams, 8);
+    cryptParams = (char*)_align(cryptParams, 8);
     tgt->next = cryptParams - buffer;
 
     if (ioctl(fd, DM_TABLE_LOAD, io)) {
@@ -160,11 +157,11 @@
     return 0;
 }
 
-int Devmapper::destroy(const char *name_raw) {
+int Devmapper::destroy(const char* name_raw) {
     auto name_string = StringPrintf("%s%s", kVoldPrefix, name_raw);
     const char* name = name_string.c_str();
 
-    char *buffer = (char *) malloc(DEVMAPPER_BUFFER_SIZE);
+    char* buffer = (char*)malloc(DEVMAPPER_BUFFER_SIZE);
     if (!buffer) {
         PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed malloc";
         return -1;
@@ -177,8 +174,8 @@
         return -1;
     }
 
-    struct dm_ioctl *io = (struct dm_ioctl *) buffer;
- 
+    struct dm_ioctl* io = (struct dm_ioctl*)buffer;
+
     // Create the DM device
     ioctlInit(io, DEVMAPPER_BUFFER_SIZE, name, 0);
 
@@ -198,14 +195,14 @@
 
 int Devmapper::destroyAll() {
     ATRACE_NAME("Devmapper::destroyAll");
-    char *buffer = (char *) malloc(1024 * 64);
+    char* buffer = (char*)malloc(1024 * 64);
     if (!buffer) {
         PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed malloc";
         return -1;
     }
     memset(buffer, 0, (1024 * 64));
 
-    char *buffer2 = (char *) malloc(DEVMAPPER_BUFFER_SIZE);
+    char* buffer2 = (char*)malloc(DEVMAPPER_BUFFER_SIZE);
     if (!buffer2) {
         PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed malloc";
         free(buffer);
@@ -220,7 +217,7 @@
         return -1;
     }
 
-    struct dm_ioctl *io = (struct dm_ioctl *) buffer;
+    struct dm_ioctl* io = (struct dm_ioctl*)buffer;
     ioctlInit(io, (1024 * 64), NULL, 0);
 
     if (ioctl(fd, DM_LIST_DEVICES, io)) {
@@ -231,7 +228,7 @@
         return -1;
     }
 
-    struct dm_name_list *n = (struct dm_name_list *) (((char *) buffer) + io->data_start);
+    struct dm_name_list* n = (struct dm_name_list*)(((char*)buffer) + io->data_start);
     if (!n->dev) {
         free(buffer);
         free(buffer2);
@@ -241,13 +238,13 @@
 
     unsigned nxt = 0;
     do {
-        n = (struct dm_name_list *) (((char *) n) + nxt);
+        n = (struct dm_name_list*)(((char*)n) + nxt);
         auto name = std::string(n->name);
         if (android::base::StartsWith(name, kVoldPrefix)) {
             LOG(DEBUG) << "Tearing down stale dm device named " << name;
 
             memset(buffer2, 0, DEVMAPPER_BUFFER_SIZE);
-            struct dm_ioctl *io2 = (struct dm_ioctl *) buffer2;
+            struct dm_ioctl* io2 = (struct dm_ioctl*)buffer2;
             ioctlInit(io2, DEVMAPPER_BUFFER_SIZE, n->name, 0);
             if (ioctl(fd, DM_DEV_REMOVE, io2)) {
                 if (errno != ENXIO) {
@@ -255,7 +252,7 @@
                 }
             }
         } else {
-            LOG(VERBOSE) << "Found unmanaged dm device named " << name;
+            LOG(DEBUG) << "Found unmanaged dm device named " << name;
         }
         nxt = n->next;
     } while (nxt);
@@ -266,9 +263,8 @@
     return 0;
 }
 
-void *Devmapper::_align(void *ptr, unsigned int a)
-{
-        unsigned long agn = --a;
+void* Devmapper::_align(void* ptr, unsigned int a) {
+    unsigned long agn = --a;
 
-        return (void *) (((unsigned long) ptr + agn) & ~agn);
+    return (void*)(((unsigned long)ptr + agn) & ~agn);
 }
diff --git a/Devmapper.h b/Devmapper.h
index 7bb9786..b1f6dfa 100644
--- a/Devmapper.h
+++ b/Devmapper.h
@@ -17,20 +17,19 @@
 #ifndef _DEVMAPPER_H
 #define _DEVMAPPER_H
 
-#include <unistd.h>
 #include <linux/dm-ioctl.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
 
 class Devmapper {
-public:
-    static int create(const char *name, const char *loopFile, const char *key,
-                      unsigned long numSectors, char *buffer, size_t len);
-    static int destroy(const char *name);
+  public:
+    static int create(const char* name, const char* loopFile, const char* key,
+                      unsigned long numSectors, char* buffer, size_t len);
+    static int destroy(const char* name);
     static int destroyAll();
 
-private:
-    static void *_align(void *ptr, unsigned int a);
-    static void ioctlInit(struct dm_ioctl *io, size_t data_size,
-                          const char *name, unsigned flags);
+  private:
+    static void* _align(void* ptr, unsigned int a);
+    static void ioctlInit(struct dm_ioctl* io, size_t data_size, const char* name, unsigned flags);
 };
 
 #endif
diff --git a/EncryptInplace.cpp b/EncryptInplace.cpp
index 6462dbf..f55932d 100644
--- a/EncryptInplace.cpp
+++ b/EncryptInplace.cpp
@@ -16,16 +16,16 @@
 
 #include "EncryptInplace.h"
 
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdint.h>
-#include <inttypes.h>
-#include <time.h>
-#include <sys/types.h>
-#include <sys/stat.h>
-#include <fcntl.h>
 #include <ext4_utils/ext4.h>
 #include <ext4_utils/ext4_utils.h>
 #include <f2fs_sparseblock.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <inttypes.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <time.h>
 
 #include <algorithm>
 
@@ -36,13 +36,11 @@
 #include "cryptfs.h"
 
 // FIXME horrible cut-and-paste code
-static inline int unix_read(int  fd, void*  buff, int  len)
-{
+static inline int unix_read(int fd, void* buff, int len) {
     return TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(read(fd, buff, len));
 }
 
-static inline int unix_write(int  fd, const void*  buff, int  len)
-{
+static inline int unix_write(int fd, const void* buff, int len) {
     return TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(write(fd, buff, len));
 }
 
@@ -57,15 +55,14 @@
 #define BLOCKS_AT_A_TIME 1024
 #endif
 
-struct encryptGroupsData
-{
+struct encryptGroupsData {
     int realfd;
     int cryptofd;
     off64_t numblocks;
     off64_t one_pct, cur_pct, new_pct;
     off64_t blocks_already_done, tot_numblocks;
     off64_t used_blocks_already_done, tot_used_blocks;
-    char* real_blkdev, * crypto_blkdev;
+    char *real_blkdev, *crypto_blkdev;
     int count;
     off64_t offset;
     char* buffer;
@@ -76,8 +73,7 @@
     bool set_progress_properties;
 };
 
-static void update_progress(struct encryptGroupsData* data, int is_used)
-{
+static void update_progress(struct encryptGroupsData* data, int is_used) {
     data->blocks_already_done++;
 
     if (is_used) {
@@ -104,16 +100,14 @@
             LOG(WARNING) << "Error getting time";
         } else {
             double elapsed_time = difftime(time_now.tv_sec, data->time_started);
-            off64_t remaining_blocks = data->tot_used_blocks
-                                       - data->used_blocks_already_done;
-            int remaining_time = (int)(elapsed_time * remaining_blocks
-                                       / data->used_blocks_already_done);
+            off64_t remaining_blocks = data->tot_used_blocks - data->used_blocks_already_done;
+            int remaining_time =
+                (int)(elapsed_time * remaining_blocks / data->used_blocks_already_done);
 
             // Change time only if not yet set, lower, or a lot higher for
             // best user experience
-            if (data->remaining_time == -1
-                || remaining_time < data->remaining_time
-                || remaining_time > data->remaining_time + 60) {
+            if (data->remaining_time == -1 || remaining_time < data->remaining_time ||
+                remaining_time > data->remaining_time + 60) {
                 char buf[8];
                 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d", remaining_time);
                 android::base::SetProperty("vold.encrypt_time_remaining", buf);
@@ -123,8 +117,7 @@
     }
 }
 
-static void log_progress(struct encryptGroupsData const* data, bool completed)
-{
+static void log_progress(struct encryptGroupsData const* data, bool completed) {
     // Precondition - if completed data = 0 else data != 0
 
     // Track progress so we can skip logging blocks
@@ -147,13 +140,12 @@
     }
 }
 
-static int flush_outstanding_data(struct encryptGroupsData* data)
-{
+static int flush_outstanding_data(struct encryptGroupsData* data) {
     if (data->count == 0) {
         return 0;
     }
 
-    LOG(VERBOSE) << "Copying " << data->count << " blocks at offset " << data->offset;
+    LOG(DEBUG) << "Copying " << data->count << " blocks at offset " << data->offset;
 
     if (pread64(data->realfd, data->buffer, info.block_size * data->count, data->offset) <= 0) {
         LOG(ERROR) << "Error reading real_blkdev " << data->real_blkdev << " for inplace encrypt";
@@ -165,30 +157,29 @@
                    << " for inplace encrypt";
         return -1;
     } else {
-      log_progress(data, false);
+        log_progress(data, false);
     }
 
     data->count = 0;
-    data->last_written_sector = (data->offset + data->count)
-                                / info.block_size * CRYPT_SECTOR_SIZE - 1;
+    data->last_written_sector =
+        (data->offset + data->count) / info.block_size * CRYPT_SECTOR_SIZE - 1;
     return 0;
 }
 
-static int encrypt_groups(struct encryptGroupsData* data)
-{
+static int encrypt_groups(struct encryptGroupsData* data) {
     unsigned int i;
-    u8 *block_bitmap = 0;
+    u8* block_bitmap = 0;
     unsigned int block;
     off64_t ret;
     int rc = -1;
 
-    data->buffer = (char*) malloc(info.block_size * BLOCKS_AT_A_TIME);
+    data->buffer = (char*)malloc(info.block_size * BLOCKS_AT_A_TIME);
     if (!data->buffer) {
         LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to allocate crypto buffer";
         goto errout;
     }
 
-    block_bitmap = (u8*) malloc(info.block_size);
+    block_bitmap = (u8*)malloc(info.block_size);
     if (!block_bitmap) {
         LOG(ERROR) << "failed to allocate block bitmap";
         goto errout;
@@ -198,11 +189,9 @@
         LOG(INFO) << "Encrypting group " << i;
 
         u32 first_block = aux_info.first_data_block + i * info.blocks_per_group;
-        u32 block_count = std::min(info.blocks_per_group,
-                             (u32)(aux_info.len_blocks - first_block));
+        u32 block_count = std::min(info.blocks_per_group, (u32)(aux_info.len_blocks - first_block));
 
-        off64_t offset = (u64)info.block_size
-                         * aux_info.bg_desc[i].bg_block_bitmap;
+        off64_t offset = (u64)info.block_size * aux_info.bg_desc[i].bg_block_bitmap;
 
         ret = pread64(data->realfd, block_bitmap, info.block_size, offset);
         if (ret != (int)info.block_size) {
@@ -215,8 +204,9 @@
         data->count = 0;
 
         for (block = 0; block < block_count; block++) {
-            int used = (aux_info.bg_desc[i].bg_flags & EXT4_BG_BLOCK_UNINIT) ?
-                    0 : bitmap_get_bit(block_bitmap, block);
+            int used = (aux_info.bg_desc[i].bg_flags & EXT4_BG_BLOCK_UNINIT)
+                           ? 0
+                           : bitmap_get_bit(block_bitmap, block);
             update_progress(data, used);
             if (used) {
                 if (data->count == 0) {
@@ -232,8 +222,8 @@
             offset += info.block_size;
 
             /* Write data if we are aligned or buffer size reached */
-            if (offset % (info.block_size * BLOCKS_AT_A_TIME) == 0
-                || data->count == BLOCKS_AT_A_TIME) {
+            if (offset % (info.block_size * BLOCKS_AT_A_TIME) == 0 ||
+                data->count == BLOCKS_AT_A_TIME) {
                 if (flush_outstanding_data(data)) {
                     goto errout;
                 }
@@ -260,7 +250,7 @@
                                        bool set_progress_properties) {
     u32 i;
     struct encryptGroupsData data;
-    int rc; // Can't initialize without causing warning -Wclobbered
+    int rc;  // Can't initialize without causing warning -Wclobbered
     int retries = RETRY_MOUNT_ATTEMPTS;
     struct timespec time_started = {0};
 
@@ -275,7 +265,7 @@
     data.set_progress_properties = set_progress_properties;
 
     LOG(DEBUG) << "Opening" << real_blkdev;
-    if ( (data.realfd = open(real_blkdev, O_RDWR|O_CLOEXEC)) < 0) {
+    if ((data.realfd = open(real_blkdev, O_RDWR | O_CLOEXEC)) < 0) {
         PLOG(ERROR) << "Error opening real_blkdev " << real_blkdev << " for inplace encrypt";
         rc = -1;
         goto errout;
@@ -283,7 +273,7 @@
 
     LOG(DEBUG) << "Opening" << crypto_blkdev;
     // Wait until the block device appears.  Re-use the mount retry values since it is reasonable.
-    while ((data.cryptofd = open(crypto_blkdev, O_WRONLY|O_CLOEXEC)) < 0) {
+    while ((data.cryptofd = open(crypto_blkdev, O_WRONLY | O_CLOEXEC)) < 0) {
         if (--retries) {
             PLOG(ERROR) << "Error opening crypto_blkdev " << crypto_blkdev
                         << " for ext4 inplace encrypt, retrying";
@@ -296,7 +286,7 @@
         }
     }
 
-    if (setjmp(setjmp_env)) { // NOLINT
+    if (setjmp(setjmp_env)) {  // NOLINT
         LOG(ERROR) << "Reading ext4 extent caused an exception";
         rc = -1;
         goto errout;
@@ -316,7 +306,7 @@
 
     data.tot_used_blocks = data.numblocks;
     for (i = 0; i < aux_info.groups; ++i) {
-      data.tot_used_blocks -= aux_info.bg_desc[i].bg_free_blocks_count;
+        data.tot_used_blocks -= aux_info.bg_desc[i].bg_free_blocks_count;
     }
 
     data.one_pct = data.tot_used_blocks / 100;
@@ -345,8 +335,7 @@
     return rc;
 }
 
-static void log_progress_f2fs(u64 block, bool completed)
-{
+static void log_progress_f2fs(u64 block, bool completed) {
     // Precondition - if completed data = 0 else data != 0
 
     // Track progress so we can skip logging blocks
@@ -369,9 +358,8 @@
     }
 }
 
-static int encrypt_one_block_f2fs(u64 pos, void *data)
-{
-    struct encryptGroupsData *priv_dat = (struct encryptGroupsData *)data;
+static int encrypt_one_block_f2fs(u64 pos, void* data) {
+    struct encryptGroupsData* priv_dat = (struct encryptGroupsData*)data;
 
     priv_dat->blocks_already_done = pos - 1;
     update_progress(priv_dat, 1);
@@ -400,7 +388,7 @@
                                        off64_t previously_encrypted_upto,
                                        bool set_progress_properties) {
     struct encryptGroupsData data;
-    struct f2fs_info *f2fs_info = NULL;
+    struct f2fs_info* f2fs_info = NULL;
     int rc = ENABLE_INPLACE_ERR_OTHER;
     if (previously_encrypted_upto > *size_already_done) {
         LOG(DEBUG) << "Not fast encrypting since resuming part way through";
@@ -412,11 +400,11 @@
     data.set_progress_properties = set_progress_properties;
     data.realfd = -1;
     data.cryptofd = -1;
-    if ( (data.realfd = open64(real_blkdev, O_RDWR|O_CLOEXEC)) < 0) {
+    if ((data.realfd = open64(real_blkdev, O_RDWR | O_CLOEXEC)) < 0) {
         PLOG(ERROR) << "Error opening real_blkdev " << real_blkdev << " for f2fs inplace encrypt";
         goto errout;
     }
-    if ( (data.cryptofd = open64(crypto_blkdev, O_WRONLY|O_CLOEXEC)) < 0) {
+    if ((data.cryptofd = open64(crypto_blkdev, O_WRONLY | O_CLOEXEC)) < 0) {
         PLOG(ERROR) << "Error opening crypto_blkdev " << crypto_blkdev
                     << " for f2fs inplace encrypt";
         rc = ENABLE_INPLACE_ERR_DEV;
@@ -424,8 +412,7 @@
     }
 
     f2fs_info = generate_f2fs_info(data.realfd);
-    if (!f2fs_info)
-      goto errout;
+    if (!f2fs_info) goto errout;
 
     data.numblocks = size / CRYPT_SECTORS_PER_BUFSIZE;
     data.tot_numblocks = tot_size / CRYPT_SECTORS_PER_BUFSIZE;
@@ -438,7 +425,7 @@
     data.time_started = time(NULL);
     data.remaining_time = -1;
 
-    data.buffer = (char*) malloc(f2fs_info->block_size);
+    data.buffer = (char*)malloc(f2fs_info->block_size);
     if (!data.buffer) {
         LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to allocate crypto buffer";
         goto errout;
@@ -475,18 +462,18 @@
                                        off64_t previously_encrypted_upto,
                                        bool set_progress_properties) {
     int realfd, cryptofd;
-    char *buf[CRYPT_INPLACE_BUFSIZE];
+    char* buf[CRYPT_INPLACE_BUFSIZE];
     int rc = ENABLE_INPLACE_ERR_OTHER;
     off64_t numblocks, i, remainder;
     off64_t one_pct, cur_pct, new_pct;
     off64_t blocks_already_done, tot_numblocks;
 
-    if ( (realfd = open(real_blkdev, O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC)) < 0) {
+    if ((realfd = open(real_blkdev, O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC)) < 0) {
         PLOG(ERROR) << "Error opening real_blkdev " << real_blkdev << " for inplace encrypt";
         return ENABLE_INPLACE_ERR_OTHER;
     }
 
-    if ( (cryptofd = open(crypto_blkdev, O_WRONLY|O_CLOEXEC)) < 0) {
+    if ((cryptofd = open(crypto_blkdev, O_WRONLY | O_CLOEXEC)) < 0) {
         PLOG(ERROR) << "Error opening crypto_blkdev " << crypto_blkdev << " for inplace encrypt";
         close(realfd);
         return ENABLE_INPLACE_ERR_DEV;
@@ -516,7 +503,7 @@
         goto errout;
     }
 
-    for (;i < size && i % CRYPT_SECTORS_PER_BUFSIZE != 0; ++i) {
+    for (; i < size && i % CRYPT_SECTORS_PER_BUFSIZE != 0; ++i) {
         if (unix_read(realfd, buf, CRYPT_SECTOR_SIZE) <= 0) {
             PLOG(ERROR) << "Error reading initial sectors from real_blkdev " << real_blkdev
                         << " for inplace encrypt";
@@ -534,14 +521,14 @@
     one_pct = tot_numblocks / 100;
     cur_pct = 0;
     /* process the majority of the filesystem in blocks */
-    for (i/=CRYPT_SECTORS_PER_BUFSIZE; i<numblocks; i++) {
+    for (i /= CRYPT_SECTORS_PER_BUFSIZE; i < numblocks; i++) {
         new_pct = (i + blocks_already_done) / one_pct;
         if (set_progress_properties && new_pct > cur_pct) {
-            char buf[8];
+            char property_buf[8];
 
             cur_pct = new_pct;
-            snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%" PRId64, cur_pct);
-            android::base::SetProperty("vold.encrypt_progress", buf);
+            snprintf(property_buf, sizeof(property_buf), "%" PRId64, cur_pct);
+            android::base::SetProperty("vold.encrypt_progress", property_buf);
         }
         if (unix_read(realfd, buf, CRYPT_INPLACE_BUFSIZE) <= 0) {
             PLOG(ERROR) << "Error reading real_blkdev " << real_blkdev << " for inplace encrypt";
@@ -557,7 +544,7 @@
     }
 
     /* Do any remaining sectors */
-    for (i=0; i<remainder; i++) {
+    for (i = 0; i < remainder; i++) {
         if (unix_read(realfd, buf, CRYPT_SECTOR_SIZE) <= 0) {
             LOG(ERROR) << "Error reading final sectors from real_blkdev " << real_blkdev
                        << " for inplace encrypt";
@@ -626,9 +613,8 @@
     LOG(DEBUG) << "cryptfs_enable_inplace_full()=" << rc_full;
 
     /* Hack for b/17898962, the following is the symptom... */
-    if (rc_ext4 == ENABLE_INPLACE_ERR_DEV
-        && rc_f2fs == ENABLE_INPLACE_ERR_DEV
-        && rc_full == ENABLE_INPLACE_ERR_DEV) {
+    if (rc_ext4 == ENABLE_INPLACE_ERR_DEV && rc_f2fs == ENABLE_INPLACE_ERR_DEV &&
+        rc_full == ENABLE_INPLACE_ERR_DEV) {
         LOG(DEBUG) << "ENABLE_INPLACE_ERR_DEV";
         return ENABLE_INPLACE_ERR_DEV;
     }
diff --git a/FileDeviceUtils.cpp b/FileDeviceUtils.cpp
index bc9f4bd..c745b54 100644
--- a/FileDeviceUtils.cpp
+++ b/FileDeviceUtils.cpp
@@ -16,15 +16,15 @@
 
 #include "FileDeviceUtils.h"
 
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <linux/fiemap.h>
+#include <linux/fs.h>
+#include <mntent.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
-#include <errno.h>
-#include <sys/types.h>
 #include <sys/stat.h>
-#include <fcntl.h>
-#include <linux/fs.h>
-#include <linux/fiemap.h>
-#include <mntent.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
 
 #include <android-base/file.h>
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
@@ -40,38 +40,32 @@
 namespace vold {
 
 // Given a file path, look for the corresponding block device in /proc/mount
-std::string BlockDeviceForPath(const std::string &path)
-{
-    std::unique_ptr<FILE, int(*)(FILE*)> mnts(setmntent("/proc/mounts", "re"), endmntent);
+std::string BlockDeviceForPath(const std::string& path) {
+    std::unique_ptr<FILE, int (*)(FILE*)> mnts(setmntent("/proc/mounts", "re"), endmntent);
     if (!mnts) {
         PLOG(ERROR) << "Unable to open /proc/mounts";
         return "";
     }
     std::string result;
     size_t best_length = 0;
-    struct mntent *mnt; // getmntent returns a thread local, so it's safe.
+    struct mntent* mnt;  // getmntent returns a thread local, so it's safe.
     while ((mnt = getmntent(mnts.get())) != nullptr) {
         auto l = strlen(mnt->mnt_dir);
-        if (l > best_length &&
-            path.size() > l &&
-            path[l] == '/' &&
+        if (l > best_length && path.size() > l && path[l] == '/' &&
             path.compare(0, l, mnt->mnt_dir) == 0) {
-                result = mnt->mnt_fsname;
-                best_length = l;
+            result = mnt->mnt_fsname;
+            best_length = l;
         }
     }
     if (result.empty()) {
-        LOG(ERROR) <<"Didn't find a mountpoint to match path " << path;
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Didn't find a mountpoint to match path " << path;
         return "";
     }
-    LOG(DEBUG) << "For path " << path << " block device is " << result;
     return result;
 }
 
-std::unique_ptr<struct fiemap> PathFiemap(const std::string &path, uint32_t extent_count)
-{
-    android::base::unique_fd fd(TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(open(
-        path.c_str(), O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC, 0)));
+std::unique_ptr<struct fiemap> PathFiemap(const std::string& path, uint32_t extent_count) {
+    android::base::unique_fd fd(TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(open(path.c_str(), O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC, 0)));
     if (fd == -1) {
         if (errno == ENOENT) {
             PLOG(DEBUG) << "Unable to open " << path;
@@ -88,7 +82,7 @@
     auto mapped = fiemap->fm_mapped_extents;
     if (mapped < 1 || mapped > extent_count) {
         LOG(ERROR) << "Extent count not in bounds 1 <= " << mapped << " <= " << extent_count
-            << " in " << path;
+                   << " in " << path;
         return nullptr;
     }
     return fiemap;
@@ -99,10 +93,9 @@
 
 namespace {
 
-std::unique_ptr<struct fiemap> alloc_fiemap(uint32_t extent_count)
-{
+std::unique_ptr<struct fiemap> alloc_fiemap(uint32_t extent_count) {
     size_t allocsize = offsetof(struct fiemap, fm_extents[extent_count]);
-    std::unique_ptr<struct fiemap> res(new (::operator new (allocsize)) struct fiemap);
+    std::unique_ptr<struct fiemap> res(new (::operator new(allocsize)) struct fiemap);
     memset(res.get(), 0, allocsize);
     res->fm_start = 0;
     res->fm_length = UINT64_MAX;
@@ -112,4 +105,4 @@
     return res;
 }
 
-}
+}  // namespace
diff --git a/FileDeviceUtils.h b/FileDeviceUtils.h
index 4c1d49a..4428cef 100644
--- a/FileDeviceUtils.h
+++ b/FileDeviceUtils.h
@@ -17,17 +17,17 @@
 #ifndef ANDROID_VOLD_FILEDEVICEUTILS_H
 #define ANDROID_VOLD_FILEDEVICEUTILS_H
 
-#include <string>
 #include <linux/fiemap.h>
+#include <string>
 
 namespace android {
 namespace vold {
 
 // Given a file path, look for the corresponding block device in /proc/mount
-std::string BlockDeviceForPath(const std::string &path);
+std::string BlockDeviceForPath(const std::string& path);
 
 // Read the file's FIEMAP
-std::unique_ptr<struct fiemap> PathFiemap(const std::string &path, uint32_t extent_count);
+std::unique_ptr<struct fiemap> PathFiemap(const std::string& path, uint32_t extent_count);
 
 }  // namespace vold
 }  // namespace android
diff --git a/Ext4Crypt.cpp b/FsCrypt.cpp
similarity index 87%
rename from Ext4Crypt.cpp
rename to FsCrypt.cpp
index 68439c0..b7d3928 100644
--- a/Ext4Crypt.cpp
+++ b/FsCrypt.cpp
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#include "Ext4Crypt.h"
+#include "FsCrypt.h"
 
 #include "KeyStorage.h"
 #include "KeyUtil.h"
@@ -31,12 +31,12 @@
 #include <dirent.h>
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <fcntl.h>
-#include <unistd.h>
 #include <limits.h>
 #include <selinux/android.h>
 #include <sys/mount.h>
 #include <sys/stat.h>
 #include <sys/types.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
 
 #include <private/android_filesystem_config.h>
 
@@ -50,18 +50,20 @@
 #include <cutils/fs.h>
 #include <cutils/properties.h>
 
-#include <ext4_utils/ext4_crypt.h>
+#include <fscrypt/fscrypt.h>
 #include <keyutils.h>
 
 #include <android-base/file.h>
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 #include <android-base/properties.h>
 #include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
+#include <android-base/unique_fd.h>
 
 using android::base::StringPrintf;
-using android::base::WriteStringToFile;
+using android::fs_mgr::GetEntryForMountPoint;
 using android::vold::kEmptyAuthentication;
 using android::vold::KeyBuffer;
+using android::vold::writeStringToFile;
 
 namespace {
 
@@ -71,7 +73,7 @@
     std::string key_raw_ref;
 };
 
-const std::string device_key_dir = std::string() + DATA_MNT_POINT + e4crypt_unencrypted_folder;
+const std::string device_key_dir = std::string() + DATA_MNT_POINT + fscrypt_unencrypted_folder;
 const std::string device_key_path = device_key_dir + "/key";
 const std::string device_key_temp = device_key_dir + "/temp";
 
@@ -93,9 +95,9 @@
 // TODO abolish this map, per b/26948053
 std::map<userid_t, KeyBuffer> s_ce_keys;
 
-}
+}  // namespace
 
-static bool e4crypt_is_emulated() {
+static bool fscrypt_is_emulated() {
     return property_get_bool("persist.sys.emulate_fbe", false);
 }
 
@@ -145,8 +147,7 @@
 }
 
 static bool get_ce_key_new_path(const std::string& directory_path,
-                                const std::vector<std::string>& paths,
-                                std::string *ce_key_path) {
+                                const std::vector<std::string>& paths, std::string* ce_key_path) {
     if (paths.empty()) {
         *ce_key_path = get_ce_key_current_path(directory_path);
         return true;
@@ -163,9 +164,9 @@
 
 // Discard all keys but the named one; rename it to canonical name.
 // No point in acting on errors in this; ignore them.
-static void fixate_user_ce_key(const std::string& directory_path, const std::string &to_fix,
+static void fixate_user_ce_key(const std::string& directory_path, const std::string& to_fix,
                                const std::vector<std::string>& paths) {
-    for (auto const other_path: paths) {
+    for (auto const other_path : paths) {
         if (other_path != to_fix) {
             android::vold::destroyKey(other_path);
         }
@@ -175,6 +176,7 @@
         LOG(DEBUG) << "Renaming " << to_fix << " to " << current_path;
         if (rename(to_fix.c_str(), current_path.c_str()) != 0) {
             PLOG(WARNING) << "Unable to rename " << to_fix << " to " << current_path;
+            return;
         }
     }
     android::vold::FsyncDirectory(directory_path);
@@ -182,10 +184,10 @@
 
 static bool read_and_fixate_user_ce_key(userid_t user_id,
                                         const android::vold::KeyAuthentication& auth,
-                                        KeyBuffer *ce_key) {
+                                        KeyBuffer* ce_key) {
     auto const directory_path = get_ce_key_directory_path(user_id);
     auto const paths = get_ce_key_paths(directory_path);
-    for (auto const ce_key_path: paths) {
+    for (auto const ce_key_path : paths) {
         LOG(DEBUG) << "Trying user CE key " << ce_key_path;
         if (android::vold::retrieveKey(ce_key_path, auth, ce_key)) {
             LOG(DEBUG) << "Successfully retrieved key";
@@ -243,12 +245,14 @@
         auto const paths = get_ce_key_paths(directory_path);
         std::string ce_key_path;
         if (!get_ce_key_new_path(directory_path, paths, &ce_key_path)) return false;
-        if (!android::vold::storeKeyAtomically(ce_key_path, user_key_temp,
-                kEmptyAuthentication, ce_key)) return false;
+        if (!android::vold::storeKeyAtomically(ce_key_path, user_key_temp, kEmptyAuthentication,
+                                               ce_key))
+            return false;
         fixate_user_ce_key(directory_path, ce_key_path, paths);
         // Write DE key second; once this is written, all is good.
         if (!android::vold::storeKeyAtomically(get_de_key_path(user_id), user_key_temp,
-                kEmptyAuthentication, de_key)) return false;
+                                               kEmptyAuthentication, de_key))
+            return false;
     }
     std::string de_raw_ref;
     if (!android::vold::installKey(de_key, &de_raw_ref)) return false;
@@ -265,7 +269,7 @@
                            std::string* raw_ref) {
     auto refi = key_map.find(user_id);
     if (refi == key_map.end()) {
-        LOG(ERROR) << "Cannot find key for " << user_id;
+        LOG(DEBUG) << "Cannot find key for " << user_id;
         return false;
     }
     *raw_ref = refi->second;
@@ -273,16 +277,16 @@
 }
 
 static void get_data_file_encryption_modes(PolicyKeyRef* key_ref) {
-    struct fstab_rec* rec = fs_mgr_get_entry_for_mount_point(fstab_default, DATA_MNT_POINT);
-    char const* contents_mode;
-    char const* filenames_mode;
-    fs_mgr_get_file_encryption_modes(rec, &contents_mode, &filenames_mode);
-    key_ref->contents_mode = contents_mode;
-    key_ref->filenames_mode = filenames_mode;
+    auto entry = GetEntryForMountPoint(&fstab_default, DATA_MNT_POINT);
+    if (entry == nullptr) {
+        return;
+    }
+    key_ref->contents_mode = entry->file_contents_mode;
+    key_ref->filenames_mode = entry->file_names_mode;
 }
 
 static bool ensure_policy(const PolicyKeyRef& key_ref, const std::string& path) {
-    return e4crypt_policy_ensure(path.c_str(), key_ref.key_raw_ref.data(),
+    return fscrypt_policy_ensure(path.c_str(), key_ref.key_raw_ref.data(),
                                  key_ref.key_raw_ref.size(), key_ref.contents_mode.c_str(),
                                  key_ref.filenames_mode.c_str()) == 0;
 }
@@ -326,13 +330,13 @@
             LOG(DEBUG) << "Installed de key for user " << user_id;
         }
     }
-    // ext4enc:TODO: go through all DE directories, ensure that all user dirs have the
+    // fscrypt:TODO: go through all DE directories, ensure that all user dirs have the
     // correct policy set on them, and that no rogue ones exist.
     return true;
 }
 
-bool e4crypt_initialize_global_de() {
-    LOG(INFO) << "e4crypt_initialize_global_de";
+bool fscrypt_initialize_global_de() {
+    LOG(INFO) << "fscrypt_initialize_global_de";
 
     if (s_global_de_initialized) {
         LOG(INFO) << "Already initialized";
@@ -346,26 +350,22 @@
     get_data_file_encryption_modes(&device_ref);
 
     std::string modestring = device_ref.contents_mode + ":" + device_ref.filenames_mode;
-    std::string mode_filename = std::string("/data") + e4crypt_key_mode;
-    if (!android::base::WriteStringToFile(modestring, mode_filename)) {
-        PLOG(ERROR) << "Cannot save type";
-        return false;
-    }
+    std::string mode_filename = std::string("/data") + fscrypt_key_mode;
+    if (!android::vold::writeStringToFile(modestring, mode_filename)) return false;
 
-    std::string ref_filename = std::string("/data") + e4crypt_key_ref;
-    if (!android::base::WriteStringToFile(device_ref.key_raw_ref, ref_filename)) {
-        PLOG(ERROR) << "Cannot save key reference to:" << ref_filename;
-        return false;
-    }
+    std::string ref_filename = std::string("/data") + fscrypt_key_ref;
+    if (!android::vold::writeStringToFile(device_ref.key_raw_ref, ref_filename)) return false;
+
     LOG(INFO) << "Wrote system DE key reference to:" << ref_filename;
 
+    if (!android::vold::FsyncDirectory(device_key_dir)) return false;
     s_global_de_initialized = true;
     return true;
 }
 
-bool e4crypt_init_user0() {
-    LOG(DEBUG) << "e4crypt_init_user0";
-    if (e4crypt_is_native()) {
+bool fscrypt_init_user0() {
+    LOG(DEBUG) << "fscrypt_init_user0";
+    if (fscrypt_is_native()) {
         if (!prepare_dir(user_key_dir, 0700, AID_ROOT, AID_ROOT)) return false;
         if (!prepare_dir(user_key_dir + "/ce", 0700, AID_ROOT, AID_ROOT)) return false;
         if (!prepare_dir(user_key_dir + "/de", 0700, AID_ROOT, AID_ROOT)) return false;
@@ -379,28 +379,28 @@
     // We can only safely prepare DE storage here, since CE keys are probably
     // entangled with user credentials.  The framework will always prepare CE
     // storage once CE keys are installed.
-    if (!e4crypt_prepare_user_storage("", 0, 0, android::os::IVold::STORAGE_FLAG_DE)) {
+    if (!fscrypt_prepare_user_storage("", 0, 0, android::os::IVold::STORAGE_FLAG_DE)) {
         LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to prepare user 0 storage";
         return false;
     }
 
     // If this is a non-FBE device that recently left an emulated mode,
     // restore user data directories to known-good state.
-    if (!e4crypt_is_native() && !e4crypt_is_emulated()) {
-        e4crypt_unlock_user_key(0, 0, "!", "!");
+    if (!fscrypt_is_native() && !fscrypt_is_emulated()) {
+        fscrypt_unlock_user_key(0, 0, "!", "!");
     }
 
     return true;
 }
 
-bool e4crypt_vold_create_user_key(userid_t user_id, int serial, bool ephemeral) {
-    LOG(DEBUG) << "e4crypt_vold_create_user_key for " << user_id << " serial " << serial;
-    if (!e4crypt_is_native()) {
+bool fscrypt_vold_create_user_key(userid_t user_id, int serial, bool ephemeral) {
+    LOG(DEBUG) << "fscrypt_vold_create_user_key for " << user_id << " serial " << serial;
+    if (!fscrypt_is_native()) {
         return true;
     }
     // FIXME test for existence of key that is not loaded yet
     if (s_ce_key_raw_refs.count(user_id) != 0) {
-        LOG(ERROR) << "Already exists, can't e4crypt_vold_create_user_key for " << user_id
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Already exists, can't fscrypt_vold_create_user_key for " << user_id
                    << " serial " << serial;
         // FIXME should we fail the command?
         return true;
@@ -415,7 +415,7 @@
     // Clean any dirty pages (otherwise they won't be dropped).
     sync();
     // Drop inode and page caches.
-    if (!WriteStringToFile("3", "/proc/sys/vm/drop_caches")) {
+    if (!writeStringToFile("3", "/proc/sys/vm/drop_caches")) {
         PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to drop caches during key eviction";
     }
 }
@@ -433,22 +433,22 @@
     return success;
 }
 
-bool e4crypt_destroy_user_key(userid_t user_id) {
-    LOG(DEBUG) << "e4crypt_destroy_user_key(" << user_id << ")";
-    if (!e4crypt_is_native()) {
+bool fscrypt_destroy_user_key(userid_t user_id) {
+    LOG(DEBUG) << "fscrypt_destroy_user_key(" << user_id << ")";
+    if (!fscrypt_is_native()) {
         return true;
     }
     bool success = true;
     std::string raw_ref;
     success &= evict_ce_key(user_id);
-    success &= lookup_key_ref(s_de_key_raw_refs, user_id, &raw_ref)
-        && android::vold::evictKey(raw_ref);
+    success &=
+        lookup_key_ref(s_de_key_raw_refs, user_id, &raw_ref) && android::vold::evictKey(raw_ref);
     s_de_key_raw_refs.erase(user_id);
     auto it = s_ephemeral_users.find(user_id);
     if (it != s_ephemeral_users.end()) {
         s_ephemeral_users.erase(it);
     } else {
-        for (auto const path: get_ce_key_paths(get_ce_key_directory_path(user_id))) {
+        for (auto const path : get_ce_key_paths(get_ce_key_directory_path(user_id))) {
             success &= android::vold::destroyKey(path);
         }
         auto de_key_path = get_de_key_path(user_id);
@@ -479,13 +479,13 @@
     if (chmod(path.c_str(), mode) != 0) {
         PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to chmod " << path;
         // FIXME temporary workaround for b/26713622
-        if (e4crypt_is_emulated()) return false;
+        if (fscrypt_is_emulated()) return false;
     }
 #if EMULATED_USES_SELINUX
     if (selinux_android_restorecon(path.c_str(), SELINUX_ANDROID_RESTORECON_FORCE) != 0) {
         PLOG(WARNING) << "Failed to restorecon " << path;
         // FIXME temporary workaround for b/26713622
-        if (e4crypt_is_emulated()) return false;
+        if (fscrypt_is_emulated()) return false;
     }
 #endif
     return true;
@@ -548,23 +548,23 @@
     return android::vold::destroyKey(path);
 }
 
-bool e4crypt_add_user_key_auth(userid_t user_id, int serial, const std::string& token_hex,
+bool fscrypt_add_user_key_auth(userid_t user_id, int serial, const std::string& token_hex,
                                const std::string& secret_hex) {
-    LOG(DEBUG) << "e4crypt_add_user_key_auth " << user_id << " serial=" << serial
+    LOG(DEBUG) << "fscrypt_add_user_key_auth " << user_id << " serial=" << serial
                << " token_present=" << (token_hex != "!");
-    if (!e4crypt_is_native()) return true;
+    if (!fscrypt_is_native()) return true;
     if (s_ephemeral_users.count(user_id) != 0) return true;
     std::string token, secret;
     if (!parse_hex(token_hex, &token)) return false;
     if (!parse_hex(secret_hex, &secret)) return false;
-    auto auth = secret.empty() ? kEmptyAuthentication
-                                   : android::vold::KeyAuthentication(token, secret);
+    auto auth =
+        secret.empty() ? kEmptyAuthentication : android::vold::KeyAuthentication(token, secret);
     auto it = s_ce_keys.find(user_id);
     if (it == s_ce_keys.end()) {
         LOG(ERROR) << "Key not loaded into memory, can't change for user " << user_id;
         return false;
     }
-    const auto &ce_key = it->second;
+    const auto& ce_key = it->second;
     auto const directory_path = get_ce_key_directory_path(user_id);
     auto const paths = get_ce_key_paths(directory_path);
     std::string ce_key_path;
@@ -574,9 +574,9 @@
     return true;
 }
 
-bool e4crypt_fixate_newest_user_key_auth(userid_t user_id) {
-    LOG(DEBUG) << "e4crypt_fixate_newest_user_key_auth " << user_id;
-    if (!e4crypt_is_native()) return true;
+bool fscrypt_fixate_newest_user_key_auth(userid_t user_id) {
+    LOG(DEBUG) << "fscrypt_fixate_newest_user_key_auth " << user_id;
+    if (!fscrypt_is_native()) return true;
     if (s_ephemeral_users.count(user_id) != 0) return true;
     auto const directory_path = get_ce_key_directory_path(user_id);
     auto const paths = get_ce_key_paths(directory_path);
@@ -589,11 +589,11 @@
 }
 
 // TODO: rename to 'install' for consistency, and take flags to know which keys to install
-bool e4crypt_unlock_user_key(userid_t user_id, int serial, const std::string& token_hex,
+bool fscrypt_unlock_user_key(userid_t user_id, int serial, const std::string& token_hex,
                              const std::string& secret_hex) {
-    LOG(DEBUG) << "e4crypt_unlock_user_key " << user_id << " serial=" << serial
+    LOG(DEBUG) << "fscrypt_unlock_user_key " << user_id << " serial=" << serial
                << " token_present=" << (token_hex != "!");
-    if (e4crypt_is_native()) {
+    if (fscrypt_is_native()) {
         if (s_ce_key_raw_refs.count(user_id) != 0) {
             LOG(WARNING) << "Tried to unlock already-unlocked key for user " << user_id;
             return true;
@@ -622,11 +622,11 @@
 }
 
 // TODO: rename to 'evict' for consistency
-bool e4crypt_lock_user_key(userid_t user_id) {
-    LOG(DEBUG) << "e4crypt_lock_user_key " << user_id;
-    if (e4crypt_is_native()) {
+bool fscrypt_lock_user_key(userid_t user_id) {
+    LOG(DEBUG) << "fscrypt_lock_user_key " << user_id;
+    if (fscrypt_is_native()) {
         return evict_ce_key(user_id);
-    } else if (e4crypt_is_emulated()) {
+    } else if (fscrypt_is_emulated()) {
         // When in emulation mode, we just use chmod
         if (!emulated_lock(android::vold::BuildDataSystemCePath(user_id)) ||
             !emulated_lock(android::vold::BuildDataMiscCePath(user_id)) ||
@@ -651,9 +651,9 @@
     return true;
 }
 
-bool e4crypt_prepare_user_storage(const std::string& volume_uuid, userid_t user_id, int serial,
+bool fscrypt_prepare_user_storage(const std::string& volume_uuid, userid_t user_id, int serial,
                                   int flags) {
-    LOG(DEBUG) << "e4crypt_prepare_user_storage for volume " << escape_empty(volume_uuid)
+    LOG(DEBUG) << "fscrypt_prepare_user_storage for volume " << escape_empty(volume_uuid)
                << ", user " << user_id << ", serial " << serial << ", flags " << flags;
 
     if (flags & android::os::IVold::STORAGE_FLAG_DE) {
@@ -672,7 +672,8 @@
             if (!prepare_dir(system_legacy_path, 0700, AID_SYSTEM, AID_SYSTEM)) return false;
 #if MANAGE_MISC_DIRS
             if (!prepare_dir(misc_legacy_path, 0750, multiuser_get_uid(user_id, AID_SYSTEM),
-                    multiuser_get_uid(user_id, AID_EVERYBODY))) return false;
+                             multiuser_get_uid(user_id, AID_EVERYBODY)))
+                return false;
 #endif
             if (!prepare_dir(profiles_de_path, 0771, AID_SYSTEM, AID_SYSTEM)) return false;
 
@@ -682,7 +683,7 @@
         }
         if (!prepare_dir(user_de_path, 0771, AID_SYSTEM, AID_SYSTEM)) return false;
 
-        if (e4crypt_is_native()) {
+        if (fscrypt_is_native()) {
             PolicyKeyRef de_ref;
             if (volume_uuid.empty()) {
                 if (!lookup_key_ref(s_de_key_raw_refs, user_id, &de_ref.key_raw_ref)) return false;
@@ -713,7 +714,7 @@
         if (!prepare_dir(media_ce_path, 0770, AID_MEDIA_RW, AID_MEDIA_RW)) return false;
         if (!prepare_dir(user_ce_path, 0771, AID_SYSTEM, AID_SYSTEM)) return false;
 
-        if (e4crypt_is_native()) {
+        if (fscrypt_is_native()) {
             PolicyKeyRef ce_ref;
             if (volume_uuid.empty()) {
                 if (!lookup_key_ref(s_ce_key_raw_refs, user_id, &ce_ref.key_raw_ref)) return false;
@@ -742,8 +743,8 @@
     return true;
 }
 
-bool e4crypt_destroy_user_storage(const std::string& volume_uuid, userid_t user_id, int flags) {
-    LOG(DEBUG) << "e4crypt_destroy_user_storage for volume " << escape_empty(volume_uuid)
+bool fscrypt_destroy_user_storage(const std::string& volume_uuid, userid_t user_id, int flags) {
+    LOG(DEBUG) << "fscrypt_destroy_user_storage for volume " << escape_empty(volume_uuid)
                << ", user " << user_id << ", flags " << flags;
     bool res = true;
 
@@ -764,7 +765,7 @@
             res &= destroy_dir(misc_ce_path);
             res &= destroy_dir(vendor_ce_path);
         } else {
-            if (e4crypt_is_native()) {
+            if (fscrypt_is_native()) {
                 res &= destroy_volkey(misc_ce_path, volume_uuid);
             }
         }
@@ -793,7 +794,7 @@
             res &= destroy_dir(misc_de_path);
             res &= destroy_dir(vendor_de_path);
         } else {
-            if (e4crypt_is_native()) {
+            if (fscrypt_is_native()) {
                 res &= destroy_volkey(misc_de_path, volume_uuid);
             }
         }
@@ -828,9 +829,9 @@
     return res;
 }
 
-bool e4crypt_destroy_volume_keys(const std::string& volume_uuid) {
+bool fscrypt_destroy_volume_keys(const std::string& volume_uuid) {
     bool res = true;
-    LOG(DEBUG) << "e4crypt_destroy_volume_keys for volume " << escape_empty(volume_uuid);
+    LOG(DEBUG) << "fscrypt_destroy_volume_keys for volume " << escape_empty(volume_uuid);
     auto secdiscardable_path = volume_secdiscardable_path(volume_uuid);
     res &= android::vold::runSecdiscardSingle(secdiscardable_path);
     res &= destroy_volume_keys("/data/misc_ce", volume_uuid);
diff --git a/Ext4Crypt.h b/FsCrypt.h
similarity index 61%
rename from Ext4Crypt.h
rename to FsCrypt.h
index a43a68a..16e2f9a 100644
--- a/Ext4Crypt.h
+++ b/FsCrypt.h
@@ -18,21 +18,21 @@
 
 #include <cutils/multiuser.h>
 
-bool e4crypt_initialize_global_de();
+bool fscrypt_initialize_global_de();
 
-bool e4crypt_init_user0();
-bool e4crypt_vold_create_user_key(userid_t user_id, int serial, bool ephemeral);
-bool e4crypt_destroy_user_key(userid_t user_id);
-bool e4crypt_add_user_key_auth(userid_t user_id, int serial, const std::string& token,
+bool fscrypt_init_user0();
+bool fscrypt_vold_create_user_key(userid_t user_id, int serial, bool ephemeral);
+bool fscrypt_destroy_user_key(userid_t user_id);
+bool fscrypt_add_user_key_auth(userid_t user_id, int serial, const std::string& token,
                                const std::string& secret);
-bool e4crypt_fixate_newest_user_key_auth(userid_t user_id);
+bool fscrypt_fixate_newest_user_key_auth(userid_t user_id);
 
-bool e4crypt_unlock_user_key(userid_t user_id, int serial, const std::string& token,
+bool fscrypt_unlock_user_key(userid_t user_id, int serial, const std::string& token,
                              const std::string& secret);
-bool e4crypt_lock_user_key(userid_t user_id);
+bool fscrypt_lock_user_key(userid_t user_id);
 
-bool e4crypt_prepare_user_storage(const std::string& volume_uuid, userid_t user_id, int serial,
+bool fscrypt_prepare_user_storage(const std::string& volume_uuid, userid_t user_id, int serial,
                                   int flags);
-bool e4crypt_destroy_user_storage(const std::string& volume_uuid, userid_t user_id, int flags);
+bool fscrypt_destroy_user_storage(const std::string& volume_uuid, userid_t user_id, int flags);
 
-bool e4crypt_destroy_volume_keys(const std::string& volume_uuid);
+bool fscrypt_destroy_volume_keys(const std::string& volume_uuid);
diff --git a/IdleMaint.cpp b/IdleMaint.cpp
index 5a19b8c..bca22f6 100644
--- a/IdleMaint.cpp
+++ b/IdleMaint.cpp
@@ -24,18 +24,20 @@
 
 #include <android-base/chrono_utils.h>
 #include <android-base/file.h>
-#include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
+#include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
+#include <android-base/strings.h>
+#include <android/hardware/health/storage/1.0/IStorage.h>
 #include <fs_mgr.h>
-#include <private/android_filesystem_config.h>
 #include <hardware_legacy/power.h>
+#include <private/android_filesystem_config.h>
 
 #include <dirent.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
 #include <sys/mount.h>
 #include <sys/stat.h>
 #include <sys/types.h>
 #include <sys/wait.h>
-#include <fcntl.h>
 
 using android::base::Basename;
 using android::base::ReadFileToString;
@@ -43,6 +45,13 @@
 using android::base::StringPrintf;
 using android::base::Timer;
 using android::base::WriteStringToFile;
+using android::fs_mgr::Fstab;
+using android::fs_mgr::ReadDefaultFstab;
+using android::hardware::Return;
+using android::hardware::Void;
+using android::hardware::health::storage::V1_0::IStorage;
+using android::hardware::health::storage::V1_0::IGarbageCollectCallback;
+using android::hardware::health::storage::V1_0::Result;
 
 namespace android {
 namespace vold {
@@ -73,8 +82,7 @@
 static std::condition_variable cv_abort, cv_stop;
 static std::mutex cv_m;
 
-static void addFromVolumeManager(std::list<std::string>* paths,
-                                 PathTypes path_type) {
+static void addFromVolumeManager(std::list<std::string>* paths, PathTypes path_type) {
     VolumeManager* vm = VolumeManager::Instance();
     std::list<std::string> privateIds;
     vm->listVolumes(VolumeBase::Type::kPrivate, privateIds);
@@ -88,57 +96,51 @@
                 const std::string& fs_type = vol->getFsType();
                 if (fs_type == "f2fs" && (Realpath(vol->getRawDmDevPath(), &gc_path) ||
                                           Realpath(vol->getRawDevPath(), &gc_path))) {
-                    paths->push_back(std::string("/sys/fs/") + fs_type +
-                                     "/" + Basename(gc_path));
+                    paths->push_back(std::string("/sys/fs/") + fs_type + "/" + Basename(gc_path));
                 }
             }
-
         }
     }
 }
 
 static void addFromFstab(std::list<std::string>* paths, PathTypes path_type) {
-    std::unique_ptr<fstab, decltype(&fs_mgr_free_fstab)> fstab(fs_mgr_read_fstab_default(),
-                                                               fs_mgr_free_fstab);
-    struct fstab_rec *prev_rec = NULL;
+    Fstab fstab;
+    ReadDefaultFstab(&fstab);
 
-    for (int i = 0; i < fstab->num_entries; i++) {
-        auto fs_type = std::string(fstab->recs[i].fs_type);
-        /* Skip raw partitions */
-        if (fs_type == "emmc" || fs_type == "mtd") {
+    std::string previous_mount_point;
+    for (const auto& entry : fstab) {
+        // Skip raw partitions.
+        if (entry.fs_type == "emmc" || entry.fs_type == "mtd") {
             continue;
         }
-        /* Skip read-only filesystems */
-        if (fstab->recs[i].flags & MS_RDONLY) {
+        // Skip read-only filesystems
+        if (entry.flags & MS_RDONLY) {
             continue;
         }
-        if (fs_mgr_is_voldmanaged(&fstab->recs[i])) {
-            continue; /* Should we trim fat32 filesystems? */
+        if (entry.fs_mgr_flags.vold_managed) {
+            continue;  // Should we trim fat32 filesystems?
         }
-        if (fs_mgr_is_notrim(&fstab->recs[i])) {
+        if (entry.fs_mgr_flags.no_trim) {
             continue;
         }
 
-        /* Skip the multi-type partitions, which are required to be following each other.
-         * See fs_mgr.c's mount_with_alternatives().
-         */
-        if (prev_rec && !strcmp(prev_rec->mount_point, fstab->recs[i].mount_point)) {
+        // Skip the multi-type partitions, which are required to be following each other.
+        // See fs_mgr.c's mount_with_alternatives().
+        if (entry.mount_point == previous_mount_point) {
             continue;
         }
 
         if (path_type == PathTypes::kMountPoint) {
-            paths->push_back(fstab->recs[i].mount_point);
+            paths->push_back(entry.mount_point);
         } else if (path_type == PathTypes::kBlkDevice) {
             std::string gc_path;
-            if (std::string(fstab->recs[i].fs_type) == "f2fs" &&
-                Realpath(android::vold::BlockDeviceForPath(
-                    std::string(fstab->recs[i].mount_point) + "/"), &gc_path)) {
-                paths->push_back(std::string("/sys/fs/") + fstab->recs[i].fs_type +
-                                 "/" + Basename(gc_path));
+            if (entry.fs_type == "f2fs" &&
+                Realpath(android::vold::BlockDeviceForPath(entry.mount_point + "/"), &gc_path)) {
+                paths->push_back("/sys/fs/" + entry.fs_type + "/" + Basename(gc_path));
             }
         }
 
-        prev_rec = &fstab->recs[i];
+        previous_mount_point = entry.mount_point;
     }
 }
 
@@ -177,8 +179,8 @@
             }
         } else {
             nsecs_t time = systemTime(SYSTEM_TIME_BOOTTIME) - start;
-            LOG(INFO) << "Trimmed " << range.len << " bytes on " << path
-                    << " in " << nanoseconds_to_milliseconds(time) << "ms";
+            LOG(INFO) << "Trimmed " << range.len << " bytes on " << path << " in "
+                      << nanoseconds_to_milliseconds(time) << "ms";
             extras.putLong(String16("bytes"), range.len);
             extras.putLong(String16("time"), time);
             if (listener) {
@@ -223,8 +225,8 @@
         }
 
         lk.lock();
-        aborted = cv_abort.wait_for(lk, 10s, []{
-            return idle_maint_stat == IdleMaintStats::kAbort;});
+        aborted =
+            cv_abort.wait_for(lk, 10s, [] { return idle_maint_stat == IdleMaintStats::kAbort; });
         lk.unlock();
     }
 
@@ -234,9 +236,6 @@
 static int startGc(const std::list<std::string>& paths) {
     for (const auto& path : paths) {
         LOG(DEBUG) << "Start GC on " << path;
-        if (!WriteStringToFile("1", path + "/discard_granularity")) {
-            PLOG(WARNING) << "Set discard gralunarity failed on" << path;
-        }
         if (!WriteStringToFile("1", path + "/gc_urgent")) {
             PLOG(WARNING) << "Start GC failed on " << path;
         }
@@ -250,30 +249,26 @@
         if (!WriteStringToFile("0", path + "/gc_urgent")) {
             PLOG(WARNING) << "Stop GC failed on " << path;
         }
-        if (!WriteStringToFile("16", path + "/discard_granularity")) {
-            PLOG(WARNING) << "Set discard gralunarity failed on" << path;
-        }
     }
     return android::OK;
 }
 
-static void runDevGc(void) {
-    std::unique_ptr<fstab, decltype(&fs_mgr_free_fstab)> fstab(fs_mgr_read_fstab_default(),
-                                                               fs_mgr_free_fstab);
-    struct fstab_rec *rec = NULL;
+static void runDevGcFstab(void) {
+    Fstab fstab;
+    ReadDefaultFstab(&fstab);
 
-    for (int i = 0; i < fstab->num_entries; i++) {
-        if (fs_mgr_has_sysfs_path(&fstab->recs[i])) {
-            rec = &fstab->recs[i];
+    std::string path;
+    for (const auto& entry : fstab) {
+        if (!entry.sysfs_path.empty()) {
+            path = entry.sysfs_path;
             break;
         }
     }
-    if (!rec) {
+
+    if (path.empty()) {
         return;
     }
 
-    std::string path;
-    path.append(rec->sysfs_path);
     path = path + "/manual_gc";
     Timer timer;
 
@@ -284,7 +279,7 @@
             PLOG(WARNING) << "Reading manual_gc failed in " << path;
             break;
         }
-
+        require = android::base::Trim(require);
         if (require == "" || require == "off" || require == "disabled") {
             LOG(DEBUG) << "No more to do Dev GC";
             break;
@@ -309,6 +304,57 @@
     return;
 }
 
+class GcCallback : public IGarbageCollectCallback {
+  public:
+    Return<void> onFinish(Result result) override {
+        std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mMutex);
+        mFinished = true;
+        mResult = result;
+        lock.unlock();
+        mCv.notify_all();
+        return Void();
+    }
+    void wait(uint64_t seconds) {
+        std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mMutex);
+        mCv.wait_for(lock, std::chrono::seconds(seconds), [this] { return mFinished; });
+
+        if (!mFinished) {
+            LOG(WARNING) << "Dev GC on HAL timeout";
+        } else if (mResult != Result::SUCCESS) {
+            LOG(WARNING) << "Dev GC on HAL failed with " << toString(mResult);
+        } else {
+            LOG(INFO) << "Dev GC on HAL successful";
+        }
+    }
+
+  private:
+    std::mutex mMutex;
+    std::condition_variable mCv;
+    bool mFinished{false};
+    Result mResult{Result::UNKNOWN_ERROR};
+};
+
+static void runDevGcOnHal(sp<IStorage> service) {
+    LOG(DEBUG) << "Start Dev GC on HAL";
+    sp<GcCallback> cb = new GcCallback();
+    auto ret = service->garbageCollect(DEVGC_TIMEOUT_SEC, cb);
+    if (!ret.isOk()) {
+        LOG(WARNING) << "Cannot start Dev GC on HAL: " << ret.description();
+        return;
+    }
+    cb->wait(DEVGC_TIMEOUT_SEC);
+}
+
+static void runDevGc(void) {
+    auto service = IStorage::getService();
+    if (service != nullptr) {
+        runDevGcOnHal(service);
+    } else {
+        // fallback to legacy code path
+        runDevGcFstab();
+    }
+}
+
 int RunIdleMaint(const android::sp<android::os::IVoldTaskListener>& listener) {
     std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lk(cv_m);
     if (idle_maint_stat != IdleMaintStats::kStopped) {
@@ -369,8 +415,7 @@
         cv_abort.notify_one();
         lk.lock();
         LOG(DEBUG) << "aborting idle maintenance";
-        cv_stop.wait(lk, []{
-            return idle_maint_stat == IdleMaintStats::kStopped;});
+        cv_stop.wait(lk, [] { return idle_maint_stat == IdleMaintStats::kStopped; });
     }
     lk.unlock();
 
diff --git a/KeyBuffer.cpp b/KeyBuffer.cpp
index e7aede5..5633bf8 100644
--- a/KeyBuffer.cpp
+++ b/KeyBuffer.cpp
@@ -34,4 +34,3 @@
 
 }  // namespace vold
 }  // namespace android
-
diff --git a/KeyBuffer.h b/KeyBuffer.h
index 2087187..a68311f 100644
--- a/KeyBuffer.h
+++ b/KeyBuffer.h
@@ -33,17 +33,15 @@
 #define OPTNONE __attribute__((optimize("O0")))
 #endif  // not __clang__
 inline OPTNONE void* memset_s(void* s, int c, size_t n) {
-    if (!s)
-        return s;
+    if (!s) return s;
     return memset(s, c, n);
 }
 #undef OPTNONE
 
 // Allocator that delegates useful work to standard one but zeroes data before deallocating.
 class ZeroingAllocator : public std::allocator<char> {
-    public:
-    void deallocate(pointer p, size_type n)
-    {
+  public:
+    void deallocate(pointer p, size_type n) {
         memset_s(p, 0, n);
         std::allocator<char>::deallocate(p, n);
     }
@@ -60,4 +58,3 @@
 }  // namespace android
 
 #endif
-
diff --git a/KeyStorage.cpp b/KeyStorage.cpp
index 6fc7250..d00225b 100644
--- a/KeyStorage.cpp
+++ b/KeyStorage.cpp
@@ -147,33 +147,6 @@
     return true;
 }
 
-static bool writeStringToFile(const std::string& payload, const std::string& filename) {
-    android::base::unique_fd fd(TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(
-        open(filename.c_str(), O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_NOFOLLOW | O_TRUNC | O_CLOEXEC, 0666)));
-    if (fd == -1) {
-        PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to open " << filename;
-        return false;
-    }
-    if (!android::base::WriteStringToFd(payload, fd)) {
-        PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to write to " << filename;
-        unlink(filename.c_str());
-        return false;
-    }
-    // fsync as close won't guarantee flush data
-    // see close(2), fsync(2) and b/68901441
-    if (fsync(fd) == -1) {
-        if (errno == EROFS || errno == EINVAL) {
-            PLOG(WARNING) << "Skip fsync " << filename
-                          << " on a file system does not support synchronization";
-        } else {
-            PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to fsync " << filename;
-            unlink(filename.c_str());
-            return false;
-        }
-    }
-    return true;
-}
-
 static bool readRandomBytesOrLog(size_t count, std::string* out) {
     auto status = ReadRandomBytes(count, *out);
     if (status != OK) {
@@ -202,7 +175,7 @@
                                 km::KeyPurpose purpose, const km::AuthorizationSet& keyParams,
                                 const km::AuthorizationSet& opParams,
                                 const km::HardwareAuthToken& authToken,
-                                km::AuthorizationSet* outParams) {
+                                km::AuthorizationSet* outParams, bool keepOld) {
     auto kmKeyPath = dir + "/" + kFn_keymaster_key_blob;
     std::string kmKey;
     if (!readFileToString(kmKeyPath, &kmKey)) return KeymasterOperation();
@@ -219,16 +192,18 @@
         if (!keymaster.upgradeKey(kmKey, keyParams, &newKey)) return KeymasterOperation();
         auto newKeyPath = dir + "/" + kFn_keymaster_key_blob_upgraded;
         if (!writeStringToFile(newKey, newKeyPath)) return KeymasterOperation();
-        if (rename(newKeyPath.c_str(), kmKeyPath.c_str()) != 0) {
-            PLOG(ERROR) << "Unable to move upgraded key to location: " << kmKeyPath;
-            return KeymasterOperation();
-        }
-        if (!android::vold::FsyncDirectory(dir)) {
-            LOG(ERROR) << "Key dir sync failed: " << dir;
-            return KeymasterOperation();
-        }
-        if (!keymaster.deleteKey(kmKey)) {
-            LOG(ERROR) << "Key deletion failed during upgrade, continuing anyway: " << dir;
+        if (!keepOld) {
+            if (rename(newKeyPath.c_str(), kmKeyPath.c_str()) != 0) {
+                PLOG(ERROR) << "Unable to move upgraded key to location: " << kmKeyPath;
+                return KeymasterOperation();
+            }
+            if (!android::vold::FsyncDirectory(dir)) {
+                LOG(ERROR) << "Key dir sync failed: " << dir;
+                return KeymasterOperation();
+            }
+            if (!keymaster.deleteKey(kmKey)) {
+                LOG(ERROR) << "Key deletion failed during upgrade, continuing anyway: " << dir;
+            }
         }
         kmKey = newKey;
         LOG(INFO) << "Key upgraded: " << dir;
@@ -237,12 +212,12 @@
 
 static bool encryptWithKeymasterKey(Keymaster& keymaster, const std::string& dir,
                                     const km::AuthorizationSet& keyParams,
-                                    const km::HardwareAuthToken& authToken,
-                                    const KeyBuffer& message, std::string* ciphertext) {
+                                    const km::HardwareAuthToken& authToken, const KeyBuffer& message,
+                                    std::string* ciphertext, bool keepOld) {
     km::AuthorizationSet opParams;
     km::AuthorizationSet outParams;
-    auto opHandle =
-        begin(keymaster, dir, km::KeyPurpose::ENCRYPT, keyParams, opParams, authToken, &outParams);
+    auto opHandle = begin(keymaster, dir, km::KeyPurpose::ENCRYPT, keyParams, opParams, authToken,
+                          &outParams, keepOld);
     if (!opHandle) return false;
     auto nonceBlob = outParams.GetTagValue(km::TAG_NONCE);
     if (!nonceBlob.isOk()) {
@@ -266,13 +241,14 @@
 static bool decryptWithKeymasterKey(Keymaster& keymaster, const std::string& dir,
                                     const km::AuthorizationSet& keyParams,
                                     const km::HardwareAuthToken& authToken,
-                                    const std::string& ciphertext, KeyBuffer* message) {
+                                    const std::string& ciphertext, KeyBuffer* message,
+                                    bool keepOld) {
     auto nonce = ciphertext.substr(0, GCM_NONCE_BYTES);
     auto bodyAndMac = ciphertext.substr(GCM_NONCE_BYTES);
     auto opParams = km::AuthorizationSetBuilder().Authorization(km::TAG_NONCE,
                                                                 km::support::blob2hidlVec(nonce));
-    auto opHandle =
-        begin(keymaster, dir, km::KeyPurpose::DECRYPT, keyParams, opParams, authToken, nullptr);
+    auto opHandle = begin(keymaster, dir, km::KeyPurpose::DECRYPT, keyParams, opParams, authToken,
+                          nullptr, keepOld);
     if (!opHandle) return false;
     if (!opHandle.updateCompletely(bodyAndMac, message)) return false;
     if (!opHandle.finish(nullptr)) return false;
@@ -478,7 +454,8 @@
         km::AuthorizationSet keyParams;
         km::HardwareAuthToken authToken;
         std::tie(keyParams, authToken) = beginParams(auth, appId);
-        if (!encryptWithKeymasterKey(keymaster, dir, keyParams, authToken, key, &encryptedKey))
+        if (!encryptWithKeymasterKey(keymaster, dir, keyParams, authToken, key, &encryptedKey,
+                                     false))
             return false;
     } else {
         if (!encryptWithoutKeymaster(appId, key, &encryptedKey)) return false;
@@ -507,7 +484,8 @@
     return true;
 }
 
-bool retrieveKey(const std::string& dir, const KeyAuthentication& auth, KeyBuffer* key) {
+bool retrieveKey(const std::string& dir, const KeyAuthentication& auth, KeyBuffer* key,
+                 bool keepOld) {
     std::string version;
     if (!readFileToString(dir + "/" + kFn_version, &version)) return false;
     if (version != kCurrentVersion) {
@@ -532,7 +510,8 @@
         km::AuthorizationSet keyParams;
         km::HardwareAuthToken authToken;
         std::tie(keyParams, authToken) = beginParams(auth, appId);
-        if (!decryptWithKeymasterKey(keymaster, dir, keyParams, authToken, encryptedMessage, key))
+        if (!decryptWithKeymasterKey(keymaster, dir, keyParams, authToken, encryptedMessage, key,
+                                     keepOld))
             return false;
     } else {
         if (!decryptWithoutKeymaster(appId, encryptedMessage, key)) return false;
@@ -573,7 +552,10 @@
         success &= deleteKey(dir);
     }
     auto secdiscard_cmd = std::vector<std::string>{
-        kSecdiscardPath, "--", dir + "/" + kFn_encrypted_key, dir + "/" + kFn_secdiscardable,
+        kSecdiscardPath,
+        "--",
+        dir + "/" + kFn_encrypted_key,
+        dir + "/" + kFn_secdiscardable,
     };
     if (uses_km) {
         secdiscard_cmd.emplace_back(dir + "/" + kFn_keymaster_key_blob);
diff --git a/KeyStorage.h b/KeyStorage.h
index 786e5b4..276b6b9 100644
--- a/KeyStorage.h
+++ b/KeyStorage.h
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
 // If only "secret" is nonempty, it is used to decrypt in a non-Keymaster process.
 class KeyAuthentication {
   public:
-    KeyAuthentication(std::string t, std::string s) : token{t}, secret{s} {};
+    KeyAuthentication(const std::string& t, const std::string& s) : token{t}, secret{s} {};
 
     bool usesKeymaster() const { return !token.empty() || secret.empty(); };
 
@@ -61,7 +61,8 @@
                         const KeyAuthentication& auth, const KeyBuffer& key);
 
 // Retrieve the key from the named directory.
-bool retrieveKey(const std::string& dir, const KeyAuthentication& auth, KeyBuffer* key);
+bool retrieveKey(const std::string& dir, const KeyAuthentication& auth, KeyBuffer* key,
+                 bool keepOld = false);
 
 // Securely destroy the key stored in the named directory and delete the directory.
 bool destroyKey(const std::string& dir);
diff --git a/KeyUtil.cpp b/KeyUtil.cpp
index 9885440..12cae9b 100644
--- a/KeyUtil.cpp
+++ b/KeyUtil.cpp
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 
 #include "KeyUtil.h"
 
+#include <linux/fs.h>
 #include <iomanip>
 #include <sstream>
 #include <string>
@@ -32,22 +33,10 @@
 namespace android {
 namespace vold {
 
-// ext4enc:TODO get this const from somewhere good
-const int EXT4_KEY_DESCRIPTOR_SIZE = 8;
-
-// ext4enc:TODO Include structure from somewhere sensible
-// MUST be in sync with ext4_crypto.c in kernel
-constexpr int EXT4_ENCRYPTION_MODE_AES_256_XTS = 1;
-constexpr int EXT4_AES_256_XTS_KEY_SIZE = 64;
-constexpr int EXT4_MAX_KEY_SIZE = 64;
-struct ext4_encryption_key {
-    uint32_t mode;
-    char raw[EXT4_MAX_KEY_SIZE];
-    uint32_t size;
-};
+constexpr int FS_AES_256_XTS_KEY_SIZE = 64;
 
 bool randomKey(KeyBuffer* key) {
-    *key = KeyBuffer(EXT4_AES_256_XTS_KEY_SIZE);
+    *key = KeyBuffer(FS_AES_256_XTS_KEY_SIZE);
     if (ReadRandomBytes(key->size(), key->data()) != 0) {
         // TODO status_t plays badly with PLOG, fix it.
         LOG(ERROR) << "Random read failed";
@@ -57,7 +46,7 @@
 }
 
 // Get raw keyref - used to make keyname and to pass to ioctl
-static std::string generateKeyRef(const char* key, int length) {
+static std::string generateKeyRef(const uint8_t* key, int length) {
     SHA512_CTX c;
 
     SHA512_Init(&c);
@@ -70,30 +59,24 @@
     unsigned char key_ref2[SHA512_DIGEST_LENGTH];
     SHA512_Final(key_ref2, &c);
 
-    static_assert(EXT4_KEY_DESCRIPTOR_SIZE <= SHA512_DIGEST_LENGTH,
-                  "Hash too short for descriptor");
-    return std::string((char*)key_ref2, EXT4_KEY_DESCRIPTOR_SIZE);
+    static_assert(FS_KEY_DESCRIPTOR_SIZE <= SHA512_DIGEST_LENGTH, "Hash too short for descriptor");
+    return std::string((char*)key_ref2, FS_KEY_DESCRIPTOR_SIZE);
 }
 
-static bool fillKey(const KeyBuffer& key, ext4_encryption_key* ext4_key) {
-    if (key.size() != EXT4_AES_256_XTS_KEY_SIZE) {
+static bool fillKey(const KeyBuffer& key, fscrypt_key* fs_key) {
+    if (key.size() != FS_AES_256_XTS_KEY_SIZE) {
         LOG(ERROR) << "Wrong size key " << key.size();
         return false;
     }
-    static_assert(EXT4_AES_256_XTS_KEY_SIZE <= sizeof(ext4_key->raw), "Key too long!");
-    ext4_key->mode = EXT4_ENCRYPTION_MODE_AES_256_XTS;
-    ext4_key->size = key.size();
-    memset(ext4_key->raw, 0, sizeof(ext4_key->raw));
-    memcpy(ext4_key->raw, key.data(), key.size());
+    static_assert(FS_AES_256_XTS_KEY_SIZE <= sizeof(fs_key->raw), "Key too long!");
+    fs_key->mode = FS_ENCRYPTION_MODE_AES_256_XTS;
+    fs_key->size = key.size();
+    memset(fs_key->raw, 0, sizeof(fs_key->raw));
+    memcpy(fs_key->raw, key.data(), key.size());
     return true;
 }
 
-static char const* const NAME_PREFIXES[] = {
-    "ext4",
-    "f2fs",
-    "fscrypt",
-    nullptr
-};
+static char const* const NAME_PREFIXES[] = {"ext4", "f2fs", "fscrypt", nullptr};
 
 static std::string keyname(const std::string& prefix, const std::string& raw_ref) {
     std::ostringstream o;
@@ -105,8 +88,8 @@
 }
 
 // Get the keyring we store all keys in
-static bool e4cryptKeyring(key_serial_t* device_keyring) {
-    *device_keyring = keyctl_search(KEY_SPEC_SESSION_KEYRING, "keyring", "e4crypt", 0);
+static bool fscryptKeyring(key_serial_t* device_keyring) {
+    *device_keyring = keyctl_search(KEY_SPEC_SESSION_KEYRING, "keyring", "fscrypt", 0);
     if (*device_keyring == -1) {
         PLOG(ERROR) << "Unable to find device keyring";
         return false;
@@ -117,18 +100,18 @@
 // Install password into global keyring
 // Return raw key reference for use in policy
 bool installKey(const KeyBuffer& key, std::string* raw_ref) {
-    // Place ext4_encryption_key into automatically zeroing buffer.
-    KeyBuffer ext4KeyBuffer(sizeof(ext4_encryption_key));
-    ext4_encryption_key &ext4_key = *reinterpret_cast<ext4_encryption_key*>(ext4KeyBuffer.data());
+    // Place fscrypt_key into automatically zeroing buffer.
+    KeyBuffer fsKeyBuffer(sizeof(fscrypt_key));
+    fscrypt_key& fs_key = *reinterpret_cast<fscrypt_key*>(fsKeyBuffer.data());
 
-    if (!fillKey(key, &ext4_key)) return false;
-    *raw_ref = generateKeyRef(ext4_key.raw, ext4_key.size);
+    if (!fillKey(key, &fs_key)) return false;
+    *raw_ref = generateKeyRef(fs_key.raw, fs_key.size);
     key_serial_t device_keyring;
-    if (!e4cryptKeyring(&device_keyring)) return false;
+    if (!fscryptKeyring(&device_keyring)) return false;
     for (char const* const* name_prefix = NAME_PREFIXES; *name_prefix != nullptr; name_prefix++) {
         auto ref = keyname(*name_prefix, *raw_ref);
         key_serial_t key_id =
-            add_key("logon", ref.c_str(), (void*)&ext4_key, sizeof(ext4_key), device_keyring);
+            add_key("logon", ref.c_str(), (void*)&fs_key, sizeof(fs_key), device_keyring);
         if (key_id == -1) {
             PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to insert key into keyring " << device_keyring;
             return false;
@@ -141,7 +124,7 @@
 
 bool evictKey(const std::string& raw_ref) {
     key_serial_t device_keyring;
-    if (!e4cryptKeyring(&device_keyring)) return false;
+    if (!fscryptKeyring(&device_keyring)) return false;
     bool success = true;
     for (char const* const* name_prefix = NAME_PREFIXES; *name_prefix != nullptr; name_prefix++) {
         auto ref = keyname(*name_prefix, raw_ref);
@@ -170,8 +153,8 @@
         if (!retrieveKey(key_path, key_authentication, &key)) return false;
     } else {
         if (!create_if_absent) {
-           LOG(ERROR) << "No key found in " << key_path;
-           return false;
+            LOG(ERROR) << "No key found in " << key_path;
+            return false;
         }
         LOG(INFO) << "Creating new key in " << key_path;
         if (!randomKey(&key)) return false;
@@ -185,20 +168,19 @@
     return true;
 }
 
-bool retrieveKey(bool create_if_absent, const std::string& key_path,
-                 const std::string& tmp_path, KeyBuffer* key) {
+bool retrieveKey(bool create_if_absent, const std::string& key_path, const std::string& tmp_path,
+                 KeyBuffer* key, bool keepOld) {
     if (pathExists(key_path)) {
         LOG(DEBUG) << "Key exists, using: " << key_path;
-        if (!retrieveKey(key_path, kEmptyAuthentication, key)) return false;
+        if (!retrieveKey(key_path, kEmptyAuthentication, key, keepOld)) return false;
     } else {
         if (!create_if_absent) {
-           LOG(ERROR) << "No key found in " << key_path;
-           return false;
+            LOG(ERROR) << "No key found in " << key_path;
+            return false;
         }
         LOG(INFO) << "Creating new key in " << key_path;
         if (!randomKey(key)) return false;
-        if (!storeKeyAtomically(key_path, tmp_path,
-                kEmptyAuthentication, *key)) return false;
+        if (!storeKeyAtomically(key_path, tmp_path, kEmptyAuthentication, *key)) return false;
     }
     return true;
 }
diff --git a/KeyUtil.h b/KeyUtil.h
index a85eca1..7ee6725 100644
--- a/KeyUtil.h
+++ b/KeyUtil.h
@@ -20,8 +20,8 @@
 #include "KeyBuffer.h"
 #include "KeyStorage.h"
 
-#include <string>
 #include <memory>
+#include <string>
 
 namespace android {
 namespace vold {
@@ -32,8 +32,8 @@
 bool retrieveAndInstallKey(bool create_if_absent, const KeyAuthentication& key_authentication,
                            const std::string& key_path, const std::string& tmp_path,
                            std::string* key_ref);
-bool retrieveKey(bool create_if_absent, const std::string& key_path,
-                 const std::string& tmp_path, KeyBuffer* key);
+bool retrieveKey(bool create_if_absent, const std::string& key_path, const std::string& tmp_path,
+                 KeyBuffer* key, bool keepOld = true);
 
 }  // namespace vold
 }  // namespace android
diff --git a/Keymaster.h b/Keymaster.h
index fabe0f4..42a2b5d 100644
--- a/Keymaster.h
+++ b/Keymaster.h
@@ -46,8 +46,8 @@
     ~KeymasterOperation();
     // Is this instance valid? This is false if creation fails, and becomes
     // false on finish or if an update fails.
-    explicit operator bool() { return mError == km::ErrorCode::OK; }
-    km::ErrorCode errorCode() { return mError; }
+    explicit operator bool() const { return mError == km::ErrorCode::OK; }
+    km::ErrorCode errorCode() const { return mError; }
     // Call "update" repeatedly until all of the input is consumed, and
     // concatenate the output. Return true on success.
     template <class TI, class TO>
diff --git a/Loop.cpp b/Loop.cpp
index 335ca13..fa8f8ba 100644
--- a/Loop.cpp
+++ b/Loop.cpp
@@ -16,24 +16,24 @@
 
 #define ATRACE_TAG ATRACE_TAG_PACKAGE_MANAGER
 
+#include <dirent.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
-#include <dirent.h>
-#include <fcntl.h>
-#include <unistd.h>
-#include <errno.h>
 #include <string.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
 
-#include <sys/mount.h>
-#include <sys/types.h>
-#include <sys/stat.h>
 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
+#include <sys/mount.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
 
 #include <linux/kdev_t.h>
 
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
-#include <android-base/strings.h>
 #include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
+#include <android-base/strings.h>
 #include <android-base/unique_fd.h>
 #include <utils/Trace.h>
 
@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@
 using android::base::unique_fd;
 
 static const char* kVoldPrefix = "vold:";
+static constexpr size_t kLoopDeviceRetryAttempts = 3u;
 
 int Loop::create(const std::string& target, std::string& out_device) {
     unique_fd ctl_fd(open("/dev/loop-control", O_RDWR | O_CLOEXEC));
@@ -61,7 +62,14 @@
 
     out_device = StringPrintf("/dev/block/loop%d", num);
 
-    unique_fd target_fd(open(target.c_str(), O_RDWR | O_CLOEXEC));
+    unique_fd target_fd;
+    for (size_t i = 0; i != kLoopDeviceRetryAttempts; ++i) {
+        target_fd.reset(open(target.c_str(), O_RDWR | O_CLOEXEC));
+        if (target_fd.get() != -1) {
+            break;
+        }
+        usleep(50000);
+    }
     if (target_fd.get() == -1) {
         PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to open " << target;
         return -errno;
@@ -79,7 +87,7 @@
 
     struct loop_info64 li;
     memset(&li, 0, sizeof(li));
-    strlcpy((char*) li.lo_crypt_name, kVoldPrefix, LO_NAME_SIZE);
+    strlcpy((char*)li.lo_crypt_name, kVoldPrefix, LO_NAME_SIZE);
     if (ioctl(device_fd.get(), LOOP_SET_STATUS64, &li) == -1) {
         PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to LOOP_SET_STATUS64";
         return -errno;
@@ -88,7 +96,7 @@
     return 0;
 }
 
-int Loop::destroyByDevice(const char *loopDevice) {
+int Loop::destroyByDevice(const char* loopDevice) {
     int device_fd;
 
     device_fd = open(loopDevice, O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC);
@@ -138,7 +146,7 @@
             continue;
         }
 
-        auto id = std::string((char*) li.lo_crypt_name);
+        auto id = std::string((char*)li.lo_crypt_name);
         if (android::base::StartsWith(id, kVoldPrefix)) {
             LOG(DEBUG) << "Tearing down stale loop device at " << path << " named " << id;
 
@@ -146,14 +154,14 @@
                 PLOG(WARNING) << "Failed to LOOP_CLR_FD " << path;
             }
         } else {
-            LOG(VERBOSE) << "Found unmanaged loop device at " << path << " named " << id;
+            LOG(DEBUG) << "Found unmanaged loop device at " << path << " named " << id;
         }
     }
 
     return 0;
 }
 
-int Loop::createImageFile(const char *file, unsigned long numSectors) {
+int Loop::createImageFile(const char* file, unsigned long numSectors) {
     unique_fd fd(open(file, O_CREAT | O_WRONLY | O_TRUNC | O_CLOEXEC, 0600));
     if (fd.get() == -1) {
         PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to create image " << file;
@@ -169,7 +177,7 @@
     return 0;
 }
 
-int Loop::resizeImageFile(const char *file, unsigned long numSectors) {
+int Loop::resizeImageFile(const char* file, unsigned long numSectors) {
     int fd;
 
     if ((fd = open(file, O_RDWR | O_CLOEXEC)) < 0) {
diff --git a/Loop.h b/Loop.h
index 130c5b6..4e5f9c1 100644
--- a/Loop.h
+++ b/Loop.h
@@ -17,19 +17,20 @@
 #ifndef _LOOP_H
 #define _LOOP_H
 
-#include <string>
-#include <unistd.h>
 #include <linux/loop.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <string>
 
 class Loop {
-public:
+  public:
     static const int LOOP_MAX = 4096;
-public:
+
+  public:
     static int create(const std::string& file, std::string& out_device);
-    static int destroyByDevice(const char *loopDevice);
+    static int destroyByDevice(const char* loopDevice);
     static int destroyAll();
-    static int createImageFile(const char *file, unsigned long numSectors);
-    static int resizeImageFile(const char *file, unsigned long numSectors);
+    static int createImageFile(const char* file, unsigned long numSectors);
+    static int resizeImageFile(const char* file, unsigned long numSectors);
 };
 
 #endif
diff --git a/MetadataCrypt.cpp b/MetadataCrypt.cpp
index c14b9a2..deb7194 100644
--- a/MetadataCrypt.cpp
+++ b/MetadataCrypt.cpp
@@ -14,13 +14,13 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#include "KeyBuffer.h"
 #include "MetadataCrypt.h"
+#include "KeyBuffer.h"
 
+#include <algorithm>
 #include <string>
 #include <thread>
 #include <vector>
-#include <algorithm>
 
 #include <fcntl.h>
 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
@@ -30,16 +30,18 @@
 
 #include <linux/dm-ioctl.h>
 
+#include <android-base/file.h>
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 #include <android-base/properties.h>
 #include <android-base/unique_fd.h>
 #include <cutils/fs.h>
 #include <fs_mgr.h>
 
+#include "Checkpoint.h"
 #include "EncryptInplace.h"
 #include "KeyStorage.h"
 #include "KeyUtil.h"
-#include "secontext.h"
+#include "Keymaster.h"
 #include "Utils.h"
 #include "VoldUtil.h"
 
@@ -47,19 +49,25 @@
 #define TABLE_LOAD_RETRIES 10
 #define DEFAULT_KEY_TARGET_TYPE "default-key"
 
+using android::fs_mgr::FstabEntry;
+using android::fs_mgr::GetEntryForMountPoint;
 using android::vold::KeyBuffer;
 
 static const std::string kDmNameUserdata = "userdata";
 
+static const char* kFn_keymaster_key_blob = "keymaster_key_blob";
+static const char* kFn_keymaster_key_blob_upgraded = "keymaster_key_blob_upgraded";
+
 static bool mount_via_fs_mgr(const char* mount_point, const char* blk_device) {
     // fs_mgr_do_mount runs fsck. Use setexeccon to run trusted
     // partitions in the fsck domain.
-    if (setexeccon(secontextFsck())) {
+    if (setexeccon(android::vold::sFsckContext)) {
         PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to setexeccon";
         return false;
     }
-    auto mount_rc = fs_mgr_do_mount(fstab_default, const_cast<char*>(mount_point),
-                                    const_cast<char*>(blk_device), nullptr);
+    auto mount_rc = fs_mgr_do_mount(&fstab_default, const_cast<char*>(mount_point),
+                                    const_cast<char*>(blk_device), nullptr,
+                                    android::vold::cp_needsCheckpoint());
     if (setexeccon(nullptr)) {
         PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to clear setexeccon";
         return false;
@@ -72,12 +80,41 @@
     return true;
 }
 
-static bool read_key(struct fstab_rec const* data_rec, bool create_if_absent, KeyBuffer* key) {
-    if (!data_rec->key_dir) {
+namespace android {
+namespace vold {
+
+// Note: It is possible to orphan a key if it is removed before deleting
+// Update this once keymaster APIs change, and we have a proper commit.
+static void commit_key(const std::string& dir) {
+    while (!android::base::WaitForProperty("vold.checkpoint_committed", "1")) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Wait for boot timed out";
+    }
+    Keymaster keymaster;
+    auto keyPath = dir + "/" + kFn_keymaster_key_blob;
+    auto newKeyPath = dir + "/" + kFn_keymaster_key_blob_upgraded;
+    std::string key;
+
+    if (!android::base::ReadFileToString(keyPath, &key)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to read old key: " << dir;
+        return;
+    }
+    if (rename(newKeyPath.c_str(), keyPath.c_str()) != 0) {
+        PLOG(ERROR) << "Unable to move upgraded key to location: " << keyPath;
+        return;
+    }
+    if (!keymaster.deleteKey(key)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Key deletion failed during upgrade, continuing anyway: " << dir;
+    }
+    LOG(INFO) << "Old Key deleted: " << dir;
+}
+
+static bool read_key(const FstabEntry& data_rec, bool create_if_absent, KeyBuffer* key) {
+    if (data_rec.key_dir.empty()) {
         LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to get key_dir";
         return false;
     }
-    std::string key_dir = data_rec->key_dir;
+    std::string key_dir = data_rec.key_dir;
+    std::string sKey;
     auto dir = key_dir + "/key";
     LOG(DEBUG) << "key_dir/key: " << dir;
     if (fs_mkdirs(dir.c_str(), 0700)) {
@@ -85,10 +122,30 @@
         return false;
     }
     auto temp = key_dir + "/tmp";
-    if (!android::vold::retrieveKey(create_if_absent, dir, temp, key)) return false;
+    auto newKeyPath = dir + "/" + kFn_keymaster_key_blob_upgraded;
+    /* If we have a leftover upgraded key, delete it.
+     * We either failed an update and must return to the old key,
+     * or we rebooted before commiting the keys in a freak accident.
+     * Either way, we can re-upgrade the key if we need to.
+     */
+    Keymaster keymaster;
+    if (pathExists(newKeyPath)) {
+        if (!android::base::ReadFileToString(newKeyPath, &sKey))
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to read old key: " << dir;
+        else if (!keymaster.deleteKey(sKey))
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Old key deletion failed, continuing anyway: " << dir;
+        else
+            unlink(newKeyPath.c_str());
+    }
+    bool needs_cp = cp_needsCheckpoint();
+    if (!android::vold::retrieveKey(create_if_absent, dir, temp, key, needs_cp)) return false;
+    if (needs_cp && pathExists(newKeyPath)) std::thread(commit_key, dir).detach();
     return true;
 }
 
+}  // namespace vold
+}  // namespace android
+
 static KeyBuffer default_key_params(const std::string& real_blkdev, const KeyBuffer& key) {
     KeyBuffer hex_key;
     if (android::vold::StrToHex(key, hex_key) != android::OK) {
@@ -99,33 +156,22 @@
     return res;
 }
 
-static bool get_number_of_sectors(const std::string& real_blkdev, uint64_t *nr_sec) {
-    android::base::unique_fd dev_fd(TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(open(
-        real_blkdev.c_str(), O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC, 0)));
-    if (dev_fd == -1) {
-        PLOG(ERROR) << "Unable to open " << real_blkdev << " to measure size";
-        return false;
-    }
-    unsigned long res;
-    // TODO: should use BLKGETSIZE64
-    get_blkdev_size(dev_fd.get(), &res);
-    if (res == 0) {
+static bool get_number_of_sectors(const std::string& real_blkdev, uint64_t* nr_sec) {
+    if (android::vold::GetBlockDev512Sectors(real_blkdev, nr_sec) != android::OK) {
         PLOG(ERROR) << "Unable to measure size of " << real_blkdev;
         return false;
     }
-    *nr_sec = res;
     return true;
 }
 
-static struct dm_ioctl* dm_ioctl_init(char *buffer, size_t buffer_size,
-                                      const std::string& dm_name) {
+static struct dm_ioctl* dm_ioctl_init(char* buffer, size_t buffer_size, const std::string& dm_name) {
     if (buffer_size < sizeof(dm_ioctl)) {
         LOG(ERROR) << "dm_ioctl buffer too small";
         return nullptr;
     }
 
     memset(buffer, 0, buffer_size);
-    struct dm_ioctl* io = (struct dm_ioctl*) buffer;
+    struct dm_ioctl* io = (struct dm_ioctl*)buffer;
     io->data_size = buffer_size;
     io->data_start = sizeof(struct dm_ioctl);
     io->version[0] = 4;
@@ -139,8 +185,8 @@
 static bool create_crypto_blk_dev(const std::string& dm_name, uint64_t nr_sec,
                                   const std::string& target_type, const KeyBuffer& crypt_params,
                                   std::string* crypto_blkdev) {
-    android::base::unique_fd dm_fd(TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(open(
-        "/dev/device-mapper", O_RDWR | O_CLOEXEC, 0)));
+    android::base::unique_fd dm_fd(
+        TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(open("/dev/device-mapper", O_RDWR | O_CLOEXEC, 0)));
     if (dm_fd == -1) {
         PLOG(ERROR) << "Cannot open device-mapper";
         return false;
@@ -158,13 +204,13 @@
         PLOG(ERROR) << "Cannot retrieve dm-crypt device status " << dm_name;
         return false;
     }
-    *crypto_blkdev = std::string() + "/dev/block/dm-" + std::to_string(
-        (io->dev & 0xff) | ((io->dev >> 12) & 0xfff00));
+    *crypto_blkdev = std::string() + "/dev/block/dm-" +
+                     std::to_string((io->dev & 0xff) | ((io->dev >> 12) & 0xfff00));
 
     io = dm_ioctl_init(buffer, sizeof(buffer), dm_name);
     size_t paramix = io->data_start + sizeof(struct dm_target_spec);
     size_t nullix = paramix + crypt_params.size();
-    size_t endix = (nullix + 1 + 7) & 8; // Add room for \0 and align to 8 byte boundary
+    size_t endix = (nullix + 1 + 7) & 8;  // Add room for \0 and align to 8 byte boundary
 
     if (endix > sizeof(buffer)) {
         LOG(ERROR) << "crypt_params too big for DM_CRYPT_BUF_SIZE";
@@ -172,21 +218,21 @@
     }
 
     io->target_count = 1;
-    auto tgt = (struct dm_target_spec *) (buffer + io->data_start);
+    auto tgt = (struct dm_target_spec*)(buffer + io->data_start);
     tgt->status = 0;
     tgt->sector_start = 0;
     tgt->length = nr_sec;
     target_type.copy(tgt->target_type, sizeof(tgt->target_type));
     memcpy(buffer + paramix, crypt_params.data(),
-            std::min(crypt_params.size(), sizeof(buffer) - paramix));
+           std::min(crypt_params.size(), sizeof(buffer) - paramix));
     buffer[nullix] = '\0';
     tgt->next = endix;
 
-    for (int i = 0; ; i++) {
+    for (int i = 0;; i++) {
         if (ioctl(dm_fd.get(), DM_TABLE_LOAD, io) == 0) {
             break;
         }
-        if (i+1 >= TABLE_LOAD_RETRIES) {
+        if (i + 1 >= TABLE_LOAD_RETRIES) {
             PLOG(ERROR) << "DM_TABLE_LOAD ioctl failed";
             return false;
         }
@@ -203,20 +249,21 @@
     return true;
 }
 
-bool e4crypt_mount_metadata_encrypted(const std::string& mount_point, bool needs_encrypt) {
-    LOG(DEBUG) << "e4crypt_mount_metadata_encrypted: " << mount_point << " " << needs_encrypt;
+bool fscrypt_mount_metadata_encrypted(const std::string& mount_point, bool needs_encrypt) {
+    LOG(DEBUG) << "fscrypt_mount_metadata_encrypted: " << mount_point << " " << needs_encrypt;
     auto encrypted_state = android::base::GetProperty("ro.crypto.state", "");
     if (encrypted_state != "") {
-        LOG(DEBUG) << "e4crypt_enable_crypto got unexpected starting state: " << encrypted_state;
+        LOG(DEBUG) << "fscrypt_enable_crypto got unexpected starting state: " << encrypted_state;
         return false;
     }
-    auto data_rec = fs_mgr_get_entry_for_mount_point(fstab_default, mount_point);
+
+    auto data_rec = GetEntryForMountPoint(&fstab_default, mount_point);
     if (!data_rec) {
         LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to get data_rec";
         return false;
     }
     KeyBuffer key;
-    if (!read_key(data_rec, needs_encrypt, &key)) return false;
+    if (!read_key(*data_rec, needs_encrypt, &key)) return false;
     uint64_t nr_sec;
     if (!get_number_of_sectors(data_rec->blk_device, &nr_sec)) return false;
     std::string crypto_blkdev;
@@ -227,9 +274,8 @@
     if (needs_encrypt) {
         LOG(INFO) << "Beginning inplace encryption, nr_sec: " << nr_sec;
         off64_t size_already_done = 0;
-        auto rc =
-            cryptfs_enable_inplace(const_cast<char*>(crypto_blkdev.c_str()), data_rec->blk_device,
-                                   nr_sec, &size_already_done, nr_sec, 0, false);
+        auto rc = cryptfs_enable_inplace(crypto_blkdev.data(), data_rec->blk_device.data(), nr_sec,
+                                         &size_already_done, nr_sec, 0, false);
         if (rc != 0) {
             LOG(ERROR) << "Inplace crypto failed with code: " << rc;
             return false;
@@ -242,6 +288,6 @@
     }
 
     LOG(DEBUG) << "Mounting metadata-encrypted filesystem:" << mount_point;
-    mount_via_fs_mgr(data_rec->mount_point, crypto_blkdev.c_str());
+    mount_via_fs_mgr(data_rec->mount_point.c_str(), crypto_blkdev.c_str());
     return true;
 }
diff --git a/MetadataCrypt.h b/MetadataCrypt.h
index 841dc97..d82a43b 100644
--- a/MetadataCrypt.h
+++ b/MetadataCrypt.h
@@ -19,6 +19,6 @@
 
 #include <string>
 
-bool e4crypt_mount_metadata_encrypted(const std::string& mount_point, bool needs_encrypt);
+bool fscrypt_mount_metadata_encrypted(const std::string& mount_point, bool needs_encrypt);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/MoveStorage.cpp b/MoveStorage.cpp
index 4624026..79a47ae 100644
--- a/MoveStorage.cpp
+++ b/MoveStorage.cpp
@@ -29,7 +29,8 @@
 #include <dirent.h>
 #include <sys/wait.h>
 
-#define CONSTRAIN(amount, low, high) ((amount) < (low) ? (low) : ((amount) > (high) ? (high) : (amount)))
+#define CONSTRAIN(amount, low, high) \
+    ((amount) < (low) ? (low) : ((amount) > (high) ? (high) : (amount)))
 
 static const char* kPropBlockingExec = "persist.sys.blocking_exec";
 
@@ -48,38 +49,38 @@
 static const char* kWakeLock = "MoveTask";
 
 static void notifyProgress(int progress,
-        const android::sp<android::os::IVoldTaskListener>& listener) {
+                           const android::sp<android::os::IVoldTaskListener>& listener) {
     if (listener) {
         android::os::PersistableBundle extras;
         listener->onStatus(progress, extras);
     }
 }
 
-static status_t pushBackContents(const std::string& path, std::vector<std::string>& cmd,
-        bool addWildcard) {
-    DIR* dir = opendir(path.c_str());
-    if (dir == NULL) {
-        return -1;
+static bool pushBackContents(const std::string& path, std::vector<std::string>& cmd,
+                             int searchLevels) {
+    if (searchLevels == 0) {
+        cmd.emplace_back(path);
+        return true;
+    }
+    auto dirp = std::unique_ptr<DIR, int (*)(DIR*)>(opendir(path.c_str()), closedir);
+    if (!dirp) {
+        PLOG(ERROR) << "Unable to open directory: " << path;
+        return false;
     }
     bool found = false;
     struct dirent* ent;
-    while ((ent = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
+    while ((ent = readdir(dirp.get())) != NULL) {
         if ((!strcmp(ent->d_name, ".")) || (!strcmp(ent->d_name, ".."))) {
             continue;
         }
-        if (addWildcard) {
-            cmd.push_back(StringPrintf("%s/%s/*", path.c_str(), ent->d_name));
-        } else {
-            cmd.push_back(StringPrintf("%s/%s", path.c_str(), ent->d_name));
-        }
-        found = true;
+        auto subdir = path + "/" + ent->d_name;
+        found |= pushBackContents(subdir, cmd, searchLevels - 1);
     }
-    closedir(dir);
-    return found ? OK : -1;
+    return found;
 }
 
 static status_t execRm(const std::string& path, int startProgress, int stepProgress,
-        const android::sp<android::os::IVoldTaskListener>& listener) {
+                       const android::sp<android::os::IVoldTaskListener>& listener) {
     notifyProgress(startProgress, listener);
 
     uint64_t expectedBytes = GetTreeBytes(path);
@@ -89,7 +90,7 @@
     cmd.push_back(kRmPath);
     cmd.push_back("-f"); /* force: remove without confirmation, no error if it doesn't exist */
     cmd.push_back("-R"); /* recursive: remove directory contents */
-    if (pushBackContents(path, cmd, true) != OK) {
+    if (!pushBackContents(path, cmd, 2)) {
         LOG(WARNING) << "No contents in " << path;
         return OK;
     }
@@ -114,14 +115,17 @@
 
         sleep(1);
         uint64_t deltaFreeBytes = GetFreeBytes(path) - startFreeBytes;
-        notifyProgress(startProgress + CONSTRAIN((int)
-                ((deltaFreeBytes * stepProgress) / expectedBytes), 0, stepProgress), listener);
+        notifyProgress(
+            startProgress +
+                CONSTRAIN((int)((deltaFreeBytes * stepProgress) / expectedBytes), 0, stepProgress),
+            listener);
     }
     return -1;
 }
 
 static status_t execCp(const std::string& fromPath, const std::string& toPath, int startProgress,
-        int stepProgress, const android::sp<android::os::IVoldTaskListener>& listener) {
+                       int stepProgress,
+                       const android::sp<android::os::IVoldTaskListener>& listener) {
     notifyProgress(startProgress, listener);
 
     uint64_t expectedBytes = GetTreeBytes(fromPath);
@@ -129,7 +133,7 @@
 
     if (expectedBytes > startFreeBytes) {
         LOG(ERROR) << "Data size " << expectedBytes << " is too large to fit in free space "
-                << startFreeBytes;
+                   << startFreeBytes;
         return -1;
     }
 
@@ -139,7 +143,7 @@
     cmd.push_back("-R"); /* recurse into subdirectories (DEST must be a directory) */
     cmd.push_back("-P"); /* Do not follow symlinks [default] */
     cmd.push_back("-d"); /* don't dereference symlinks */
-    if (pushBackContents(fromPath, cmd, false) != OK) {
+    if (!pushBackContents(fromPath, cmd, 1)) {
         LOG(WARNING) << "No contents in " << fromPath;
         return OK;
     }
@@ -165,8 +169,10 @@
 
         sleep(1);
         uint64_t deltaFreeBytes = startFreeBytes - GetFreeBytes(toPath);
-        notifyProgress(startProgress + CONSTRAIN((int)
-                ((deltaFreeBytes * stepProgress) / expectedBytes), 0, stepProgress), listener);
+        notifyProgress(
+            startProgress +
+                CONSTRAIN((int)((deltaFreeBytes * stepProgress) / expectedBytes), 0, stepProgress),
+            listener);
     }
     return -1;
 }
@@ -186,8 +192,8 @@
 }
 
 static status_t moveStorageInternal(const std::shared_ptr<VolumeBase>& from,
-        const std::shared_ptr<VolumeBase>& to,
-        const android::sp<android::os::IVoldTaskListener>& listener) {
+                                    const std::shared_ptr<VolumeBase>& to,
+                                    const android::sp<android::os::IVoldTaskListener>& listener) {
     std::string fromPath;
     std::string toPath;
 
@@ -239,17 +245,19 @@
     // useful anyway.
     execRm(toPath, 80, 1, listener);
 fail:
+    // clang-format off
     {
         std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(VolumeManager::Instance()->getLock());
         bringOnline(from);
         bringOnline(to);
     }
+    // clang-format on
     notifyProgress(kMoveFailedInternalError, listener);
     return -1;
 }
 
 void MoveStorage(const std::shared_ptr<VolumeBase>& from, const std::shared_ptr<VolumeBase>& to,
-        const android::sp<android::os::IVoldTaskListener>& listener) {
+                 const android::sp<android::os::IVoldTaskListener>& listener) {
     acquire_wake_lock(PARTIAL_WAKE_LOCK, kWakeLock);
 
     android::os::PersistableBundle extras;
diff --git a/MoveStorage.h b/MoveStorage.h
index d271704..46f745f 100644
--- a/MoveStorage.h
+++ b/MoveStorage.h
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
 namespace vold {
 
 void MoveStorage(const std::shared_ptr<VolumeBase>& from, const std::shared_ptr<VolumeBase>& to,
-        const android::sp<android::os::IVoldTaskListener>& listener);
+                 const android::sp<android::os::IVoldTaskListener>& listener);
 
 }  // namespace vold
 }  // namespace android
diff --git a/NetlinkHandler.cpp b/NetlinkHandler.cpp
index 92131e9..d180a95 100644
--- a/NetlinkHandler.cpp
+++ b/NetlinkHandler.cpp
@@ -14,9 +14,9 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
+#include <errno.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
-#include <errno.h>
 #include <string.h>
 
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
@@ -25,12 +25,9 @@
 #include "NetlinkHandler.h"
 #include "VolumeManager.h"
 
-NetlinkHandler::NetlinkHandler(int listenerSocket) :
-                NetlinkListener(listenerSocket) {
-}
+NetlinkHandler::NetlinkHandler(int listenerSocket) : NetlinkListener(listenerSocket) {}
 
-NetlinkHandler::~NetlinkHandler() {
-}
+NetlinkHandler::~NetlinkHandler() {}
 
 int NetlinkHandler::start() {
     return this->startListener();
@@ -40,9 +37,9 @@
     return this->stopListener();
 }
 
-void NetlinkHandler::onEvent(NetlinkEvent *evt) {
-    VolumeManager *vm = VolumeManager::Instance();
-    const char *subsys = evt->getSubsystem();
+void NetlinkHandler::onEvent(NetlinkEvent* evt) {
+    VolumeManager* vm = VolumeManager::Instance();
+    const char* subsys = evt->getSubsystem();
 
     if (!subsys) {
         LOG(WARNING) << "No subsystem found in netlink event";
diff --git a/NetlinkHandler.h b/NetlinkHandler.h
index 56eb23c..8af7575 100644
--- a/NetlinkHandler.h
+++ b/NetlinkHandler.h
@@ -19,16 +19,15 @@
 
 #include <sysutils/NetlinkListener.h>
 
-class NetlinkHandler: public NetlinkListener {
-
-public:
+class NetlinkHandler : public NetlinkListener {
+  public:
     explicit NetlinkHandler(int listenerSocket);
     virtual ~NetlinkHandler();
 
     int start(void);
     int stop(void);
 
-protected:
-    virtual void onEvent(NetlinkEvent *evt);
+  protected:
+    virtual void onEvent(NetlinkEvent* evt);
 };
 #endif
diff --git a/NetlinkManager.cpp b/NetlinkManager.cpp
index 409cdc8..aacf4b9 100644
--- a/NetlinkManager.cpp
+++ b/NetlinkManager.cpp
@@ -14,12 +14,12 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#include <stdio.h>
 #include <errno.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
 #include <string.h>
 
-#include <sys/socket.h>
 #include <sys/select.h>
+#include <sys/socket.h>
 #include <sys/time.h>
 #include <sys/types.h>
 #include <sys/un.h>
@@ -28,14 +28,13 @@
 
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 
-#include "NetlinkManager.h"
 #include "NetlinkHandler.h"
+#include "NetlinkManager.h"
 
-NetlinkManager *NetlinkManager::sInstance = NULL;
+NetlinkManager* NetlinkManager::sInstance = NULL;
 
-NetlinkManager *NetlinkManager::Instance() {
-    if (!sInstance)
-        sInstance = new NetlinkManager();
+NetlinkManager* NetlinkManager::Instance() {
+    if (!sInstance) sInstance = new NetlinkManager();
     return sInstance;
 }
 
@@ -43,8 +42,7 @@
     mBroadcaster = NULL;
 }
 
-NetlinkManager::~NetlinkManager() {
-}
+NetlinkManager::~NetlinkManager() {}
 
 int NetlinkManager::start() {
     struct sockaddr_nl nladdr;
@@ -56,8 +54,7 @@
     nladdr.nl_pid = getpid();
     nladdr.nl_groups = 0xffffffff;
 
-    if ((mSock = socket(PF_NETLINK, SOCK_DGRAM | SOCK_CLOEXEC,
-            NETLINK_KOBJECT_UEVENT)) < 0) {
+    if ((mSock = socket(PF_NETLINK, SOCK_DGRAM | SOCK_CLOEXEC, NETLINK_KOBJECT_UEVENT)) < 0) {
         PLOG(ERROR) << "Unable to create uevent socket";
         return -1;
     }
@@ -76,7 +73,7 @@
         goto out;
     }
 
-    if (bind(mSock, (struct sockaddr *) &nladdr, sizeof(nladdr)) < 0) {
+    if (bind(mSock, (struct sockaddr*)&nladdr, sizeof(nladdr)) < 0) {
         PLOG(ERROR) << "Unable to bind uevent socket";
         goto out;
     }
diff --git a/NetlinkManager.h b/NetlinkManager.h
index 9c7ba11..e31fc2e 100644
--- a/NetlinkManager.h
+++ b/NetlinkManager.h
@@ -17,32 +17,32 @@
 #ifndef _NETLINKMANAGER_H
 #define _NETLINKMANAGER_H
 
-#include <sysutils/SocketListener.h>
 #include <sysutils/NetlinkListener.h>
+#include <sysutils/SocketListener.h>
 
 class NetlinkHandler;
 
 class NetlinkManager {
-private:
-    static NetlinkManager *sInstance;
+  private:
+    static NetlinkManager* sInstance;
 
-private:
-    SocketListener       *mBroadcaster;
-    NetlinkHandler       *mHandler;
-    int                  mSock;
+  private:
+    SocketListener* mBroadcaster;
+    NetlinkHandler* mHandler;
+    int mSock;
 
-public:
+  public:
     virtual ~NetlinkManager();
 
     int start();
     int stop();
 
-    void setBroadcaster(SocketListener *sl) { mBroadcaster = sl; }
-    SocketListener *getBroadcaster() { return mBroadcaster; }
+    void setBroadcaster(SocketListener* sl) { mBroadcaster = sl; }
+    SocketListener* getBroadcaster() { return mBroadcaster; }
 
-    static NetlinkManager *Instance();
+    static NetlinkManager* Instance();
 
-private:
+  private:
     NetlinkManager();
 };
 #endif
diff --git a/PREUPLOAD.cfg b/PREUPLOAD.cfg
index c8dbf77..dcf92be 100644
--- a/PREUPLOAD.cfg
+++ b/PREUPLOAD.cfg
@@ -3,3 +3,6 @@
 
 [Builtin Hooks Options]
 clang_format = --commit ${PREUPLOAD_COMMIT} --style file --extensions c,h,cc,cpp
+
+[Hook Scripts]
+aosp_hook = ${REPO_ROOT}/frameworks/base/tools/aosp/aosp_sha.sh ${PREUPLOAD_COMMIT} "."
diff --git a/Process.cpp b/Process.cpp
index 9038af2..3d8e3d7 100644
--- a/Process.cpp
+++ b/Process.cpp
@@ -14,28 +14,28 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <unistd.h>
+#include <ctype.h>
+#include <dirent.h>
 #include <errno.h>
-#include <string.h>
 #include <fcntl.h>
 #include <fts.h>
-#include <dirent.h>
-#include <ctype.h>
-#include <pwd.h>
-#include <stdlib.h>
 #include <poll.h>
-#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <pwd.h>
 #include <signal.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
 
 #include <fstream>
 #include <unordered_set>
 
 #include <android-base/file.h>
-#include <android-base/parseint.h>
-#include <android-base/strings.h>
-#include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
+#include <android-base/parseint.h>
+#include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
+#include <android-base/strings.h>
 
 #include "Process.h"
 
@@ -46,18 +46,27 @@
 
 static bool checkMaps(const std::string& path, const std::string& prefix) {
     bool found = false;
-    std::ifstream infile(path);
-    std::string line;
-    while (std::getline(infile, line)) {
+    auto file = std::unique_ptr<FILE, decltype(&fclose)>{fopen(path.c_str(), "re"), fclose};
+    if (!file) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    char* buf = nullptr;
+    size_t len = 0;
+    while (getline(&buf, &len, file.get()) != -1) {
+        std::string line(buf);
         std::string::size_type pos = line.find('/');
         if (pos != std::string::npos) {
             line = line.substr(pos);
             if (android::base::StartsWith(line, prefix)) {
                 LOG(WARNING) << "Found map " << path << " referencing " << line;
                 found = true;
+                break;
             }
         }
     }
+    free(buf);
+
     return found;
 }
 
diff --git a/ScryptParameters.cpp b/ScryptParameters.cpp
index c0e2030..f5a964f 100644
--- a/ScryptParameters.cpp
+++ b/ScryptParameters.cpp
@@ -19,20 +19,19 @@
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
 
-bool parse_scrypt_parameters(const char* paramstr, int *Nf, int *rf, int *pf) {
+bool parse_scrypt_parameters(const char* paramstr, int* Nf, int* rf, int* pf) {
     int params[3] = {};
-    char *token;
-    char *saveptr;
+    char* token;
+    char* saveptr;
     int i;
 
     /*
      * The token we're looking for should be three integers separated by
      * colons (e.g., "12:8:1"). Scan the property to make sure it matches.
      */
-    for (i = 0, token = strtok_r(const_cast<char *>(paramstr), ":", &saveptr);
-            token != nullptr && i < 3;
-            i++, token = strtok_r(nullptr, ":", &saveptr)) {
-        char *endptr;
+    for (i = 0, token = strtok_r(const_cast<char*>(paramstr), ":", &saveptr);
+         token != nullptr && i < 3; i++, token = strtok_r(nullptr, ":", &saveptr)) {
+        char* endptr;
         params[i] = strtol(token, &endptr, 10);
 
         /*
@@ -45,6 +44,8 @@
     if (token != nullptr) {
         return false;
     }
-    *Nf = params[0]; *rf = params[1]; *pf = params[2];
+    *Nf = params[0];
+    *rf = params[1];
+    *pf = params[2];
     return true;
 }
diff --git a/ScryptParameters.h b/ScryptParameters.h
index 190842b..edb80cc 100644
--- a/ScryptParameters.h
+++ b/ScryptParameters.h
@@ -23,6 +23,6 @@
 #define SCRYPT_PROP "ro.crypto.scrypt_params"
 #define SCRYPT_DEFAULTS "15:3:1"
 
-bool parse_scrypt_parameters(const char* paramstr, int *Nf, int *rf, int *pf);
+bool parse_scrypt_parameters(const char* paramstr, int* Nf, int* rf, int* pf);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/Utils.cpp b/Utils.cpp
index d578d79..df50658 100644
--- a/Utils.cpp
+++ b/Utils.cpp
@@ -19,32 +19,40 @@
 #include "Process.h"
 #include "sehandle.h"
 
+#include <android-base/chrono_utils.h>
 #include <android-base/file.h>
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 #include <android-base/properties.h>
-#include <android-base/strings.h>
 #include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
+#include <android-base/strings.h>
 #include <android-base/unique_fd.h>
 #include <cutils/fs.h>
 #include <logwrap/logwrap.h>
 #include <private/android_filesystem_config.h>
 
-#include <mutex>
 #include <dirent.h>
 #include <fcntl.h>
 #include <linux/fs.h>
+#include <mntent.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
 #include <sys/mount.h>
-#include <sys/types.h>
 #include <sys/stat.h>
-#include <sys/sysmacros.h>
-#include <sys/wait.h>
 #include <sys/statvfs.h>
+#include <sys/sysmacros.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/wait.h>
+
+#include <list>
+#include <mutex>
+#include <thread>
 
 #ifndef UMOUNT_NOFOLLOW
-#define UMOUNT_NOFOLLOW    0x00000008  /* Don't follow symlink on umount */
+#define UMOUNT_NOFOLLOW 0x00000008 /* Don't follow symlink on umount */
 #endif
 
+using namespace std::chrono_literals;
 using android::base::ReadFileToString;
 using android::base::StringPrintf;
 
@@ -82,8 +90,8 @@
     mode_t mode = 0660 | S_IFBLK;
     if (mknod(cpath, mode, dev) < 0) {
         if (errno != EEXIST) {
-            PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to create device node for " << major(dev)
-                    << ":" << minor(dev) << " at " << path;
+            PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to create device node for " << major(dev) << ":" << minor(dev)
+                        << " at " << path;
             res = -errno;
         }
     }
@@ -186,21 +194,66 @@
 }
 
 status_t BindMount(const std::string& source, const std::string& target) {
-    if (::mount(source.c_str(), target.c_str(), "", MS_BIND, NULL)) {
+    if (UnmountTree(target) < 0) {
+        return -errno;
+    }
+    if (TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(mount(source.c_str(), target.c_str(), nullptr, MS_BIND, nullptr)) < 0) {
         PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to bind mount " << source << " to " << target;
         return -errno;
     }
     return OK;
 }
 
+status_t Symlink(const std::string& target, const std::string& linkpath) {
+    if (Unlink(linkpath) < 0) {
+        return -errno;
+    }
+    if (TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(symlink(target.c_str(), linkpath.c_str())) < 0) {
+        PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to create symlink " << linkpath << " to " << target;
+        return -errno;
+    }
+    return OK;
+}
+
+status_t Unlink(const std::string& linkpath) {
+    if (TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(unlink(linkpath.c_str())) < 0 && errno != EINVAL && errno != ENOENT) {
+        PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to unlink " << linkpath;
+        return -errno;
+    }
+    return OK;
+}
+
+status_t CreateDir(const std::string& dir, mode_t mode) {
+    struct stat sb;
+    if (TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(stat(dir.c_str(), &sb)) == 0) {
+        if (S_ISDIR(sb.st_mode)) {
+            return OK;
+        } else if (TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(unlink(dir.c_str())) == -1) {
+            PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to unlink " << dir;
+            return -errno;
+        }
+    } else if (errno != ENOENT) {
+        PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to stat " << dir;
+        return -errno;
+    }
+    if (TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(mkdir(dir.c_str(), mode)) == -1 && errno != EEXIST) {
+        PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to mkdir " << dir;
+        return -errno;
+    }
+    return OK;
+}
+
 bool FindValue(const std::string& raw, const std::string& key, std::string* value) {
     auto qual = key + "=\"";
-    auto start = raw.find(qual);
-    if (start > 0 && raw[start - 1] != ' ') {
-        start = raw.find(qual, start + 1);
+    size_t start = 0;
+    while (true) {
+        start = raw.find(qual, start);
+        if (start == std::string::npos) return false;
+        if (start == 0 || raw[start - 1] == ' ') {
+            break;
+        }
+        start += 1;
     }
-
-    if (start == std::string::npos) return false;
     start += qual.length();
 
     auto end = raw.find("\"", start);
@@ -210,8 +263,8 @@
     return true;
 }
 
-static status_t readMetadata(const std::string& path, std::string* fsType,
-        std::string* fsUuid, std::string* fsLabel, bool untrusted) {
+static status_t readMetadata(const std::string& path, std::string* fsType, std::string* fsUuid,
+                             std::string* fsLabel, bool untrusted) {
     fsType->clear();
     fsUuid->clear();
     fsLabel->clear();
@@ -229,7 +282,7 @@
     cmd.push_back(path);
 
     std::vector<std::string> output;
-    status_t res = ForkExecvp(cmd, output, untrusted ? sBlkidUntrustedContext : sBlkidContext);
+    status_t res = ForkExecvp(cmd, &output, untrusted ? sBlkidUntrustedContext : sBlkidContext);
     if (res != OK) {
         LOG(WARNING) << "blkid failed to identify " << path;
         return res;
@@ -245,112 +298,102 @@
     return OK;
 }
 
-status_t ReadMetadata(const std::string& path, std::string* fsType,
-        std::string* fsUuid, std::string* fsLabel) {
+status_t ReadMetadata(const std::string& path, std::string* fsType, std::string* fsUuid,
+                      std::string* fsLabel) {
     return readMetadata(path, fsType, fsUuid, fsLabel, false);
 }
 
-status_t ReadMetadataUntrusted(const std::string& path, std::string* fsType,
-        std::string* fsUuid, std::string* fsLabel) {
+status_t ReadMetadataUntrusted(const std::string& path, std::string* fsType, std::string* fsUuid,
+                               std::string* fsLabel) {
     return readMetadata(path, fsType, fsUuid, fsLabel, true);
 }
 
-status_t ForkExecvp(const std::vector<std::string>& args) {
-    return ForkExecvp(args, nullptr);
-}
-
-status_t ForkExecvp(const std::vector<std::string>& args, security_context_t context) {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(kSecurityLock);
-    size_t argc = args.size();
-    char** argv = (char**) calloc(argc, sizeof(char*));
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
-        argv[i] = (char*) args[i].c_str();
-        if (i == 0) {
-            LOG(VERBOSE) << args[i];
+static std::vector<const char*> ConvertToArgv(const std::vector<std::string>& args) {
+    std::vector<const char*> argv;
+    argv.reserve(args.size() + 1);
+    for (const auto& arg : args) {
+        if (argv.empty()) {
+            LOG(DEBUG) << arg;
         } else {
-            LOG(VERBOSE) << "    " << args[i];
+            LOG(DEBUG) << "    " << arg;
         }
+        argv.emplace_back(arg.data());
     }
-
-    if (context) {
-        if (setexeccon(context)) {
-            LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to setexeccon";
-            abort();
-        }
-    }
-    status_t res = android_fork_execvp(argc, argv, NULL, false, true);
-    if (context) {
-        if (setexeccon(nullptr)) {
-            LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to setexeccon";
-            abort();
-        }
-    }
-
-    free(argv);
-    return res;
+    argv.emplace_back(nullptr);
+    return argv;
 }
 
-status_t ForkExecvp(const std::vector<std::string>& args,
-        std::vector<std::string>& output) {
-    return ForkExecvp(args, output, nullptr);
-}
-
-status_t ForkExecvp(const std::vector<std::string>& args,
-        std::vector<std::string>& output, security_context_t context) {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(kSecurityLock);
-    std::string cmd;
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < args.size(); i++) {
-        cmd += args[i] + " ";
-        if (i == 0) {
-            LOG(VERBOSE) << args[i];
-        } else {
-            LOG(VERBOSE) << "    " << args[i];
-        }
-    }
-    output.clear();
-
-    if (context) {
-        if (setexeccon(context)) {
-            LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to setexeccon";
-            abort();
-        }
-    }
-    FILE* fp = popen(cmd.c_str(), "r"); // NOLINT
-    if (context) {
-        if (setexeccon(nullptr)) {
-            LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to setexeccon";
-            abort();
-        }
-    }
-
+static status_t ReadLinesFromFdAndLog(std::vector<std::string>* output,
+                                      android::base::unique_fd ufd) {
+    std::unique_ptr<FILE, int (*)(FILE*)> fp(android::base::Fdopen(std::move(ufd), "r"), fclose);
     if (!fp) {
-        PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to popen " << cmd;
+        PLOG(ERROR) << "fdopen in ReadLinesFromFdAndLog";
         return -errno;
     }
+    if (output) output->clear();
     char line[1024];
-    while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), fp) != nullptr) {
-        LOG(VERBOSE) << line;
-        output.push_back(std::string(line));
+    while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), fp.get()) != nullptr) {
+        LOG(DEBUG) << line;
+        if (output) output->emplace_back(line);
     }
-    if (pclose(fp) != 0) {
-        PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to pclose " << cmd;
+    return OK;
+}
+
+status_t ForkExecvp(const std::vector<std::string>& args, std::vector<std::string>* output,
+                    security_context_t context) {
+    auto argv = ConvertToArgv(args);
+
+    android::base::unique_fd pipe_read, pipe_write;
+    if (!android::base::Pipe(&pipe_read, &pipe_write)) {
+        PLOG(ERROR) << "Pipe in ForkExecvp";
         return -errno;
     }
 
+    pid_t pid = fork();
+    if (pid == 0) {
+        if (context) {
+            if (setexeccon(context)) {
+                LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to setexeccon in ForkExecvp";
+                abort();
+            }
+        }
+        pipe_read.reset();
+        if (dup2(pipe_write.get(), STDOUT_FILENO) == -1) {
+            PLOG(ERROR) << "dup2 in ForkExecvp";
+            _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+        }
+        pipe_write.reset();
+        execvp(argv[0], const_cast<char**>(argv.data()));
+        PLOG(ERROR) << "exec in ForkExecvp";
+        _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+    }
+    if (pid == -1) {
+        PLOG(ERROR) << "fork in ForkExecvp";
+        return -errno;
+    }
+
+    pipe_write.reset();
+    auto st = ReadLinesFromFdAndLog(output, std::move(pipe_read));
+    if (st != 0) return st;
+
+    int status;
+    if (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) == -1) {
+        PLOG(ERROR) << "waitpid in ForkExecvp";
+        return -errno;
+    }
+    if (!WIFEXITED(status)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Process did not exit normally, status: " << status;
+        return -ECHILD;
+    }
+    if (WEXITSTATUS(status)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Process exited with code: " << WEXITSTATUS(status);
+        return WEXITSTATUS(status);
+    }
     return OK;
 }
 
 pid_t ForkExecvpAsync(const std::vector<std::string>& args) {
-    size_t argc = args.size();
-    char** argv = (char**) calloc(argc + 1, sizeof(char*));
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
-        argv[i] = (char*) args[i].c_str();
-        if (i == 0) {
-            LOG(VERBOSE) << args[i];
-        } else {
-            LOG(VERBOSE) << "    " << args[i];
-        }
-    }
+    auto argv = ConvertToArgv(args);
 
     pid_t pid = fork();
     if (pid == 0) {
@@ -358,18 +401,14 @@
         close(STDOUT_FILENO);
         close(STDERR_FILENO);
 
-        if (execvp(argv[0], argv)) {
-            PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to exec";
-        }
-
-        _exit(1);
+        execvp(argv[0], const_cast<char**>(argv.data()));
+        PLOG(ERROR) << "exec in ForkExecvpAsync";
+        _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
     }
-
     if (pid == -1) {
-        PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to exec";
+        PLOG(ERROR) << "fork in ForkExecvpAsync";
+        return -1;
     }
-
-    free(argv);
     return pid;
 }
 
@@ -384,7 +423,7 @@
         return -errno;
     }
 
-    size_t n;
+    ssize_t n;
     while ((n = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(read(fd, &buf[0], bytes))) > 0) {
         bytes -= n;
         buf += n;
@@ -401,10 +440,10 @@
 status_t GenerateRandomUuid(std::string& out) {
     status_t res = ReadRandomBytes(16, out);
     if (res == OK) {
-        out[6] &= 0x0f;  /* clear version        */
-        out[6] |= 0x40;  /* set to version 4     */
-        out[8] &= 0x3f;  /* clear variant        */
-        out[8] |= 0x80;  /* set to IETF variant  */
+        out[6] &= 0x0f; /* clear version        */
+        out[6] |= 0x40; /* set to version 4     */
+        out[8] &= 0x3f; /* clear variant        */
+        out[8] |= 0x80; /* set to IETF variant  */
     }
     return res;
 }
@@ -416,24 +455,26 @@
     for (size_t i = 0; i < hex.size(); i++) {
         int val = 0;
         switch (hex[i]) {
-        case ' ': case '-': case ':': continue;
-        case 'f': case 'F': val = 15; break;
-        case 'e': case 'E': val = 14; break;
-        case 'd': case 'D': val = 13; break;
-        case 'c': case 'C': val = 12; break;
-        case 'b': case 'B': val = 11; break;
-        case 'a': case 'A': val = 10; break;
-        case '9': val = 9; break;
-        case '8': val = 8; break;
-        case '7': val = 7; break;
-        case '6': val = 6; break;
-        case '5': val = 5; break;
-        case '4': val = 4; break;
-        case '3': val = 3; break;
-        case '2': val = 2; break;
-        case '1': val = 1; break;
-        case '0': val = 0; break;
-        default: return -EINVAL;
+            // clang-format off
+            case ' ': case '-': case ':': continue;
+            case 'f': case 'F': val = 15; break;
+            case 'e': case 'E': val = 14; break;
+            case 'd': case 'D': val = 13; break;
+            case 'c': case 'C': val = 12; break;
+            case 'b': case 'B': val = 11; break;
+            case 'a': case 'A': val = 10; break;
+            case '9': val = 9; break;
+            case '8': val = 8; break;
+            case '7': val = 7; break;
+            case '6': val = 6; break;
+            case '5': val = 5; break;
+            case '4': val = 4; break;
+            case '3': val = 3; break;
+            case '2': val = 2; break;
+            case '1': val = 1; break;
+            case '0': val = 0; break;
+            default: return -EINVAL;
+                // clang-format on
         }
 
         if (even) {
@@ -476,10 +517,46 @@
     return StrToHex(tmp, out);
 }
 
+status_t GetBlockDevSize(int fd, uint64_t* size) {
+    if (ioctl(fd, BLKGETSIZE64, size)) {
+        return -errno;
+    }
+
+    return OK;
+}
+
+status_t GetBlockDevSize(const std::string& path, uint64_t* size) {
+    int fd = open(path.c_str(), O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC);
+    status_t res = OK;
+
+    if (fd < 0) {
+        return -errno;
+    }
+
+    res = GetBlockDevSize(fd, size);
+
+    close(fd);
+
+    return res;
+}
+
+status_t GetBlockDev512Sectors(const std::string& path, uint64_t* nr_sec) {
+    uint64_t size;
+    status_t res = GetBlockDevSize(path, &size);
+
+    if (res != OK) {
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    *nr_sec = size / 512;
+
+    return OK;
+}
+
 uint64_t GetFreeBytes(const std::string& path) {
     struct statvfs sb;
     if (statvfs(path.c_str(), &sb) == 0) {
-        return (uint64_t) sb.f_bavail * sb.f_frsize;
+        return (uint64_t)sb.f_bavail * sb.f_frsize;
     } else {
         return -1;
     }
@@ -487,7 +564,7 @@
 
 // TODO: borrowed from frameworks/native/libs/diskusage/ which should
 // eventually be migrated into system/
-static int64_t stat_size(struct stat *s) {
+static int64_t stat_size(struct stat* s) {
     int64_t blksize = s->st_blksize;
     // count actual blocks used instead of nominal file size
     int64_t size = s->st_blocks * 512;
@@ -505,8 +582,8 @@
 int64_t calculate_dir_size(int dfd) {
     int64_t size = 0;
     struct stat s;
-    DIR *d;
-    struct dirent *de;
+    DIR* d;
+    struct dirent* de;
 
     d = fdopendir(dfd);
     if (d == NULL) {
@@ -515,7 +592,7 @@
     }
 
     while ((de = readdir(d))) {
-        const char *name = de->d_name;
+        const char* name = de->d_name;
         if (fstatat(dfd, name, &s, AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW) == 0) {
             size += stat_size(&s);
         }
@@ -524,10 +601,8 @@
 
             /* always skip "." and ".." */
             if (name[0] == '.') {
-                if (name[1] == 0)
-                    continue;
-                if ((name[1] == '.') && (name[2] == 0))
-                    continue;
+                if (name[1] == 0) continue;
+                if ((name[1] == '.') && (name[2] == 0)) continue;
             }
 
             subfd = openat(dfd, name, O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY | O_CLOEXEC);
@@ -546,9 +621,7 @@
         PLOG(WARNING) << "Failed to open " << path;
         return -1;
     } else {
-        uint64_t res = calculate_dir_size(dirfd);
-        close(dirfd);
-        return res;
+        return calculate_dir_size(dirfd);
     }
 }
 
@@ -564,8 +637,7 @@
 status_t WipeBlockDevice(const std::string& path) {
     status_t res = -1;
     const char* c_path = path.c_str();
-    unsigned long nr_sec = 0;
-    unsigned long long range[2];
+    uint64_t range[2] = {0, 0};
 
     int fd = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(open(c_path, O_RDWR | O_CLOEXEC));
     if (fd == -1) {
@@ -573,14 +645,11 @@
         goto done;
     }
 
-    if ((ioctl(fd, BLKGETSIZE, &nr_sec)) == -1) {
+    if (GetBlockDevSize(fd, &range[1]) != OK) {
         PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to determine size of " << path;
         goto done;
     }
 
-    range[0] = 0;
-    range[1] = (unsigned long long) nr_sec * 512;
-
     LOG(INFO) << "About to discard " << range[1] << " on " << path;
     if (ioctl(fd, BLKDISCARD, &range) == 0) {
         LOG(INFO) << "Discard success on " << path;
@@ -595,8 +664,7 @@
 }
 
 static bool isValidFilename(const std::string& name) {
-    if (name.empty() || (name == ".") || (name == "..")
-            || (name.find('/') != std::string::npos)) {
+    if (name.empty() || (name == ".") || (name == "..") || (name.find('/') != std::string::npos)) {
         return false;
     } else {
         return true;
@@ -691,7 +759,7 @@
 }
 
 status_t RestoreconRecursive(const std::string& path) {
-    LOG(VERBOSE) << "Starting restorecon of " << path;
+    LOG(DEBUG) << "Starting restorecon of " << path;
 
     static constexpr const char* kRestoreconString = "selinux.restorecon_recursive";
 
@@ -700,7 +768,7 @@
 
     android::base::WaitForProperty(kRestoreconString, path);
 
-    LOG(VERBOSE) << "Finished restorecon of " << path;
+    LOG(DEBUG) << "Finished restorecon of " << path;
     return OK;
 }
 
@@ -716,8 +784,7 @@
     while (true) {
         ssize_t size = readlinkat(dirfd, path.c_str(), &buf[0], buf.size());
         // Unrecoverable error?
-        if (size == -1)
-            return false;
+        if (size == -1) return false;
         // It fit! (If size == buf.size(), it may have been truncated.)
         if (static_cast<size_t>(size) < buf.size()) {
             result->assign(&buf[0], size);
@@ -732,6 +799,146 @@
     return android::base::GetBoolProperty("ro.kernel.qemu", false);
 }
 
+static status_t findMountPointsWithPrefix(const std::string& prefix,
+                                          std::list<std::string>& mountPoints) {
+    // Add a trailing slash if the client didn't provide one so that we don't match /foo/barbaz
+    // when the prefix is /foo/bar
+    std::string prefixWithSlash(prefix);
+    if (prefix.back() != '/') {
+        android::base::StringAppendF(&prefixWithSlash, "/");
+    }
+
+    std::unique_ptr<FILE, int (*)(FILE*)> mnts(setmntent("/proc/mounts", "re"), endmntent);
+    if (!mnts) {
+        PLOG(ERROR) << "Unable to open /proc/mounts";
+        return -errno;
+    }
+
+    // Some volumes can be stacked on each other, so force unmount in
+    // reverse order to give us the best chance of success.
+    struct mntent* mnt;  // getmntent returns a thread local, so it's safe.
+    while ((mnt = getmntent(mnts.get())) != nullptr) {
+        auto mountPoint = std::string(mnt->mnt_dir) + "/";
+        if (android::base::StartsWith(mountPoint, prefixWithSlash)) {
+            mountPoints.push_front(mountPoint);
+        }
+    }
+    return OK;
+}
+
+// Unmount all mountpoints that start with prefix. prefix itself doesn't need to be a mountpoint.
+status_t UnmountTreeWithPrefix(const std::string& prefix) {
+    std::list<std::string> toUnmount;
+    status_t result = findMountPointsWithPrefix(prefix, toUnmount);
+    if (result < 0) {
+        return result;
+    }
+    for (const auto& path : toUnmount) {
+        if (umount2(path.c_str(), MNT_DETACH)) {
+            PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to unmount " << path;
+            result = -errno;
+        }
+    }
+    return result;
+}
+
+status_t UnmountTree(const std::string& mountPoint) {
+    if (TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(umount2(mountPoint.c_str(), MNT_DETACH)) < 0 && errno != EINVAL &&
+        errno != ENOENT) {
+        PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to unmount " << mountPoint;
+        return -errno;
+    }
+    return OK;
+}
+
+static status_t delete_dir_contents(DIR* dir) {
+    // Shamelessly borrowed from android::installd
+    int dfd = dirfd(dir);
+    if (dfd < 0) {
+        return -errno;
+    }
+
+    status_t result = OK;
+    struct dirent* de;
+    while ((de = readdir(dir))) {
+        const char* name = de->d_name;
+        if (de->d_type == DT_DIR) {
+            /* always skip "." and ".." */
+            if (name[0] == '.') {
+                if (name[1] == 0) continue;
+                if ((name[1] == '.') && (name[2] == 0)) continue;
+            }
+
+            android::base::unique_fd subfd(
+                openat(dfd, name, O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY | O_NOFOLLOW | O_CLOEXEC));
+            if (subfd.get() == -1) {
+                PLOG(ERROR) << "Couldn't openat " << name;
+                result = -errno;
+                continue;
+            }
+            std::unique_ptr<DIR, decltype(&closedir)> subdirp(
+                android::base::Fdopendir(std::move(subfd)), closedir);
+            if (!subdirp) {
+                PLOG(ERROR) << "Couldn't fdopendir " << name;
+                result = -errno;
+                continue;
+            }
+            result = delete_dir_contents(subdirp.get());
+            if (unlinkat(dfd, name, AT_REMOVEDIR) < 0) {
+                PLOG(ERROR) << "Couldn't unlinkat " << name;
+                result = -errno;
+            }
+        } else {
+            if (unlinkat(dfd, name, 0) < 0) {
+                PLOG(ERROR) << "Couldn't unlinkat " << name;
+                result = -errno;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return result;
+}
+
+status_t DeleteDirContentsAndDir(const std::string& pathname) {
+    status_t res = DeleteDirContents(pathname);
+    if (res < 0) {
+        return res;
+    }
+    if (TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(rmdir(pathname.c_str())) < 0 && errno != ENOENT) {
+        PLOG(ERROR) << "rmdir failed on " << pathname;
+        return -errno;
+    }
+    LOG(VERBOSE) << "Success: rmdir on " << pathname;
+    return OK;
+}
+
+status_t DeleteDirContents(const std::string& pathname) {
+    // Shamelessly borrowed from android::installd
+    std::unique_ptr<DIR, decltype(&closedir)> dirp(opendir(pathname.c_str()), closedir);
+    if (!dirp) {
+        if (errno == ENOENT) {
+            return OK;
+        }
+        PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to opendir " << pathname;
+        return -errno;
+    }
+    return delete_dir_contents(dirp.get());
+}
+
+// TODO(118708649): fix duplication with init/util.h
+status_t WaitForFile(const char* filename, std::chrono::nanoseconds timeout) {
+    android::base::Timer t;
+    while (t.duration() < timeout) {
+        struct stat sb;
+        if (stat(filename, &sb) != -1) {
+            LOG(INFO) << "wait for '" << filename << "' took " << t;
+            return 0;
+        }
+        std::this_thread::sleep_for(10ms);
+    }
+    LOG(WARNING) << "wait for '" << filename << "' timed out and took " << t;
+    return -1;
+}
+
 bool FsyncDirectory(const std::string& dirname) {
     android::base::unique_fd fd(TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(open(dirname.c_str(), O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC)));
     if (fd == -1) {
@@ -750,5 +957,32 @@
     return true;
 }
 
+bool writeStringToFile(const std::string& payload, const std::string& filename) {
+    android::base::unique_fd fd(TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(
+        open(filename.c_str(), O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_NOFOLLOW | O_TRUNC | O_CLOEXEC, 0666)));
+    if (fd == -1) {
+        PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to open " << filename;
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (!android::base::WriteStringToFd(payload, fd)) {
+        PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to write to " << filename;
+        unlink(filename.c_str());
+        return false;
+    }
+    // fsync as close won't guarantee flush data
+    // see close(2), fsync(2) and b/68901441
+    if (fsync(fd) == -1) {
+        if (errno == EROFS || errno == EINVAL) {
+            PLOG(WARNING) << "Skip fsync " << filename
+                          << " on a file system does not support synchronization";
+        } else {
+            PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to fsync " << filename;
+            unlink(filename.c_str());
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
 }  // namespace vold
 }  // namespace android
diff --git a/Utils.h b/Utils.h
index 533e17c..af4e401 100644
--- a/Utils.h
+++ b/Utils.h
@@ -20,12 +20,13 @@
 #include "KeyBuffer.h"
 
 #include <android-base/macros.h>
-#include <utils/Errors.h>
 #include <cutils/multiuser.h>
 #include <selinux/selinux.h>
+#include <utils/Errors.h>
 
-#include <vector>
+#include <chrono>
 #include <string>
+#include <vector>
 
 struct DIR;
 
@@ -56,27 +57,37 @@
 /* Creates bind mount from source to target */
 status_t BindMount(const std::string& source, const std::string& target);
 
+/** Creates a symbolic link to target */
+status_t Symlink(const std::string& target, const std::string& linkpath);
+
+/** Calls unlink(2) at linkpath */
+status_t Unlink(const std::string& linkpath);
+
+/** Creates the given directory if it is not already available */
+status_t CreateDir(const std::string& dir, mode_t mode);
+
 bool FindValue(const std::string& raw, const std::string& key, std::string* value);
 
 /* Reads filesystem metadata from device at path */
-status_t ReadMetadata(const std::string& path, std::string* fsType,
-        std::string* fsUuid, std::string* fsLabel);
+status_t ReadMetadata(const std::string& path, std::string* fsType, std::string* fsUuid,
+                      std::string* fsLabel);
 
 /* Reads filesystem metadata from untrusted device at path */
-status_t ReadMetadataUntrusted(const std::string& path, std::string* fsType,
-        std::string* fsUuid, std::string* fsLabel);
+status_t ReadMetadataUntrusted(const std::string& path, std::string* fsType, std::string* fsUuid,
+                               std::string* fsLabel);
 
 /* Returns either WEXITSTATUS() status, or a negative errno */
-status_t ForkExecvp(const std::vector<std::string>& args);
-status_t ForkExecvp(const std::vector<std::string>& args, security_context_t context);
-
-status_t ForkExecvp(const std::vector<std::string>& args,
-        std::vector<std::string>& output);
-status_t ForkExecvp(const std::vector<std::string>& args,
-        std::vector<std::string>& output, security_context_t context);
+status_t ForkExecvp(const std::vector<std::string>& args, std::vector<std::string>* output = nullptr,
+                    security_context_t context = nullptr);
 
 pid_t ForkExecvpAsync(const std::vector<std::string>& args);
 
+/* Gets block device size in bytes */
+status_t GetBlockDevSize(int fd, uint64_t* size);
+status_t GetBlockDevSize(const std::string& path, uint64_t* size);
+/* Gets block device size in 512 byte sectors */
+status_t GetBlockDev512Sectors(const std::string& path, uint64_t* nr_sec);
+
 status_t ReadRandomBytes(size_t bytes, std::string& out);
 status_t ReadRandomBytes(size_t bytes, char* buffer);
 status_t GenerateRandomUuid(std::string& out);
@@ -125,8 +136,17 @@
 /* Checks if Android is running in QEMU */
 bool IsRunningInEmulator();
 
+status_t UnmountTreeWithPrefix(const std::string& prefix);
+status_t UnmountTree(const std::string& mountPoint);
+
+status_t DeleteDirContentsAndDir(const std::string& pathname);
+status_t DeleteDirContents(const std::string& pathname);
+
+status_t WaitForFile(const char* filename, std::chrono::nanoseconds timeout);
+
 bool FsyncDirectory(const std::string& dirname);
 
+bool writeStringToFile(const std::string& payload, const std::string& filename);
 }  // namespace vold
 }  // namespace android
 
diff --git a/VoldNativeService.cpp b/VoldNativeService.cpp
index 81523c6..eb40d84 100644
--- a/VoldNativeService.cpp
+++ b/VoldNativeService.cpp
@@ -24,9 +24,10 @@
 #include "Process.h"
 #include "VolumeManager.h"
 
-#include "cryptfs.h"
-#include "Ext4Crypt.h"
+#include "Checkpoint.h"
+#include "FsCrypt.h"
 #include "MetadataCrypt.h"
+#include "cryptfs.h"
 
 #include <fstream>
 #include <thread>
@@ -34,8 +35,8 @@
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 #include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
 #include <android-base/strings.h>
-#include <ext4_utils/ext4_crypt.h>
 #include <fs_mgr.h>
+#include <fscrypt/fscrypt.h>
 #include <private/android_filesystem_config.h>
 #include <utils/Trace.h>
 
@@ -83,11 +84,11 @@
     uid_t uid;
 
     if (checkCallingPermission(String16(permission), reinterpret_cast<int32_t*>(&pid),
-            reinterpret_cast<int32_t*>(&uid))) {
+                               reinterpret_cast<int32_t*>(&uid))) {
         return ok();
     } else {
         return exception(binder::Status::EX_SECURITY,
-                StringPrintf("UID %d / PID %d lacks permission %s", uid, pid, permission));
+                         StringPrintf("UID %d / PID %d lacks permission %s", uid, pid, permission));
     }
 }
 
@@ -97,7 +98,7 @@
         return ok();
     } else {
         return exception(binder::Status::EX_SECURITY,
-                StringPrintf("UID %d is not expected UID %d", uid, expectedUid));
+                         StringPrintf("UID %d is not expected UID %d", uid, expectedUid));
     }
 }
 
@@ -108,7 +109,7 @@
     for (const char& c : id) {
         if (!std::isalnum(c) && c != ':' && c != ',') {
             return exception(binder::Status::EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT,
-                    StringPrintf("ID %s is malformed", id.c_str()));
+                             StringPrintf("ID %s is malformed", id.c_str()));
         }
     }
     return ok();
@@ -120,16 +121,16 @@
     }
     if (path[0] != '/') {
         return exception(binder::Status::EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT,
-                StringPrintf("Path %s is relative", path.c_str()));
+                         StringPrintf("Path %s is relative", path.c_str()));
     }
     if ((path + '/').find("/../") != std::string::npos) {
         return exception(binder::Status::EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT,
-                StringPrintf("Path %s is shady", path.c_str()));
+                         StringPrintf("Path %s is shady", path.c_str()));
     }
     for (const char& c : path) {
         if (c == '\0' || c == '\n') {
             return exception(binder::Status::EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT,
-                    StringPrintf("Path %s is malformed", path.c_str()));
+                             StringPrintf("Path %s is malformed", path.c_str()));
         }
     }
     return ok();
@@ -140,45 +141,144 @@
     for (const char& c : hex) {
         if (!std::isxdigit(c) && c != ':' && c != '-') {
             return exception(binder::Status::EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT,
-                    StringPrintf("Hex %s is malformed", hex.c_str()));
+                             StringPrintf("Hex %s is malformed", hex.c_str()));
         }
     }
     return ok();
 }
 
-#define ENFORCE_UID(uid) {                                  \
-    binder::Status status = checkUid((uid));                \
-    if (!status.isOk()) {                                   \
-        return status;                                      \
-    }                                                       \
+binder::Status checkArgumentPackageName(const std::string& packageName) {
+    // This logic is borrowed from PackageParser.java
+    bool hasSep = false;
+    bool front = true;
+
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < packageName.length(); ++i) {
+        char c = packageName[i];
+        if ((c >= 'a' && c <= 'z') || (c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z')) {
+            front = false;
+            continue;
+        }
+        if (!front) {
+            if ((c >= '0' && c <= '9') || c == '_') {
+                continue;
+            }
+        }
+        if (c == '.') {
+            hasSep = true;
+            front = true;
+            continue;
+        }
+        return exception(binder::Status::EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT,
+                         StringPrintf("Bad package character %c in %s", c, packageName.c_str()));
+    }
+
+    if (front) {
+        return exception(binder::Status::EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT,
+                         StringPrintf("Missing separator in %s", packageName.c_str()));
+    }
+
+    return ok();
 }
 
-#define CHECK_ARGUMENT_ID(id) {                             \
-    binder::Status status = checkArgumentId((id));          \
-    if (!status.isOk()) {                                   \
-        return status;                                      \
-    }                                                       \
+binder::Status checkArgumentPackageNames(const std::vector<std::string>& packageNames) {
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < packageNames.size(); ++i) {
+        binder::Status status = checkArgumentPackageName(packageNames[i]);
+        if (!status.isOk()) {
+            return status;
+        }
+    }
+    return ok();
 }
 
-#define CHECK_ARGUMENT_PATH(path) {                         \
-    binder::Status status = checkArgumentPath((path));      \
-    if (!status.isOk()) {                                   \
-        return status;                                      \
-    }                                                       \
+binder::Status checkArgumentSandboxId(const std::string& sandboxId) {
+    // sandboxId will be in either the format shared-<shared-user-id> or <package-name>
+    // and <shared-user-id> name has same requirements as <package-name>.
+    std::size_t nameStartIndex = 0;
+    if (android::base::StartsWith(sandboxId, "shared-")) {
+        nameStartIndex = 7;  // len("shared-")
+    }
+    return checkArgumentPackageName(sandboxId.substr(nameStartIndex));
 }
 
-#define CHECK_ARGUMENT_HEX(hex) {                           \
-    binder::Status status = checkArgumentHex((hex));        \
-    if (!status.isOk()) {                                   \
-        return status;                                      \
-    }                                                       \
+binder::Status checkArgumentSandboxIds(const std::vector<std::string>& sandboxIds) {
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < sandboxIds.size(); ++i) {
+        binder::Status status = checkArgumentSandboxId(sandboxIds[i]);
+        if (!status.isOk()) {
+            return status;
+        }
+    }
+    return ok();
 }
 
-#define ACQUIRE_LOCK \
+#define ENFORCE_UID(uid)                         \
+    {                                            \
+        binder::Status status = checkUid((uid)); \
+        if (!status.isOk()) {                    \
+            return status;                       \
+        }                                        \
+    }
+
+#define CHECK_ARGUMENT_ID(id)                          \
+    {                                                  \
+        binder::Status status = checkArgumentId((id)); \
+        if (!status.isOk()) {                          \
+            return status;                             \
+        }                                              \
+    }
+
+#define CHECK_ARGUMENT_PATH(path)                          \
+    {                                                      \
+        binder::Status status = checkArgumentPath((path)); \
+        if (!status.isOk()) {                              \
+            return status;                                 \
+        }                                                  \
+    }
+
+#define CHECK_ARGUMENT_HEX(hex)                          \
+    {                                                    \
+        binder::Status status = checkArgumentHex((hex)); \
+        if (!status.isOk()) {                            \
+            return status;                               \
+        }                                                \
+    }
+
+#define CHECK_ARGUMENT_PACKAGE_NAMES(packageNames)                         \
+    {                                                                      \
+        binder::Status status = checkArgumentPackageNames((packageNames)); \
+        if (!status.isOk()) {                                              \
+            return status;                                                 \
+        }                                                                  \
+    }
+
+#define CHECK_ARGUMENT_SANDBOX_IDS(sandboxIds)                         \
+    {                                                                  \
+        binder::Status status = checkArgumentSandboxIds((sandboxIds)); \
+        if (!status.isOk()) {                                          \
+            return status;                                             \
+        }                                                              \
+    }
+
+#define CHECK_ARGUMENT_PACKAGE_NAME(packageName)                         \
+    {                                                                    \
+        binder::Status status = checkArgumentPackageName((packageName)); \
+        if (!status.isOk()) {                                            \
+            return status;                                               \
+        }                                                                \
+    }
+
+#define CHECK_ARGUMENT_SANDBOX_ID(sandboxId)                         \
+    {                                                                \
+        binder::Status status = checkArgumentSandboxId((sandboxId)); \
+        if (!status.isOk()) {                                        \
+            return status;                                           \
+        }                                                            \
+    }
+
+#define ACQUIRE_LOCK                                                        \
     std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(VolumeManager::Instance()->getLock()); \
     ATRACE_CALL();
 
-#define ACQUIRE_CRYPT_LOCK \
+#define ACQUIRE_CRYPT_LOCK                                                       \
     std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(VolumeManager::Instance()->getCryptLock()); \
     ATRACE_CALL();
 
@@ -196,7 +296,7 @@
     return android::OK;
 }
 
-status_t VoldNativeService::dump(int fd, const Vector<String16> & /* args */) {
+status_t VoldNativeService::dump(int fd, const Vector<String16>& /* args */) {
     auto out = std::fstream(StringPrintf("/proc/self/fd/%d", fd));
     const binder::Status dump_permission = checkPermission(kDump);
     if (!dump_permission.isOk()) {
@@ -211,7 +311,7 @@
 }
 
 binder::Status VoldNativeService::setListener(
-        const android::sp<android::os::IVoldListener>& listener) {
+    const android::sp<android::os::IVoldListener>& listener) {
     ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
     ACQUIRE_LOCK;
 
@@ -223,12 +323,8 @@
     ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
 
     // Simply acquire/release each lock for watchdog
-    {
-        ACQUIRE_LOCK;
-    }
-    {
-        ACQUIRE_CRYPT_LOCK;
-    }
+    { ACQUIRE_LOCK; }
+    { ACQUIRE_CRYPT_LOCK; }
 
     return ok();
 }
@@ -261,11 +357,17 @@
     return translate(VolumeManager::Instance()->onUserRemoved(userId));
 }
 
-binder::Status VoldNativeService::onUserStarted(int32_t userId) {
+binder::Status VoldNativeService::onUserStarted(int32_t userId,
+                                                const std::vector<std::string>& packageNames,
+                                                const std::vector<int>& appIds,
+                                                const std::vector<std::string>& sandboxIds) {
     ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
+    CHECK_ARGUMENT_PACKAGE_NAMES(packageNames);
+    CHECK_ARGUMENT_SANDBOX_IDS(sandboxIds);
     ACQUIRE_LOCK;
 
-    return translate(VolumeManager::Instance()->onUserStarted(userId));
+    return translate(
+        VolumeManager::Instance()->onUserStarted(userId, packageNames, appIds, sandboxIds));
 }
 
 binder::Status VoldNativeService::onUserStopped(int32_t userId) {
@@ -275,6 +377,24 @@
     return translate(VolumeManager::Instance()->onUserStopped(userId));
 }
 
+binder::Status VoldNativeService::addAppIds(const std::vector<std::string>& packageNames,
+                                            const std::vector<int32_t>& appIds) {
+    ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
+    CHECK_ARGUMENT_PACKAGE_NAMES(packageNames);
+    ACQUIRE_LOCK;
+
+    return translate(VolumeManager::Instance()->addAppIds(packageNames, appIds));
+}
+
+binder::Status VoldNativeService::addSandboxIds(const std::vector<int32_t>& appIds,
+                                                const std::vector<std::string>& sandboxIds) {
+    ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
+    CHECK_ARGUMENT_SANDBOX_IDS(sandboxIds);
+    ACQUIRE_LOCK;
+
+    return translate(VolumeManager::Instance()->addSandboxIds(appIds, sandboxIds));
+}
+
 binder::Status VoldNativeService::onSecureKeyguardStateChanged(bool isShowing) {
     ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
     ACQUIRE_LOCK;
@@ -283,7 +403,7 @@
 }
 
 binder::Status VoldNativeService::partition(const std::string& diskId, int32_t partitionType,
-        int32_t ratio) {
+                                            int32_t ratio) {
     ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
     CHECK_ARGUMENT_ID(diskId);
     ACQUIRE_LOCK;
@@ -293,15 +413,19 @@
         return error("Failed to find disk " + diskId);
     }
     switch (partitionType) {
-    case PARTITION_TYPE_PUBLIC: return translate(disk->partitionPublic());
-    case PARTITION_TYPE_PRIVATE: return translate(disk->partitionPrivate());
-    case PARTITION_TYPE_MIXED: return translate(disk->partitionMixed(ratio));
-    default: return error("Unknown type " + std::to_string(partitionType));
+        case PARTITION_TYPE_PUBLIC:
+            return translate(disk->partitionPublic());
+        case PARTITION_TYPE_PRIVATE:
+            return translate(disk->partitionPrivate());
+        case PARTITION_TYPE_MIXED:
+            return translate(disk->partitionMixed(ratio));
+        default:
+            return error("Unknown type " + std::to_string(partitionType));
     }
 }
 
 binder::Status VoldNativeService::forgetPartition(const std::string& partGuid,
-        const std::string& fsUuid) {
+                                                  const std::string& fsUuid) {
     ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
     CHECK_ARGUMENT_HEX(partGuid);
     CHECK_ARGUMENT_HEX(fsUuid);
@@ -311,7 +435,7 @@
 }
 
 binder::Status VoldNativeService::mount(const std::string& volId, int32_t mountFlags,
-        int32_t mountUserId) {
+                                        int32_t mountUserId) {
     ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
     CHECK_ARGUMENT_ID(volId);
     ACQUIRE_LOCK;
@@ -325,10 +449,16 @@
     vol->setMountUserId(mountUserId);
 
     int res = vol->mount();
-    if ((mountFlags & MOUNT_FLAG_PRIMARY) != 0) {
-        VolumeManager::Instance()->setPrimary(vol);
+    if (res != OK) {
+        return translate(res);
     }
-    return translate(res);
+    if ((mountFlags & MOUNT_FLAG_PRIMARY) != 0) {
+        res = VolumeManager::Instance()->setPrimary(vol);
+        if (res != OK) {
+            return translate(res);
+        }
+    }
+    return translate(OK);
 }
 
 binder::Status VoldNativeService::unmount(const std::string& volId) {
@@ -387,9 +517,7 @@
     auto status = pathForVolId(volId, &path);
     if (!status.isOk()) return status;
 
-    std::thread([=]() {
-        android::vold::Benchmark(path, listener);
-    }).detach();
+    std::thread([=]() { android::vold::Benchmark(path, listener); }).detach();
     return ok();
 }
 
@@ -404,8 +532,9 @@
     return translate(android::vold::CheckEncryption(path));
 }
 
-binder::Status VoldNativeService::moveStorage(const std::string& fromVolId,
-        const std::string& toVolId, const android::sp<android::os::IVoldTaskListener>& listener) {
+binder::Status VoldNativeService::moveStorage(
+    const std::string& fromVolId, const std::string& toVolId,
+    const android::sp<android::os::IVoldTaskListener>& listener) {
     ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
     CHECK_ARGUMENT_ID(fromVolId);
     CHECK_ARGUMENT_ID(toVolId);
@@ -419,9 +548,7 @@
         return error("Failed to find volume " + toVolId);
     }
 
-    std::thread([=]() {
-        android::vold::MoveStorage(fromVol, toVol, listener);
-    }).detach();
+    std::thread([=]() { android::vold::MoveStorage(fromVol, toVol, listener); }).detach();
     return ok();
 }
 
@@ -429,15 +556,7 @@
     ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
     ACQUIRE_LOCK;
 
-    std::string tmp;
-    switch (remountMode) {
-    case REMOUNT_MODE_NONE: tmp = "none"; break;
-    case REMOUNT_MODE_DEFAULT: tmp = "default"; break;
-    case REMOUNT_MODE_READ: tmp = "read"; break;
-    case REMOUNT_MODE_WRITE: tmp = "write"; break;
-    default: return error("Unknown mode " + std::to_string(remountMode));
-    }
-    return translate(VolumeManager::Instance()->remountUid(uid, tmp));
+    return translate(VolumeManager::Instance()->remountUid(uid, remountMode));
 }
 
 binder::Status VoldNativeService::mkdirs(const std::string& path) {
@@ -449,14 +568,15 @@
 }
 
 binder::Status VoldNativeService::createObb(const std::string& sourcePath,
-        const std::string& sourceKey, int32_t ownerGid, std::string* _aidl_return) {
+                                            const std::string& sourceKey, int32_t ownerGid,
+                                            std::string* _aidl_return) {
     ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
     CHECK_ARGUMENT_PATH(sourcePath);
     CHECK_ARGUMENT_HEX(sourceKey);
     ACQUIRE_LOCK;
 
     return translate(
-            VolumeManager::Instance()->createObb(sourcePath, sourceKey, ownerGid, _aidl_return));
+        VolumeManager::Instance()->createObb(sourcePath, sourceKey, ownerGid, _aidl_return));
 }
 
 binder::Status VoldNativeService::destroyObb(const std::string& volId) {
@@ -467,52 +587,86 @@
     return translate(VolumeManager::Instance()->destroyObb(volId));
 }
 
-binder::Status VoldNativeService::fstrim(int32_t fstrimFlags,
-        const android::sp<android::os::IVoldTaskListener>& listener) {
+binder::Status VoldNativeService::createStubVolume(
+    const std::string& sourcePath, const std::string& mountPath, const std::string& fsType,
+    const std::string& fsUuid, const std::string& fsLabel, std::string* _aidl_return) {
+    ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
+    CHECK_ARGUMENT_PATH(sourcePath);
+    CHECK_ARGUMENT_PATH(mountPath);
+    CHECK_ARGUMENT_HEX(fsUuid);
+    // Label limitation seems to be different between fs (including allowed characters), so checking
+    // is quite meaningless.
+    ACQUIRE_LOCK;
+
+    return translate(VolumeManager::Instance()->createStubVolume(sourcePath, mountPath, fsType,
+                                                                 fsUuid, fsLabel, _aidl_return));
+}
+
+binder::Status VoldNativeService::destroyStubVolume(const std::string& volId) {
+    ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
+    CHECK_ARGUMENT_ID(volId);
+    ACQUIRE_LOCK;
+
+    return translate(VolumeManager::Instance()->destroyStubVolume(volId));
+}
+
+binder::Status VoldNativeService::fstrim(
+    int32_t fstrimFlags, const android::sp<android::os::IVoldTaskListener>& listener) {
     ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
     ACQUIRE_LOCK;
 
-    std::thread([=]() {
-        android::vold::Trim(listener);
-    }).detach();
+    std::thread([=]() { android::vold::Trim(listener); }).detach();
     return ok();
 }
 
 binder::Status VoldNativeService::runIdleMaint(
-        const android::sp<android::os::IVoldTaskListener>& listener) {
+    const android::sp<android::os::IVoldTaskListener>& listener) {
     ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
     ACQUIRE_LOCK;
 
-    std::thread([=]() {
-        android::vold::RunIdleMaint(listener);
-    }).detach();
+    std::thread([=]() { android::vold::RunIdleMaint(listener); }).detach();
     return ok();
 }
 
 binder::Status VoldNativeService::abortIdleMaint(
-        const android::sp<android::os::IVoldTaskListener>& listener) {
+    const android::sp<android::os::IVoldTaskListener>& listener) {
     ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
     ACQUIRE_LOCK;
 
-    std::thread([=]() {
-        android::vold::AbortIdleMaint(listener);
-    }).detach();
+    std::thread([=]() { android::vold::AbortIdleMaint(listener); }).detach();
     return ok();
 }
 
-binder::Status VoldNativeService::mountAppFuse(int32_t uid, int32_t pid, int32_t mountId,
-        android::base::unique_fd* _aidl_return) {
+binder::Status VoldNativeService::mountAppFuse(int32_t uid, int32_t mountId,
+                                               android::base::unique_fd* _aidl_return) {
     ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
     ACQUIRE_LOCK;
 
-    return translate(VolumeManager::Instance()->mountAppFuse(uid, pid, mountId, _aidl_return));
+    return translate(VolumeManager::Instance()->mountAppFuse(uid, mountId, _aidl_return));
 }
 
-binder::Status VoldNativeService::unmountAppFuse(int32_t uid, int32_t pid, int32_t mountId) {
+binder::Status VoldNativeService::unmountAppFuse(int32_t uid, int32_t mountId) {
     ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
     ACQUIRE_LOCK;
 
-    return translate(VolumeManager::Instance()->unmountAppFuse(uid, pid, mountId));
+    return translate(VolumeManager::Instance()->unmountAppFuse(uid, mountId));
+}
+
+binder::Status VoldNativeService::openAppFuseFile(int32_t uid, int32_t mountId, int32_t fileId,
+                                                  int32_t flags,
+                                                  android::base::unique_fd* _aidl_return) {
+    ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
+    ACQUIRE_LOCK;
+
+    int fd = VolumeManager::Instance()->openAppFuseFile(uid, mountId, fileId, flags);
+    if (fd == -1) {
+        return error("Failed to open AppFuse file for uid: " + std::to_string(uid) +
+                     " mountId: " + std::to_string(mountId) + " fileId: " + std::to_string(fileId) +
+                     " flags: " + std::to_string(flags));
+    }
+
+    *_aidl_return = android::base::unique_fd(fd);
+    return ok();
 }
 
 binder::Status VoldNativeService::fdeCheckPassword(const std::string& password) {
@@ -541,7 +695,7 @@
 }
 
 static int fdeEnableInternal(int32_t passwordType, const std::string& password,
-        int32_t encryptionFlags) {
+                             int32_t encryptionFlags) {
     bool noUi = (encryptionFlags & VoldNativeService::ENCRYPTION_FLAG_NO_UI) != 0;
 
     for (int tries = 0; tries < 2; ++tries) {
@@ -562,17 +716,17 @@
     return -1;
 }
 
-binder::Status VoldNativeService::fdeEnable(int32_t passwordType,
-        const std::string& password, int32_t encryptionFlags) {
+binder::Status VoldNativeService::fdeEnable(int32_t passwordType, const std::string& password,
+                                            int32_t encryptionFlags) {
     ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
     ACQUIRE_CRYPT_LOCK;
 
     LOG(DEBUG) << "fdeEnable(" << passwordType << ", *, " << encryptionFlags << ")";
-    if (e4crypt_is_native()) {
-        LOG(ERROR) << "e4crypt_is_native, fdeEnable invalid";
-        return error("e4crypt_is_native, fdeEnable invalid");
+    if (fscrypt_is_native()) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "fscrypt_is_native, fdeEnable invalid";
+        return error("fscrypt_is_native, fdeEnable invalid");
     }
-    LOG(DEBUG) << "!e4crypt_is_native, spawning fdeEnableInternal";
+    LOG(DEBUG) << "!fscrypt_is_native, spawning fdeEnableInternal";
 
     // Spawn as thread so init can issue commands back to vold without
     // causing deadlock, usually as a result of prep_data_fs.
@@ -581,7 +735,7 @@
 }
 
 binder::Status VoldNativeService::fdeChangePassword(int32_t passwordType,
-        const std::string& password) {
+                                                    const std::string& password) {
     ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
     ACQUIRE_CRYPT_LOCK;
 
@@ -595,8 +749,7 @@
     return translate(cryptfs_verify_passwd(password.c_str()));
 }
 
-binder::Status VoldNativeService::fdeGetField(const std::string& key,
-        std::string* _aidl_return) {
+binder::Status VoldNativeService::fdeGetField(const std::string& key, std::string* _aidl_return) {
     ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
     ACQUIRE_CRYPT_LOCK;
 
@@ -609,8 +762,7 @@
     }
 }
 
-binder::Status VoldNativeService::fdeSetField(const std::string& key,
-        const std::string& value) {
+binder::Status VoldNativeService::fdeSetField(const std::string& key, const std::string& value) {
     ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
     ACQUIRE_CRYPT_LOCK;
 
@@ -648,14 +800,14 @@
     ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
     ACQUIRE_CRYPT_LOCK;
 
-    return translateBool(e4crypt_initialize_global_de());
+    return translateBool(fscrypt_initialize_global_de());
 }
 
 binder::Status VoldNativeService::mountDefaultEncrypted() {
     ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
     ACQUIRE_CRYPT_LOCK;
 
-    if (!e4crypt_is_native()) {
+    if (!fscrypt_is_native()) {
         // Spawn as thread so init can issue commands back to vold without
         // causing deadlock, usually as a result of prep_data_fs.
         std::thread(&cryptfs_mount_default_encrypted).detach();
@@ -667,7 +819,7 @@
     ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
     ACQUIRE_CRYPT_LOCK;
 
-    return translateBool(e4crypt_init_user0());
+    return translateBool(fscrypt_init_user0());
 }
 
 binder::Status VoldNativeService::isConvertibleToFbe(bool* _aidl_return) {
@@ -682,81 +834,196 @@
     ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
     ACQUIRE_LOCK;
 
-    return translateBool(e4crypt_mount_metadata_encrypted(mountPoint, false));
+    return translateBool(fscrypt_mount_metadata_encrypted(mountPoint, false));
 }
 
 binder::Status VoldNativeService::encryptFstab(const std::string& mountPoint) {
     ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
     ACQUIRE_LOCK;
 
-    return translateBool(e4crypt_mount_metadata_encrypted(mountPoint, true));
+    return translateBool(fscrypt_mount_metadata_encrypted(mountPoint, true));
 }
 
-binder::Status VoldNativeService::createUserKey(int32_t userId, int32_t userSerial,
-        bool ephemeral) {
+binder::Status VoldNativeService::createUserKey(int32_t userId, int32_t userSerial, bool ephemeral) {
     ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
     ACQUIRE_CRYPT_LOCK;
 
-    return translateBool(e4crypt_vold_create_user_key(userId, userSerial, ephemeral));
+    return translateBool(fscrypt_vold_create_user_key(userId, userSerial, ephemeral));
 }
 
 binder::Status VoldNativeService::destroyUserKey(int32_t userId) {
     ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
     ACQUIRE_CRYPT_LOCK;
 
-    return translateBool(e4crypt_destroy_user_key(userId));
+    return translateBool(fscrypt_destroy_user_key(userId));
 }
 
 binder::Status VoldNativeService::addUserKeyAuth(int32_t userId, int32_t userSerial,
-        const std::string& token, const std::string& secret) {
+                                                 const std::string& token,
+                                                 const std::string& secret) {
     ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
     ACQUIRE_CRYPT_LOCK;
 
-    return translateBool(e4crypt_add_user_key_auth(userId, userSerial, token, secret));
+    return translateBool(fscrypt_add_user_key_auth(userId, userSerial, token, secret));
 }
 
 binder::Status VoldNativeService::fixateNewestUserKeyAuth(int32_t userId) {
     ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
     ACQUIRE_CRYPT_LOCK;
 
-    return translateBool(e4crypt_fixate_newest_user_key_auth(userId));
+    return translateBool(fscrypt_fixate_newest_user_key_auth(userId));
 }
 
 binder::Status VoldNativeService::unlockUserKey(int32_t userId, int32_t userSerial,
-        const std::string& token, const std::string& secret) {
+                                                const std::string& token,
+                                                const std::string& secret) {
     ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
     ACQUIRE_CRYPT_LOCK;
 
-    return translateBool(e4crypt_unlock_user_key(userId, userSerial, token, secret));
+    return translateBool(fscrypt_unlock_user_key(userId, userSerial, token, secret));
 }
 
 binder::Status VoldNativeService::lockUserKey(int32_t userId) {
     ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
     ACQUIRE_CRYPT_LOCK;
 
-    return translateBool(e4crypt_lock_user_key(userId));
+    return translateBool(fscrypt_lock_user_key(userId));
 }
 
 binder::Status VoldNativeService::prepareUserStorage(const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& uuid,
-        int32_t userId, int32_t userSerial, int32_t flags) {
+                                                     int32_t userId, int32_t userSerial,
+                                                     int32_t flags) {
     ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
     std::string empty_string = "";
     auto uuid_ = uuid ? *uuid : empty_string;
     CHECK_ARGUMENT_HEX(uuid_);
 
     ACQUIRE_CRYPT_LOCK;
-    return translateBool(e4crypt_prepare_user_storage(uuid_, userId, userSerial, flags));
+    return translateBool(fscrypt_prepare_user_storage(uuid_, userId, userSerial, flags));
 }
 
 binder::Status VoldNativeService::destroyUserStorage(const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& uuid,
-        int32_t userId, int32_t flags) {
+                                                     int32_t userId, int32_t flags) {
     ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
     std::string empty_string = "";
     auto uuid_ = uuid ? *uuid : empty_string;
     CHECK_ARGUMENT_HEX(uuid_);
 
     ACQUIRE_CRYPT_LOCK;
-    return translateBool(e4crypt_destroy_user_storage(uuid_, userId, flags));
+    return translateBool(fscrypt_destroy_user_storage(uuid_, userId, flags));
+}
+
+binder::Status VoldNativeService::prepareSandboxForApp(const std::string& packageName,
+                                                       int32_t appId, const std::string& sandboxId,
+                                                       int32_t userId) {
+    ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
+    CHECK_ARGUMENT_PACKAGE_NAME(packageName);
+    CHECK_ARGUMENT_SANDBOX_ID(sandboxId);
+    ACQUIRE_LOCK;
+
+    return translate(
+        VolumeManager::Instance()->prepareSandboxForApp(packageName, appId, sandboxId, userId));
+}
+
+binder::Status VoldNativeService::destroySandboxForApp(const std::string& packageName,
+                                                       const std::string& sandboxId,
+                                                       int32_t userId) {
+    ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
+    CHECK_ARGUMENT_PACKAGE_NAME(packageName);
+    CHECK_ARGUMENT_SANDBOX_ID(sandboxId);
+    ACQUIRE_LOCK;
+
+    return translate(
+        VolumeManager::Instance()->destroySandboxForApp(packageName, sandboxId, userId));
+}
+
+binder::Status VoldNativeService::startCheckpoint(int32_t retry) {
+    ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
+    ACQUIRE_LOCK;
+
+    return cp_startCheckpoint(retry);
+}
+
+binder::Status VoldNativeService::needsRollback(bool* _aidl_return) {
+    ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
+    ACQUIRE_LOCK;
+
+    *_aidl_return = cp_needsRollback();
+    return ok();
+}
+
+binder::Status VoldNativeService::needsCheckpoint(bool* _aidl_return) {
+    ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
+    ACQUIRE_LOCK;
+
+    *_aidl_return = cp_needsCheckpoint();
+    return ok();
+}
+
+binder::Status VoldNativeService::commitChanges() {
+    ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
+    ACQUIRE_LOCK;
+
+    return cp_commitChanges();
+}
+
+binder::Status VoldNativeService::prepareCheckpoint() {
+    ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
+    ACQUIRE_LOCK;
+
+    return cp_prepareCheckpoint();
+}
+
+binder::Status VoldNativeService::restoreCheckpoint(const std::string& mountPoint) {
+    ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
+    CHECK_ARGUMENT_PATH(mountPoint);
+    ACQUIRE_LOCK;
+
+    return cp_restoreCheckpoint(mountPoint);
+}
+
+binder::Status VoldNativeService::restoreCheckpointPart(const std::string& mountPoint, int count) {
+    ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
+    CHECK_ARGUMENT_PATH(mountPoint);
+    ACQUIRE_LOCK;
+
+    return cp_restoreCheckpoint(mountPoint, count);
+}
+
+binder::Status VoldNativeService::markBootAttempt() {
+    ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
+    ACQUIRE_LOCK;
+
+    return cp_markBootAttempt();
+}
+
+binder::Status VoldNativeService::abortChanges(const std::string& message, bool retry) {
+    ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
+    ACQUIRE_LOCK;
+
+    cp_abortChanges(message, retry);
+    return ok();
+}
+
+binder::Status VoldNativeService::supportsCheckpoint(bool* _aidl_return) {
+    ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
+    ACQUIRE_LOCK;
+
+    return cp_supportsCheckpoint(*_aidl_return);
+}
+
+binder::Status VoldNativeService::supportsBlockCheckpoint(bool* _aidl_return) {
+    ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
+    ACQUIRE_LOCK;
+
+    return cp_supportsBlockCheckpoint(*_aidl_return);
+}
+
+binder::Status VoldNativeService::supportsFileCheckpoint(bool* _aidl_return) {
+    ENFORCE_UID(AID_SYSTEM);
+    ACQUIRE_LOCK;
+
+    return cp_supportsFileCheckpoint(*_aidl_return);
 }
 
 }  // namespace vold
diff --git a/VoldNativeService.h b/VoldNativeService.h
index 2e90101..3f5ae83 100644
--- a/VoldNativeService.h
+++ b/VoldNativeService.h
@@ -26,10 +26,10 @@
 namespace vold {
 
 class VoldNativeService : public BinderService<VoldNativeService>, public os::BnVold {
-public:
+  public:
     static status_t start();
     static char const* getServiceName() { return "vold"; }
-    virtual status_t dump(int fd, const Vector<String16> &args) override;
+    virtual status_t dump(int fd, const Vector<String16>& args) override;
 
     binder::Status setListener(const android::sp<android::os::IVoldListener>& listener);
 
@@ -39,9 +39,16 @@
 
     binder::Status onUserAdded(int32_t userId, int32_t userSerial);
     binder::Status onUserRemoved(int32_t userId);
-    binder::Status onUserStarted(int32_t userId);
+    binder::Status onUserStarted(int32_t userId, const std::vector<std::string>& packageNames,
+                                 const std::vector<int>& appIds,
+                                 const std::vector<std::string>& sandboxIds);
     binder::Status onUserStopped(int32_t userId);
 
+    binder::Status addAppIds(const std::vector<std::string>& packageNames,
+                             const std::vector<int32_t>& appIds);
+    binder::Status addSandboxIds(const std::vector<int32_t>& appIds,
+                                 const std::vector<std::string>& sandboxIds);
+
     binder::Status onSecureKeyguardStateChanged(bool isShowing);
 
     binder::Status partition(const std::string& diskId, int32_t partitionType, int32_t ratio);
@@ -51,38 +58,42 @@
     binder::Status unmount(const std::string& volId);
     binder::Status format(const std::string& volId, const std::string& fsType);
     binder::Status benchmark(const std::string& volId,
-            const android::sp<android::os::IVoldTaskListener>& listener);
+                             const android::sp<android::os::IVoldTaskListener>& listener);
     binder::Status checkEncryption(const std::string& volId);
 
     binder::Status moveStorage(const std::string& fromVolId, const std::string& toVolId,
-            const android::sp<android::os::IVoldTaskListener>& listener);
+                               const android::sp<android::os::IVoldTaskListener>& listener);
 
     binder::Status remountUid(int32_t uid, int32_t remountMode);
 
     binder::Status mkdirs(const std::string& path);
 
     binder::Status createObb(const std::string& sourcePath, const std::string& sourceKey,
-            int32_t ownerGid, std::string* _aidl_return);
+                             int32_t ownerGid, std::string* _aidl_return);
     binder::Status destroyObb(const std::string& volId);
 
-    binder::Status fstrim(int32_t fstrimFlags,
-            const android::sp<android::os::IVoldTaskListener>& listener);
-    binder::Status runIdleMaint(
-            const android::sp<android::os::IVoldTaskListener>& listener);
-    binder::Status abortIdleMaint(
-            const android::sp<android::os::IVoldTaskListener>& listener);
+    binder::Status createStubVolume(const std::string& sourcePath, const std::string& mountPath,
+                                    const std::string& fsType, const std::string& fsUuid,
+                                    const std::string& fsLabel, std::string* _aidl_return);
+    binder::Status destroyStubVolume(const std::string& volId);
 
-    binder::Status mountAppFuse(int32_t uid, int32_t pid, int32_t mountId,
-            android::base::unique_fd* _aidl_return);
-    binder::Status unmountAppFuse(int32_t uid, int32_t pid, int32_t mountId);
+    binder::Status fstrim(int32_t fstrimFlags,
+                          const android::sp<android::os::IVoldTaskListener>& listener);
+    binder::Status runIdleMaint(const android::sp<android::os::IVoldTaskListener>& listener);
+    binder::Status abortIdleMaint(const android::sp<android::os::IVoldTaskListener>& listener);
+
+    binder::Status mountAppFuse(int32_t uid, int32_t mountId,
+                                android::base::unique_fd* _aidl_return);
+    binder::Status unmountAppFuse(int32_t uid, int32_t mountId);
+    binder::Status openAppFuseFile(int32_t uid, int32_t mountId, int32_t fileId, int32_t flags,
+                                   android::base::unique_fd* _aidl_return);
 
     binder::Status fdeCheckPassword(const std::string& password);
     binder::Status fdeRestart();
     binder::Status fdeComplete(int32_t* _aidl_return);
-    binder::Status fdeEnable(int32_t passwordType,
-            const std::string& password, int32_t encryptionFlags);
-    binder::Status fdeChangePassword(int32_t passwordType,
-            const std::string& password);
+    binder::Status fdeEnable(int32_t passwordType, const std::string& password,
+                             int32_t encryptionFlags);
+    binder::Status fdeChangePassword(int32_t passwordType, const std::string& password);
     binder::Status fdeVerifyPassword(const std::string& password);
     binder::Status fdeGetField(const std::string& key, std::string* _aidl_return);
     binder::Status fdeSetField(const std::string& key, const std::string& value);
@@ -101,18 +112,36 @@
     binder::Status createUserKey(int32_t userId, int32_t userSerial, bool ephemeral);
     binder::Status destroyUserKey(int32_t userId);
 
-    binder::Status addUserKeyAuth(int32_t userId, int32_t userSerial,
-            const std::string& token, const std::string& secret);
+    binder::Status addUserKeyAuth(int32_t userId, int32_t userSerial, const std::string& token,
+                                  const std::string& secret);
     binder::Status fixateNewestUserKeyAuth(int32_t userId);
 
-    binder::Status unlockUserKey(int32_t userId, int32_t userSerial,
-            const std::string& token, const std::string& secret);
+    binder::Status unlockUserKey(int32_t userId, int32_t userSerial, const std::string& token,
+                                 const std::string& secret);
     binder::Status lockUserKey(int32_t userId);
 
-    binder::Status prepareUserStorage(const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& uuid,
-            int32_t userId, int32_t userSerial, int32_t flags);
-    binder::Status destroyUserStorage(const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& uuid,
-            int32_t userId, int32_t flags);
+    binder::Status prepareUserStorage(const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& uuid, int32_t userId,
+                                      int32_t userSerial, int32_t flags);
+    binder::Status destroyUserStorage(const std::unique_ptr<std::string>& uuid, int32_t userId,
+                                      int32_t flags);
+
+    binder::Status prepareSandboxForApp(const std::string& packageName, int32_t appId,
+                                        const std::string& sandboxId, int32_t userId);
+    binder::Status destroySandboxForApp(const std::string& packageName,
+                                        const std::string& sandboxId, int32_t userId);
+
+    binder::Status startCheckpoint(int32_t retry);
+    binder::Status needsCheckpoint(bool* _aidl_return);
+    binder::Status needsRollback(bool* _aidl_return);
+    binder::Status commitChanges();
+    binder::Status prepareCheckpoint();
+    binder::Status restoreCheckpoint(const std::string& mountPoint);
+    binder::Status restoreCheckpointPart(const std::string& mountPoint, int count);
+    binder::Status markBootAttempt();
+    binder::Status abortChanges(const std::string& message, bool retry);
+    binder::Status supportsCheckpoint(bool* _aidl_return);
+    binder::Status supportsBlockCheckpoint(bool* _aidl_return);
+    binder::Status supportsFileCheckpoint(bool* _aidl_return);
 };
 
 }  // namespace vold
diff --git a/VoldUtil.cpp b/VoldUtil.cpp
index afe8b53..082f743 100644
--- a/VoldUtil.cpp
+++ b/VoldUtil.cpp
@@ -14,13 +14,6 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#include <sys/ioctl.h>
-#include <linux/fs.h>
+#include "VoldUtil.h"
 
-struct fstab *fstab_default;
-
-void get_blkdev_size(int fd, unsigned long* nr_sec) {
-  if ((ioctl(fd, BLKGETSIZE, nr_sec)) == -1) {
-    *nr_sec = 0;
-  }
-}
+android::fs_mgr::Fstab fstab_default;
diff --git a/VoldUtil.h b/VoldUtil.h
index fd66672..173c598 100644
--- a/VoldUtil.h
+++ b/VoldUtil.h
@@ -14,16 +14,11 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#ifndef _VOLDUTIL_H
-#define _VOLDUTIL_H
+#pragma once
 
 #include <fstab/fstab.h>
 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
 
-extern struct fstab *fstab_default;
+extern android::fs_mgr::Fstab fstab_default;
 
 #define ARRAY_SIZE(a) (sizeof(a) / sizeof(*(a)))
-
-void get_blkdev_size(int fd, unsigned long* nr_sec);
-
-#endif
diff --git a/VolumeManager.cpp b/VolumeManager.cpp
index 8c32587..fad59f1 100644
--- a/VolumeManager.cpp
+++ b/VolumeManager.cpp
@@ -26,13 +26,15 @@
 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
 #include <sys/mount.h>
 #include <sys/stat.h>
-#include <sys/types.h>
 #include <sys/sysmacros.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
 #include <sys/wait.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
+#include <array>
 
 #include <linux/kdev_t.h>
 
+#include <ApexProperties.sysprop.h>
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 #include <android-base/parseint.h>
 #include <android-base/properties.h>
@@ -48,14 +50,16 @@
 
 #include <private/android_filesystem_config.h>
 
-#include <ext4_utils/ext4_crypt.h>
+#include <fscrypt/fscrypt.h>
 
+#include "AppFuseUtil.h"
 #include "Devmapper.h"
-#include "Ext4Crypt.h"
+#include "FsCrypt.h"
 #include "Loop.h"
 #include "NetlinkManager.h"
 #include "Process.h"
 #include "Utils.h"
+#include "VoldNativeService.h"
 #include "VoldUtil.h"
 #include "VolumeManager.h"
 #include "cryptfs.h"
@@ -63,15 +67,32 @@
 #include "fs/Vfat.h"
 #include "model/EmulatedVolume.h"
 #include "model/ObbVolume.h"
+#include "model/StubVolume.h"
 
+using android::OK;
+using android::base::GetBoolProperty;
+using android::base::StartsWith;
+using android::base::StringAppendF;
 using android::base::StringPrintf;
 using android::base::unique_fd;
+using android::vold::BindMount;
+using android::vold::CreateDir;
+using android::vold::DeleteDirContents;
+using android::vold::DeleteDirContentsAndDir;
+using android::vold::Symlink;
+using android::vold::Unlink;
+using android::vold::UnmountTree;
+using android::vold::VoldNativeService;
 
 static const char* kPathUserMount = "/mnt/user";
 static const char* kPathVirtualDisk = "/data/misc/vold/virtual_disk";
 
+static const char* kIsolatedStorage = "persist.sys.isolated_storage";
+static const char* kIsolatedStorageSnapshot = "sys.isolated_storage_snapshot";
 static const char* kPropVirtualDisk = "persist.sys.virtual_disk";
 
+static const std::string kEmptyString("");
+
 /* 512MiB is large enough for testing purposes */
 static const unsigned int kSizeVirtualDisk = 536870912;
 
@@ -79,28 +100,31 @@
 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockExperimentalMin = 240;
 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockExperimentalMax = 254;
 
-VolumeManager *VolumeManager::sInstance = NULL;
+VolumeManager* VolumeManager::sInstance = NULL;
 
-VolumeManager *VolumeManager::Instance() {
-    if (!sInstance)
-        sInstance = new VolumeManager();
+VolumeManager* VolumeManager::Instance() {
+    if (!sInstance) sInstance = new VolumeManager();
     return sInstance;
 }
 
 VolumeManager::VolumeManager() {
     mDebug = false;
     mNextObbId = 0;
+    mNextStubVolumeId = 0;
     // For security reasons, assume that a secure keyguard is
     // showing until we hear otherwise
     mSecureKeyguardShowing = true;
 }
 
-VolumeManager::~VolumeManager() {
+VolumeManager::~VolumeManager() {}
+
+static bool hasIsolatedStorage() {
+    return GetBoolProperty(kIsolatedStorageSnapshot, GetBoolProperty(kIsolatedStorage, true));
 }
 
 int VolumeManager::updateVirtualDisk() {
     ATRACE_NAME("VolumeManager::updateVirtualDisk");
-    if (android::base::GetBoolProperty(kPropVirtualDisk, false)) {
+    if (GetBoolProperty(kPropVirtualDisk, false)) {
         if (access(kPathVirtualDisk, F_OK) != 0) {
             Loop::createImageFile(kPathVirtualDisk, kSizeVirtualDisk / 512);
         }
@@ -117,8 +141,9 @@
                 return -1;
             }
 
-            auto disk = new android::vold::Disk("virtual", buf.st_rdev, "virtual",
-                    android::vold::Disk::Flags::kAdoptable | android::vold::Disk::Flags::kSd);
+            auto disk = new android::vold::Disk(
+                "virtual", buf.st_rdev, "virtual",
+                android::vold::Disk::Flags::kAdoptable | android::vold::Disk::Flags::kSd);
             mVirtualDisk = std::shared_ptr<android::vold::Disk>(disk);
             handleDiskAdded(mVirtualDisk);
         }
@@ -157,7 +182,7 @@
     // storage; the framework will decide if it should be mounted.
     CHECK(mInternalEmulated == nullptr);
     mInternalEmulated = std::shared_ptr<android::vold::VolumeBase>(
-            new android::vold::EmulatedVolume("/data/media"));
+        new android::vold::EmulatedVolume("/data/media"));
     mInternalEmulated->create();
 
     // Consider creating a virtual disk
@@ -173,17 +198,17 @@
     return 0;
 }
 
-void VolumeManager::handleBlockEvent(NetlinkEvent *evt) {
+void VolumeManager::handleBlockEvent(NetlinkEvent* evt) {
     std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mLock);
 
     if (mDebug) {
-        LOG(VERBOSE) << "----------------";
-        LOG(VERBOSE) << "handleBlockEvent with action " << (int) evt->getAction();
+        LOG(DEBUG) << "----------------";
+        LOG(DEBUG) << "handleBlockEvent with action " << (int)evt->getAction();
         evt->dump();
     }
 
-    std::string eventPath(evt->findParam("DEVPATH")?evt->findParam("DEVPATH"):"");
-    std::string devType(evt->findParam("DEVTYPE")?evt->findParam("DEVTYPE"):"");
+    std::string eventPath(evt->findParam("DEVPATH") ? evt->findParam("DEVPATH") : "");
+    std::string devType(evt->findParam("DEVTYPE") ? evt->findParam("DEVTYPE") : "");
 
     if (devType != "disk") return;
 
@@ -192,43 +217,42 @@
     dev_t device = makedev(major, minor);
 
     switch (evt->getAction()) {
-    case NetlinkEvent::Action::kAdd: {
-        for (const auto& source : mDiskSources) {
-            if (source->matches(eventPath)) {
-                // For now, assume that MMC and virtio-blk (the latter is
-                // emulator-specific; see Disk.cpp for details) devices are SD,
-                // and that everything else is USB
-                int flags = source->getFlags();
-                if (major == kMajorBlockMmc
-                    || (android::vold::IsRunningInEmulator()
-                    && major >= (int) kMajorBlockExperimentalMin
-                    && major <= (int) kMajorBlockExperimentalMax)) {
-                    flags |= android::vold::Disk::Flags::kSd;
-                } else {
-                    flags |= android::vold::Disk::Flags::kUsb;
-                }
+        case NetlinkEvent::Action::kAdd: {
+            for (const auto& source : mDiskSources) {
+                if (source->matches(eventPath)) {
+                    // For now, assume that MMC and virtio-blk (the latter is
+                    // emulator-specific; see Disk.cpp for details) devices are SD,
+                    // and that everything else is USB
+                    int flags = source->getFlags();
+                    if (major == kMajorBlockMmc || (android::vold::IsRunningInEmulator() &&
+                                                    major >= (int)kMajorBlockExperimentalMin &&
+                                                    major <= (int)kMajorBlockExperimentalMax)) {
+                        flags |= android::vold::Disk::Flags::kSd;
+                    } else {
+                        flags |= android::vold::Disk::Flags::kUsb;
+                    }
 
-                auto disk = new android::vold::Disk(eventPath, device,
-                        source->getNickname(), flags);
-                handleDiskAdded(std::shared_ptr<android::vold::Disk>(disk));
-                break;
+                    auto disk =
+                        new android::vold::Disk(eventPath, device, source->getNickname(), flags);
+                    handleDiskAdded(std::shared_ptr<android::vold::Disk>(disk));
+                    break;
+                }
             }
+            break;
         }
-        break;
-    }
-    case NetlinkEvent::Action::kChange: {
-        LOG(DEBUG) << "Disk at " << major << ":" << minor << " changed";
-        handleDiskChanged(device);
-        break;
-    }
-    case NetlinkEvent::Action::kRemove: {
-        handleDiskRemoved(device);
-        break;
-    }
-    default: {
-        LOG(WARNING) << "Unexpected block event action " << (int) evt->getAction();
-        break;
-    }
+        case NetlinkEvent::Action::kChange: {
+            LOG(DEBUG) << "Disk at " << major << ":" << minor << " changed";
+            handleDiskChanged(device);
+            break;
+        }
+        case NetlinkEvent::Action::kRemove: {
+            handleDiskRemoved(device);
+            break;
+        }
+        default: {
+            LOG(WARNING) << "Unexpected block event action " << (int)evt->getAction();
+            break;
+        }
     }
 }
 
@@ -237,7 +261,7 @@
     // until the user unlocks the device to actually touch it
     if (mSecureKeyguardShowing) {
         LOG(INFO) << "Found disk at " << disk->getEventPath()
-                << " but delaying scan due to secure keyguard";
+                  << " but delaying scan due to secure keyguard";
         mPendingDisks.push_back(disk);
     } else {
         disk->create();
@@ -304,6 +328,11 @@
             return vol;
         }
     }
+    for (const auto& vol : mStubVolumes) {
+        if (vol->getId() == id) {
+            return vol;
+        }
+    }
     for (const auto& vol : mObbVolumes) {
         if (vol->getId() == id) {
             return vol;
@@ -313,7 +342,7 @@
 }
 
 void VolumeManager::listVolumes(android::vold::VolumeBase::Type type,
-        std::list<std::string>& list) {
+                                std::list<std::string>& list) const {
     list.clear();
     for (const auto& disk : mDisks) {
         disk->listVolumes(type, list);
@@ -333,8 +362,8 @@
         LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to unlink " << keyPath;
         success = false;
     }
-    if (e4crypt_is_native()) {
-        if (!e4crypt_destroy_volume_keys(fsUuid)) {
+    if (fscrypt_is_native()) {
+        if (!fscrypt_destroy_volume_keys(fsUuid)) {
             success = false;
         }
     }
@@ -343,25 +372,410 @@
 
 int VolumeManager::linkPrimary(userid_t userId) {
     std::string source(mPrimary->getPath());
-    if (mPrimary->getType() == android::vold::VolumeBase::Type::kEmulated) {
+    if (mPrimary->isEmulated()) {
         source = StringPrintf("%s/%d", source.c_str(), userId);
         fs_prepare_dir(source.c_str(), 0755, AID_ROOT, AID_ROOT);
     }
 
     std::string target(StringPrintf("/mnt/user/%d/primary", userId));
-    if (TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(unlink(target.c_str()))) {
-        if (errno != ENOENT) {
-            PLOG(WARNING) << "Failed to unlink " << target;
+    LOG(DEBUG) << "Linking " << source << " to " << target;
+    Symlink(source, target);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+int VolumeManager::mountPkgSpecificDir(const std::string& mntSourceRoot,
+                                       const std::string& mntTargetRoot,
+                                       const std::string& packageName, const char* dirName) {
+    std::string mntSourceDir =
+        StringPrintf("%s/Android/%s/%s", mntSourceRoot.c_str(), dirName, packageName.c_str());
+    if (CreateDir(mntSourceDir, 0755) < 0) {
+        return -errno;
+    }
+    std::string mntTargetDir =
+        StringPrintf("%s/Android/%s/%s", mntTargetRoot.c_str(), dirName, packageName.c_str());
+    if (CreateDir(mntTargetDir, 0755) < 0) {
+        return -errno;
+    }
+    return BindMount(mntSourceDir, mntTargetDir);
+}
+
+int VolumeManager::mountPkgSpecificDirsForRunningProcs(
+    userid_t userId, const std::vector<std::string>& packageNames,
+    const std::vector<std::string>& visibleVolLabels, int remountMode) {
+    std::unique_ptr<DIR, decltype(&closedir)> dirp(opendir("/proc"), closedir);
+    if (!dirp) {
+        PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to opendir /proc";
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    std::string rootName;
+    // Figure out root namespace to compare against below
+    if (!android::vold::Readlinkat(dirfd(dirp.get()), "1/ns/mnt", &rootName)) {
+        PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to read root namespace";
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    struct stat mntFullSb;
+    struct stat mntWriteSb;
+    if (TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(stat("/mnt/runtime/full", &mntFullSb)) == -1) {
+        PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to stat /mnt/runtime/full";
+        return -1;
+    }
+    if (TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(stat("/mnt/runtime/write", &mntWriteSb)) == -1) {
+        PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to stat /mnt/runtime/write";
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    std::string obbMountDir = StringPrintf("/mnt/user/%d/obb_mount", userId);
+    if (fs_prepare_dir(obbMountDir.c_str(), 0700, AID_ROOT, AID_ROOT) != 0) {
+        PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to fs_prepare_dir " << obbMountDir;
+        return -1;
+    }
+    const unique_fd obbMountDirFd(
+        TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(open(obbMountDir.c_str(), O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY | O_CLOEXEC)));
+    if (obbMountDirFd.get() < 0) {
+        PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to open " << obbMountDir;
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    std::unordered_set<appid_t> validAppIds;
+    for (auto& package : packageNames) {
+        validAppIds.insert(mAppIds[package]);
+    }
+    std::vector<std::string>& userPackages = mUserPackages[userId];
+
+    std::vector<pid_t> childPids;
+
+    struct dirent* de;
+    // Poke through all running PIDs look for apps running in userId
+    while ((de = readdir(dirp.get()))) {
+        pid_t pid;
+        if (de->d_type != DT_DIR) continue;
+        if (!android::base::ParseInt(de->d_name, &pid)) continue;
+
+        const unique_fd pidFd(
+            openat(dirfd(dirp.get()), de->d_name, O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY | O_CLOEXEC));
+        if (pidFd.get() < 0) {
+            PLOG(WARNING) << "Failed to open /proc/" << pid;
+            continue;
+        }
+        struct stat sb;
+        if (fstat(pidFd.get(), &sb) != 0) {
+            PLOG(WARNING) << "Failed to stat " << de->d_name;
+            continue;
+        }
+        if (multiuser_get_user_id(sb.st_uid) != userId) {
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        // Matches so far, but refuse to touch if in root namespace
+        LOG(VERBOSE) << "Found matching PID " << de->d_name;
+        std::string pidName;
+        if (!android::vold::Readlinkat(pidFd.get(), "ns/mnt", &pidName)) {
+            PLOG(WARNING) << "Failed to read namespace for " << de->d_name;
+            continue;
+        }
+        if (rootName == pidName) {
+            LOG(WARNING) << "Skipping due to root namespace";
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        // Only update the mount points of processes running with one of validAppIds.
+        // This should skip any isolated uids.
+        appid_t appId = multiuser_get_app_id(sb.st_uid);
+        if (validAppIds.find(appId) == validAppIds.end()) {
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        std::vector<std::string> packagesForUid;
+        for (auto& package : userPackages) {
+            if (mAppIds[package] == appId) {
+                packagesForUid.push_back(package);
+            }
+        }
+        if (packagesForUid.empty()) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        const std::string& sandboxId = mSandboxIds[appId];
+
+        // We purposefully leave the namespace open across the fork
+        // NOLINTNEXTLINE(android-cloexec-open): Deliberately not O_CLOEXEC
+        unique_fd nsFd(openat(pidFd.get(), "ns/mnt", O_RDONLY));
+        if (nsFd.get() < 0) {
+            PLOG(WARNING) << "Failed to open namespace for " << de->d_name;
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        pid_t child;
+        if (!(child = fork())) {
+            if (setns(nsFd.get(), CLONE_NEWNS) != 0) {
+                PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to setns for " << de->d_name;
+                _exit(1);
+            }
+
+            int mountMode;
+            if (remountMode == -1) {
+                mountMode =
+                    getMountModeForRunningProc(packagesForUid, userId, mntWriteSb, mntFullSb);
+                if (mountMode == -1) {
+                    _exit(1);
+                }
+            } else {
+                mountMode = remountMode;
+                if (handleMountModeInstaller(mountMode, obbMountDirFd.get(), obbMountDir,
+                                             sandboxId) < 0) {
+                    _exit(1);
+                }
+            }
+            if (mountMode == VoldNativeService::REMOUNT_MODE_FULL ||
+                mountMode == VoldNativeService::REMOUNT_MODE_LEGACY ||
+                mountMode == VoldNativeService::REMOUNT_MODE_NONE) {
+                // These mount modes are not going to change dynamically, so don't bother
+                // unmounting/remounting dirs.
+                _exit(0);
+            }
+
+            for (auto& volumeLabel : visibleVolLabels) {
+                std::string mntSource = StringPrintf("/mnt/runtime/write/%s", volumeLabel.c_str());
+                std::string mntTarget = StringPrintf("/storage/%s", volumeLabel.c_str());
+                if (volumeLabel == "emulated") {
+                    StringAppendF(&mntSource, "/%d", userId);
+                    StringAppendF(&mntTarget, "/%d", userId);
+                }
+
+                std::string sandboxSource =
+                    StringPrintf("%s/Android/sandbox/%s", mntSource.c_str(), sandboxId.c_str());
+                if (CreateDir(sandboxSource, 0755) < 0) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+                if (BindMount(sandboxSource, mntTarget) < 0) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                std::string obbSourceDir = StringPrintf("%s/Android/obb", mntSource.c_str());
+                std::string obbTargetDir = StringPrintf("%s/Android/obb", mntTarget.c_str());
+                if (UnmountTree(obbTargetDir) < 0) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+                if (!createPkgSpecificDirRoots(mntSource) || !createPkgSpecificDirRoots(mntTarget)) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+                for (auto& package : packagesForUid) {
+                    mountPkgSpecificDir(mntSource, mntTarget, package, "data");
+                    mountPkgSpecificDir(mntSource, mntTarget, package, "media");
+                    if (mountMode != VoldNativeService::REMOUNT_MODE_INSTALLER) {
+                        mountPkgSpecificDir(mntSource, mntTarget, package, "obb");
+                    }
+                }
+                if (mountMode == VoldNativeService::REMOUNT_MODE_INSTALLER) {
+                    if (BindMount(obbSourceDir, obbTargetDir) < 0) {
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            _exit(0);
+        }
+
+        if (child == -1) {
+            PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to fork";
+        } else {
+            childPids.push_back(child);
         }
     }
-    LOG(DEBUG) << "Linking " << source << " to " << target;
-    if (TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(symlink(source.c_str(), target.c_str()))) {
-        PLOG(WARNING) << "Failed to link";
+    for (auto& child : childPids) {
+        TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(waitpid(child, nullptr, 0));
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+int VolumeManager::getMountModeForRunningProc(const std::vector<std::string>& packagesForUid,
+                                              userid_t userId, struct stat& mntWriteStat,
+                                              struct stat& mntFullStat) {
+    struct stat storageSb;
+    if (TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(stat("/storage", &storageSb)) == -1) {
+        PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to stat /storage";
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    // Some packages have access to full external storage, identify processes belonging
+    // to those packages by comparing inode no.s of /mnt/runtime/full and /storage
+    if (storageSb.st_dev == mntFullStat.st_dev && storageSb.st_ino == mntFullStat.st_ino) {
+        return VoldNativeService::REMOUNT_MODE_FULL;
+    } else if (storageSb.st_dev == mntWriteStat.st_dev && storageSb.st_ino == mntWriteStat.st_ino) {
+        return VoldNativeService::REMOUNT_MODE_LEGACY;
+    }
+
+    std::string obbMountFile =
+        StringPrintf("/mnt/user/%d/obb_mount/%s", userId, packagesForUid[0].c_str());
+    if (TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(access(obbMountFile.c_str(), F_OK)) != -1) {
+        return VoldNativeService::REMOUNT_MODE_INSTALLER;
+    } else if (errno != ENOENT) {
+        PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to access " << obbMountFile;
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    // Some packages don't have access to external storage and processes belonging to
+    // those packages don't have anything mounted at /storage. So, identify those
+    // processes by comparing inode no.s of /mnt/user/%d/package
+    // and /storage
+    std::string sandbox = StringPrintf("/mnt/user/%d/package", userId);
+    struct stat sandboxStat;
+    if (TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(stat(sandbox.c_str(), &sandboxStat)) == -1) {
+        PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to stat " << sandbox;
+        return -1;
+    }
+    if (storageSb.st_dev == sandboxStat.st_dev && storageSb.st_ino == sandboxStat.st_ino) {
+        return VoldNativeService::REMOUNT_MODE_WRITE;
+    }
+
+    return VoldNativeService::REMOUNT_MODE_NONE;
+}
+
+int VolumeManager::handleMountModeInstaller(int mountMode, int obbMountDirFd,
+                                            const std::string& obbMountDir,
+                                            const std::string& sandboxId) {
+    if (mountMode == VoldNativeService::REMOUNT_MODE_INSTALLER) {
+        if (TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(faccessat(obbMountDirFd, sandboxId.c_str(), F_OK, 0)) != -1) {
+            return 0;
+        } else if (errno != ENOENT) {
+            PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to access " << obbMountDir << "/" << sandboxId;
+            return -errno;
+        }
+        const unique_fd fd(TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(
+            openat(obbMountDirFd, sandboxId.c_str(), O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_CLOEXEC, 0600)));
+        if (fd.get() < 0) {
+            PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to create " << obbMountDir << "/" << sandboxId;
+            return -errno;
+        }
+    } else {
+        if (TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(faccessat(obbMountDirFd, sandboxId.c_str(), F_OK, 0)) != -1) {
+            if (TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(unlinkat(obbMountDirFd, sandboxId.c_str(), 0)) == -1) {
+                PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to unlink " << obbMountDir << "/" << sandboxId;
+                return -errno;
+            }
+        } else if (errno != ENOENT) {
+            PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to access " << obbMountDir << "/" << sandboxId;
+            return -errno;
+        }
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+int VolumeManager::prepareSandboxes(userid_t userId, const std::vector<std::string>& packageNames,
+                                    const std::vector<std::string>& visibleVolLabels) {
+    if (visibleVolLabels.empty()) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+    for (auto& volumeLabel : visibleVolLabels) {
+        std::string volumeRoot(StringPrintf("/mnt/runtime/write/%s", volumeLabel.c_str()));
+        bool isVolPrimaryEmulated = (volumeLabel == mPrimary->getLabel() && mPrimary->isEmulated());
+        if (isVolPrimaryEmulated) {
+            StringAppendF(&volumeRoot, "/%d", userId);
+            if (CreateDir(volumeRoot, 0755) < 0) {
+                return -errno;
+            }
+        }
+
+        std::string sandboxRoot =
+            prepareSubDirs(volumeRoot, "Android/sandbox/", 0700, AID_ROOT, AID_ROOT);
+        if (sandboxRoot.empty()) {
+            return -errno;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (prepareSandboxTargets(userId, visibleVolLabels) < 0) {
+        return -errno;
+    }
+
+    if (mountPkgSpecificDirsForRunningProcs(userId, packageNames, visibleVolLabels, -1) < 0) {
+        PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to setup sandboxes for already running processes";
         return -errno;
     }
     return 0;
 }
 
+int VolumeManager::prepareSandboxTargets(userid_t userId,
+                                         const std::vector<std::string>& visibleVolLabels) {
+    std::string mntTargetRoot = StringPrintf("/mnt/user/%d", userId);
+    if (fs_prepare_dir(mntTargetRoot.c_str(), 0751, AID_ROOT, AID_ROOT) != 0) {
+        PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to fs_prepare_dir " << mntTargetRoot;
+        return -errno;
+    }
+
+    StringAppendF(&mntTargetRoot, "/package");
+    if (fs_prepare_dir(mntTargetRoot.c_str(), 0755, AID_ROOT, AID_ROOT) != 0) {
+        PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to fs_prepare_dir " << mntTargetRoot;
+        return -errno;
+    }
+
+    for (auto& volumeLabel : visibleVolLabels) {
+        std::string sandboxTarget =
+            StringPrintf("%s/%s", mntTargetRoot.c_str(), volumeLabel.c_str());
+        if (fs_prepare_dir(sandboxTarget.c_str(), 0755, AID_ROOT, AID_ROOT) != 0) {
+            PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to fs_prepare_dir " << sandboxTarget;
+            return -errno;
+        }
+
+        if (mPrimary && volumeLabel == mPrimary->getLabel() && mPrimary->isEmulated()) {
+            StringAppendF(&sandboxTarget, "/%d", userId);
+            if (fs_prepare_dir(sandboxTarget.c_str(), 0755, AID_ROOT, AID_ROOT) != 0) {
+                PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to fs_prepare_dir " << sandboxTarget;
+                return -errno;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    StringAppendF(&mntTargetRoot, "/self");
+    if (fs_prepare_dir(mntTargetRoot.c_str(), 0755, AID_ROOT, AID_ROOT) != 0) {
+        PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to fs_prepare_dir " << mntTargetRoot;
+        return -errno;
+    }
+
+    if (mPrimary) {
+        std::string pkgPrimarySource(mPrimary->getPath());
+        if (mPrimary->isEmulated()) {
+            StringAppendF(&pkgPrimarySource, "/%d", userId);
+        }
+        StringAppendF(&mntTargetRoot, "/primary");
+        if (Symlink(pkgPrimarySource, mntTargetRoot) < 0) {
+            return -errno;
+        }
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+std::string VolumeManager::prepareSubDirs(const std::string& pathPrefix, const std::string& subDirs,
+                                          mode_t mode, uid_t uid, gid_t gid) {
+    std::string path(pathPrefix);
+    std::vector<std::string> subDirList = android::base::Split(subDirs, "/");
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < subDirList.size(); ++i) {
+        std::string subDir = subDirList[i];
+        if (subDir.empty()) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        StringAppendF(&path, "/%s", subDir.c_str());
+        if (CreateDir(path, mode) < 0) {
+            return kEmptyString;
+        }
+    }
+    return path;
+}
+
+bool VolumeManager::createPkgSpecificDirRoots(const std::string& volumeRoot) {
+    std::string volumeAndroidRoot = StringPrintf("%s/Android", volumeRoot.c_str());
+    if (CreateDir(volumeAndroidRoot, 0700) < 0) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    std::array<std::string, 3> dirs = {"data", "media", "obb"};
+    for (auto& dir : dirs) {
+        std::string path = StringPrintf("%s/%s", volumeAndroidRoot.c_str(), dir.c_str());
+        if (CreateDir(path, 0700) < 0) {
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
 int VolumeManager::onUserAdded(userid_t userId, int userSerialNumber) {
     mAddedUsers[userId] = userSerialNumber;
     return 0;
@@ -372,7 +786,10 @@
     return 0;
 }
 
-int VolumeManager::onUserStarted(userid_t userId) {
+int VolumeManager::onUserStarted(userid_t userId, const std::vector<std::string>& packageNames,
+                                 const std::vector<int>& appIds,
+                                 const std::vector<std::string>& sandboxIds) {
+    LOG(VERBOSE) << "onUserStarted: " << userId;
     // Note that sometimes the system will spin up processes from Zygote
     // before actually starting the user, so we're okay if Zygote
     // already created this directory.
@@ -380,14 +797,159 @@
     fs_prepare_dir(path.c_str(), 0755, AID_ROOT, AID_ROOT);
 
     mStartedUsers.insert(userId);
+    mUserPackages[userId] = packageNames;
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < packageNames.size(); ++i) {
+        mAppIds[packageNames[i]] = appIds[i];
+        mSandboxIds[appIds[i]] = sandboxIds[i];
+    }
     if (mPrimary) {
         linkPrimary(userId);
     }
+    if (hasIsolatedStorage()) {
+        std::vector<std::string> visibleVolLabels;
+        for (auto& volId : mVisibleVolumeIds) {
+            auto vol = findVolume(volId);
+            userid_t mountUserId = vol->getMountUserId();
+            if (mountUserId == userId || vol->isEmulated()) {
+                visibleVolLabels.push_back(vol->getLabel());
+            }
+        }
+        if (prepareSandboxes(userId, packageNames, visibleVolLabels) != 0) {
+            return -errno;
+        }
+    }
     return 0;
 }
 
 int VolumeManager::onUserStopped(userid_t userId) {
+    LOG(VERBOSE) << "onUserStopped: " << userId;
     mStartedUsers.erase(userId);
+
+    if (hasIsolatedStorage()) {
+        auto& userPackages = mUserPackages[userId];
+        std::string userMntTargetRoot = StringPrintf("/mnt/user/%d", userId);
+        std::string pkgPrimaryDir =
+            StringPrintf("%s/package/self/primary", userMntTargetRoot.c_str());
+        if (Unlink(pkgPrimaryDir) < 0) {
+            return -errno;
+        }
+        mUserPackages.erase(userId);
+        if (DeleteDirContentsAndDir(userMntTargetRoot) < 0) {
+            PLOG(ERROR) << "DeleteDirContentsAndDir failed on " << userMntTargetRoot;
+            return -errno;
+        }
+        LOG(VERBOSE) << "Success: DeleteDirContentsAndDir on " << userMntTargetRoot;
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+int VolumeManager::addAppIds(const std::vector<std::string>& packageNames,
+                             const std::vector<int32_t>& appIds) {
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < packageNames.size(); ++i) {
+        mAppIds[packageNames[i]] = appIds[i];
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+int VolumeManager::addSandboxIds(const std::vector<int32_t>& appIds,
+                                 const std::vector<std::string>& sandboxIds) {
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < appIds.size(); ++i) {
+        mSandboxIds[appIds[i]] = sandboxIds[i];
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+int VolumeManager::prepareSandboxForApp(const std::string& packageName, appid_t appId,
+                                        const std::string& sandboxId, userid_t userId) {
+    if (!hasIsolatedStorage()) {
+        return 0;
+    } else if (mStartedUsers.find(userId) == mStartedUsers.end()) {
+        // User not started, no need to do anything now. Required bind mounts for the package will
+        // be created when the user starts.
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    auto& userPackages = mUserPackages[userId];
+    if (std::find(userPackages.begin(), userPackages.end(), packageName) != userPackages.end()) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    LOG(VERBOSE) << "prepareSandboxForApp: " << packageName << ", appId=" << appId
+                 << ", sandboxId=" << sandboxId << ", userId=" << userId;
+    mUserPackages[userId].push_back(packageName);
+    mAppIds[packageName] = appId;
+    mSandboxIds[appId] = sandboxId;
+
+    std::vector<std::string> visibleVolLabels;
+    for (auto& volId : mVisibleVolumeIds) {
+        auto vol = findVolume(volId);
+        userid_t mountUserId = vol->getMountUserId();
+        if (mountUserId == userId || vol->isEmulated()) {
+            visibleVolLabels.push_back(vol->getLabel());
+        }
+    }
+    return prepareSandboxes(userId, {packageName}, visibleVolLabels);
+}
+
+int VolumeManager::destroySandboxForApp(const std::string& packageName,
+                                        const std::string& sandboxId, userid_t userId) {
+    if (!hasIsolatedStorage()) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+    LOG(VERBOSE) << "destroySandboxForApp: " << packageName << ", sandboxId=" << sandboxId
+                 << ", userId=" << userId;
+    auto& userPackages = mUserPackages[userId];
+    userPackages.erase(std::remove(userPackages.begin(), userPackages.end(), packageName),
+                       userPackages.end());
+    // If the package is not uninstalled in any other users, remove appId and sandboxId
+    // corresponding to it from the internal state.
+    bool installedInAnyUser = false;
+    for (auto& it : mUserPackages) {
+        auto& packages = it.second;
+        if (std::find(packages.begin(), packages.end(), packageName) != packages.end()) {
+            installedInAnyUser = true;
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+    if (!installedInAnyUser) {
+        const auto& entry = mAppIds.find(packageName);
+        if (entry != mAppIds.end()) {
+            mSandboxIds.erase(entry->second);
+            mAppIds.erase(entry);
+        }
+    }
+
+    std::vector<std::string> visibleVolLabels;
+    for (auto& volId : mVisibleVolumeIds) {
+        auto vol = findVolume(volId);
+        userid_t mountUserId = vol->getMountUserId();
+        if (mountUserId == userId || vol->isEmulated()) {
+            if (destroySandboxForAppOnVol(packageName, sandboxId, userId, vol->getLabel()) < 0) {
+                return -errno;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+int VolumeManager::destroySandboxForAppOnVol(const std::string& packageName,
+                                             const std::string& sandboxId, userid_t userId,
+                                             const std::string& volLabel) {
+    LOG(VERBOSE) << "destroySandboxOnVol: " << packageName << ", userId=" << userId
+                 << ", volLabel=" << volLabel;
+
+    std::string sandboxDir = StringPrintf("/mnt/runtime/write/%s", volLabel.c_str());
+    if (volLabel == mPrimary->getLabel() && mPrimary->isEmulated()) {
+        StringAppendF(&sandboxDir, "/%d", userId);
+    }
+    StringAppendF(&sandboxDir, "/Android/sandbox/%s", sandboxId.c_str());
+
+    if (DeleteDirContentsAndDir(sandboxDir) < 0) {
+        PLOG(ERROR) << "DeleteDirContentsAndDir failed on " << sandboxDir;
+        return -errno;
+    }
+
     return 0;
 }
 
@@ -405,7 +967,86 @@
     return 0;
 }
 
+int VolumeManager::onVolumeMounted(android::vold::VolumeBase* vol) {
+    if (!hasIsolatedStorage()) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    if ((vol->getMountFlags() & android::vold::VoldNativeService::MOUNT_FLAG_VISIBLE) == 0) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    mVisibleVolumeIds.insert(vol->getId());
+    userid_t mountUserId = vol->getMountUserId();
+    if ((vol->getMountFlags() & android::vold::VoldNativeService::MOUNT_FLAG_PRIMARY) != 0) {
+        // We don't want to create another shared_ptr here because then we will end up with
+        // two shared_ptrs owning the underlying pointer without sharing it.
+        mPrimary = findVolume(vol->getId());
+        for (userid_t userId : mStartedUsers) {
+            if (linkPrimary(userId) != 0) {
+                return -errno;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    if (vol->isEmulated()) {
+        for (userid_t userId : mStartedUsers) {
+            if (prepareSandboxes(userId, mUserPackages[userId], {vol->getLabel()}) != 0) {
+                return -errno;
+            }
+        }
+    } else if (mStartedUsers.find(mountUserId) != mStartedUsers.end()) {
+        if (prepareSandboxes(mountUserId, mUserPackages[mountUserId], {vol->getLabel()}) != 0) {
+            return -errno;
+        }
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+int VolumeManager::onVolumeUnmounted(android::vold::VolumeBase* vol) {
+    if (!hasIsolatedStorage()) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    if (mVisibleVolumeIds.erase(vol->getId()) == 0) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    if ((vol->getMountFlags() & android::vold::VoldNativeService::MOUNT_FLAG_PRIMARY) != 0) {
+        mPrimary = nullptr;
+    }
+
+    LOG(VERBOSE) << "visibleVolumeUnmounted: " << vol;
+    userid_t mountUserId = vol->getMountUserId();
+    if (vol->isEmulated()) {
+        for (userid_t userId : mStartedUsers) {
+            if (destroySandboxesForVol(vol, userId) != 0) {
+                return -errno;
+            }
+        }
+    } else if (mStartedUsers.find(mountUserId) != mStartedUsers.end()) {
+        if (destroySandboxesForVol(vol, mountUserId) != 0) {
+            return -errno;
+        }
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+int VolumeManager::destroySandboxesForVol(android::vold::VolumeBase* vol, userid_t userId) {
+    LOG(VERBOSE) << "destroysandboxesForVol: " << vol << " for user=" << userId;
+    std::string volSandboxRoot =
+        StringPrintf("/mnt/user/%d/package/%s", userId, vol->getLabel().c_str());
+    if (android::vold::DeleteDirContentsAndDir(volSandboxRoot) < 0) {
+        PLOG(ERROR) << "DeleteDirContentsAndDir failed on " << volSandboxRoot;
+        return -errno;
+    }
+    LOG(VERBOSE) << "Success: DeleteDirContentsAndDir on " << volSandboxRoot;
+    return 0;
+}
+
 int VolumeManager::setPrimary(const std::shared_ptr<android::vold::VolumeBase>& vol) {
+    if (hasIsolatedStorage()) {
+        return 0;
+    }
     mPrimary = vol;
     for (userid_t userId : mStartedUsers) {
         linkPrimary(userId);
@@ -413,34 +1054,56 @@
     return 0;
 }
 
-static int unmount_tree(const std::string& prefix) {
-    FILE* fp = setmntent("/proc/mounts", "r");
-    if (fp == NULL) {
-        PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to open /proc/mounts";
-        return -errno;
+int VolumeManager::remountUid(uid_t uid, int32_t mountMode) {
+    if (!hasIsolatedStorage()) {
+        return remountUidLegacy(uid, mountMode);
     }
 
-    // Some volumes can be stacked on each other, so force unmount in
-    // reverse order to give us the best chance of success.
-    std::list<std::string> toUnmount;
-    mntent* mentry;
-    while ((mentry = getmntent(fp)) != NULL) {
-        auto test = std::string(mentry->mnt_dir) + "/";
-        if (android::base::StartsWith(test, prefix)) {
-            toUnmount.push_front(test);
+    appid_t appId = multiuser_get_app_id(uid);
+    userid_t userId = multiuser_get_user_id(uid);
+    std::vector<std::string> visibleVolLabels;
+    for (auto& volId : mVisibleVolumeIds) {
+        auto vol = findVolume(volId);
+        userid_t mountUserId = vol->getMountUserId();
+        if (mountUserId == userId || vol->isEmulated()) {
+            visibleVolLabels.push_back(vol->getLabel());
         }
     }
-    endmntent(fp);
 
-    for (const auto& path : toUnmount) {
-        if (umount2(path.c_str(), MNT_DETACH)) {
-            PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to unmount " << path;
+    // Finding one package with appId is enough
+    std::vector<std::string> packageNames;
+    for (auto it = mAppIds.begin(); it != mAppIds.end(); ++it) {
+        if (it->second == appId) {
+            packageNames.push_back(it->first);
+            break;
         }
     }
-    return 0;
+    if (packageNames.empty()) {
+        PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to find packageName for " << uid;
+        return -1;
+    }
+    return mountPkgSpecificDirsForRunningProcs(userId, packageNames, visibleVolLabels, mountMode);
 }
 
-int VolumeManager::remountUid(uid_t uid, const std::string& mode) {
+int VolumeManager::remountUidLegacy(uid_t uid, int32_t mountMode) {
+    std::string mode;
+    switch (mountMode) {
+        case VoldNativeService::REMOUNT_MODE_NONE:
+            mode = "none";
+            break;
+        case VoldNativeService::REMOUNT_MODE_DEFAULT:
+            mode = "default";
+            break;
+        case VoldNativeService::REMOUNT_MODE_READ:
+            mode = "read";
+            break;
+        case VoldNativeService::REMOUNT_MODE_WRITE:
+            mode = "write";
+            break;
+        default:
+            PLOG(ERROR) << "Unknown mode " << std::to_string(mountMode);
+            return -1;
+    }
     LOG(DEBUG) << "Remounting " << uid << " as mode " << mode;
 
     DIR* dir;
@@ -452,6 +1115,8 @@
     struct stat sb;
     pid_t child;
 
+    static bool apexUpdatable = android::sysprop::ApexProperties::updatable().value_or(false);
+
     if (!(dir = opendir("/proc"))) {
         PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to opendir";
         return -1;
@@ -496,8 +1161,29 @@
             goto next;
         }
 
+        if (apexUpdatable) {
+            std::string exeName;
+            // When ro.apex.bionic_updatable is set to true,
+            // some early native processes have mount namespaces that are different
+            // from that of the init. Therefore, above check can't filter them out.
+            // Since the propagation type of / is 'shared', unmounting /storage
+            // for the early native processes affects other processes including
+            // init. Filter out such processes by skipping if a process is a
+            // non-Java process whose UID is < AID_APP_START. (The UID condition
+            // is required to not filter out child processes spawned by apps.)
+            if (!android::vold::Readlinkat(pidFd, "exe", &exeName)) {
+                PLOG(WARNING) << "Failed to read exe name for " << de->d_name;
+                goto next;
+            }
+            if (!StartsWith(exeName, "/system/bin/app_process") && sb.st_uid < AID_APP_START) {
+                LOG(WARNING) << "Skipping due to native system process";
+                goto next;
+            }
+        }
+
         // We purposefully leave the namespace open across the fork
-        nsFd = openat(pidFd, "ns/mnt", O_RDONLY); // not O_CLOEXEC
+        // NOLINTNEXTLINE(android-cloexec-open): Deliberately not O_CLOEXEC
+        nsFd = openat(pidFd, "ns/mnt", O_RDONLY);
         if (nsFd < 0) {
             PLOG(WARNING) << "Failed to open namespace for " << de->d_name;
             goto next;
@@ -509,7 +1195,7 @@
                 _exit(1);
             }
 
-            unmount_tree("/storage/");
+            android::vold::UnmountTree("/storage/");
 
             std::string storageSource;
             if (mode == "default") {
@@ -522,26 +1208,22 @@
                 // Sane default of no storage visible
                 _exit(0);
             }
-            if (TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(mount(storageSource.c_str(), "/storage",
-                    NULL, MS_BIND | MS_REC, NULL)) == -1) {
-                PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to mount " << storageSource << " for "
-                        << de->d_name;
+            if (TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(
+                    mount(storageSource.c_str(), "/storage", NULL, MS_BIND | MS_REC, NULL)) == -1) {
+                PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to mount " << storageSource << " for " << de->d_name;
                 _exit(1);
             }
-            if (TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(mount(NULL, "/storage", NULL,
-                    MS_REC | MS_SLAVE, NULL)) == -1) {
-                PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to set MS_SLAVE to /storage for "
-                        << de->d_name;
+            if (TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(mount(NULL, "/storage", NULL, MS_REC | MS_SLAVE, NULL)) == -1) {
+                PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to set MS_SLAVE to /storage for " << de->d_name;
                 _exit(1);
             }
 
             // Mount user-specific symlink helper into place
             userid_t user_id = multiuser_get_user_id(uid);
             std::string userSource(StringPrintf("/mnt/user/%d", user_id));
-            if (TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(mount(userSource.c_str(), "/storage/self",
-                    NULL, MS_BIND, NULL)) == -1) {
-                PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to mount " << userSource << " for "
-                        << de->d_name;
+            if (TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(
+                    mount(userSource.c_str(), "/storage/self", NULL, MS_BIND, NULL)) == -1) {
+                PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to mount " << userSource << " for " << de->d_name;
                 _exit(1);
             }
 
@@ -555,7 +1237,7 @@
             TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(waitpid(child, nullptr, 0));
         }
 
-next:
+    next:
         close(nsFd);
         close(pidFd);
     }
@@ -576,6 +1258,15 @@
     }
     updateVirtualDisk();
     mAddedUsers.clear();
+
+    mUserPackages.clear();
+    mAppIds.clear();
+    mSandboxIds.clear();
+    mVisibleVolumeIds.clear();
+
+    for (userid_t userId : mStartedUsers) {
+        DeleteDirContents(StringPrintf("/mnt/user/%d/package", userId));
+    }
     mStartedUsers.clear();
     return 0;
 }
@@ -583,7 +1274,7 @@
 // Can be called twice (sequentially) during shutdown. should be safe for that.
 int VolumeManager::shutdown() {
     if (mInternalEmulated == nullptr) {
-        return 0; // already shutdown
+        return 0;  // already shutdown
     }
     android::vold::sSleepOnUnmount = false;
     mInternalEmulated->destroy();
@@ -591,6 +1282,7 @@
     for (const auto& disk : mDisks) {
         disk->destroy();
     }
+    mStubVolumes.clear();
     mDisks.clear();
     mPendingDisks.clear();
     android::vold::sSleepOnUnmount = true;
@@ -605,13 +1297,16 @@
     if (mInternalEmulated != nullptr) {
         mInternalEmulated->unmount();
     }
+    for (const auto& stub : mStubVolumes) {
+        stub->unmount();
+    }
     for (const auto& disk : mDisks) {
         disk->unmountAll();
     }
 
     // Worst case we might have some stale mounts lurking around, so
     // force unmount those just to be safe.
-    FILE* fp = setmntent("/proc/mounts", "r");
+    FILE* fp = setmntent("/proc/mounts", "re");
     if (fp == NULL) {
         PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to open /proc/mounts";
         return -errno;
@@ -623,9 +1318,12 @@
     mntent* mentry;
     while ((mentry = getmntent(fp)) != NULL) {
         auto test = std::string(mentry->mnt_dir);
-        if ((android::base::StartsWith(test, "/mnt/") &&
-             !android::base::StartsWith(test, "/mnt/vendor")) ||
-            android::base::StartsWith(test, "/storage/")) {
+        if ((StartsWith(test, "/mnt/") &&
+#ifdef __ANDROID_DEBUGGABLE__
+             !StartsWith(test, "/mnt/scratch") &&
+#endif
+             !StartsWith(test, "/mnt/vendor") && !StartsWith(test, "/mnt/product")) ||
+            StartsWith(test, "/storage/")) {
             toUnmount.push_front(test);
         }
     }
@@ -641,7 +1339,7 @@
 
 int VolumeManager::mkdirs(const std::string& path) {
     // Only offer to create directories for paths managed by vold
-    if (android::base::StartsWith(path, "/storage/")) {
+    if (StartsWith(path, "/storage/")) {
         // fs_mkdirs() does symlink checking and relative path enforcement
         return fs_mkdirs(path.c_str(), 0700);
     } else {
@@ -650,157 +1348,12 @@
     }
 }
 
-static size_t kAppFuseMaxMountPointName = 32;
-
-static android::status_t getMountPath(uid_t uid, const std::string& name, std::string* path) {
-    if (name.size() > kAppFuseMaxMountPointName) {
-        LOG(ERROR) << "AppFuse mount name is too long.";
-        return -EINVAL;
-    }
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < name.size(); i++) {
-        if (!isalnum(name[i])) {
-            LOG(ERROR) << "AppFuse mount name contains invalid character.";
-            return -EINVAL;
-        }
-    }
-    *path = android::base::StringPrintf("/mnt/appfuse/%d_%s", uid, name.c_str());
-    return android::OK;
-}
-
-static android::status_t mountInNamespace(uid_t uid, int device_fd, const std::string& path) {
-    // Remove existing mount.
-    android::vold::ForceUnmount(path);
-
-    const auto opts = android::base::StringPrintf(
-            "fd=%i,"
-            "rootmode=40000,"
-            "default_permissions,"
-            "allow_other,"
-            "user_id=%d,group_id=%d,"
-            "context=\"u:object_r:app_fuse_file:s0\","
-            "fscontext=u:object_r:app_fusefs:s0",
-            device_fd,
-            uid,
-            uid);
-
-    const int result = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(mount(
-            "/dev/fuse", path.c_str(), "fuse",
-            MS_NOSUID | MS_NODEV | MS_NOEXEC | MS_NOATIME, opts.c_str()));
-    if (result != 0) {
-        PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to mount " << path;
-        return -errno;
-    }
-
-    return android::OK;
-}
-
-static android::status_t runCommandInNamespace(const std::string& command,
-                                               uid_t uid,
-                                               pid_t pid,
-                                               const std::string& path,
-                                               int device_fd) {
-    if (DEBUG_APPFUSE) {
-        LOG(DEBUG) << "Run app fuse command " << command << " for the path " << path
-                   << " in namespace " << uid;
-    }
-
-    unique_fd dir(open("/proc", O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY | O_CLOEXEC));
-    if (dir.get() == -1) {
-        PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to open /proc";
-        return -errno;
-    }
-
-    // Obtains process file descriptor.
-    const std::string pid_str = android::base::StringPrintf("%d", pid);
-    const unique_fd pid_fd(
-            openat(dir.get(), pid_str.c_str(), O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY | O_CLOEXEC));
-    if (pid_fd.get() == -1) {
-        PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to open /proc/" << pid;
-        return -errno;
-    }
-
-    // Check UID of process.
-    {
-        struct stat sb;
-        const int result = fstat(pid_fd.get(), &sb);
-        if (result == -1) {
-            PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to stat /proc/" << pid;
-            return -errno;
-        }
-        if (sb.st_uid != AID_SYSTEM) {
-            LOG(ERROR) << "Only system can mount appfuse. UID expected=" << AID_SYSTEM
-                    << ", actual=" << sb.st_uid;
-            return -EPERM;
-        }
-    }
-
-    // Matches so far, but refuse to touch if in root namespace
-    {
-        std::string rootName;
-        std::string pidName;
-        if (!android::vold::Readlinkat(dir.get(), "1/ns/mnt", &rootName)
-                || !android::vold::Readlinkat(pid_fd.get(), "ns/mnt", &pidName)) {
-            PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to read namespaces";
-            return -EPERM;
-        }
-        if (rootName == pidName) {
-            LOG(ERROR) << "Don't mount appfuse in root namespace";
-            return -EPERM;
-        }
-    }
-
-    // We purposefully leave the namespace open across the fork
-    unique_fd ns_fd(openat(pid_fd.get(), "ns/mnt", O_RDONLY)); // not O_CLOEXEC
-    if (ns_fd.get() < 0) {
-        PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to open namespace for /proc/" << pid << "/ns/mnt";
-        return -errno;
-    }
-
-    int child = fork();
-    if (child == 0) {
-        if (setns(ns_fd.get(), CLONE_NEWNS) != 0) {
-            PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to setns";
-            _exit(-errno);
-        }
-
-        if (command == "mount") {
-            _exit(mountInNamespace(uid, device_fd, path));
-        } else if (command == "unmount") {
-            // If it's just after all FD opened on mount point are closed, umount2 can fail with
-            // EBUSY. To avoid the case, specify MNT_DETACH.
-            if (umount2(path.c_str(), UMOUNT_NOFOLLOW | MNT_DETACH) != 0 &&
-                    errno != EINVAL && errno != ENOENT) {
-                PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to unmount directory.";
-                _exit(-errno);
-            }
-            if (rmdir(path.c_str()) != 0) {
-                PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to remove the mount directory.";
-                _exit(-errno);
-            }
-            _exit(android::OK);
-        } else {
-            LOG(ERROR) << "Unknown appfuse command " << command;
-            _exit(-EPERM);
-        }
-    }
-
-    if (child == -1) {
-        PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to folk child process";
-        return -errno;
-    }
-
-    android::status_t status;
-    TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(waitpid(child, &status, 0));
-
-    return status;
-}
-
 int VolumeManager::createObb(const std::string& sourcePath, const std::string& sourceKey,
-        int32_t ownerGid, std::string* outVolId) {
+                             int32_t ownerGid, std::string* outVolId) {
     int id = mNextObbId++;
 
     auto vol = std::shared_ptr<android::vold::VolumeBase>(
-            new android::vold::ObbVolume(id, sourcePath, sourceKey, ownerGid));
+        new android::vold::ObbVolume(id, sourcePath, sourceKey, ownerGid));
     vol->create();
 
     mObbVolumes.push_back(vol);
@@ -821,44 +1374,40 @@
     return android::OK;
 }
 
-int VolumeManager::mountAppFuse(uid_t uid, pid_t pid, int mountId,
-        android::base::unique_fd* device_fd) {
-    std::string name = std::to_string(mountId);
+int VolumeManager::createStubVolume(const std::string& sourcePath, const std::string& mountPath,
+                                    const std::string& fsType, const std::string& fsUuid,
+                                    const std::string& fsLabel, std::string* outVolId) {
+    int id = mNextStubVolumeId++;
+    auto vol = std::shared_ptr<android::vold::VolumeBase>(
+        new android::vold::StubVolume(id, sourcePath, mountPath, fsType, fsUuid, fsLabel));
+    vol->create();
 
-    // Check mount point name.
-    std::string path;
-    if (getMountPath(uid, name, &path) != android::OK) {
-        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid mount point name";
-        return -1;
-    }
-
-    // Create directories.
-    const android::status_t result = android::vold::PrepareDir(path, 0700, 0, 0);
-    if (result != android::OK) {
-        PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to prepare directory " << path;
-        return -1;
-    }
-
-    // Open device FD.
-    device_fd->reset(open("/dev/fuse", O_RDWR)); // not O_CLOEXEC
-    if (device_fd->get() == -1) {
-        PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to open /dev/fuse";
-        return -1;
-    }
-
-    // Mount.
-    return runCommandInNamespace("mount", uid, pid, path, device_fd->get());
+    mStubVolumes.push_back(vol);
+    *outVolId = vol->getId();
+    return android::OK;
 }
 
-int VolumeManager::unmountAppFuse(uid_t uid, pid_t pid, int mountId) {
-    std::string name = std::to_string(mountId);
-
-    // Check mount point name.
-    std::string path;
-    if (getMountPath(uid, name, &path) != android::OK) {
-        LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid mount point name";
-        return -1;
+int VolumeManager::destroyStubVolume(const std::string& volId) {
+    auto i = mStubVolumes.begin();
+    while (i != mStubVolumes.end()) {
+        if ((*i)->getId() == volId) {
+            (*i)->destroy();
+            i = mStubVolumes.erase(i);
+        } else {
+            ++i;
+        }
     }
+    return android::OK;
+}
 
-    return runCommandInNamespace("unmount", uid, pid, path, -1 /* device_fd */);
+int VolumeManager::mountAppFuse(uid_t uid, int mountId, unique_fd* device_fd) {
+    return android::vold::MountAppFuse(uid, mountId, device_fd);
+}
+
+int VolumeManager::unmountAppFuse(uid_t uid, int mountId) {
+    return android::vold::UnmountAppFuse(uid, mountId);
+}
+
+int VolumeManager::openAppFuseFile(uid_t uid, int mountId, int fileId, int flags) {
+    return android::vold::OpenAppFuseFile(uid, mountId, fileId, flags);
 }
diff --git a/VolumeManager.h b/VolumeManager.h
index fb455d8..bb93b13 100644
--- a/VolumeManager.h
+++ b/VolumeManager.h
@@ -17,8 +17,8 @@
 #ifndef ANDROID_VOLD_VOLUME_MANAGER_H
 #define ANDROID_VOLD_VOLUME_MANAGER_H
 
-#include <pthread.h>
 #include <fnmatch.h>
+#include <pthread.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 
 #include <list>
@@ -29,24 +29,22 @@
 
 #include <android-base/unique_fd.h>
 #include <cutils/multiuser.h>
+#include <sysutils/NetlinkEvent.h>
 #include <utils/List.h>
 #include <utils/Timers.h>
-#include <sysutils/NetlinkEvent.h>
 
 #include "android/os/IVoldListener.h"
 
 #include "model/Disk.h"
 #include "model/VolumeBase.h"
 
-#define DEBUG_APPFUSE 0
-
 class VolumeManager {
-private:
-    static VolumeManager *sInstance;
+  private:
+    static VolumeManager* sInstance;
 
-    bool                   mDebug;
+    bool mDebug;
 
-public:
+  public:
     virtual ~VolumeManager();
 
     // TODO: pipe all requests through VM to avoid exposing this lock
@@ -54,27 +52,26 @@
     std::mutex& getCryptLock() { return mCryptLock; }
 
     void setListener(android::sp<android::os::IVoldListener> listener) { mListener = listener; }
-    android::sp<android::os::IVoldListener> getListener() { return mListener; }
+    android::sp<android::os::IVoldListener> getListener() const { return mListener; }
 
     int start();
     int stop();
 
-    void handleBlockEvent(NetlinkEvent *evt);
+    void handleBlockEvent(NetlinkEvent* evt);
 
     class DiskSource {
-    public:
-        DiskSource(const std::string& sysPattern, const std::string& nickname, int flags) :
-                mSysPattern(sysPattern), mNickname(nickname), mFlags(flags) {
-        }
+      public:
+        DiskSource(const std::string& sysPattern, const std::string& nickname, int flags)
+            : mSysPattern(sysPattern), mNickname(nickname), mFlags(flags) {}
 
         bool matches(const std::string& sysPath) {
             return !fnmatch(mSysPattern.c_str(), sysPath.c_str(), 0);
         }
 
-        const std::string& getNickname() { return mNickname; }
-        int getFlags() { return mFlags; }
+        const std::string& getNickname() const { return mNickname; }
+        int getFlags() const { return mFlags; }
 
-    private:
+      private:
         std::string mSysPattern;
         std::string mNickname;
         int mFlags;
@@ -85,20 +82,33 @@
     std::shared_ptr<android::vold::Disk> findDisk(const std::string& id);
     std::shared_ptr<android::vold::VolumeBase> findVolume(const std::string& id);
 
-    void listVolumes(android::vold::VolumeBase::Type type, std::list<std::string>& list);
+    void listVolumes(android::vold::VolumeBase::Type type, std::list<std::string>& list) const;
 
     int forgetPartition(const std::string& partGuid, const std::string& fsUuid);
 
     int onUserAdded(userid_t userId, int userSerialNumber);
     int onUserRemoved(userid_t userId);
-    int onUserStarted(userid_t userId);
+    int onUserStarted(userid_t userId, const std::vector<std::string>& packageNames,
+                      const std::vector<int>& appIds, const std::vector<std::string>& sandboxIds);
     int onUserStopped(userid_t userId);
 
+    int addAppIds(const std::vector<std::string>& packageNames, const std::vector<int32_t>& appIds);
+    int addSandboxIds(const std::vector<int32_t>& appIds,
+                      const std::vector<std::string>& sandboxIds);
+    int prepareSandboxForApp(const std::string& packageName, appid_t appId,
+                             const std::string& sandboxId, userid_t userId);
+    int destroySandboxForApp(const std::string& packageName, const std::string& sandboxId,
+                             userid_t userId);
+
+    int onVolumeMounted(android::vold::VolumeBase* vol);
+    int onVolumeUnmounted(android::vold::VolumeBase* vol);
+
     int onSecureKeyguardStateChanged(bool isShowing);
 
     int setPrimary(const std::shared_ptr<android::vold::VolumeBase>& vol);
 
-    int remountUid(uid_t uid, const std::string& mode);
+    int remountUid(uid_t uid, int32_t remountMode);
+    int remountUidLegacy(uid_t uid, int32_t remountMode);
 
     /* Reset all internal state, typically during framework boot */
     int reset();
@@ -110,7 +120,7 @@
     int updateVirtualDisk();
     int setDebug(bool enable);
 
-    static VolumeManager *Instance();
+    static VolumeManager* Instance();
 
     /*
      * Ensure that all directories along given path exist, creating parent
@@ -122,18 +132,44 @@
     int mkdirs(const std::string& path);
 
     int createObb(const std::string& path, const std::string& key, int32_t ownerGid,
-            std::string* outVolId);
+                  std::string* outVolId);
     int destroyObb(const std::string& volId);
 
-    int mountAppFuse(uid_t uid, pid_t pid, int mountId, android::base::unique_fd* device_fd);
-    int unmountAppFuse(uid_t uid, pid_t pid, int mountId);
+    int createStubVolume(const std::string& sourcePath, const std::string& mountPath,
+                         const std::string& fsType, const std::string& fsUuid,
+                         const std::string& fsLabel, std::string* outVolId);
+    int destroyStubVolume(const std::string& volId);
 
-private:
+    int mountAppFuse(uid_t uid, int mountId, android::base::unique_fd* device_fd);
+    int unmountAppFuse(uid_t uid, int mountId);
+    int openAppFuseFile(uid_t uid, int mountId, int fileId, int flags);
+
+  private:
     VolumeManager();
     void readInitialState();
 
     int linkPrimary(userid_t userId);
 
+    int prepareSandboxes(userid_t userId, const std::vector<std::string>& packageNames,
+                         const std::vector<std::string>& visibleVolLabels);
+    int prepareSandboxTargets(userid_t userId, const std::vector<std::string>& visibleVolLabels);
+    int handleMountModeInstaller(int mountMode, int obbMountDirFd, const std::string& obbMountDir,
+                                 const std::string& sandboxId);
+    int mountPkgSpecificDirsForRunningProcs(userid_t userId,
+                                            const std::vector<std::string>& packageNames,
+                                            const std::vector<std::string>& visibleVolLabels,
+                                            int remountMode);
+    int destroySandboxesForVol(android::vold::VolumeBase* vol, userid_t userId);
+    std::string prepareSubDirs(const std::string& pathPrefix, const std::string& subDirs,
+                               mode_t mode, uid_t uid, gid_t gid);
+    bool createPkgSpecificDirRoots(const std::string& volumeRoot);
+    int mountPkgSpecificDir(const std::string& mntSourceRoot, const std::string& mntTargetRoot,
+                            const std::string& packageName, const char* dirName);
+    int destroySandboxForAppOnVol(const std::string& packageName, const std::string& sandboxId,
+                                  userid_t userId, const std::string& volLabel);
+    int getMountModeForRunningProc(const std::vector<std::string>& packagesForUid, userid_t userId,
+                                   struct stat& mntWriteStat, struct stat& mntFullStat);
+
     void handleDiskAdded(const std::shared_ptr<android::vold::Disk>& disk);
     void handleDiskChanged(dev_t device);
     void handleDiskRemoved(dev_t device);
@@ -147,6 +183,7 @@
     std::list<std::shared_ptr<android::vold::Disk>> mDisks;
     std::list<std::shared_ptr<android::vold::Disk>> mPendingDisks;
     std::list<std::shared_ptr<android::vold::VolumeBase>> mObbVolumes;
+    std::list<std::shared_ptr<android::vold::VolumeBase>> mStubVolumes;
 
     std::unordered_map<userid_t, int> mAddedUsers;
     std::unordered_set<userid_t> mStartedUsers;
@@ -156,7 +193,13 @@
     std::shared_ptr<android::vold::VolumeBase> mInternalEmulated;
     std::shared_ptr<android::vold::VolumeBase> mPrimary;
 
+    std::unordered_map<std::string, appid_t> mAppIds;
+    std::unordered_map<appid_t, std::string> mSandboxIds;
+    std::unordered_map<userid_t, std::vector<std::string>> mUserPackages;
+    std::unordered_set<std::string> mVisibleVolumeIds;
+
     int mNextObbId;
+    int mNextStubVolumeId;
     bool mSecureKeyguardShowing;
 };
 
diff --git a/binder/android/os/IVold.aidl b/binder/android/os/IVold.aidl
index 8300a8e..cc23498 100644
--- a/binder/android/os/IVold.aidl
+++ b/binder/android/os/IVold.aidl
@@ -29,9 +29,13 @@
 
     void onUserAdded(int userId, int userSerial);
     void onUserRemoved(int userId);
-    void onUserStarted(int userId);
+    void onUserStarted(int userId, in @utf8InCpp String[] packageNames, in int[] appIds,
+            in @utf8InCpp String[] sandboxIds);
     void onUserStopped(int userId);
 
+    void addAppIds(in @utf8InCpp String[] packageNames, in int[] appIds);
+    void addSandboxIds(in int[] appIds, in @utf8InCpp String[] sandboxIds);
+
     void onSecureKeyguardStateChanged(boolean isShowing);
 
     void partition(@utf8InCpp String diskId, int partitionType, int ratio);
@@ -44,22 +48,22 @@
     void checkEncryption(@utf8InCpp String volId);
 
     void moveStorage(@utf8InCpp String fromVolId, @utf8InCpp String toVolId,
-            IVoldTaskListener listener);
+                     IVoldTaskListener listener);
 
     void remountUid(int uid, int remountMode);
 
     void mkdirs(@utf8InCpp String path);
 
-    @utf8InCpp String createObb(@utf8InCpp String sourcePath,
-            @utf8InCpp String sourceKey, int ownerGid);
+    @utf8InCpp String createObb(@utf8InCpp String sourcePath, @utf8InCpp String sourceKey,
+                                int ownerGid);
     void destroyObb(@utf8InCpp String volId);
 
     void fstrim(int fstrimFlags, IVoldTaskListener listener);
     void runIdleMaint(IVoldTaskListener listener);
     void abortIdleMaint(IVoldTaskListener listener);
 
-    FileDescriptor mountAppFuse(int uid, int pid, int mountId);
-    void unmountAppFuse(int uid, int pid, int mountId);
+    FileDescriptor mountAppFuse(int uid, int mountId);
+    void unmountAppFuse(int uid, int mountId);
 
     void fdeCheckPassword(@utf8InCpp String password);
     void fdeRestart();
@@ -84,15 +88,43 @@
     void createUserKey(int userId, int userSerial, boolean ephemeral);
     void destroyUserKey(int userId);
 
-    void addUserKeyAuth(int userId, int userSerial, @utf8InCpp String token, @utf8InCpp String secret);
+    void addUserKeyAuth(int userId, int userSerial, @utf8InCpp String token,
+                        @utf8InCpp String secret);
     void fixateNewestUserKeyAuth(int userId);
 
-    void unlockUserKey(int userId, int userSerial, @utf8InCpp String token, @utf8InCpp String secret);
+    void unlockUserKey(int userId, int userSerial, @utf8InCpp String token,
+                       @utf8InCpp String secret);
     void lockUserKey(int userId);
 
-    void prepareUserStorage(@nullable @utf8InCpp String uuid, int userId, int userSerial, int storageFlags);
+    void prepareUserStorage(@nullable @utf8InCpp String uuid, int userId, int userSerial,
+                            int storageFlags);
     void destroyUserStorage(@nullable @utf8InCpp String uuid, int userId, int storageFlags);
 
+    void prepareSandboxForApp(in @utf8InCpp String packageName, int appId,
+                              in @utf8InCpp String sandboxId, int userId);
+    void destroySandboxForApp(in @utf8InCpp String packageName,
+                              in @utf8InCpp String sandboxId, int userId);
+
+    void startCheckpoint(int retry);
+    boolean needsCheckpoint();
+    boolean needsRollback();
+    void abortChanges(in @utf8InCpp String device, boolean retry);
+    void commitChanges();
+    void prepareCheckpoint();
+    void restoreCheckpoint(@utf8InCpp String device);
+    void restoreCheckpointPart(@utf8InCpp String device, int count);
+    void markBootAttempt();
+    boolean supportsCheckpoint();
+    boolean supportsBlockCheckpoint();
+    boolean supportsFileCheckpoint();
+
+    @utf8InCpp String createStubVolume(@utf8InCpp String sourcePath,
+            @utf8InCpp String mountPath, @utf8InCpp String fsType,
+            @utf8InCpp String fsUuid, @utf8InCpp String fsLabel);
+    void destroyStubVolume(@utf8InCpp String volId);
+
+    FileDescriptor openAppFuseFile(int uid, int mountId, int fileId, int flags);
+
     const int ENCRYPTION_FLAG_NO_UI = 4;
 
     const int ENCRYPTION_STATE_NONE = 1;
@@ -113,8 +145,8 @@
 
     const int PASSWORD_TYPE_PASSWORD = 0;
     const int PASSWORD_TYPE_DEFAULT = 1;
-    const int PASSWORD_TYPE_PIN = 2;
-    const int PASSWORD_TYPE_PATTERN = 3;
+    const int PASSWORD_TYPE_PATTERN = 2;
+    const int PASSWORD_TYPE_PIN = 3;
 
     const int STORAGE_FLAG_DE = 1;
     const int STORAGE_FLAG_CE = 2;
@@ -123,6 +155,9 @@
     const int REMOUNT_MODE_DEFAULT = 1;
     const int REMOUNT_MODE_READ = 2;
     const int REMOUNT_MODE_WRITE = 3;
+    const int REMOUNT_MODE_LEGACY = 4;
+    const int REMOUNT_MODE_INSTALLER = 5;
+    const int REMOUNT_MODE_FULL = 6;
 
     const int VOLUME_STATE_UNMOUNTED = 0;
     const int VOLUME_STATE_CHECKING = 1;
@@ -139,4 +174,5 @@
     const int VOLUME_TYPE_EMULATED = 2;
     const int VOLUME_TYPE_ASEC = 3;
     const int VOLUME_TYPE_OBB = 4;
+    const int VOLUME_TYPE_STUB = 5;
 }
diff --git a/cryptfs.cpp b/cryptfs.cpp
index c5024ae..400a616 100644
--- a/cryptfs.cpp
+++ b/cryptfs.cpp
@@ -20,53 +20,66 @@
  *
  */
 
-#include <sys/types.h>
-#include <sys/wait.h>
-#include <sys/stat.h>
-#include <ctype.h>
-#include <fcntl.h>
-#include <inttypes.h>
-#include <unistd.h>
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <sys/ioctl.h>
-#include <linux/dm-ioctl.h>
-#include <libgen.h>
-#include <stdlib.h>
-#include <sys/param.h>
-#include <string.h>
-#include <sys/mount.h>
+#define LOG_TAG "Cryptfs"
+
+#include "cryptfs.h"
+
+#include "Checkpoint.h"
+#include "EncryptInplace.h"
+#include "FsCrypt.h"
+#include "Keymaster.h"
+#include "Process.h"
+#include "ScryptParameters.h"
+#include "Utils.h"
+#include "VoldUtil.h"
+#include "VolumeManager.h"
+
+#include <android-base/parseint.h>
+#include <android-base/properties.h>
+#include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
+#include <bootloader_message/bootloader_message.h>
+#include <cutils/android_reboot.h>
+#include <cutils/properties.h>
+#include <ext4_utils/ext4_utils.h>
+#include <f2fs_sparseblock.h>
+#include <fs_mgr.h>
+#include <fscrypt/fscrypt.h>
+#include <hardware_legacy/power.h>
+#include <log/log.h>
+#include <logwrap/logwrap.h>
 #include <openssl/evp.h>
 #include <openssl/sha.h>
-#include <errno.h>
-#include <ext4_utils/ext4_crypt.h>
-#include <ext4_utils/ext4_utils.h>
-#include <linux/kdev_t.h>
-#include <fs_mgr.h>
-#include <time.h>
-#include <math.h>
 #include <selinux/selinux.h>
-#include "cryptfs.h"
-#include "secontext.h"
-#define LOG_TAG "Cryptfs"
-#include "cutils/log.h"
-#include "cutils/properties.h"
-#include "cutils/android_reboot.h"
-#include "hardware_legacy/power.h"
-#include <logwrap/logwrap.h>
-#include "ScryptParameters.h"
-#include "VolumeManager.h"
-#include "VoldUtil.h"
-#include "Ext4Crypt.h"
-#include "f2fs_sparseblock.h"
-#include "EncryptInplace.h"
-#include "Process.h"
-#include "Keymaster.h"
-#include "android-base/properties.h"
-#include <bootloader_message/bootloader_message.h>
+
+#include <ctype.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <inttypes.h>
+#include <libgen.h>
+#include <linux/dm-ioctl.h>
+#include <linux/kdev_t.h>
+#include <math.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <sys/ioctl.h>
+#include <sys/mount.h>
+#include <sys/param.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/wait.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
 extern "C" {
 #include <crypto_scrypt.h>
 }
 
+using android::base::ParseUint;
+using android::base::StringPrintf;
+using android::fs_mgr::GetEntryForMountPoint;
+using namespace std::chrono_literals;
+
 #define UNUSED __attribute__((unused))
 
 #define DM_CRYPT_BUF_SIZE 4096
@@ -75,14 +88,12 @@
 
 constexpr size_t INTERMEDIATE_KEY_LEN_BYTES = 16;
 constexpr size_t INTERMEDIATE_IV_LEN_BYTES = 16;
-constexpr size_t INTERMEDIATE_BUF_SIZE =
-    (INTERMEDIATE_KEY_LEN_BYTES + INTERMEDIATE_IV_LEN_BYTES);
+constexpr size_t INTERMEDIATE_BUF_SIZE = (INTERMEDIATE_KEY_LEN_BYTES + INTERMEDIATE_IV_LEN_BYTES);
 
 // SCRYPT_LEN is used by struct crypt_mnt_ftr for its intermediate key.
-static_assert(INTERMEDIATE_BUF_SIZE == SCRYPT_LEN,
-              "Mismatch of intermediate key sizes");
+static_assert(INTERMEDIATE_BUF_SIZE == SCRYPT_LEN, "Mismatch of intermediate key sizes");
 
-#define KEY_IN_FOOTER  "footer"
+#define KEY_IN_FOOTER "footer"
 
 #define DEFAULT_PASSWORD "default_password"
 
@@ -108,27 +119,25 @@
 static int put_crypt_ftr_and_key(struct crypt_mnt_ftr* crypt_ftr);
 
 static unsigned char saved_master_key[MAX_KEY_LEN];
-static char *saved_mount_point;
-static int  master_key_saved = 0;
-static struct crypt_persist_data *persist_data = NULL;
+static char* saved_mount_point;
+static int master_key_saved = 0;
+static struct crypt_persist_data* persist_data = NULL;
 
 /* Should we use keymaster? */
-static int keymaster_check_compatibility()
-{
+static int keymaster_check_compatibility() {
     return keymaster_compatibility_cryptfs_scrypt();
 }
 
 /* Create a new keymaster key and store it in this footer */
-static int keymaster_create_key(struct crypt_mnt_ftr *ftr)
-{
+static int keymaster_create_key(struct crypt_mnt_ftr* ftr) {
     if (ftr->keymaster_blob_size) {
         SLOGI("Already have key");
         return 0;
     }
 
-    int rc = keymaster_create_key_for_cryptfs_scrypt(RSA_KEY_SIZE, RSA_EXPONENT,
-            KEYMASTER_CRYPTFS_RATE_LIMIT, ftr->keymaster_blob, KEYMASTER_BLOB_SIZE,
-            &ftr->keymaster_blob_size);
+    int rc = keymaster_create_key_for_cryptfs_scrypt(
+        RSA_KEY_SIZE, RSA_EXPONENT, KEYMASTER_CRYPTFS_RATE_LIMIT, ftr->keymaster_blob,
+        KEYMASTER_BLOB_SIZE, &ftr->keymaster_blob_size);
     if (rc) {
         if (ftr->keymaster_blob_size > KEYMASTER_BLOB_SIZE) {
             SLOGE("Keymaster key blob too large");
@@ -141,12 +150,9 @@
 }
 
 /* This signs the given object using the keymaster key. */
-static int keymaster_sign_object(struct crypt_mnt_ftr *ftr,
-                                 const unsigned char *object,
-                                 const size_t object_size,
-                                 unsigned char **signature,
-                                 size_t *signature_size)
-{
+static int keymaster_sign_object(struct crypt_mnt_ftr* ftr, const unsigned char* object,
+                                 const size_t object_size, unsigned char** signature,
+                                 size_t* signature_size) {
     unsigned char to_sign[RSA_KEY_SIZE_BYTES];
     size_t to_sign_size = sizeof(to_sign);
     memset(to_sign, 0, RSA_KEY_SIZE_BYTES);
@@ -225,21 +231,20 @@
 static int password_expiry_time = 0;
 static const int password_max_age_seconds = 60;
 
-enum class RebootType {reboot, recovery, shutdown};
-static void cryptfs_reboot(RebootType rt)
-{
-  switch (rt) {
-      case RebootType::reboot:
-          property_set(ANDROID_RB_PROPERTY, "reboot");
-          break;
+enum class RebootType { reboot, recovery, shutdown };
+static void cryptfs_reboot(RebootType rt) {
+    switch (rt) {
+        case RebootType::reboot:
+            property_set(ANDROID_RB_PROPERTY, "reboot");
+            break;
 
-      case RebootType::recovery:
-          property_set(ANDROID_RB_PROPERTY, "reboot,recovery");
-          break;
+        case RebootType::recovery:
+            property_set(ANDROID_RB_PROPERTY, "reboot,recovery");
+            break;
 
-      case RebootType::shutdown:
-          property_set(ANDROID_RB_PROPERTY, "shutdown");
-          break;
+        case RebootType::shutdown:
+            property_set(ANDROID_RB_PROPERTY, "shutdown");
+            break;
     }
 
     sleep(20);
@@ -248,8 +253,7 @@
     return;
 }
 
-static void ioctl_init(struct dm_ioctl *io, size_t dataSize, const char *name, unsigned flags)
-{
+static void ioctl_init(struct dm_ioctl* io, size_t dataSize, const char* name, unsigned flags) {
     memset(io, 0, dataSize);
     io->data_size = dataSize;
     io->data_start = sizeof(struct dm_ioctl);
@@ -267,7 +271,7 @@
 struct CryptoType;
 
 // Use to get the CryptoType in use on this device.
-const CryptoType &get_crypto_type();
+const CryptoType& get_crypto_type();
 
 struct CryptoType {
     // We should only be constructing CryptoTypes as part of
@@ -279,60 +283,64 @@
     constexpr CryptoType set_keysize(uint32_t size) const {
         return CryptoType(this->property_name, this->crypto_name, size);
     }
-    constexpr CryptoType set_property_name(const char *property) const {
+    constexpr CryptoType set_property_name(const char* property) const {
         return CryptoType(property, this->crypto_name, this->keysize);
     }
-    constexpr CryptoType set_crypto_name(const char *crypto) const {
+    constexpr CryptoType set_crypto_name(const char* crypto) const {
         return CryptoType(this->property_name, crypto, this->keysize);
     }
 
-    constexpr const char *get_property_name() const { return property_name; }
-    constexpr const char *get_crypto_name() const { return crypto_name; }
+    constexpr const char* get_property_name() const { return property_name; }
+    constexpr const char* get_crypto_name() const { return crypto_name; }
     constexpr uint32_t get_keysize() const { return keysize; }
 
- private:
-    const char *property_name;
-    const char *crypto_name;
+  private:
+    const char* property_name;
+    const char* crypto_name;
     uint32_t keysize;
 
-    constexpr CryptoType(const char *property, const char *crypto,
-                         uint32_t ksize)
+    constexpr CryptoType(const char* property, const char* crypto, uint32_t ksize)
         : property_name(property), crypto_name(crypto), keysize(ksize) {}
-    friend const CryptoType &get_crypto_type();
-    static const CryptoType &get_device_crypto_algorithm();
+    friend const CryptoType& get_crypto_type();
+    static const CryptoType& get_device_crypto_algorithm();
 };
 
 // We only want to parse this read-only property once.  But we need to wait
 // until the system is initialized before we can read it.  So we use a static
 // scoped within this function to get it only once.
-const CryptoType &get_crypto_type() {
+const CryptoType& get_crypto_type() {
     static CryptoType crypto_type = CryptoType::get_device_crypto_algorithm();
     return crypto_type;
 }
 
 constexpr CryptoType default_crypto_type = CryptoType()
-    .set_property_name("AES-128-CBC")
-    .set_crypto_name("aes-cbc-essiv:sha256")
-    .set_keysize(16);
+                                               .set_property_name("AES-128-CBC")
+                                               .set_crypto_name("aes-cbc-essiv:sha256")
+                                               .set_keysize(16);
 
 constexpr CryptoType supported_crypto_types[] = {
     default_crypto_type,
+    CryptoType()
+        .set_property_name("adiantum")
+        .set_crypto_name("xchacha12,aes-adiantum-plain64")
+        .set_keysize(32),
     // Add new CryptoTypes here.  Order is not important.
 };
 
-
 // ---------- START COMPILE-TIME SANITY CHECK BLOCK -------------------------
 // We confirm all supported_crypto_types have a small enough keysize and
 // had both set_property_name() and set_crypto_name() called.
 
 template <typename T, size_t N>
-constexpr size_t array_length(T (&)[N]) { return N; }
+constexpr size_t array_length(T (&)[N]) {
+    return N;
+}
 
 constexpr bool indexOutOfBoundsForCryptoTypes(size_t index) {
     return (index >= array_length(supported_crypto_types));
 }
 
-constexpr bool isValidCryptoType(const CryptoType &crypto_type) {
+constexpr bool isValidCryptoType(const CryptoType& crypto_type) {
     return ((crypto_type.get_property_name() != nullptr) &&
             (crypto_type.get_crypto_name() != nullptr) &&
             (crypto_type.get_keysize() <= MAX_KEY_LEN));
@@ -343,8 +351,8 @@
 // but it's asserting at compile time that all of our key lengths are valid.
 constexpr bool validateSupportedCryptoTypes(size_t index) {
     return indexOutOfBoundsForCryptoTypes(index) ||
-        (isValidCryptoType(supported_crypto_types[index]) &&
-         validateSupportedCryptoTypes(index + 1));
+           (isValidCryptoType(supported_crypto_types[index]) &&
+            validateSupportedCryptoTypes(index + 1));
 }
 
 static_assert(validateSupportedCryptoTypes(0),
@@ -352,34 +360,30 @@
               "incompletely constructed.");
 //  ---------- END COMPILE-TIME SANITY CHECK BLOCK -------------------------
 
-
 // Don't call this directly, use get_crypto_type(), which caches this result.
-const CryptoType &CryptoType::get_device_crypto_algorithm() {
+const CryptoType& CryptoType::get_device_crypto_algorithm() {
     constexpr char CRYPT_ALGO_PROP[] = "ro.crypto.fde_algorithm";
     char paramstr[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
 
-    property_get(CRYPT_ALGO_PROP, paramstr,
-                 default_crypto_type.get_property_name());
-    for (auto const &ctype : supported_crypto_types) {
+    property_get(CRYPT_ALGO_PROP, paramstr, default_crypto_type.get_property_name());
+    for (auto const& ctype : supported_crypto_types) {
         if (strcmp(paramstr, ctype.get_property_name()) == 0) {
             return ctype;
         }
     }
-    ALOGE("Invalid name (%s) for %s.  Defaulting to %s\n", paramstr,
-          CRYPT_ALGO_PROP, default_crypto_type.get_property_name());
+    ALOGE("Invalid name (%s) for %s.  Defaulting to %s\n", paramstr, CRYPT_ALGO_PROP,
+          default_crypto_type.get_property_name());
     return default_crypto_type;
 }
 
 }  // namespace
 
-
-
 /**
  * Gets the default device scrypt parameters for key derivation time tuning.
  * The parameters should lead to about one second derivation time for the
  * given device.
  */
-static void get_device_scrypt_params(struct crypt_mnt_ftr *ftr) {
+static void get_device_scrypt_params(struct crypt_mnt_ftr* ftr) {
     char paramstr[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
     int Nf, rf, pf;
 
@@ -397,17 +401,16 @@
     return get_crypto_type().get_keysize();
 }
 
-const char *cryptfs_get_crypto_name() {
+const char* cryptfs_get_crypto_name() {
     return get_crypto_type().get_crypto_name();
 }
 
-static unsigned int get_fs_size(char *dev)
-{
+static uint64_t get_fs_size(const char* dev) {
     int fd, block_size;
     struct ext4_super_block sb;
-    off64_t len;
+    uint64_t len;
 
-    if ((fd = open(dev, O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC)) < 0) {
+    if ((fd = open(dev, O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC)) < 0) {
         SLOGE("Cannot open device to get filesystem size ");
         return 0;
     }
@@ -430,68 +433,75 @@
     }
     block_size = 1024 << sb.s_log_block_size;
     /* compute length in bytes */
-    len = ( ((off64_t)sb.s_blocks_count_hi << 32) + sb.s_blocks_count_lo) * block_size;
+    len = (((uint64_t)sb.s_blocks_count_hi << 32) + sb.s_blocks_count_lo) * block_size;
 
     /* return length in sectors */
-    return (unsigned int) (len / 512);
+    return len / 512;
 }
 
-static int get_crypt_ftr_info(char **metadata_fname, off64_t *off)
-{
-  static int cached_data = 0;
-  static off64_t cached_off = 0;
-  static char cached_metadata_fname[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX] = "";
-  int fd;
-  char key_loc[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
-  char real_blkdev[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
-  int rc = -1;
-
-  if (!cached_data) {
-    fs_mgr_get_crypt_info(fstab_default, key_loc, real_blkdev, sizeof(key_loc));
-
-    if (!strcmp(key_loc, KEY_IN_FOOTER)) {
-      if ( (fd = open(real_blkdev, O_RDWR|O_CLOEXEC)) < 0) {
-        SLOGE("Cannot open real block device %s\n", real_blkdev);
-        return -1;
-      }
-
-      unsigned long nr_sec = 0;
-      get_blkdev_size(fd, &nr_sec);
-      if (nr_sec != 0) {
-        /* If it's an encrypted Android partition, the last 16 Kbytes contain the
-         * encryption info footer and key, and plenty of bytes to spare for future
-         * growth.
-         */
-        strlcpy(cached_metadata_fname, real_blkdev, sizeof(cached_metadata_fname));
-        cached_off = ((off64_t)nr_sec * 512) - CRYPT_FOOTER_OFFSET;
-        cached_data = 1;
-      } else {
-        SLOGE("Cannot get size of block device %s\n", real_blkdev);
-      }
-      close(fd);
-    } else {
-      strlcpy(cached_metadata_fname, key_loc, sizeof(cached_metadata_fname));
-      cached_off = 0;
-      cached_data = 1;
+static void get_crypt_info(std::string* key_loc, std::string* real_blk_device) {
+    for (const auto& entry : fstab_default) {
+        if (!entry.fs_mgr_flags.vold_managed &&
+            (entry.fs_mgr_flags.crypt || entry.fs_mgr_flags.force_crypt ||
+             entry.fs_mgr_flags.force_fde_or_fbe || entry.fs_mgr_flags.file_encryption)) {
+            if (key_loc != nullptr) {
+                *key_loc = entry.key_loc;
+            }
+            if (real_blk_device != nullptr) {
+                *real_blk_device = entry.blk_device;
+            }
+            return;
+        }
     }
-  }
+}
 
-  if (cached_data) {
-    if (metadata_fname) {
-        *metadata_fname = cached_metadata_fname;
-    }
-    if (off) {
-        *off = cached_off;
-    }
-    rc = 0;
-  }
+static int get_crypt_ftr_info(char** metadata_fname, off64_t* off) {
+    static int cached_data = 0;
+    static uint64_t cached_off = 0;
+    static char cached_metadata_fname[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX] = "";
+    char key_loc[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
+    char real_blkdev[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
+    int rc = -1;
 
-  return rc;
+    if (!cached_data) {
+        std::string key_loc;
+        std::string real_blkdev;
+        get_crypt_info(&key_loc, &real_blkdev);
+
+        if (key_loc == KEY_IN_FOOTER) {
+            if (android::vold::GetBlockDevSize(real_blkdev, &cached_off) == android::OK) {
+                /* If it's an encrypted Android partition, the last 16 Kbytes contain the
+                 * encryption info footer and key, and plenty of bytes to spare for future
+                 * growth.
+                 */
+                strlcpy(cached_metadata_fname, real_blkdev.c_str(), sizeof(cached_metadata_fname));
+                cached_off -= CRYPT_FOOTER_OFFSET;
+                cached_data = 1;
+            } else {
+                SLOGE("Cannot get size of block device %s\n", real_blkdev.c_str());
+            }
+        } else {
+            strlcpy(cached_metadata_fname, key_loc.c_str(), sizeof(cached_metadata_fname));
+            cached_off = 0;
+            cached_data = 1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (cached_data) {
+        if (metadata_fname) {
+            *metadata_fname = cached_metadata_fname;
+        }
+        if (off) {
+            *off = cached_off;
+        }
+        rc = 0;
+    }
+
+    return rc;
 }
 
 /* Set sha256 checksum in structure */
-static void set_ftr_sha(struct crypt_mnt_ftr *crypt_ftr)
-{
+static void set_ftr_sha(struct crypt_mnt_ftr* crypt_ftr) {
     SHA256_CTX c;
     SHA256_Init(&c);
     memset(crypt_ftr->sha256, 0, sizeof(crypt_ftr->sha256));
@@ -502,82 +512,76 @@
 /* key or salt can be NULL, in which case just skip writing that value.  Useful to
  * update the failed mount count but not change the key.
  */
-static int put_crypt_ftr_and_key(struct crypt_mnt_ftr *crypt_ftr)
-{
-  int fd;
-  unsigned int cnt;
-  /* starting_off is set to the SEEK_SET offset
-   * where the crypto structure starts
-   */
-  off64_t starting_off;
-  int rc = -1;
-  char *fname = NULL;
-  struct stat statbuf;
+static int put_crypt_ftr_and_key(struct crypt_mnt_ftr* crypt_ftr) {
+    int fd;
+    unsigned int cnt;
+    /* starting_off is set to the SEEK_SET offset
+     * where the crypto structure starts
+     */
+    off64_t starting_off;
+    int rc = -1;
+    char* fname = NULL;
+    struct stat statbuf;
 
-  set_ftr_sha(crypt_ftr);
+    set_ftr_sha(crypt_ftr);
 
-  if (get_crypt_ftr_info(&fname, &starting_off)) {
-    SLOGE("Unable to get crypt_ftr_info\n");
-    return -1;
-  }
-  if (fname[0] != '/') {
-    SLOGE("Unexpected value for crypto key location\n");
-    return -1;
-  }
-  if ( (fd = open(fname, O_RDWR | O_CREAT|O_CLOEXEC, 0600)) < 0) {
-    SLOGE("Cannot open footer file %s for put\n", fname);
-    return -1;
-  }
-
-  /* Seek to the start of the crypt footer */
-  if (lseek64(fd, starting_off, SEEK_SET) == -1) {
-    SLOGE("Cannot seek to real block device footer\n");
-    goto errout;
-  }
-
-  if ((cnt = write(fd, crypt_ftr, sizeof(struct crypt_mnt_ftr))) != sizeof(struct crypt_mnt_ftr)) {
-    SLOGE("Cannot write real block device footer\n");
-    goto errout;
-  }
-
-  fstat(fd, &statbuf);
-  /* If the keys are kept on a raw block device, do not try to truncate it. */
-  if (S_ISREG(statbuf.st_mode)) {
-    if (ftruncate(fd, 0x4000)) {
-      SLOGE("Cannot set footer file size\n");
-      goto errout;
+    if (get_crypt_ftr_info(&fname, &starting_off)) {
+        SLOGE("Unable to get crypt_ftr_info\n");
+        return -1;
     }
-  }
+    if (fname[0] != '/') {
+        SLOGE("Unexpected value for crypto key location\n");
+        return -1;
+    }
+    if ((fd = open(fname, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_CLOEXEC, 0600)) < 0) {
+        SLOGE("Cannot open footer file %s for put\n", fname);
+        return -1;
+    }
 
-  /* Success! */
-  rc = 0;
+    /* Seek to the start of the crypt footer */
+    if (lseek64(fd, starting_off, SEEK_SET) == -1) {
+        SLOGE("Cannot seek to real block device footer\n");
+        goto errout;
+    }
+
+    if ((cnt = write(fd, crypt_ftr, sizeof(struct crypt_mnt_ftr))) != sizeof(struct crypt_mnt_ftr)) {
+        SLOGE("Cannot write real block device footer\n");
+        goto errout;
+    }
+
+    fstat(fd, &statbuf);
+    /* If the keys are kept on a raw block device, do not try to truncate it. */
+    if (S_ISREG(statbuf.st_mode)) {
+        if (ftruncate(fd, 0x4000)) {
+            SLOGE("Cannot set footer file size\n");
+            goto errout;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* Success! */
+    rc = 0;
 
 errout:
-  close(fd);
-  return rc;
-
+    close(fd);
+    return rc;
 }
 
-static bool check_ftr_sha(const struct crypt_mnt_ftr *crypt_ftr)
-{
+static bool check_ftr_sha(const struct crypt_mnt_ftr* crypt_ftr) {
     struct crypt_mnt_ftr copy;
     memcpy(&copy, crypt_ftr, sizeof(copy));
     set_ftr_sha(&copy);
     return memcmp(copy.sha256, crypt_ftr->sha256, sizeof(copy.sha256)) == 0;
 }
 
-static inline int unix_read(int  fd, void*  buff, int  len)
-{
+static inline int unix_read(int fd, void* buff, int len) {
     return TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(read(fd, buff, len));
 }
 
-static inline int unix_write(int  fd, const void*  buff, int  len)
-{
+static inline int unix_write(int fd, const void* buff, int len) {
     return TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(write(fd, buff, len));
 }
 
-static void init_empty_persist_data(struct crypt_persist_data *pdata, int len)
-{
+static void init_empty_persist_data(struct crypt_persist_data* pdata, int len) {
     memset(pdata, 0, len);
     pdata->persist_magic = PERSIST_DATA_MAGIC;
     pdata->persist_valid_entries = 0;
@@ -588,18 +592,17 @@
  * data, crypt_ftr is a pointer to the struct to be updated, and offset is the
  * absolute offset to the start of the crypt_mnt_ftr on the passed in fd.
  */
-static void upgrade_crypt_ftr(int fd, struct crypt_mnt_ftr *crypt_ftr, off64_t offset)
-{
+static void upgrade_crypt_ftr(int fd, struct crypt_mnt_ftr* crypt_ftr, off64_t offset) {
     int orig_major = crypt_ftr->major_version;
     int orig_minor = crypt_ftr->minor_version;
 
     if ((crypt_ftr->major_version == 1) && (crypt_ftr->minor_version == 0)) {
-        struct crypt_persist_data *pdata;
+        struct crypt_persist_data* pdata;
         off64_t pdata_offset = offset + CRYPT_FOOTER_TO_PERSIST_OFFSET;
 
         SLOGW("upgrading crypto footer to 1.1");
 
-        pdata = (crypt_persist_data *)malloc(CRYPT_PERSIST_DATA_SIZE);
+        pdata = (crypt_persist_data*)malloc(CRYPT_PERSIST_DATA_SIZE);
         if (pdata == NULL) {
             SLOGE("Cannot allocate persisent data\n");
             return;
@@ -652,91 +655,89 @@
     }
 }
 
+static int get_crypt_ftr_and_key(struct crypt_mnt_ftr* crypt_ftr) {
+    int fd;
+    unsigned int cnt;
+    off64_t starting_off;
+    int rc = -1;
+    char* fname = NULL;
+    struct stat statbuf;
 
-static int get_crypt_ftr_and_key(struct crypt_mnt_ftr *crypt_ftr)
-{
-  int fd;
-  unsigned int cnt;
-  off64_t starting_off;
-  int rc = -1;
-  char *fname = NULL;
-  struct stat statbuf;
+    if (get_crypt_ftr_info(&fname, &starting_off)) {
+        SLOGE("Unable to get crypt_ftr_info\n");
+        return -1;
+    }
+    if (fname[0] != '/') {
+        SLOGE("Unexpected value for crypto key location\n");
+        return -1;
+    }
+    if ((fd = open(fname, O_RDWR | O_CLOEXEC)) < 0) {
+        SLOGE("Cannot open footer file %s for get\n", fname);
+        return -1;
+    }
 
-  if (get_crypt_ftr_info(&fname, &starting_off)) {
-    SLOGE("Unable to get crypt_ftr_info\n");
-    return -1;
-  }
-  if (fname[0] != '/') {
-    SLOGE("Unexpected value for crypto key location\n");
-    return -1;
-  }
-  if ( (fd = open(fname, O_RDWR|O_CLOEXEC)) < 0) {
-    SLOGE("Cannot open footer file %s for get\n", fname);
-    return -1;
-  }
+    /* Make sure it's 16 Kbytes in length */
+    fstat(fd, &statbuf);
+    if (S_ISREG(statbuf.st_mode) && (statbuf.st_size != 0x4000)) {
+        SLOGE("footer file %s is not the expected size!\n", fname);
+        goto errout;
+    }
 
-  /* Make sure it's 16 Kbytes in length */
-  fstat(fd, &statbuf);
-  if (S_ISREG(statbuf.st_mode) && (statbuf.st_size != 0x4000)) {
-    SLOGE("footer file %s is not the expected size!\n", fname);
-    goto errout;
-  }
+    /* Seek to the start of the crypt footer */
+    if (lseek64(fd, starting_off, SEEK_SET) == -1) {
+        SLOGE("Cannot seek to real block device footer\n");
+        goto errout;
+    }
 
-  /* Seek to the start of the crypt footer */
-  if (lseek64(fd, starting_off, SEEK_SET) == -1) {
-    SLOGE("Cannot seek to real block device footer\n");
-    goto errout;
-  }
+    if ((cnt = read(fd, crypt_ftr, sizeof(struct crypt_mnt_ftr))) != sizeof(struct crypt_mnt_ftr)) {
+        SLOGE("Cannot read real block device footer\n");
+        goto errout;
+    }
 
-  if ( (cnt = read(fd, crypt_ftr, sizeof(struct crypt_mnt_ftr))) != sizeof(struct crypt_mnt_ftr)) {
-    SLOGE("Cannot read real block device footer\n");
-    goto errout;
-  }
+    if (crypt_ftr->magic != CRYPT_MNT_MAGIC) {
+        SLOGE("Bad magic for real block device %s\n", fname);
+        goto errout;
+    }
 
-  if (crypt_ftr->magic != CRYPT_MNT_MAGIC) {
-    SLOGE("Bad magic for real block device %s\n", fname);
-    goto errout;
-  }
+    if (crypt_ftr->major_version != CURRENT_MAJOR_VERSION) {
+        SLOGE("Cannot understand major version %d real block device footer; expected %d\n",
+              crypt_ftr->major_version, CURRENT_MAJOR_VERSION);
+        goto errout;
+    }
 
-  if (crypt_ftr->major_version != CURRENT_MAJOR_VERSION) {
-    SLOGE("Cannot understand major version %d real block device footer; expected %d\n",
-          crypt_ftr->major_version, CURRENT_MAJOR_VERSION);
-    goto errout;
-  }
+    // We risk buffer overflows with oversized keys, so we just reject them.
+    // 0-sized keys are problematic (essentially by-passing encryption), and
+    // AES-CBC key wrapping only works for multiples of 16 bytes.
+    if ((crypt_ftr->keysize == 0) || ((crypt_ftr->keysize % 16) != 0) ||
+        (crypt_ftr->keysize > MAX_KEY_LEN)) {
+        SLOGE(
+            "Invalid keysize (%u) for block device %s; Must be non-zero, "
+            "divisible by 16, and <= %d\n",
+            crypt_ftr->keysize, fname, MAX_KEY_LEN);
+        goto errout;
+    }
 
-  // We risk buffer overflows with oversized keys, so we just reject them.
-  // 0-sized keys are problematic (essentially by-passing encryption), and
-  // AES-CBC key wrapping only works for multiples of 16 bytes.
-  if ((crypt_ftr->keysize == 0) || ((crypt_ftr->keysize % 16) != 0) ||
-      (crypt_ftr->keysize > MAX_KEY_LEN)) {
-    SLOGE("Invalid keysize (%u) for block device %s; Must be non-zero, "
-          "divisible by 16, and <= %d\n", crypt_ftr->keysize, fname,
-          MAX_KEY_LEN);
-    goto errout;
-  }
+    if (crypt_ftr->minor_version > CURRENT_MINOR_VERSION) {
+        SLOGW("Warning: crypto footer minor version %d, expected <= %d, continuing...\n",
+              crypt_ftr->minor_version, CURRENT_MINOR_VERSION);
+    }
 
-  if (crypt_ftr->minor_version > CURRENT_MINOR_VERSION) {
-    SLOGW("Warning: crypto footer minor version %d, expected <= %d, continuing...\n",
-          crypt_ftr->minor_version, CURRENT_MINOR_VERSION);
-  }
+    /* If this is a verion 1.0 crypt_ftr, make it a 1.1 crypt footer, and update the
+     * copy on disk before returning.
+     */
+    if (crypt_ftr->minor_version < CURRENT_MINOR_VERSION) {
+        upgrade_crypt_ftr(fd, crypt_ftr, starting_off);
+    }
 
-  /* If this is a verion 1.0 crypt_ftr, make it a 1.1 crypt footer, and update the
-   * copy on disk before returning.
-   */
-  if (crypt_ftr->minor_version < CURRENT_MINOR_VERSION) {
-    upgrade_crypt_ftr(fd, crypt_ftr, starting_off);
-  }
-
-  /* Success! */
-  rc = 0;
+    /* Success! */
+    rc = 0;
 
 errout:
-  close(fd);
-  return rc;
+    close(fd);
+    return rc;
 }
 
-static int validate_persistent_data_storage(struct crypt_mnt_ftr *crypt_ftr)
-{
+static int validate_persistent_data_storage(struct crypt_mnt_ftr* crypt_ftr) {
     if (crypt_ftr->persist_data_offset[0] + crypt_ftr->persist_data_size >
         crypt_ftr->persist_data_offset[1]) {
         SLOGE("Crypt_ftr persist data regions overlap");
@@ -749,7 +750,7 @@
     }
 
     if (((crypt_ftr->persist_data_offset[1] + crypt_ftr->persist_data_size) -
-        (crypt_ftr->persist_data_offset[0] - CRYPT_FOOTER_TO_PERSIST_OFFSET)) >
+         (crypt_ftr->persist_data_offset[0] - CRYPT_FOOTER_TO_PERSIST_OFFSET)) >
         CRYPT_FOOTER_OFFSET) {
         SLOGE("Persistent data extends past crypto footer");
         return -1;
@@ -758,12 +759,11 @@
     return 0;
 }
 
-static int load_persistent_data(void)
-{
+static int load_persistent_data(void) {
     struct crypt_mnt_ftr crypt_ftr;
-    struct crypt_persist_data *pdata = NULL;
+    struct crypt_persist_data* pdata = NULL;
     char encrypted_state[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
-    char *fname;
+    char* fname;
     int found = 0;
     int fd;
     int ret;
@@ -774,10 +774,9 @@
         return 0;
     }
 
-
     /* If not encrypted, just allocate an empty table and initialize it */
     property_get("ro.crypto.state", encrypted_state, "");
-    if (strcmp(encrypted_state, "encrypted") ) {
+    if (strcmp(encrypted_state, "encrypted")) {
         pdata = (crypt_persist_data*)malloc(CRYPT_PERSIST_DATA_SIZE);
         if (pdata) {
             init_empty_persist_data(pdata, CRYPT_PERSIST_DATA_SIZE);
@@ -787,12 +786,12 @@
         return -1;
     }
 
-    if(get_crypt_ftr_and_key(&crypt_ftr)) {
+    if (get_crypt_ftr_and_key(&crypt_ftr)) {
         return -1;
     }
 
-    if ((crypt_ftr.major_version < 1)
-        || (crypt_ftr.major_version == 1 && crypt_ftr.minor_version < 1)) {
+    if ((crypt_ftr.major_version < 1) ||
+        (crypt_ftr.major_version == 1 && crypt_ftr.minor_version < 1)) {
         SLOGE("Crypt_ftr version doesn't support persistent data");
         return -1;
     }
@@ -806,7 +805,7 @@
         return -1;
     }
 
-    fd = open(fname, O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC);
+    fd = open(fname, O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC);
     if (fd < 0) {
         SLOGE("Cannot open %s metadata file", fname);
         return -1;
@@ -823,7 +822,7 @@
             SLOGE("Cannot seek to read persistent data on %s", fname);
             goto err2;
         }
-        if (unix_read(fd, pdata, crypt_ftr.persist_data_size) < 0){
+        if (unix_read(fd, pdata, crypt_ftr.persist_data_size) < 0) {
             SLOGE("Error reading persistent data on iteration %d", i);
             goto err2;
         }
@@ -851,11 +850,10 @@
     return -1;
 }
 
-static int save_persistent_data(void)
-{
+static int save_persistent_data(void) {
     struct crypt_mnt_ftr crypt_ftr;
-    struct crypt_persist_data *pdata;
-    char *fname;
+    struct crypt_persist_data* pdata;
+    char* fname;
     off64_t write_offset;
     off64_t erase_offset;
     int fd;
@@ -866,12 +864,12 @@
         return -1;
     }
 
-    if(get_crypt_ftr_and_key(&crypt_ftr)) {
+    if (get_crypt_ftr_and_key(&crypt_ftr)) {
         return -1;
     }
 
-    if ((crypt_ftr.major_version < 1)
-        || (crypt_ftr.major_version == 1 && crypt_ftr.minor_version < 1)) {
+    if ((crypt_ftr.major_version < 1) ||
+        (crypt_ftr.major_version == 1 && crypt_ftr.minor_version < 1)) {
         SLOGE("Crypt_ftr version doesn't support persistent data");
         return -1;
     }
@@ -885,7 +883,7 @@
         return -1;
     }
 
-    fd = open(fname, O_RDWR|O_CLOEXEC);
+    fd = open(fname, O_RDWR | O_CLOEXEC);
     if (fd < 0) {
         SLOGE("Cannot open %s metadata file", fname);
         return -1;
@@ -903,20 +901,20 @@
     }
 
     if (unix_read(fd, pdata, crypt_ftr.persist_data_size) < 0) {
-            SLOGE("Error reading persistent data before save");
-            goto err2;
+        SLOGE("Error reading persistent data before save");
+        goto err2;
     }
 
     if (pdata->persist_magic == PERSIST_DATA_MAGIC) {
         /* The first copy is the curent valid copy, so write to
          * the second copy and erase this one */
-       write_offset = crypt_ftr.persist_data_offset[1];
-       erase_offset = crypt_ftr.persist_data_offset[0];
+        write_offset = crypt_ftr.persist_data_offset[1];
+        erase_offset = crypt_ftr.persist_data_offset[0];
     } else {
         /* The second copy must be the valid copy, so write to
          * the first copy, and erase the second */
-       write_offset = crypt_ftr.persist_data_offset[0];
-       erase_offset = crypt_ftr.persist_data_offset[1];
+        write_offset = crypt_ftr.persist_data_offset[0];
+        erase_offset = crypt_ftr.persist_data_offset[1];
     }
 
     /* Write the new copy first, if successful, then erase the old copy */
@@ -925,15 +923,14 @@
         goto err2;
     }
     if (unix_write(fd, persist_data, crypt_ftr.persist_data_size) ==
-        (int) crypt_ftr.persist_data_size) {
+        (int)crypt_ftr.persist_data_size) {
         if (lseek64(fd, erase_offset, SEEK_SET) < 0) {
             SLOGE("Cannot seek to erase previous persistent data");
             goto err2;
         }
         fsync(fd);
         memset(pdata, 0, crypt_ftr.persist_data_size);
-        if (unix_write(fd, pdata, crypt_ftr.persist_data_size) !=
-            (int) crypt_ftr.persist_data_size) {
+        if (unix_write(fd, pdata, crypt_ftr.persist_data_size) != (int)crypt_ftr.persist_data_size) {
             SLOGE("Cannot write to erase previous persistent data");
             goto err2;
         }
@@ -958,85 +955,85 @@
 /* Convert a binary key of specified length into an ascii hex string equivalent,
  * without the leading 0x and with null termination
  */
-static void convert_key_to_hex_ascii(const unsigned char *master_key,
-                                     unsigned int keysize, char *master_key_ascii) {
+static void convert_key_to_hex_ascii(const unsigned char* master_key, unsigned int keysize,
+                                     char* master_key_ascii) {
     unsigned int i, a;
     unsigned char nibble;
 
-    for (i=0, a=0; i<keysize; i++, a+=2) {
+    for (i = 0, a = 0; i < keysize; i++, a += 2) {
         /* For each byte, write out two ascii hex digits */
         nibble = (master_key[i] >> 4) & 0xf;
         master_key_ascii[a] = nibble + (nibble > 9 ? 0x37 : 0x30);
 
         nibble = master_key[i] & 0xf;
-        master_key_ascii[a+1] = nibble + (nibble > 9 ? 0x37 : 0x30);
+        master_key_ascii[a + 1] = nibble + (nibble > 9 ? 0x37 : 0x30);
     }
 
     /* Add the null termination */
     master_key_ascii[a] = '\0';
-
 }
 
-static int load_crypto_mapping_table(struct crypt_mnt_ftr *crypt_ftr,
-        const unsigned char *master_key, const char *real_blk_name,
-        const char *name, int fd, const char *extra_params) {
-  alignas(struct dm_ioctl) char buffer[DM_CRYPT_BUF_SIZE];
-  struct dm_ioctl *io;
-  struct dm_target_spec *tgt;
-  char *crypt_params;
-  // We need two ASCII characters to represent each byte, and need space for
-  // the '\0' terminator.
-  char master_key_ascii[MAX_KEY_LEN * 2 + 1];
-  size_t buff_offset;
-  int i;
+static int load_crypto_mapping_table(struct crypt_mnt_ftr* crypt_ftr,
+                                     const unsigned char* master_key, const char* real_blk_name,
+                                     const char* name, int fd, const char* extra_params) {
+    alignas(struct dm_ioctl) char buffer[DM_CRYPT_BUF_SIZE];
+    struct dm_ioctl* io;
+    struct dm_target_spec* tgt;
+    char* crypt_params;
+    // We need two ASCII characters to represent each byte, and need space for
+    // the '\0' terminator.
+    char master_key_ascii[MAX_KEY_LEN * 2 + 1];
+    size_t buff_offset;
+    int i;
 
-  io = (struct dm_ioctl *) buffer;
+    io = (struct dm_ioctl*)buffer;
 
-  /* Load the mapping table for this device */
-  tgt = (struct dm_target_spec *) &buffer[sizeof(struct dm_ioctl)];
+    /* Load the mapping table for this device */
+    tgt = (struct dm_target_spec*)&buffer[sizeof(struct dm_ioctl)];
 
-  ioctl_init(io, DM_CRYPT_BUF_SIZE, name, 0);
-  io->target_count = 1;
-  tgt->status = 0;
-  tgt->sector_start = 0;
-  tgt->length = crypt_ftr->fs_size;
-  strlcpy(tgt->target_type, "crypt", DM_MAX_TYPE_NAME);
+    ioctl_init(io, DM_CRYPT_BUF_SIZE, name, 0);
+    io->target_count = 1;
+    tgt->status = 0;
+    tgt->sector_start = 0;
+    tgt->length = crypt_ftr->fs_size;
+    strlcpy(tgt->target_type, "crypt", DM_MAX_TYPE_NAME);
 
-  crypt_params = buffer + sizeof(struct dm_ioctl) + sizeof(struct dm_target_spec);
-  convert_key_to_hex_ascii(master_key, crypt_ftr->keysize, master_key_ascii);
+    crypt_params = buffer + sizeof(struct dm_ioctl) + sizeof(struct dm_target_spec);
+    convert_key_to_hex_ascii(master_key, crypt_ftr->keysize, master_key_ascii);
 
-  buff_offset = crypt_params - buffer;
-  SLOGI("Extra parameters for dm_crypt: %s\n", extra_params);
-  snprintf(crypt_params, sizeof(buffer) - buff_offset, "%s %s 0 %s 0 %s",
-           crypt_ftr->crypto_type_name, master_key_ascii, real_blk_name,
-           extra_params);
-  crypt_params += strlen(crypt_params) + 1;
-  crypt_params = (char *) (((unsigned long)crypt_params + 7) & ~8); /* Align to an 8 byte boundary */
-  tgt->next = crypt_params - buffer;
+    buff_offset = crypt_params - buffer;
+    SLOGI(
+        "Creating crypto dev \"%s\"; cipher=%s, keysize=%u, real_dev=%s, len=%llu, params=\"%s\"\n",
+        name, crypt_ftr->crypto_type_name, crypt_ftr->keysize, real_blk_name, tgt->length * 512,
+        extra_params);
+    snprintf(crypt_params, sizeof(buffer) - buff_offset, "%s %s 0 %s 0 %s",
+             crypt_ftr->crypto_type_name, master_key_ascii, real_blk_name, extra_params);
+    crypt_params += strlen(crypt_params) + 1;
+    crypt_params =
+        (char*)(((unsigned long)crypt_params + 7) & ~8); /* Align to an 8 byte boundary */
+    tgt->next = crypt_params - buffer;
 
-  for (i = 0; i < TABLE_LOAD_RETRIES; i++) {
-    if (! ioctl(fd, DM_TABLE_LOAD, io)) {
-      break;
+    for (i = 0; i < TABLE_LOAD_RETRIES; i++) {
+        if (!ioctl(fd, DM_TABLE_LOAD, io)) {
+            break;
+        }
+        usleep(500000);
     }
-    usleep(500000);
-  }
 
-  if (i == TABLE_LOAD_RETRIES) {
-    /* We failed to load the table, return an error */
-    return -1;
-  } else {
-    return i + 1;
-  }
+    if (i == TABLE_LOAD_RETRIES) {
+        /* We failed to load the table, return an error */
+        return -1;
+    } else {
+        return i + 1;
+    }
 }
 
-
-static int get_dm_crypt_version(int fd, const char *name,  int *version)
-{
+static int get_dm_crypt_version(int fd, const char* name, int* version) {
     char buffer[DM_CRYPT_BUF_SIZE];
-    struct dm_ioctl *io;
-    struct dm_target_versions *v;
+    struct dm_ioctl* io;
+    struct dm_target_versions* v;
 
-    io = (struct dm_ioctl *) buffer;
+    io = (struct dm_ioctl*)buffer;
 
     ioctl_init(io, DM_CRYPT_BUF_SIZE, name, 0);
 
@@ -1047,16 +1044,16 @@
     /* Iterate over the returned versions, looking for name of "crypt".
      * When found, get and return the version.
      */
-    v = (struct dm_target_versions *) &buffer[sizeof(struct dm_ioctl)];
+    v = (struct dm_target_versions*)&buffer[sizeof(struct dm_ioctl)];
     while (v->next) {
-        if (! strcmp(v->name, "crypt")) {
+        if (!strcmp(v->name, "crypt")) {
             /* We found the crypt driver, return the version, and get out */
             version[0] = v->version[0];
             version[1] = v->version[1];
             version[2] = v->version[2];
             return 0;
         }
-        v = (struct dm_target_versions *)(((char *)v) + v->next);
+        v = (struct dm_target_versions*)(((char*)v) + v->next);
     }
 
     return -1;
@@ -1072,6 +1069,39 @@
     return extra_params;
 }
 
+/*
+ * If the ro.crypto.fde_sector_size system property is set, append the
+ * parameters to make dm-crypt use the specified crypto sector size and round
+ * the crypto device size down to a crypto sector boundary.
+ */
+static int add_sector_size_param(std::vector<std::string>* extra_params_vec,
+                                 struct crypt_mnt_ftr* ftr) {
+    constexpr char DM_CRYPT_SECTOR_SIZE[] = "ro.crypto.fde_sector_size";
+    char value[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
+
+    if (property_get(DM_CRYPT_SECTOR_SIZE, value, "") > 0) {
+        unsigned int sector_size;
+
+        if (!ParseUint(value, &sector_size) || sector_size < 512 || sector_size > 4096 ||
+            (sector_size & (sector_size - 1)) != 0) {
+            SLOGE("Invalid value for %s: %s.  Must be >= 512, <= 4096, and a power of 2\n",
+                  DM_CRYPT_SECTOR_SIZE, value);
+            return -1;
+        }
+
+        std::string param = StringPrintf("sector_size:%u", sector_size);
+        extra_params_vec->push_back(std::move(param));
+
+        // With this option, IVs will match the sector numbering, instead
+        // of being hard-coded to being based on 512-byte sectors.
+        extra_params_vec->emplace_back("iv_large_sectors");
+
+        // Round the crypto device size down to a crypto sector boundary.
+        ftr->fs_size &= ~((sector_size / 512) - 1);
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
 static int create_crypto_blk_dev(struct crypt_mnt_ftr* crypt_ftr, const unsigned char* master_key,
                                  const char* real_blk_name, char* crypto_blk_name, const char* name,
                                  uint32_t flags) {
@@ -1117,6 +1147,10 @@
     if (flags & CREATE_CRYPTO_BLK_DEV_FLAGS_ALLOW_ENCRYPT_OVERRIDE) {
         extra_params_vec.emplace_back("allow_encrypt_override");
     }
+    if (add_sector_size_param(&extra_params_vec, crypt_ftr)) {
+        SLOGE("Error processing dm-crypt sector size param\n");
+        goto errout;
+    }
     load_count = load_crypto_mapping_table(crypt_ftr, master_key, real_blk_name, name, fd,
                                            extra_params_as_string(extra_params_vec).c_str());
     if (load_count < 0) {
@@ -1134,91 +1168,90 @@
         goto errout;
     }
 
+    /* Ensure the dm device has been created before returning. */
+    if (android::vold::WaitForFile(crypto_blk_name, 1s) < 0) {
+        // WaitForFile generates a suitable log message
+        goto errout;
+    }
+
     /* We made it here with no errors.  Woot! */
     retval = 0;
 
 errout:
-  close(fd);   /* If fd is <0 from a failed open call, it's safe to just ignore the close error */
+    close(fd); /* If fd is <0 from a failed open call, it's safe to just ignore the close error */
 
-  return retval;
+    return retval;
 }
 
-static int delete_crypto_blk_dev(const char *name)
-{
-  int fd;
-  char buffer[DM_CRYPT_BUF_SIZE];
-  struct dm_ioctl *io;
-  int retval = -1;
+static int delete_crypto_blk_dev(const char* name) {
+    int fd;
+    char buffer[DM_CRYPT_BUF_SIZE];
+    struct dm_ioctl* io;
+    int retval = -1;
+    int err;
 
-  if ((fd = open("/dev/device-mapper", O_RDWR|O_CLOEXEC)) < 0 ) {
-    SLOGE("Cannot open device-mapper\n");
-    goto errout;
-  }
+    if ((fd = open("/dev/device-mapper", O_RDWR | O_CLOEXEC)) < 0) {
+        SLOGE("Cannot open device-mapper\n");
+        goto errout;
+    }
 
-  io = (struct dm_ioctl *) buffer;
+    io = (struct dm_ioctl*)buffer;
 
-  ioctl_init(io, DM_CRYPT_BUF_SIZE, name, 0);
-  if (ioctl(fd, DM_DEV_REMOVE, io)) {
-    SLOGE("Cannot remove dm-crypt device\n");
-    goto errout;
-  }
+    ioctl_init(io, DM_CRYPT_BUF_SIZE, name, 0);
+    err = ioctl(fd, DM_DEV_REMOVE, io);
+    if (err) {
+        SLOGE("Cannot remove dm-crypt device %s: %s\n", name, strerror(errno));
+        goto errout;
+    }
 
-  /* We made it here with no errors.  Woot! */
-  retval = 0;
+    /* We made it here with no errors.  Woot! */
+    retval = 0;
 
 errout:
-  close(fd);    /* If fd is <0 from a failed open call, it's safe to just ignore the close error */
+    close(fd); /* If fd is <0 from a failed open call, it's safe to just ignore the close error */
 
-  return retval;
-
+    return retval;
 }
 
-static int pbkdf2(const char *passwd, const unsigned char *salt,
-                  unsigned char *ikey, void *params UNUSED)
-{
+static int pbkdf2(const char* passwd, const unsigned char* salt, unsigned char* ikey,
+                  void* params UNUSED) {
     SLOGI("Using pbkdf2 for cryptfs KDF");
 
     /* Turn the password into a key and IV that can decrypt the master key */
-    return PKCS5_PBKDF2_HMAC_SHA1(passwd, strlen(passwd), salt, SALT_LEN,
-                                  HASH_COUNT, INTERMEDIATE_BUF_SIZE,
-                                  ikey) != 1;
+    return PKCS5_PBKDF2_HMAC_SHA1(passwd, strlen(passwd), salt, SALT_LEN, HASH_COUNT,
+                                  INTERMEDIATE_BUF_SIZE, ikey) != 1;
 }
 
-static int scrypt(const char *passwd, const unsigned char *salt,
-                  unsigned char *ikey, void *params)
-{
+static int scrypt(const char* passwd, const unsigned char* salt, unsigned char* ikey, void* params) {
     SLOGI("Using scrypt for cryptfs KDF");
 
-    struct crypt_mnt_ftr *ftr = (struct crypt_mnt_ftr *) params;
+    struct crypt_mnt_ftr* ftr = (struct crypt_mnt_ftr*)params;
 
     int N = 1 << ftr->N_factor;
     int r = 1 << ftr->r_factor;
     int p = 1 << ftr->p_factor;
 
     /* Turn the password into a key and IV that can decrypt the master key */
-    crypto_scrypt((const uint8_t*)passwd, strlen(passwd),
-                  salt, SALT_LEN, N, r, p, ikey,
+    crypto_scrypt((const uint8_t*)passwd, strlen(passwd), salt, SALT_LEN, N, r, p, ikey,
                   INTERMEDIATE_BUF_SIZE);
 
-   return 0;
+    return 0;
 }
 
-static int scrypt_keymaster(const char *passwd, const unsigned char *salt,
-                            unsigned char *ikey, void *params)
-{
+static int scrypt_keymaster(const char* passwd, const unsigned char* salt, unsigned char* ikey,
+                            void* params) {
     SLOGI("Using scrypt with keymaster for cryptfs KDF");
 
     int rc;
     size_t signature_size;
     unsigned char* signature;
-    struct crypt_mnt_ftr *ftr = (struct crypt_mnt_ftr *) params;
+    struct crypt_mnt_ftr* ftr = (struct crypt_mnt_ftr*)params;
 
     int N = 1 << ftr->N_factor;
     int r = 1 << ftr->r_factor;
     int p = 1 << ftr->p_factor;
 
-    rc = crypto_scrypt((const uint8_t*)passwd, strlen(passwd),
-                       salt, SALT_LEN, N, r, p, ikey,
+    rc = crypto_scrypt((const uint8_t*)passwd, strlen(passwd), salt, SALT_LEN, N, r, p, ikey,
                        INTERMEDIATE_BUF_SIZE);
 
     if (rc) {
@@ -1226,14 +1259,13 @@
         return -1;
     }
 
-    if (keymaster_sign_object(ftr, ikey, INTERMEDIATE_BUF_SIZE,
-                              &signature, &signature_size)) {
+    if (keymaster_sign_object(ftr, ikey, INTERMEDIATE_BUF_SIZE, &signature, &signature_size)) {
         SLOGE("Signing failed");
         return -1;
     }
 
-    rc = crypto_scrypt(signature, signature_size, salt, SALT_LEN,
-                       N, r, p, ikey, INTERMEDIATE_BUF_SIZE);
+    rc = crypto_scrypt(signature, signature_size, salt, SALT_LEN, N, r, p, ikey,
+                       INTERMEDIATE_BUF_SIZE);
     free(signature);
 
     if (rc) {
@@ -1244,12 +1276,10 @@
     return 0;
 }
 
-static int encrypt_master_key(const char *passwd, const unsigned char *salt,
-                              const unsigned char *decrypted_master_key,
-                              unsigned char *encrypted_master_key,
-                              struct crypt_mnt_ftr *crypt_ftr)
-{
-    unsigned char ikey[INTERMEDIATE_BUF_SIZE] = { 0 };
+static int encrypt_master_key(const char* passwd, const unsigned char* salt,
+                              const unsigned char* decrypted_master_key,
+                              unsigned char* encrypted_master_key, struct crypt_mnt_ftr* crypt_ftr) {
+    unsigned char ikey[INTERMEDIATE_BUF_SIZE] = {0};
     EVP_CIPHER_CTX e_ctx;
     int encrypted_len, final_len;
     int rc = 0;
@@ -1258,46 +1288,46 @@
     get_device_scrypt_params(crypt_ftr);
 
     switch (crypt_ftr->kdf_type) {
-    case KDF_SCRYPT_KEYMASTER:
-        if (keymaster_create_key(crypt_ftr)) {
-            SLOGE("keymaster_create_key failed");
-            return -1;
-        }
+        case KDF_SCRYPT_KEYMASTER:
+            if (keymaster_create_key(crypt_ftr)) {
+                SLOGE("keymaster_create_key failed");
+                return -1;
+            }
 
-        if (scrypt_keymaster(passwd, salt, ikey, crypt_ftr)) {
-            SLOGE("scrypt failed");
-            return -1;
-        }
-        break;
+            if (scrypt_keymaster(passwd, salt, ikey, crypt_ftr)) {
+                SLOGE("scrypt failed");
+                return -1;
+            }
+            break;
 
-    case KDF_SCRYPT:
-        if (scrypt(passwd, salt, ikey, crypt_ftr)) {
-            SLOGE("scrypt failed");
-            return -1;
-        }
-        break;
+        case KDF_SCRYPT:
+            if (scrypt(passwd, salt, ikey, crypt_ftr)) {
+                SLOGE("scrypt failed");
+                return -1;
+            }
+            break;
 
-    default:
-        SLOGE("Invalid kdf_type");
-        return -1;
+        default:
+            SLOGE("Invalid kdf_type");
+            return -1;
     }
 
     /* Initialize the decryption engine */
     EVP_CIPHER_CTX_init(&e_ctx);
-    if (! EVP_EncryptInit_ex(&e_ctx, EVP_aes_128_cbc(), NULL, ikey,
-                             ikey+INTERMEDIATE_KEY_LEN_BYTES)) {
+    if (!EVP_EncryptInit_ex(&e_ctx, EVP_aes_128_cbc(), NULL, ikey,
+                            ikey + INTERMEDIATE_KEY_LEN_BYTES)) {
         SLOGE("EVP_EncryptInit failed\n");
         return -1;
     }
     EVP_CIPHER_CTX_set_padding(&e_ctx, 0); /* Turn off padding as our data is block aligned */
 
     /* Encrypt the master key */
-    if (! EVP_EncryptUpdate(&e_ctx, encrypted_master_key, &encrypted_len,
-                            decrypted_master_key, crypt_ftr->keysize)) {
+    if (!EVP_EncryptUpdate(&e_ctx, encrypted_master_key, &encrypted_len, decrypted_master_key,
+                           crypt_ftr->keysize)) {
         SLOGE("EVP_EncryptUpdate failed\n");
         return -1;
     }
-    if (! EVP_EncryptFinal_ex(&e_ctx, encrypted_master_key + encrypted_len, &final_len)) {
+    if (!EVP_EncryptFinal_ex(&e_ctx, encrypted_master_key + encrypted_len, &final_len)) {
         SLOGE("EVP_EncryptFinal failed\n");
         return -1;
     }
@@ -1316,13 +1346,12 @@
     int r = 1 << crypt_ftr->r_factor;
     int p = 1 << crypt_ftr->p_factor;
 
-    rc = crypto_scrypt(ikey, INTERMEDIATE_KEY_LEN_BYTES,
-                       crypt_ftr->salt, sizeof(crypt_ftr->salt), N, r, p,
-                       crypt_ftr->scrypted_intermediate_key,
+    rc = crypto_scrypt(ikey, INTERMEDIATE_KEY_LEN_BYTES, crypt_ftr->salt, sizeof(crypt_ftr->salt),
+                       N, r, p, crypt_ftr->scrypted_intermediate_key,
                        sizeof(crypt_ftr->scrypted_intermediate_key));
 
     if (rc) {
-      SLOGE("encrypt_master_key: crypto_scrypt failed");
+        SLOGE("encrypt_master_key: crypto_scrypt failed");
     }
 
     EVP_CIPHER_CTX_cleanup(&e_ctx);
@@ -1330,60 +1359,57 @@
     return 0;
 }
 
-static int decrypt_master_key_aux(const char *passwd, unsigned char *salt,
-                                  const unsigned char *encrypted_master_key,
-                                  size_t keysize,
-                                  unsigned char *decrypted_master_key,
-                                  kdf_func kdf, void *kdf_params,
-                                  unsigned char** intermediate_key,
-                                  size_t* intermediate_key_size)
-{
-  unsigned char ikey[INTERMEDIATE_BUF_SIZE] = { 0 };
-  EVP_CIPHER_CTX d_ctx;
-  int decrypted_len, final_len;
+static int decrypt_master_key_aux(const char* passwd, unsigned char* salt,
+                                  const unsigned char* encrypted_master_key, size_t keysize,
+                                  unsigned char* decrypted_master_key, kdf_func kdf,
+                                  void* kdf_params, unsigned char** intermediate_key,
+                                  size_t* intermediate_key_size) {
+    unsigned char ikey[INTERMEDIATE_BUF_SIZE] = {0};
+    EVP_CIPHER_CTX d_ctx;
+    int decrypted_len, final_len;
 
-  /* Turn the password into an intermediate key and IV that can decrypt the
-     master key */
-  if (kdf(passwd, salt, ikey, kdf_params)) {
-    SLOGE("kdf failed");
-    return -1;
-  }
-
-  /* Initialize the decryption engine */
-  EVP_CIPHER_CTX_init(&d_ctx);
-  if (! EVP_DecryptInit_ex(&d_ctx, EVP_aes_128_cbc(), NULL, ikey, ikey+INTERMEDIATE_KEY_LEN_BYTES)) {
-    return -1;
-  }
-  EVP_CIPHER_CTX_set_padding(&d_ctx, 0); /* Turn off padding as our data is block aligned */
-  /* Decrypt the master key */
-  if (! EVP_DecryptUpdate(&d_ctx, decrypted_master_key, &decrypted_len,
-                            encrypted_master_key, keysize)) {
-    return -1;
-  }
-  if (! EVP_DecryptFinal_ex(&d_ctx, decrypted_master_key + decrypted_len, &final_len)) {
-    return -1;
-  }
-
-  if (decrypted_len + final_len != static_cast<int>(keysize)) {
-    return -1;
-  }
-
-  /* Copy intermediate key if needed by params */
-  if (intermediate_key && intermediate_key_size) {
-    *intermediate_key = (unsigned char*) malloc(INTERMEDIATE_KEY_LEN_BYTES);
-    if (*intermediate_key) {
-      memcpy(*intermediate_key, ikey, INTERMEDIATE_KEY_LEN_BYTES);
-      *intermediate_key_size = INTERMEDIATE_KEY_LEN_BYTES;
+    /* Turn the password into an intermediate key and IV that can decrypt the
+       master key */
+    if (kdf(passwd, salt, ikey, kdf_params)) {
+        SLOGE("kdf failed");
+        return -1;
     }
-  }
 
-  EVP_CIPHER_CTX_cleanup(&d_ctx);
+    /* Initialize the decryption engine */
+    EVP_CIPHER_CTX_init(&d_ctx);
+    if (!EVP_DecryptInit_ex(&d_ctx, EVP_aes_128_cbc(), NULL, ikey,
+                            ikey + INTERMEDIATE_KEY_LEN_BYTES)) {
+        return -1;
+    }
+    EVP_CIPHER_CTX_set_padding(&d_ctx, 0); /* Turn off padding as our data is block aligned */
+    /* Decrypt the master key */
+    if (!EVP_DecryptUpdate(&d_ctx, decrypted_master_key, &decrypted_len, encrypted_master_key,
+                           keysize)) {
+        return -1;
+    }
+    if (!EVP_DecryptFinal_ex(&d_ctx, decrypted_master_key + decrypted_len, &final_len)) {
+        return -1;
+    }
 
-  return 0;
+    if (decrypted_len + final_len != static_cast<int>(keysize)) {
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    /* Copy intermediate key if needed by params */
+    if (intermediate_key && intermediate_key_size) {
+        *intermediate_key = (unsigned char*)malloc(INTERMEDIATE_KEY_LEN_BYTES);
+        if (*intermediate_key) {
+            memcpy(*intermediate_key, ikey, INTERMEDIATE_KEY_LEN_BYTES);
+            *intermediate_key_size = INTERMEDIATE_KEY_LEN_BYTES;
+        }
+    }
+
+    EVP_CIPHER_CTX_cleanup(&d_ctx);
+
+    return 0;
 }
 
-static void get_kdf_func(struct crypt_mnt_ftr *ftr, kdf_func *kdf, void** kdf_params)
-{
+static void get_kdf_func(struct crypt_mnt_ftr* ftr, kdf_func* kdf, void** kdf_params) {
     if (ftr->kdf_type == KDF_SCRYPT_KEYMASTER) {
         *kdf = scrypt_keymaster;
         *kdf_params = ftr;
@@ -1396,20 +1422,17 @@
     }
 }
 
-static int decrypt_master_key(const char *passwd, unsigned char *decrypted_master_key,
-                              struct crypt_mnt_ftr *crypt_ftr,
-                              unsigned char** intermediate_key,
-                              size_t* intermediate_key_size)
-{
+static int decrypt_master_key(const char* passwd, unsigned char* decrypted_master_key,
+                              struct crypt_mnt_ftr* crypt_ftr, unsigned char** intermediate_key,
+                              size_t* intermediate_key_size) {
     kdf_func kdf;
-    void *kdf_params;
+    void* kdf_params;
     int ret;
 
     get_kdf_func(crypt_ftr, &kdf, &kdf_params);
-    ret = decrypt_master_key_aux(passwd, crypt_ftr->salt, crypt_ftr->master_key,
-                                 crypt_ftr->keysize,
-                                 decrypted_master_key, kdf, kdf_params,
-                                 intermediate_key, intermediate_key_size);
+    ret = decrypt_master_key_aux(passwd, crypt_ftr->salt, crypt_ftr->master_key, crypt_ftr->keysize,
+                                 decrypted_master_key, kdf, kdf_params, intermediate_key,
+                                 intermediate_key_size);
     if (ret != 0) {
         SLOGW("failure decrypting master key");
     }
@@ -1417,28 +1440,28 @@
     return ret;
 }
 
-static int create_encrypted_random_key(const char *passwd, unsigned char *master_key, unsigned char *salt,
-        struct crypt_mnt_ftr *crypt_ftr) {
-    int fd;
+static int create_encrypted_random_key(const char* passwd, unsigned char* master_key,
+                                       unsigned char* salt, struct crypt_mnt_ftr* crypt_ftr) {
     unsigned char key_buf[MAX_KEY_LEN];
 
-    /* Get some random bits for a key */
-    fd = open("/dev/urandom", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC);
-    read(fd, key_buf, sizeof(key_buf));
-    read(fd, salt, SALT_LEN);
-    close(fd);
+    /* Get some random bits for a key and salt */
+    if (android::vold::ReadRandomBytes(sizeof(key_buf), reinterpret_cast<char*>(key_buf)) != 0) {
+        return -1;
+    }
+    if (android::vold::ReadRandomBytes(SALT_LEN, reinterpret_cast<char*>(salt)) != 0) {
+        return -1;
+    }
 
     /* Now encrypt it with the password */
     return encrypt_master_key(passwd, salt, key_buf, master_key, crypt_ftr);
 }
 
-int wait_and_unmount(const char *mountpoint, bool kill)
-{
+int wait_and_unmount(const char* mountpoint, bool kill) {
     int i, err, rc;
 #define WAIT_UNMOUNT_COUNT 20
 
     /*  Now umount the tmpfs filesystem */
-    for (i=0; i<WAIT_UNMOUNT_COUNT; i++) {
+    for (i = 0; i < WAIT_UNMOUNT_COUNT; i++) {
         if (umount(mountpoint) == 0) {
             break;
         }
@@ -1467,19 +1490,18 @@
     }
 
     if (i < WAIT_UNMOUNT_COUNT) {
-      SLOGD("unmounting %s succeeded\n", mountpoint);
-      rc = 0;
+        SLOGD("unmounting %s succeeded\n", mountpoint);
+        rc = 0;
     } else {
-      android::vold::KillProcessesWithOpenFiles(mountpoint, 0);
-      SLOGE("unmounting %s failed: %s\n", mountpoint, strerror(err));
-      rc = -1;
+        android::vold::KillProcessesWithOpenFiles(mountpoint, 0);
+        SLOGE("unmounting %s failed: %s\n", mountpoint, strerror(err));
+        rc = -1;
     }
 
     return rc;
 }
 
-static void prep_data_fs(void)
-{
+static void prep_data_fs(void) {
     // NOTE: post_fs_data results in init calling back around to vold, so all
     // callers to this method must be async
 
@@ -1489,17 +1511,14 @@
     SLOGD("Just triggered post_fs_data");
 
     /* Wait a max of 50 seconds, hopefully it takes much less */
-    while (!android::base::WaitForProperty("vold.post_fs_data_done",
-                                        "1",
-                                        std::chrono::seconds(15))) {
+    while (!android::base::WaitForProperty("vold.post_fs_data_done", "1", std::chrono::seconds(15))) {
         /* We timed out to prep /data in time.  Continue wait. */
         SLOGE("waited 15s for vold.post_fs_data_done, still waiting...");
     }
     SLOGD("post_fs_data done");
 }
 
-static void cryptfs_set_corrupt()
-{
+static void cryptfs_set_corrupt() {
     // Mark the footer as bad
     struct crypt_mnt_ftr crypt_ftr;
     if (get_crypt_ftr_and_key(&crypt_ftr)) {
@@ -1514,11 +1533,10 @@
     }
 }
 
-static void cryptfs_trigger_restart_min_framework()
-{
+static void cryptfs_trigger_restart_min_framework() {
     if (fs_mgr_do_tmpfs_mount(DATA_MNT_POINT)) {
-      SLOGE("Failed to mount tmpfs on data - panic");
-      return;
+        SLOGE("Failed to mount tmpfs on data - panic");
+        return;
     }
 
     if (property_set("vold.decrypt", "trigger_post_fs_data")) {
@@ -1533,14 +1551,13 @@
 }
 
 /* returns < 0 on failure */
-static int cryptfs_restart_internal(int restart_main)
-{
+static int cryptfs_restart_internal(int restart_main) {
     char crypto_blkdev[MAXPATHLEN];
     int rc = -1;
     static int restart_successful = 0;
 
     /* Validate that it's OK to call this routine */
-    if (! master_key_saved) {
+    if (!master_key_saved) {
         SLOGE("Encrypted filesystem not validated, aborting");
         return -1;
     }
@@ -1589,7 +1606,7 @@
         return -1;
     }
 
-    if (! (rc = wait_and_unmount(DATA_MNT_POINT, true)) ) {
+    if (!(rc = wait_and_unmount(DATA_MNT_POINT, true))) {
         /* If ro.crypto.readonly is set to 1, mount the decrypted
          * filesystem readonly.  This is used when /data is mounted by
          * recovery mode.
@@ -1597,8 +1614,10 @@
         char ro_prop[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
         property_get("ro.crypto.readonly", ro_prop, "");
         if (strlen(ro_prop) > 0 && std::stoi(ro_prop)) {
-            struct fstab_rec* rec = fs_mgr_get_entry_for_mount_point(fstab_default, DATA_MNT_POINT);
-            rec->flags |= MS_RDONLY;
+            auto entry = GetEntryForMountPoint(&fstab_default, DATA_MNT_POINT);
+            if (entry != nullptr) {
+                entry->flags |= MS_RDONLY;
+            }
         }
 
         /* If that succeeded, then mount the decrypted filesystem */
@@ -1609,19 +1628,18 @@
          * fs_mgr_do_mount runs fsck. Use setexeccon to run trusted
          * partitions in the fsck domain.
          */
-        if (setexeccon(secontextFsck())){
+        if (setexeccon(android::vold::sFsckContext)) {
             SLOGE("Failed to setexeccon");
             return -1;
         }
-        while ((mount_rc = fs_mgr_do_mount(fstab_default, DATA_MNT_POINT,
-                                           crypto_blkdev, 0))
-               != 0) {
+        bool needs_cp = android::vold::cp_needsCheckpoint();
+        while ((mount_rc = fs_mgr_do_mount(&fstab_default, DATA_MNT_POINT, crypto_blkdev, 0,
+                                           needs_cp)) != 0) {
             if (mount_rc == FS_MGR_DOMNT_BUSY) {
                 /* TODO: invoke something similar to
                    Process::killProcessWithOpenFiles(DATA_MNT_POINT,
                                    retries > RETRY_MOUNT_ATTEMPT/2 ? 1 : 2 ) */
-                SLOGI("Failed to mount %s because it is busy - waiting",
-                      crypto_blkdev);
+                SLOGI("Failed to mount %s because it is busy - waiting", crypto_blkdev);
                 if (--retries) {
                     sleep(RETRY_MOUNT_DELAY_SECONDS);
                 } else {
@@ -1664,10 +1682,9 @@
     return rc;
 }
 
-int cryptfs_restart(void)
-{
+int cryptfs_restart(void) {
     SLOGI("cryptfs_restart");
-    if (e4crypt_is_native()) {
+    if (fscrypt_is_native()) {
         SLOGE("cryptfs_restart not valid for file encryption:");
         return -1;
     }
@@ -1676,193 +1693,189 @@
     return cryptfs_restart_internal(1);
 }
 
-static int do_crypto_complete(const char *mount_point)
-{
-  struct crypt_mnt_ftr crypt_ftr;
-  char encrypted_state[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
-  char key_loc[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
+static int do_crypto_complete(const char* mount_point) {
+    struct crypt_mnt_ftr crypt_ftr;
+    char encrypted_state[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
 
-  property_get("ro.crypto.state", encrypted_state, "");
-  if (strcmp(encrypted_state, "encrypted") ) {
-    SLOGE("not running with encryption, aborting");
-    return CRYPTO_COMPLETE_NOT_ENCRYPTED;
-  }
-
-  // crypto_complete is full disk encrypted status
-  if (e4crypt_is_native()) {
-    return CRYPTO_COMPLETE_NOT_ENCRYPTED;
-  }
-
-  if (get_crypt_ftr_and_key(&crypt_ftr)) {
-    fs_mgr_get_crypt_info(fstab_default, key_loc, 0, sizeof(key_loc));
-
-    /*
-     * Only report this error if key_loc is a file and it exists.
-     * If the device was never encrypted, and /data is not mountable for
-     * some reason, returning 1 should prevent the UI from presenting the
-     * a "enter password" screen, or worse, a "press button to wipe the
-     * device" screen.
-     */
-    if ((key_loc[0] == '/') && (access("key_loc", F_OK) == -1)) {
-      SLOGE("master key file does not exist, aborting");
-      return CRYPTO_COMPLETE_NOT_ENCRYPTED;
-    } else {
-      SLOGE("Error getting crypt footer and key\n");
-      return CRYPTO_COMPLETE_BAD_METADATA;
+    property_get("ro.crypto.state", encrypted_state, "");
+    if (strcmp(encrypted_state, "encrypted")) {
+        SLOGE("not running with encryption, aborting");
+        return CRYPTO_COMPLETE_NOT_ENCRYPTED;
     }
-  }
 
-  // Test for possible error flags
-  if (crypt_ftr.flags & CRYPT_ENCRYPTION_IN_PROGRESS){
-    SLOGE("Encryption process is partway completed\n");
-    return CRYPTO_COMPLETE_PARTIAL;
-  }
+    // crypto_complete is full disk encrypted status
+    if (fscrypt_is_native()) {
+        return CRYPTO_COMPLETE_NOT_ENCRYPTED;
+    }
 
-  if (crypt_ftr.flags & CRYPT_INCONSISTENT_STATE){
-    SLOGE("Encryption process was interrupted but cannot continue\n");
-    return CRYPTO_COMPLETE_INCONSISTENT;
-  }
+    if (get_crypt_ftr_and_key(&crypt_ftr)) {
+        std::string key_loc;
+        get_crypt_info(&key_loc, nullptr);
 
-  if (crypt_ftr.flags & CRYPT_DATA_CORRUPT){
-    SLOGE("Encryption is successful but data is corrupt\n");
-    return CRYPTO_COMPLETE_CORRUPT;
-  }
+        /*
+         * Only report this error if key_loc is a file and it exists.
+         * If the device was never encrypted, and /data is not mountable for
+         * some reason, returning 1 should prevent the UI from presenting the
+         * a "enter password" screen, or worse, a "press button to wipe the
+         * device" screen.
+         */
+        if (!key_loc.empty() && key_loc[0] == '/' && (access("key_loc", F_OK) == -1)) {
+            SLOGE("master key file does not exist, aborting");
+            return CRYPTO_COMPLETE_NOT_ENCRYPTED;
+        } else {
+            SLOGE("Error getting crypt footer and key\n");
+            return CRYPTO_COMPLETE_BAD_METADATA;
+        }
+    }
 
-  /* We passed the test! We shall diminish, and return to the west */
-  return CRYPTO_COMPLETE_ENCRYPTED;
+    // Test for possible error flags
+    if (crypt_ftr.flags & CRYPT_ENCRYPTION_IN_PROGRESS) {
+        SLOGE("Encryption process is partway completed\n");
+        return CRYPTO_COMPLETE_PARTIAL;
+    }
+
+    if (crypt_ftr.flags & CRYPT_INCONSISTENT_STATE) {
+        SLOGE("Encryption process was interrupted but cannot continue\n");
+        return CRYPTO_COMPLETE_INCONSISTENT;
+    }
+
+    if (crypt_ftr.flags & CRYPT_DATA_CORRUPT) {
+        SLOGE("Encryption is successful but data is corrupt\n");
+        return CRYPTO_COMPLETE_CORRUPT;
+    }
+
+    /* We passed the test! We shall diminish, and return to the west */
+    return CRYPTO_COMPLETE_ENCRYPTED;
 }
 
-static int test_mount_encrypted_fs(struct crypt_mnt_ftr* crypt_ftr,
-                                   const char *passwd, const char *mount_point, const char *label)
-{
-  unsigned char decrypted_master_key[MAX_KEY_LEN];
-  char crypto_blkdev[MAXPATHLEN];
-  char real_blkdev[MAXPATHLEN];
-  char tmp_mount_point[64];
-  unsigned int orig_failed_decrypt_count;
-  int rc;
-  int use_keymaster = 0;
-  int upgrade = 0;
-  unsigned char* intermediate_key = 0;
-  size_t intermediate_key_size = 0;
-  int N = 1 << crypt_ftr->N_factor;
-  int r = 1 << crypt_ftr->r_factor;
-  int p = 1 << crypt_ftr->p_factor;
+static int test_mount_encrypted_fs(struct crypt_mnt_ftr* crypt_ftr, const char* passwd,
+                                   const char* mount_point, const char* label) {
+    unsigned char decrypted_master_key[MAX_KEY_LEN];
+    char crypto_blkdev[MAXPATHLEN];
+    std::string real_blkdev;
+    char tmp_mount_point[64];
+    unsigned int orig_failed_decrypt_count;
+    int rc;
+    int use_keymaster = 0;
+    int upgrade = 0;
+    unsigned char* intermediate_key = 0;
+    size_t intermediate_key_size = 0;
+    int N = 1 << crypt_ftr->N_factor;
+    int r = 1 << crypt_ftr->r_factor;
+    int p = 1 << crypt_ftr->p_factor;
 
-  SLOGD("crypt_ftr->fs_size = %lld\n", crypt_ftr->fs_size);
-  orig_failed_decrypt_count = crypt_ftr->failed_decrypt_count;
+    SLOGD("crypt_ftr->fs_size = %lld\n", crypt_ftr->fs_size);
+    orig_failed_decrypt_count = crypt_ftr->failed_decrypt_count;
 
-  if (! (crypt_ftr->flags & CRYPT_MNT_KEY_UNENCRYPTED) ) {
-    if (decrypt_master_key(passwd, decrypted_master_key, crypt_ftr,
-                           &intermediate_key, &intermediate_key_size)) {
-      SLOGE("Failed to decrypt master key\n");
-      rc = -1;
-      goto errout;
+    if (!(crypt_ftr->flags & CRYPT_MNT_KEY_UNENCRYPTED)) {
+        if (decrypt_master_key(passwd, decrypted_master_key, crypt_ftr, &intermediate_key,
+                               &intermediate_key_size)) {
+            SLOGE("Failed to decrypt master key\n");
+            rc = -1;
+            goto errout;
+        }
     }
-  }
 
-  fs_mgr_get_crypt_info(fstab_default, 0, real_blkdev, sizeof(real_blkdev));
+    get_crypt_info(nullptr, &real_blkdev);
 
-  // Create crypto block device - all (non fatal) code paths
-  // need it
-  if (create_crypto_blk_dev(crypt_ftr, decrypted_master_key, real_blkdev, crypto_blkdev, label, 0)) {
-      SLOGE("Error creating decrypted block device\n");
-      rc = -1;
-      goto errout;
-  }
+    // Create crypto block device - all (non fatal) code paths
+    // need it
+    if (create_crypto_blk_dev(crypt_ftr, decrypted_master_key, real_blkdev.c_str(), crypto_blkdev,
+                              label, 0)) {
+        SLOGE("Error creating decrypted block device\n");
+        rc = -1;
+        goto errout;
+    }
 
-  /* Work out if the problem is the password or the data */
-  unsigned char scrypted_intermediate_key[sizeof(crypt_ftr->
-                                                 scrypted_intermediate_key)];
+    /* Work out if the problem is the password or the data */
+    unsigned char scrypted_intermediate_key[sizeof(crypt_ftr->scrypted_intermediate_key)];
 
-  rc = crypto_scrypt(intermediate_key, intermediate_key_size,
-                     crypt_ftr->salt, sizeof(crypt_ftr->salt),
-                     N, r, p, scrypted_intermediate_key,
-                     sizeof(scrypted_intermediate_key));
+    rc = crypto_scrypt(intermediate_key, intermediate_key_size, crypt_ftr->salt,
+                       sizeof(crypt_ftr->salt), N, r, p, scrypted_intermediate_key,
+                       sizeof(scrypted_intermediate_key));
 
-  // Does the key match the crypto footer?
-  if (rc == 0 && memcmp(scrypted_intermediate_key,
-                        crypt_ftr->scrypted_intermediate_key,
-                        sizeof(scrypted_intermediate_key)) == 0) {
-    SLOGI("Password matches");
-    rc = 0;
-  } else {
-    /* Try mounting the file system anyway, just in case the problem's with
-     * the footer, not the key. */
-    snprintf(tmp_mount_point, sizeof(tmp_mount_point), "%s/tmp_mnt",
-             mount_point);
-    mkdir(tmp_mount_point, 0755);
-    if (fs_mgr_do_mount(fstab_default, DATA_MNT_POINT, crypto_blkdev, tmp_mount_point)) {
-      SLOGE("Error temp mounting decrypted block device\n");
-      delete_crypto_blk_dev(label);
-
-      rc = ++crypt_ftr->failed_decrypt_count;
-      put_crypt_ftr_and_key(crypt_ftr);
+    // Does the key match the crypto footer?
+    if (rc == 0 && memcmp(scrypted_intermediate_key, crypt_ftr->scrypted_intermediate_key,
+                          sizeof(scrypted_intermediate_key)) == 0) {
+        SLOGI("Password matches");
+        rc = 0;
     } else {
-      /* Success! */
-      SLOGI("Password did not match but decrypted drive mounted - continue");
-      umount(tmp_mount_point);
-      rc = 0;
-    }
-  }
+        /* Try mounting the file system anyway, just in case the problem's with
+         * the footer, not the key. */
+        snprintf(tmp_mount_point, sizeof(tmp_mount_point), "%s/tmp_mnt", mount_point);
+        mkdir(tmp_mount_point, 0755);
+        if (fs_mgr_do_mount(&fstab_default, DATA_MNT_POINT, crypto_blkdev, tmp_mount_point)) {
+            SLOGE("Error temp mounting decrypted block device\n");
+            delete_crypto_blk_dev(label);
 
-  if (rc == 0) {
-    crypt_ftr->failed_decrypt_count = 0;
-    if (orig_failed_decrypt_count != 0) {
-      put_crypt_ftr_and_key(crypt_ftr);
-    }
-
-    /* Save the name of the crypto block device
-     * so we can mount it when restarting the framework. */
-    property_set("ro.crypto.fs_crypto_blkdev", crypto_blkdev);
-
-    /* Also save a the master key so we can reencrypted the key
-     * the key when we want to change the password on it. */
-    memcpy(saved_master_key, decrypted_master_key, crypt_ftr->keysize);
-    saved_mount_point = strdup(mount_point);
-    master_key_saved = 1;
-    SLOGD("%s(): Master key saved\n", __FUNCTION__);
-    rc = 0;
-
-    // Upgrade if we're not using the latest KDF.
-    use_keymaster = keymaster_check_compatibility();
-    if (crypt_ftr->kdf_type == KDF_SCRYPT_KEYMASTER) {
-        // Don't allow downgrade
-    } else if (use_keymaster == 1 && crypt_ftr->kdf_type != KDF_SCRYPT_KEYMASTER) {
-        crypt_ftr->kdf_type = KDF_SCRYPT_KEYMASTER;
-        upgrade = 1;
-    } else if (use_keymaster == 0 && crypt_ftr->kdf_type != KDF_SCRYPT) {
-        crypt_ftr->kdf_type = KDF_SCRYPT;
-        upgrade = 1;
-    }
-
-    if (upgrade) {
-        rc = encrypt_master_key(passwd, crypt_ftr->salt, saved_master_key,
-                                crypt_ftr->master_key, crypt_ftr);
-        if (!rc) {
-            rc = put_crypt_ftr_and_key(crypt_ftr);
-        }
-        SLOGD("Key Derivation Function upgrade: rc=%d\n", rc);
-
-        // Do not fail even if upgrade failed - machine is bootable
-        // Note that if this code is ever hit, there is a *serious* problem
-        // since KDFs should never fail. You *must* fix the kdf before
-        // proceeding!
-        if (rc) {
-          SLOGW("Upgrade failed with error %d,"
-                " but continuing with previous state",
-                rc);
-          rc = 0;
+            rc = ++crypt_ftr->failed_decrypt_count;
+            put_crypt_ftr_and_key(crypt_ftr);
+        } else {
+            /* Success! */
+            SLOGI("Password did not match but decrypted drive mounted - continue");
+            umount(tmp_mount_point);
+            rc = 0;
         }
     }
-  }
 
- errout:
-  if (intermediate_key) {
-    memset(intermediate_key, 0, intermediate_key_size);
-    free(intermediate_key);
-  }
-  return rc;
+    if (rc == 0) {
+        crypt_ftr->failed_decrypt_count = 0;
+        if (orig_failed_decrypt_count != 0) {
+            put_crypt_ftr_and_key(crypt_ftr);
+        }
+
+        /* Save the name of the crypto block device
+         * so we can mount it when restarting the framework. */
+        property_set("ro.crypto.fs_crypto_blkdev", crypto_blkdev);
+
+        /* Also save a the master key so we can reencrypted the key
+         * the key when we want to change the password on it. */
+        memcpy(saved_master_key, decrypted_master_key, crypt_ftr->keysize);
+        saved_mount_point = strdup(mount_point);
+        master_key_saved = 1;
+        SLOGD("%s(): Master key saved\n", __FUNCTION__);
+        rc = 0;
+
+        // Upgrade if we're not using the latest KDF.
+        use_keymaster = keymaster_check_compatibility();
+        if (crypt_ftr->kdf_type == KDF_SCRYPT_KEYMASTER) {
+            // Don't allow downgrade
+        } else if (use_keymaster == 1 && crypt_ftr->kdf_type != KDF_SCRYPT_KEYMASTER) {
+            crypt_ftr->kdf_type = KDF_SCRYPT_KEYMASTER;
+            upgrade = 1;
+        } else if (use_keymaster == 0 && crypt_ftr->kdf_type != KDF_SCRYPT) {
+            crypt_ftr->kdf_type = KDF_SCRYPT;
+            upgrade = 1;
+        }
+
+        if (upgrade) {
+            rc = encrypt_master_key(passwd, crypt_ftr->salt, saved_master_key,
+                                    crypt_ftr->master_key, crypt_ftr);
+            if (!rc) {
+                rc = put_crypt_ftr_and_key(crypt_ftr);
+            }
+            SLOGD("Key Derivation Function upgrade: rc=%d\n", rc);
+
+            // Do not fail even if upgrade failed - machine is bootable
+            // Note that if this code is ever hit, there is a *serious* problem
+            // since KDFs should never fail. You *must* fix the kdf before
+            // proceeding!
+            if (rc) {
+                SLOGW(
+                    "Upgrade failed with error %d,"
+                    " but continuing with previous state",
+                    rc);
+                rc = 0;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+errout:
+    if (intermediate_key) {
+        memset(intermediate_key, 0, intermediate_key_size);
+        free(intermediate_key);
+    }
+    return rc;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1873,19 +1886,10 @@
  *
  * out_crypto_blkdev must be MAXPATHLEN.
  */
-int cryptfs_setup_ext_volume(const char* label, const char* real_blkdev,
-        const unsigned char* key, char* out_crypto_blkdev) {
-    int fd = open(real_blkdev, O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC);
-    if (fd == -1) {
-        SLOGE("Failed to open %s: %s", real_blkdev, strerror(errno));
-        return -1;
-    }
-
-    unsigned long nr_sec = 0;
-    get_blkdev_size(fd, &nr_sec);
-    close(fd);
-
-    if (nr_sec == 0) {
+int cryptfs_setup_ext_volume(const char* label, const char* real_blkdev, const unsigned char* key,
+                             char* out_crypto_blkdev) {
+    uint64_t nr_sec = 0;
+    if (android::vold::GetBlockDev512Sectors(real_blkdev, &nr_sec) != android::OK) {
         SLOGE("Failed to get size of %s: %s", real_blkdev, strerror(errno));
         return -1;
     }
@@ -1894,10 +1898,10 @@
     memset(&ext_crypt_ftr, 0, sizeof(ext_crypt_ftr));
     ext_crypt_ftr.fs_size = nr_sec;
     ext_crypt_ftr.keysize = cryptfs_get_keysize();
-    strlcpy((char*) ext_crypt_ftr.crypto_type_name, cryptfs_get_crypto_name(),
+    strlcpy((char*)ext_crypt_ftr.crypto_type_name, cryptfs_get_crypto_name(),
             MAX_CRYPTO_TYPE_NAME_LEN);
     uint32_t flags = 0;
-    if (e4crypt_is_native() &&
+    if (fscrypt_is_native() &&
         android::base::GetBoolProperty("ro.crypto.allow_encrypt_override", false))
         flags |= CREATE_CRYPTO_BLK_DEV_FLAGS_ALLOW_ENCRYPT_OVERRIDE;
 
@@ -1909,21 +1913,20 @@
  * storage volume.
  */
 int cryptfs_revert_ext_volume(const char* label) {
-    return delete_crypto_blk_dev((char*) label);
+    return delete_crypto_blk_dev((char*)label);
 }
 
-int cryptfs_crypto_complete(void)
-{
-  return do_crypto_complete("/data");
+int cryptfs_crypto_complete(void) {
+    return do_crypto_complete("/data");
 }
 
-int check_unmounted_and_get_ftr(struct crypt_mnt_ftr* crypt_ftr)
-{
+int check_unmounted_and_get_ftr(struct crypt_mnt_ftr* crypt_ftr) {
     char encrypted_state[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
     property_get("ro.crypto.state", encrypted_state, "");
-    if ( master_key_saved || strcmp(encrypted_state, "encrypted") ) {
-        SLOGE("encrypted fs already validated or not running with encryption,"
-              " aborting");
+    if (master_key_saved || strcmp(encrypted_state, "encrypted")) {
+        SLOGE(
+            "encrypted fs already validated or not running with encryption,"
+            " aborting");
         return -1;
     }
 
@@ -1935,10 +1938,9 @@
     return 0;
 }
 
-int cryptfs_check_passwd(const char *passwd)
-{
+int cryptfs_check_passwd(const char* passwd) {
     SLOGI("cryptfs_check_passwd");
-    if (e4crypt_is_native()) {
+    if (fscrypt_is_native()) {
         SLOGE("cryptfs_check_passwd not valid for file encryption");
         return -1;
     }
@@ -1952,8 +1954,7 @@
         return rc;
     }
 
-    rc = test_mount_encrypted_fs(&crypt_ftr, passwd,
-                                 DATA_MNT_POINT, CRYPTO_BLOCK_DEVICE);
+    rc = test_mount_encrypted_fs(&crypt_ftr, passwd, DATA_MNT_POINT, CRYPTO_BLOCK_DEVICE);
     if (rc) {
         SLOGE("Password did not match");
         return rc;
@@ -1965,8 +1966,8 @@
         // First, we must delete the crypto block device that
         // test_mount_encrypted_fs leaves behind as a side effect
         delete_crypto_blk_dev(CRYPTO_BLOCK_DEVICE);
-        rc = test_mount_encrypted_fs(&crypt_ftr, DEFAULT_PASSWORD,
-                                     DATA_MNT_POINT, CRYPTO_BLOCK_DEVICE);
+        rc = test_mount_encrypted_fs(&crypt_ftr, DEFAULT_PASSWORD, DATA_MNT_POINT,
+                                     CRYPTO_BLOCK_DEVICE);
         if (rc) {
             SLOGE("Default password did not match on reboot encryption");
             return rc;
@@ -1992,15 +1993,14 @@
     return rc;
 }
 
-int cryptfs_verify_passwd(const char *passwd)
-{
+int cryptfs_verify_passwd(const char* passwd) {
     struct crypt_mnt_ftr crypt_ftr;
     unsigned char decrypted_master_key[MAX_KEY_LEN];
     char encrypted_state[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
     int rc;
 
     property_get("ro.crypto.state", encrypted_state, "");
-    if (strcmp(encrypted_state, "encrypted") ) {
+    if (strcmp(encrypted_state, "encrypted")) {
         SLOGE("device not encrypted, aborting");
         return -2;
     }
@@ -2043,8 +2043,7 @@
  * Presumably, at a minimum, the caller will update the
  * filesystem size and crypto_type_name after calling this function.
  */
-static int cryptfs_init_crypt_mnt_ftr(struct crypt_mnt_ftr *ftr)
-{
+static int cryptfs_init_crypt_mnt_ftr(struct crypt_mnt_ftr* ftr) {
     off64_t off;
 
     memset(ftr, 0, sizeof(struct crypt_mnt_ftr));
@@ -2055,17 +2054,17 @@
     ftr->keysize = cryptfs_get_keysize();
 
     switch (keymaster_check_compatibility()) {
-    case 1:
-        ftr->kdf_type = KDF_SCRYPT_KEYMASTER;
-        break;
+        case 1:
+            ftr->kdf_type = KDF_SCRYPT_KEYMASTER;
+            break;
 
-    case 0:
-        ftr->kdf_type = KDF_SCRYPT;
-        break;
+        case 0:
+            ftr->kdf_type = KDF_SCRYPT;
+            break;
 
-    default:
-        SLOGE("keymaster_check_compatibility failed");
-        return -1;
+        default:
+            SLOGE("keymaster_check_compatibility failed");
+            return -1;
     }
 
     get_device_scrypt_params(ftr);
@@ -2073,8 +2072,7 @@
     ftr->persist_data_size = CRYPT_PERSIST_DATA_SIZE;
     if (get_crypt_ftr_info(NULL, &off) == 0) {
         ftr->persist_data_offset[0] = off + CRYPT_FOOTER_TO_PERSIST_OFFSET;
-        ftr->persist_data_offset[1] = off + CRYPT_FOOTER_TO_PERSIST_OFFSET +
-                                    ftr->persist_data_size;
+        ftr->persist_data_offset[1] = off + CRYPT_FOOTER_TO_PERSIST_OFFSET + ftr->persist_data_size;
     }
 
     return 0;
@@ -2082,9 +2080,8 @@
 
 #define FRAMEWORK_BOOT_WAIT 60
 
-static int cryptfs_SHA256_fileblock(const char* filename, __le8* buf)
-{
-    int fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC);
+static int cryptfs_SHA256_fileblock(const char* filename, __le8* buf) {
+    int fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC);
     if (fd == -1) {
         SLOGE("Error opening file %s", filename);
         return -1;
@@ -2110,7 +2107,7 @@
 
 static int cryptfs_enable_all_volumes(struct crypt_mnt_ftr* crypt_ftr, char* crypto_blkdev,
                                       char* real_blkdev, int previously_encrypted_upto) {
-    off64_t cur_encryption_done=0, tot_encryption_size=0;
+    off64_t cur_encryption_done = 0, tot_encryption_size = 0;
     int rc = -1;
 
     /* The size of the userdata partition, and add in the vold volumes below */
@@ -2144,19 +2141,19 @@
 }
 
 int cryptfs_enable_internal(int crypt_type, const char* passwd, int no_ui) {
-    char crypto_blkdev[MAXPATHLEN], real_blkdev[MAXPATHLEN];
+    char crypto_blkdev[MAXPATHLEN];
+    std::string real_blkdev;
     unsigned char decrypted_master_key[MAX_KEY_LEN];
-    int rc=-1, i;
+    int rc = -1, i;
     struct crypt_mnt_ftr crypt_ftr;
-    struct crypt_persist_data *pdata;
+    struct crypt_persist_data* pdata;
     char encrypted_state[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
-    char lockid[32] = { 0 };
-    char key_loc[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
+    char lockid[32] = {0};
+    std::string key_loc;
     int num_vols;
     off64_t previously_encrypted_upto = 0;
     bool rebootEncryption = false;
     bool onlyCreateHeader = false;
-    int fd = -1;
 
     if (get_crypt_ftr_and_key(&crypt_ftr) == 0) {
         if (crypt_ftr.flags & CRYPT_ENCRYPTION_IN_PROGRESS) {
@@ -2195,30 +2192,20 @@
         goto error_unencrypted;
     }
 
-    // TODO refactor fs_mgr_get_crypt_info to get both in one call
-    fs_mgr_get_crypt_info(fstab_default, key_loc, 0, sizeof(key_loc));
-    fs_mgr_get_crypt_info(fstab_default, 0, real_blkdev, sizeof(real_blkdev));
+    get_crypt_info(&key_loc, &real_blkdev);
 
     /* Get the size of the real block device */
-    fd = open(real_blkdev, O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC);
-    if (fd == -1) {
-        SLOGE("Cannot open block device %s\n", real_blkdev);
+    uint64_t nr_sec;
+    if (android::vold::GetBlockDev512Sectors(real_blkdev, &nr_sec) != android::OK) {
+        SLOGE("Cannot get size of block device %s\n", real_blkdev.c_str());
         goto error_unencrypted;
     }
-    unsigned long nr_sec;
-    get_blkdev_size(fd, &nr_sec);
-    if (nr_sec == 0) {
-        SLOGE("Cannot get size of block device %s\n", real_blkdev);
-        goto error_unencrypted;
-    }
-    close(fd);
 
     /* If doing inplace encryption, make sure the orig fs doesn't include the crypto footer */
-    if (!strcmp(key_loc, KEY_IN_FOOTER)) {
-        unsigned int fs_size_sec, max_fs_size_sec;
-        fs_size_sec = get_fs_size(real_blkdev);
-        if (fs_size_sec == 0)
-            fs_size_sec = get_f2fs_filesystem_size_sec(real_blkdev);
+    if (key_loc == KEY_IN_FOOTER) {
+        uint64_t fs_size_sec, max_fs_size_sec;
+        fs_size_sec = get_fs_size(real_blkdev.c_str());
+        if (fs_size_sec == 0) fs_size_sec = get_f2fs_filesystem_size_sec(real_blkdev.data());
 
         max_fs_size_sec = nr_sec - (CRYPT_FOOTER_OFFSET / CRYPT_SECTOR_SIZE);
 
@@ -2232,7 +2219,7 @@
      * device to sleep on us.  We'll grab a partial wakelock, and if the UI
      * wants to keep the screen on, it can grab a full wakelock.
      */
-    snprintf(lockid, sizeof(lockid), "enablecrypto%d", (int) getpid());
+    snprintf(lockid, sizeof(lockid), "enablecrypto%d", (int)getpid());
     acquire_wake_lock(PARTIAL_WAKE_LOCK, lockid);
 
     /* The init files are setup to stop the class main and late start when
@@ -2291,9 +2278,8 @@
             goto error_shutting_down;
         }
 
-        if (!strcmp(key_loc, KEY_IN_FOOTER)) {
-            crypt_ftr.fs_size = nr_sec
-              - (CRYPT_FOOTER_OFFSET / CRYPT_SECTOR_SIZE);
+        if (key_loc == KEY_IN_FOOTER) {
+            crypt_ftr.fs_size = nr_sec - (CRYPT_FOOTER_OFFSET / CRYPT_SECTOR_SIZE);
         } else {
             crypt_ftr.fs_size = nr_sec;
         }
@@ -2307,7 +2293,8 @@
             crypt_ftr.flags |= CRYPT_INCONSISTENT_STATE;
         }
         crypt_ftr.crypt_type = crypt_type;
-        strlcpy((char *)crypt_ftr.crypto_type_name, cryptfs_get_crypto_name(), MAX_CRYPTO_TYPE_NAME_LEN);
+        strlcpy((char*)crypt_ftr.crypto_type_name, cryptfs_get_crypto_name(),
+                MAX_CRYPTO_TYPE_NAME_LEN);
 
         /* Make an encrypted master key */
         if (create_encrypted_random_key(onlyCreateHeader ? DEFAULT_PASSWORD : passwd,
@@ -2321,8 +2308,8 @@
             unsigned char fake_master_key[MAX_KEY_LEN];
             unsigned char encrypted_fake_master_key[MAX_KEY_LEN];
             memset(fake_master_key, 0, sizeof(fake_master_key));
-            encrypt_master_key(passwd, crypt_ftr.salt, fake_master_key,
-                               encrypted_fake_master_key, &crypt_ftr);
+            encrypt_master_key(passwd, crypt_ftr.salt, fake_master_key, encrypted_fake_master_key,
+                               &crypt_ftr);
         }
 
         /* Write the key to the end of the partition */
@@ -2332,11 +2319,11 @@
          * If none, create a valid empty table and save that.
          */
         if (!persist_data) {
-            pdata = (crypt_persist_data *)malloc(CRYPT_PERSIST_DATA_SIZE);
-           if (pdata) {
-               init_empty_persist_data(pdata, CRYPT_PERSIST_DATA_SIZE);
-               persist_data = pdata;
-           }
+            pdata = (crypt_persist_data*)malloc(CRYPT_PERSIST_DATA_SIZE);
+            if (pdata) {
+                init_empty_persist_data(pdata, CRYPT_PERSIST_DATA_SIZE);
+                persist_data = pdata;
+            }
         }
         if (persist_data) {
             save_persistent_data();
@@ -2361,7 +2348,7 @@
     }
 
     decrypt_master_key(passwd, decrypted_master_key, &crypt_ftr, 0, 0);
-    create_crypto_blk_dev(&crypt_ftr, decrypted_master_key, real_blkdev, crypto_blkdev,
+    create_crypto_blk_dev(&crypt_ftr, decrypted_master_key, real_blkdev.c_str(), crypto_blkdev,
                           CRYPTO_BLOCK_DEVICE, 0);
 
     /* If we are continuing, check checksums match */
@@ -2370,22 +2357,21 @@
         __le8 hash_first_block[SHA256_DIGEST_LENGTH];
         rc = cryptfs_SHA256_fileblock(crypto_blkdev, hash_first_block);
 
-        if (!rc && memcmp(hash_first_block, crypt_ftr.hash_first_block,
-                          sizeof(hash_first_block)) != 0) {
+        if (!rc &&
+            memcmp(hash_first_block, crypt_ftr.hash_first_block, sizeof(hash_first_block)) != 0) {
             SLOGE("Checksums do not match - trigger wipe");
             rc = -1;
         }
     }
 
     if (!rc) {
-        rc = cryptfs_enable_all_volumes(&crypt_ftr, crypto_blkdev, real_blkdev,
+        rc = cryptfs_enable_all_volumes(&crypt_ftr, crypto_blkdev, real_blkdev.data(),
                                         previously_encrypted_upto);
     }
 
     /* Calculate checksum if we are not finished */
     if (!rc && crypt_ftr.encrypted_upto != crypt_ftr.fs_size) {
-        rc = cryptfs_SHA256_fileblock(crypto_blkdev,
-                                      crypt_ftr.hash_first_block);
+        rc = cryptfs_SHA256_fileblock(crypto_blkdev, crypt_ftr.hash_first_block);
         if (rc) {
             SLOGE("Error calculating checksum for continuing encryption");
             rc = -1;
@@ -2395,7 +2381,7 @@
     /* Undo the dm-crypt mapping whether we succeed or not */
     delete_crypto_blk_dev(CRYPTO_BLOCK_DEVICE);
 
-    if (! rc) {
+    if (!rc) {
         /* Success */
         crypt_ftr.flags &= ~CRYPT_INCONSISTENT_STATE;
 
@@ -2443,8 +2429,7 @@
             SLOGE("encryption failed - rebooting into recovery to wipe data\n");
             std::string err;
             const std::vector<std::string> options = {
-                "--wipe_data\n--reason=cryptfs_enable_internal\n"
-            };
+                "--wipe_data\n--reason=cryptfs_enable_internal\n"};
             if (!write_bootloader_message(options, &err)) {
                 SLOGE("could not write bootloader message: %s", err.c_str());
             }
@@ -2477,7 +2462,9 @@
      * but the framework is stopped and not restarted to show the error, so it's up to
      * vold to restart the system.
      */
-    SLOGE("Error enabling encryption after framework is shutdown, no data changed, restarting system");
+    SLOGE(
+        "Error enabling encryption after framework is shutdown, no data changed, restarting "
+        "system");
     cryptfs_reboot(RebootType::reboot);
 
     /* shouldn't get here */
@@ -2496,9 +2483,8 @@
     return cryptfs_enable_internal(CRYPT_TYPE_DEFAULT, DEFAULT_PASSWORD, no_ui);
 }
 
-int cryptfs_changepw(int crypt_type, const char *newpw)
-{
-    if (e4crypt_is_native()) {
+int cryptfs_changepw(int crypt_type, const char* newpw) {
+    if (fscrypt_is_native()) {
         SLOGE("cryptfs_changepw not valid for file encryption");
         return -1;
     }
@@ -2525,12 +2511,8 @@
 
     crypt_ftr.crypt_type = crypt_type;
 
-    rc = encrypt_master_key(crypt_type == CRYPT_TYPE_DEFAULT ? DEFAULT_PASSWORD
-                                                        : newpw,
-                       crypt_ftr.salt,
-                       saved_master_key,
-                       crypt_ftr.master_key,
-                       &crypt_ftr);
+    rc = encrypt_master_key(crypt_type == CRYPT_TYPE_DEFAULT ? DEFAULT_PASSWORD : newpw,
+                            crypt_ftr.salt, saved_master_key, crypt_ftr.master_key, &crypt_ftr);
     if (rc) {
         SLOGE("Encrypt master key failed: %d", rc);
         return -1;
@@ -2544,28 +2526,28 @@
 static unsigned int persist_get_max_entries(int encrypted) {
     struct crypt_mnt_ftr crypt_ftr;
     unsigned int dsize;
-    unsigned int max_persistent_entries;
 
     /* If encrypted, use the values from the crypt_ftr, otherwise
      * use the values for the current spec.
      */
     if (encrypted) {
         if (get_crypt_ftr_and_key(&crypt_ftr)) {
-            return -1;
+            /* Something is wrong, assume no space for entries */
+            return 0;
         }
         dsize = crypt_ftr.persist_data_size;
     } else {
         dsize = CRYPT_PERSIST_DATA_SIZE;
     }
 
-    max_persistent_entries = (dsize - sizeof(struct crypt_persist_data)) /
-        sizeof(struct crypt_persist_entry);
-
-    return max_persistent_entries;
+    if (dsize > sizeof(struct crypt_persist_data)) {
+        return (dsize - sizeof(struct crypt_persist_data)) / sizeof(struct crypt_persist_entry);
+    } else {
+        return 0;
+    }
 }
 
-static int persist_get_key(const char *fieldname, char *value)
-{
+static int persist_get_key(const char* fieldname, char* value) {
     unsigned int i;
 
     if (persist_data == NULL) {
@@ -2582,8 +2564,7 @@
     return -1;
 }
 
-static int persist_set_key(const char *fieldname, const char *value, int encrypted)
-{
+static int persist_set_key(const char* fieldname, const char* value, int encrypted) {
     unsigned int i;
     unsigned int num;
     unsigned int max_persistent_entries;
@@ -2621,7 +2602,7 @@
  * Test if key is part of the multi-entry (field, index) sequence. Return non-zero if key is in the
  * sequence and its index is greater than or equal to index. Return 0 otherwise.
  */
-int match_multi_entry(const char *key, const char *field, unsigned index) {
+int match_multi_entry(const char* key, const char* field, unsigned index) {
     std::string key_ = key;
     std::string field_ = field;
 
@@ -2648,8 +2629,7 @@
  * and PERSIST_DEL_KEY_ERROR_OTHER if error occurs.
  *
  */
-static int persist_del_keys(const char *fieldname, unsigned index)
-{
+static int persist_del_keys(const char* fieldname, unsigned index) {
     unsigned int i;
     unsigned int j;
     unsigned int num;
@@ -2660,7 +2640,7 @@
 
     num = persist_data->persist_valid_entries;
 
-    j = 0; // points to the end of non-deleted entries.
+    j = 0;  // points to the end of non-deleted entries.
     // Filter out to-be-deleted entries in place.
     for (i = 0; i < num; i++) {
         if (!match_multi_entry(persist_data->persist_entry[i].key, fieldname, index)) {
@@ -2680,8 +2660,7 @@
     }
 }
 
-static int persist_count_keys(const char *fieldname)
-{
+static int persist_count_keys(const char* fieldname) {
     unsigned int i;
     unsigned int count;
 
@@ -2700,9 +2679,8 @@
 }
 
 /* Return the value of the specified field. */
-int cryptfs_getfield(const char *fieldname, char *value, int len)
-{
-    if (e4crypt_is_native()) {
+int cryptfs_getfield(const char* fieldname, char* value, int len) {
+    if (fscrypt_is_native()) {
         SLOGE("Cannot get field when file encrypted");
         return -1;
     }
@@ -2729,7 +2707,7 @@
     // stitch them back together.
     if (!persist_get_key(fieldname, temp_value)) {
         // We found it, copy it to the caller's buffer and keep going until all entries are read.
-        if (strlcpy(value, temp_value, len) >= (unsigned) len) {
+        if (strlcpy(value, temp_value, len) >= (unsigned)len) {
             // value too small
             rc = CRYPTO_GETFIELD_ERROR_BUF_TOO_SMALL;
             goto out;
@@ -2738,7 +2716,7 @@
 
         for (i = 1; /* break explicitly */; i++) {
             if (snprintf(temp_field, sizeof(temp_field), "%s_%d", fieldname, i) >=
-                    (int) sizeof(temp_field)) {
+                (int)sizeof(temp_field)) {
                 // If the fieldname is very long, we stop as soon as it begins to overflow the
                 // maximum field length. At this point we have in fact fully read out the original
                 // value because cryptfs_setfield would not allow fields with longer names to be
@@ -2746,11 +2724,11 @@
                 break;
             }
             if (!persist_get_key(temp_field, temp_value)) {
-                  if (strlcat(value, temp_value, len) >= (unsigned)len) {
-                      // value too small.
-                      rc = CRYPTO_GETFIELD_ERROR_BUF_TOO_SMALL;
-                      goto out;
-                  }
+                if (strlcat(value, temp_value, len) >= (unsigned)len) {
+                    // value too small.
+                    rc = CRYPTO_GETFIELD_ERROR_BUF_TOO_SMALL;
+                    goto out;
+                }
             } else {
                 // Exhaust all entries.
                 break;
@@ -2766,9 +2744,8 @@
 }
 
 /* Set the value of the specified field. */
-int cryptfs_setfield(const char *fieldname, const char *value)
-{
-    if (e4crypt_is_native()) {
+int cryptfs_setfield(const char* fieldname, const char* value) {
+    if (fscrypt_is_native()) {
         SLOGE("Cannot set field when file encrypted");
         return -1;
     }
@@ -2791,7 +2768,7 @@
     }
 
     property_get("ro.crypto.state", encrypted_state, "");
-    if (!strcmp(encrypted_state, "encrypted") ) {
+    if (!strcmp(encrypted_state, "encrypted")) {
         encrypted = 1;
     }
 
@@ -2860,14 +2837,14 @@
  * On success trigger next init phase and return 0.
  * Currently do not handle failure - see TODO below.
  */
-int cryptfs_mount_default_encrypted(void)
-{
+int cryptfs_mount_default_encrypted(void) {
     int crypt_type = cryptfs_get_password_type();
     if (crypt_type < 0 || crypt_type > CRYPT_TYPE_MAX_TYPE) {
         SLOGE("Bad crypt type - error");
     } else if (crypt_type != CRYPT_TYPE_DEFAULT) {
-        SLOGD("Password is not default - "
-              "starting min framework to prompt");
+        SLOGD(
+            "Password is not default - "
+            "starting min framework to prompt");
         property_set("vold.decrypt", "trigger_restart_min_framework");
         return 0;
     } else if (cryptfs_check_passwd(DEFAULT_PASSWORD) == 0) {
@@ -2887,9 +2864,8 @@
 
 /* Returns type of the password, default, pattern, pin or password.
  */
-int cryptfs_get_password_type(void)
-{
-    if (e4crypt_is_native()) {
+int cryptfs_get_password_type(void) {
+    if (fscrypt_is_native()) {
         SLOGE("cryptfs_get_password_type not valid for file encryption");
         return -1;
     }
@@ -2908,9 +2884,8 @@
     return crypt_ftr.crypt_type;
 }
 
-const char* cryptfs_get_password()
-{
-    if (e4crypt_is_native()) {
+const char* cryptfs_get_password() {
+    if (fscrypt_is_native()) {
         SLOGE("cryptfs_get_password not valid for file encryption");
         return 0;
     }
@@ -2925,8 +2900,7 @@
     }
 }
 
-void cryptfs_clear_password()
-{
+void cryptfs_clear_password() {
     if (password) {
         size_t len = strlen(password);
         memset(password, 0, len);
@@ -2936,8 +2910,7 @@
     }
 }
 
-int cryptfs_isConvertibleToFBE()
-{
-    struct fstab_rec* rec = fs_mgr_get_entry_for_mount_point(fstab_default, DATA_MNT_POINT);
-    return fs_mgr_is_convertible_to_fbe(rec) ? 1 : 0;
+int cryptfs_isConvertibleToFBE() {
+    auto entry = GetEntryForMountPoint(&fstab_default, DATA_MNT_POINT);
+    return entry && entry->fs_mgr_flags.force_fde_or_fbe;
 }
diff --git a/cryptfs.h b/cryptfs.h
index d6c7dc5..692d7ee 100644
--- a/cryptfs.h
+++ b/cryptfs.h
@@ -29,8 +29,10 @@
  * partition.
  */
 
+#include <linux/types.h>
 #include <stdbool.h>
 #include <stdint.h>
+
 #include <cutils/properties.h>
 
 /* The current cryptfs version */
@@ -49,32 +51,39 @@
 
 /* definitions of flags in the structure below */
 #define CRYPT_MNT_KEY_UNENCRYPTED 0x1 /* The key for the partition is not encrypted. */
-#define CRYPT_ENCRYPTION_IN_PROGRESS 0x2 /* Encryption partially completed,
-                                            encrypted_upto valid*/
-#define CRYPT_INCONSISTENT_STATE 0x4 /* Set when starting encryption, clear when
-                                        exit cleanly, either through success or
-                                        correctly marked partial encryption */
-#define CRYPT_DATA_CORRUPT 0x8 /* Set when encryption is fine, but the
-                                  underlying volume is corrupt */
-#define CRYPT_FORCE_ENCRYPTION 0x10 /* Set when it is time to encrypt this
-                                       volume on boot. Everything in this
-                                       structure is set up correctly as
-                                       though device is encrypted except
-                                       that the master key is encrypted with the
-                                       default password. */
-#define CRYPT_FORCE_COMPLETE 0x20 /* Set when the above encryption cycle is
-                                     complete. On next cryptkeeper entry, match
-                                     the password. If it matches fix the master
-                                     key and remove this flag. */
+#define CRYPT_ENCRYPTION_IN_PROGRESS       \
+    0x2 /* Encryption partially completed, \
+           encrypted_upto valid*/
+#define CRYPT_INCONSISTENT_STATE                    \
+    0x4 /* Set when starting encryption, clear when \
+           exit cleanly, either through success or  \
+           correctly marked partial encryption */
+#define CRYPT_DATA_CORRUPT                      \
+    0x8 /* Set when encryption is fine, but the \
+           underlying volume is corrupt */
+#define CRYPT_FORCE_ENCRYPTION                        \
+    0x10 /* Set when it is time to encrypt this       \
+            volume on boot. Everything in this        \
+            structure is set up correctly as          \
+            though device is encrypted except         \
+            that the master key is encrypted with the \
+            default password. */
+#define CRYPT_FORCE_COMPLETE                           \
+    0x20 /* Set when the above encryption cycle is     \
+            complete. On next cryptkeeper entry, match \
+            the password. If it matches fix the master \
+            key and remove this flag. */
 
 /* Allowed values for type in the structure below */
-#define CRYPT_TYPE_PASSWORD 0 /* master_key is encrypted with a password
-                               * Must be zero to be compatible with pre-L
-                               * devices where type is always password.*/
-#define CRYPT_TYPE_DEFAULT  1 /* master_key is encrypted with default
-                               * password */
-#define CRYPT_TYPE_PATTERN  2 /* master_key is encrypted with a pattern */
-#define CRYPT_TYPE_PIN      3 /* master_key is encrypted with a pin */
+#define CRYPT_TYPE_PASSWORD                       \
+    0 /* master_key is encrypted with a password  \
+       * Must be zero to be compatible with pre-L \
+       * devices where type is always password.*/
+#define CRYPT_TYPE_DEFAULT                                           \
+    1                        /* master_key is encrypted with default \
+                              * password */
+#define CRYPT_TYPE_PATTERN 2 /* master_key is encrypted with a pattern */
+#define CRYPT_TYPE_PIN 3     /* master_key is encrypted with a pin */
 #define CRYPT_TYPE_MAX_TYPE 3 /* type cannot be larger than this value */
 
 #define CRYPT_MNT_MAGIC 0xD0B5B1C4
@@ -90,78 +99,78 @@
 #define KEYMASTER_BLOB_SIZE 2048
 
 /* __le32 and __le16 defined in system/extras/ext4_utils/ext4_utils.h */
-#define __le8  unsigned char
+#define __le8 unsigned char
 
 #if !defined(SHA256_DIGEST_LENGTH)
 #define SHA256_DIGEST_LENGTH 32
 #endif
 
 struct crypt_mnt_ftr {
-  __le32 magic;         /* See above */
-  __le16 major_version;
-  __le16 minor_version;
-  __le32 ftr_size;      /* in bytes, not including key following */
-  __le32 flags;         /* See above */
-  __le32 keysize;       /* in bytes */
-  __le32 crypt_type;    /* how master_key is encrypted. Must be a
-                         * CRYPT_TYPE_XXX value */
-  __le64 fs_size;       /* Size of the encrypted fs, in 512 byte sectors */
-  __le32 failed_decrypt_count; /* count of # of failed attempts to decrypt and
-                                  mount, set to 0 on successful mount */
-  unsigned char crypto_type_name[MAX_CRYPTO_TYPE_NAME_LEN]; /* The type of encryption
-                                                               needed to decrypt this
-                                                               partition, null terminated */
-  __le32 spare2;        /* ignored */
-  unsigned char master_key[MAX_KEY_LEN]; /* The encrypted key for decrypting the filesystem */
-  unsigned char salt[SALT_LEN];   /* The salt used for this encryption */
-  __le64 persist_data_offset[2];  /* Absolute offset to both copies of crypt_persist_data
-                                   * on device with that info, either the footer of the
-                                   * real_blkdevice or the metadata partition. */
+    __le32 magic; /* See above */
+    __le16 major_version;
+    __le16 minor_version;
+    __le32 ftr_size;             /* in bytes, not including key following */
+    __le32 flags;                /* See above */
+    __le32 keysize;              /* in bytes */
+    __le32 crypt_type;           /* how master_key is encrypted. Must be a
+                                  * CRYPT_TYPE_XXX value */
+    __le64 fs_size;              /* Size of the encrypted fs, in 512 byte sectors */
+    __le32 failed_decrypt_count; /* count of # of failed attempts to decrypt and
+                                    mount, set to 0 on successful mount */
+    unsigned char crypto_type_name[MAX_CRYPTO_TYPE_NAME_LEN]; /* The type of encryption
+                                                                 needed to decrypt this
+                                                                 partition, null terminated */
+    __le32 spare2;                                            /* ignored */
+    unsigned char master_key[MAX_KEY_LEN]; /* The encrypted key for decrypting the filesystem */
+    unsigned char salt[SALT_LEN];          /* The salt used for this encryption */
+    __le64 persist_data_offset[2];         /* Absolute offset to both copies of crypt_persist_data
+                                            * on device with that info, either the footer of the
+                                            * real_blkdevice or the metadata partition. */
 
-  __le32 persist_data_size;       /* The number of bytes allocated to each copy of the
-                                   * persistent data table*/
+    __le32 persist_data_size; /* The number of bytes allocated to each copy of the
+                               * persistent data table*/
 
-  __le8  kdf_type; /* The key derivation function used. */
+    __le8 kdf_type; /* The key derivation function used. */
 
-  /* scrypt parameters. See www.tarsnap.com/scrypt/scrypt.pdf */
-  __le8  N_factor; /* (1 << N) */
-  __le8  r_factor; /* (1 << r) */
-  __le8  p_factor; /* (1 << p) */
-  __le64 encrypted_upto; /* If we are in state CRYPT_ENCRYPTION_IN_PROGRESS and
-                            we have to stop (e.g. power low) this is the last
-                            encrypted 512 byte sector.*/
-  __le8  hash_first_block[SHA256_DIGEST_LENGTH]; /* When CRYPT_ENCRYPTION_IN_PROGRESS
-                                                    set, hash of first block, used
-                                                    to validate before continuing*/
+    /* scrypt parameters. See www.tarsnap.com/scrypt/scrypt.pdf */
+    __le8 N_factor;        /* (1 << N) */
+    __le8 r_factor;        /* (1 << r) */
+    __le8 p_factor;        /* (1 << p) */
+    __le64 encrypted_upto; /* If we are in state CRYPT_ENCRYPTION_IN_PROGRESS and
+                              we have to stop (e.g. power low) this is the last
+                              encrypted 512 byte sector.*/
+    __le8 hash_first_block[SHA256_DIGEST_LENGTH]; /* When CRYPT_ENCRYPTION_IN_PROGRESS
+                                                     set, hash of first block, used
+                                                     to validate before continuing*/
 
-  /* key_master key, used to sign the derived key which is then used to generate
-   * the intermediate key
-   * This key should be used for no other purposes! We use this key to sign unpadded 
-   * data, which is acceptable but only if the key is not reused elsewhere. */
-  __le8 keymaster_blob[KEYMASTER_BLOB_SIZE];
-  __le32 keymaster_blob_size;
+    /* key_master key, used to sign the derived key which is then used to generate
+     * the intermediate key
+     * This key should be used for no other purposes! We use this key to sign unpadded
+     * data, which is acceptable but only if the key is not reused elsewhere. */
+    __le8 keymaster_blob[KEYMASTER_BLOB_SIZE];
+    __le32 keymaster_blob_size;
 
-  /* Store scrypt of salted intermediate key. When decryption fails, we can
-     check if this matches, and if it does, we know that the problem is with the
-     drive, and there is no point in asking the user for more passwords.
+    /* Store scrypt of salted intermediate key. When decryption fails, we can
+       check if this matches, and if it does, we know that the problem is with the
+       drive, and there is no point in asking the user for more passwords.
 
-     Note that if any part of this structure is corrupt, this will not match and
-     we will continue to believe the user entered the wrong password. In that
-     case the only solution is for the user to enter a password enough times to
-     force a wipe.
+       Note that if any part of this structure is corrupt, this will not match and
+       we will continue to believe the user entered the wrong password. In that
+       case the only solution is for the user to enter a password enough times to
+       force a wipe.
 
-     Note also that there is no need to worry about migration. If this data is
-     wrong, we simply won't recognise a right password, and will continue to
-     prompt. On the first password change, this value will be populated and
-     then we will be OK.
-   */
-  unsigned char scrypted_intermediate_key[SCRYPT_LEN];
+       Note also that there is no need to worry about migration. If this data is
+       wrong, we simply won't recognise a right password, and will continue to
+       prompt. On the first password change, this value will be populated and
+       then we will be OK.
+     */
+    unsigned char scrypted_intermediate_key[SCRYPT_LEN];
 
-  /* sha of this structure with this element set to zero
-     Used when encrypting on reboot to validate structure before doing something
-     fatal
-   */
-  unsigned char sha256[SHA256_DIGEST_LENGTH];
+    /* sha of this structure with this element set to zero
+       Used when encrypting on reboot to validate structure before doing something
+       fatal
+     */
+    unsigned char sha256[SHA256_DIGEST_LENGTH];
 };
 
 /* Persistant data that should be available before decryption.
@@ -178,49 +187,49 @@
  * and higher crypt_mnt_ftr structures.
  */
 struct crypt_persist_entry {
-  char key[PROPERTY_KEY_MAX];
-  char val[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
+    char key[PROPERTY_KEY_MAX];
+    char val[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
 };
 
 /* Should be exactly 4K in size */
 struct crypt_persist_data {
-  __le32 persist_magic;
-  __le32 persist_valid_entries;
-  __le32 persist_spare[30];
-  struct crypt_persist_entry persist_entry[0];
+    __le32 persist_magic;
+    __le32 persist_valid_entries;
+    __le32 persist_spare[30];
+    struct crypt_persist_entry persist_entry[0];
 };
 
 #define DATA_MNT_POINT "/data"
 
 /* Return values for cryptfs_crypto_complete */
-#define CRYPTO_COMPLETE_NOT_ENCRYPTED  1
-#define CRYPTO_COMPLETE_ENCRYPTED      0
-#define CRYPTO_COMPLETE_BAD_METADATA  (-1)
-#define CRYPTO_COMPLETE_PARTIAL       (-2)
-#define CRYPTO_COMPLETE_INCONSISTENT  (-3)
-#define CRYPTO_COMPLETE_CORRUPT       (-4)
+#define CRYPTO_COMPLETE_NOT_ENCRYPTED 1
+#define CRYPTO_COMPLETE_ENCRYPTED 0
+#define CRYPTO_COMPLETE_BAD_METADATA (-1)
+#define CRYPTO_COMPLETE_PARTIAL (-2)
+#define CRYPTO_COMPLETE_INCONSISTENT (-3)
+#define CRYPTO_COMPLETE_CORRUPT (-4)
 
 /* Return values for cryptfs_enable_inplace*() */
 #define ENABLE_INPLACE_OK 0
 #define ENABLE_INPLACE_ERR_OTHER (-1)
-#define ENABLE_INPLACE_ERR_DEV (-2)  /* crypto_blkdev issue */
+#define ENABLE_INPLACE_ERR_DEV (-2) /* crypto_blkdev issue */
 
 /* Return values for cryptfs_getfield */
-#define CRYPTO_GETFIELD_OK                   0
-#define CRYPTO_GETFIELD_ERROR_NO_FIELD      (-1)
-#define CRYPTO_GETFIELD_ERROR_OTHER         (-2)
+#define CRYPTO_GETFIELD_OK 0
+#define CRYPTO_GETFIELD_ERROR_NO_FIELD (-1)
+#define CRYPTO_GETFIELD_ERROR_OTHER (-2)
 #define CRYPTO_GETFIELD_ERROR_BUF_TOO_SMALL (-3)
 
 /* Return values for cryptfs_setfield */
-#define CRYPTO_SETFIELD_OK                    0
-#define CRYPTO_SETFIELD_ERROR_OTHER          (-1)
+#define CRYPTO_SETFIELD_OK 0
+#define CRYPTO_SETFIELD_ERROR_OTHER (-1)
 #define CRYPTO_SETFIELD_ERROR_FIELD_TOO_LONG (-2)
 #define CRYPTO_SETFIELD_ERROR_VALUE_TOO_LONG (-3)
 
 /* Return values for persist_del_key */
-#define PERSIST_DEL_KEY_OK                 0
-#define PERSIST_DEL_KEY_ERROR_OTHER       (-1)
-#define PERSIST_DEL_KEY_ERROR_NO_FIELD    (-2)
+#define PERSIST_DEL_KEY_OK 0
+#define PERSIST_DEL_KEY_ERROR_OTHER (-1)
+#define PERSIST_DEL_KEY_ERROR_NO_FIELD (-2)
 
 int match_multi_entry(const char* key, const char* field, unsigned index);
 int wait_and_unmount(const char* mountpoint, bool kill);
diff --git a/fs/Exfat.cpp b/fs/Exfat.cpp
index 5c15075..c624eb9 100644
--- a/fs/Exfat.cpp
+++ b/fs/Exfat.cpp
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@
     cmd.push_back(kFsckPath);
     cmd.push_back(source);
 
-    int rc = ForkExecvp(cmd, sFsckUntrustedContext);
+    int rc = ForkExecvp(cmd, nullptr, sFsckUntrustedContext);
     if (rc == 0) {
         LOG(INFO) << "Check OK";
         return 0;
diff --git a/fs/Ext4.cpp b/fs/Ext4.cpp
index 89b8414..0059233 100644
--- a/fs/Ext4.cpp
+++ b/fs/Ext4.cpp
@@ -14,40 +14,34 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdlib.h>
-#include <fcntl.h>
-#include <unistd.h>
-#include <errno.h>
-#include <string.h>
 #include <dirent.h>
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <fcntl.h>
-#include <vector>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
 #include <string>
+#include <vector>
 
-#include <sys/types.h>
-#include <sys/stat.h>
-#include <sys/types.h>
 #include <sys/mman.h>
 #include <sys/mount.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
 #include <sys/wait.h>
 
 #include <linux/kdev_t.h>
 
-#define LOG_TAG "Vold"
-
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 #include <android-base/properties.h>
 #include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
-#include <cutils/log.h>
 #include <cutils/properties.h>
-#include <ext4_utils/ext4_crypt.h>
+#include <fscrypt/fscrypt.h>
 #include <logwrap/logwrap.h>
 #include <selinux/selinux.h>
 
 #include "Ext4.h"
-#include "Ext4Crypt.h"
+#include "FsCrypt.h"
 #include "Utils.h"
 #include "VoldUtil.h"
 
@@ -62,9 +56,8 @@
 static const char* kFsckPath = "/system/bin/e2fsck";
 
 bool IsSupported() {
-    return access(kMkfsPath, X_OK) == 0
-            && access(kFsckPath, X_OK) == 0
-            && IsFilesystemSupported("ext4");
+    return access(kMkfsPath, X_OK) == 0 && access(kFsckPath, X_OK) == 0 &&
+           IsFilesystemSupported("ext4");
 }
 
 status_t Check(const std::string& source, const std::string& target) {
@@ -77,7 +70,7 @@
     int status;
     int ret;
     long tmpmnt_flags = MS_NOATIME | MS_NOEXEC | MS_NOSUID;
-    char *tmpmnt_opts = (char*) "nomblk_io_submit,errors=remount-ro";
+    char* tmpmnt_opts = (char*)"nomblk_io_submit,errors=remount-ro";
 
     /*
      * First try to mount and unmount the filesystem.  We do this because
@@ -102,7 +95,8 @@
             if (result == 0) {
                 break;
             }
-            ALOGW("%s(): umount(%s)=%d: %s\n", __func__, c_target, result, strerror(errno));
+            LOG(WARNING) << __func__ << "(): umount(" << c_target << ")=" << result << ": "
+                         << strerror(errno);
             sleep(1);
         }
     }
@@ -112,10 +106,10 @@
      * (e.g. recent SDK system images). Detect these and skip the check.
      */
     if (access(kFsckPath, X_OK)) {
-        ALOGD("Not running %s on %s (executable not in system image)\n",
-                kFsckPath, c_source);
+        LOG(DEBUG) << "Not running " << kFsckPath << " on " << c_source
+                   << " (executable not in system image)";
     } else {
-        ALOGD("Running %s on %s\n", kFsckPath, c_source);
+        LOG(DEBUG) << "Running " << kFsckPath << " on " << c_source;
 
         std::vector<std::string> cmd;
         cmd.push_back(kFsckPath);
@@ -123,14 +117,14 @@
         cmd.push_back(c_source);
 
         // ext4 devices are currently always trusted
-        return ForkExecvp(cmd, sFsckContext);
+        return ForkExecvp(cmd, nullptr, sFsckContext);
     }
 
     return 0;
 }
 
-status_t Mount(const std::string& source, const std::string& target, bool ro,
-        bool remount, bool executable) {
+status_t Mount(const std::string& source, const std::string& target, bool ro, bool remount,
+               bool executable) {
     int rc;
     unsigned long flags;
 
@@ -164,8 +158,7 @@
     return ForkExecvp(cmd);
 }
 
-status_t Format(const std::string& source, unsigned long numSectors,
-        const std::string& target) {
+status_t Format(const std::string& source, unsigned long numSectors, const std::string& target) {
     std::vector<std::string> cmd;
     cmd.push_back(kMkfsPath);
 
@@ -182,7 +175,7 @@
     if (android::base::GetBoolProperty("vold.has_quota", false)) {
         options += ",quota";
     }
-    if (e4crypt_is_native()) {
+    if (fscrypt_is_native()) {
         options += ",encrypt";
     }
 
diff --git a/fs/Ext4.h b/fs/Ext4.h
index f78dc95..329f302 100644
--- a/fs/Ext4.h
+++ b/fs/Ext4.h
@@ -28,10 +28,9 @@
 bool IsSupported();
 
 status_t Check(const std::string& source, const std::string& target);
-status_t Mount(const std::string& source, const std::string& target, bool ro,
-        bool remount, bool executable);
-status_t Format(const std::string& source, unsigned long numSectors,
-        const std::string& target);
+status_t Mount(const std::string& source, const std::string& target, bool ro, bool remount,
+               bool executable);
+status_t Format(const std::string& source, unsigned long numSectors, const std::string& target);
 status_t Resize(const std::string& source, unsigned long numSectors);
 
 }  // namespace ext4
diff --git a/fs/F2fs.cpp b/fs/F2fs.cpp
index f24fd91..9517dc9 100644
--- a/fs/F2fs.cpp
+++ b/fs/F2fs.cpp
@@ -20,10 +20,10 @@
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 #include <android-base/properties.h>
 #include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
-#include <ext4_utils/ext4_crypt.h>
+#include <fscrypt/fscrypt.h>
 
-#include <vector>
 #include <string>
+#include <vector>
 
 #include <sys/mount.h>
 
@@ -37,9 +37,8 @@
 static const char* kFsckPath = "/system/bin/fsck.f2fs";
 
 bool IsSupported() {
-    return access(kMkfsPath, X_OK) == 0
-            && access(kFsckPath, X_OK) == 0
-            && IsFilesystemSupported("f2fs");
+    return access(kMkfsPath, X_OK) == 0 && access(kFsckPath, X_OK) == 0 &&
+           IsFilesystemSupported("f2fs");
 }
 
 status_t Check(const std::string& source) {
@@ -49,7 +48,7 @@
     cmd.push_back(source);
 
     // f2fs devices are currently always trusted
-    return ForkExecvp(cmd, sFsckContext);
+    return ForkExecvp(cmd, nullptr, sFsckContext);
 }
 
 status_t Mount(const std::string& source, const std::string& target) {
@@ -82,7 +81,7 @@
         cmd.push_back("-O");
         cmd.push_back("quota");
     }
-    if (e4crypt_is_native()) {
+    if (fscrypt_is_native()) {
         cmd.push_back("-O");
         cmd.push_back("encrypt");
     }
diff --git a/fs/Vfat.cpp b/fs/Vfat.cpp
index 538178e..14c42d6 100644
--- a/fs/Vfat.cpp
+++ b/fs/Vfat.cpp
@@ -14,24 +14,21 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdlib.h>
-#include <fcntl.h>
-#include <unistd.h>
-#include <errno.h>
-#include <string.h>
 #include <dirent.h>
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <fcntl.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
 
-#include <sys/types.h>
-#include <sys/stat.h>
-#include <sys/types.h>
-#include <sys/mman.h>
-#include <sys/mount.h>
-#include <sys/wait.h>
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
+#include <sys/mman.h>
+#include <sys/mount.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/wait.h>
 
 #include <linux/kdev_t.h>
 
@@ -41,8 +38,8 @@
 
 #include <logwrap/logwrap.h>
 
-#include "Vfat.h"
 #include "Utils.h"
+#include "Vfat.h"
 #include "VoldUtil.h"
 
 using android::base::StringPrintf;
@@ -55,9 +52,8 @@
 static const char* kFsckPath = "/system/bin/fsck_msdos";
 
 bool IsSupported() {
-    return access(kMkfsPath, X_OK) == 0
-            && access(kFsckPath, X_OK) == 0
-            && IsFilesystemSupported("vfat");
+    return access(kMkfsPath, X_OK) == 0 && access(kFsckPath, X_OK) == 0 &&
+           IsFilesystemSupported("vfat");
 }
 
 status_t Check(const std::string& source) {
@@ -71,7 +67,7 @@
         cmd.push_back(source);
 
         // Fat devices are currently always untrusted
-        rc = ForkExecvp(cmd, sFsckUntrustedContext);
+        rc = ForkExecvp(cmd, nullptr, sFsckUntrustedContext);
 
         if (rc < 0) {
             LOG(ERROR) << "Filesystem check failed due to logwrap error";
@@ -79,43 +75,42 @@
             return -1;
         }
 
-        switch(rc) {
-        case 0:
-            LOG(INFO) << "Filesystem check completed OK";
-            return 0;
+        switch (rc) {
+            case 0:
+                LOG(INFO) << "Filesystem check completed OK";
+                return 0;
 
-        case 2:
-            LOG(ERROR) << "Filesystem check failed (not a FAT filesystem)";
-            errno = ENODATA;
-            return -1;
+            case 2:
+                LOG(ERROR) << "Filesystem check failed (not a FAT filesystem)";
+                errno = ENODATA;
+                return -1;
 
-        case 4:
-            if (pass++ <= 3) {
-                LOG(WARNING) << "Filesystem modified - rechecking (pass " << pass << ")";
-                continue;
-            }
-            LOG(ERROR) << "Failing check after too many rechecks";
-            errno = EIO;
-            return -1;
+            case 4:
+                if (pass++ <= 3) {
+                    LOG(WARNING) << "Filesystem modified - rechecking (pass " << pass << ")";
+                    continue;
+                }
+                LOG(ERROR) << "Failing check after too many rechecks";
+                errno = EIO;
+                return -1;
 
-        case 8:
-            LOG(ERROR) << "Filesystem check failed (no filesystem)";
-            errno = ENODATA;
-            return -1;
+            case 8:
+                LOG(ERROR) << "Filesystem check failed (no filesystem)";
+                errno = ENODATA;
+                return -1;
 
-        default:
-            LOG(ERROR) << "Filesystem check failed (unknown exit code " << rc << ")";
-            errno = EIO;
-            return -1;
+            default:
+                LOG(ERROR) << "Filesystem check failed (unknown exit code " << rc << ")";
+                errno = EIO;
+                return -1;
         }
     } while (0);
 
     return 0;
 }
 
-status_t Mount(const std::string& source, const std::string& target, bool ro,
-        bool remount, bool executable, int ownerUid, int ownerGid, int permMask,
-        bool createLost) {
+status_t Mount(const std::string& source, const std::string& target, bool ro, bool remount,
+               bool executable, int ownerUid, int ownerGid, int permMask, bool createLost) {
     int rc;
     unsigned long flags;
 
@@ -128,9 +123,9 @@
     flags |= (ro ? MS_RDONLY : 0);
     flags |= (remount ? MS_REMOUNT : 0);
 
-    auto mountData = android::base::StringPrintf(
-            "utf8,uid=%d,gid=%d,fmask=%o,dmask=%o,shortname=mixed",
-            ownerUid, ownerGid, permMask, permMask);
+    auto mountData =
+        android::base::StringPrintf("utf8,uid=%d,gid=%d,fmask=%o,dmask=%o,shortname=mixed",
+                                    ownerUid, ownerGid, permMask, permMask);
 
     rc = mount(c_source, c_target, "vfat", flags, mountData.c_str());
 
@@ -159,12 +154,8 @@
 status_t Format(const std::string& source, unsigned long numSectors) {
     std::vector<std::string> cmd;
     cmd.push_back(kMkfsPath);
-    cmd.push_back("-F");
-    cmd.push_back("32");
     cmd.push_back("-O");
     cmd.push_back("android");
-    cmd.push_back("-c");
-    cmd.push_back("64");
     cmd.push_back("-A");
 
     if (numSectors) {
diff --git a/fs/Vfat.h b/fs/Vfat.h
index 40be5f6..2030067 100644
--- a/fs/Vfat.h
+++ b/fs/Vfat.h
@@ -28,9 +28,8 @@
 bool IsSupported();
 
 status_t Check(const std::string& source);
-status_t Mount(const std::string& source, const std::string& target, bool ro,
-        bool remount, bool executable, int ownerUid, int ownerGid, int permMask,
-        bool createLost);
+status_t Mount(const std::string& source, const std::string& target, bool ro, bool remount,
+               bool executable, int ownerUid, int ownerGid, int permMask, bool createLost);
 status_t Format(const std::string& source, unsigned long numSectors);
 
 }  // namespace vfat
diff --git a/hash.h b/hash.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 3b483f1..0000000
--- a/hash.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,68 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (c) 1999 Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan
- * (Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden). 
- * All rights reserved. 
- *
- * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 
- * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 
- * are met: 
- *
- * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 
- *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 
- *
- * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 
- *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 
- *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 
- *
- * 3. Neither the name of KTH nor the names of its contributors may be
- *    used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
- *    specific prior written permission.
- *
- * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY KTH AND ITS CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND ANY
- * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
- * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
- * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL KTH OR ITS CONTRIBUTORS BE
- * LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
- * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
- * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR
- * BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
- * WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR
- * OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF
- * ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. */
-
-/* $Heimdal: hash.h,v 1.1 1999/03/22 19:16:25 joda Exp $
-   $NetBSD: hash.h,v 1.1.1.3 2002/09/12 12:41:42 joda Exp $ */
-
-/* stuff in common between md4, md5, and sha1 */
-
-#ifndef __hash_h__
-#define __hash_h__
-
-#include <stdlib.h>
-#include <string.h>
-
-#ifndef min
-#define min(a,b) (((a)>(b))?(b):(a))
-#endif
-
-/* Vector Crays doesn't have a good 32-bit type, or more precisely,
-   int32_t as defined by <bind/bitypes.h> isn't 32 bits, and we don't
-   want to depend in being able to redefine this type.  To cope with
-   this we have to clamp the result in some places to [0,2^32); no
-   need to do this on other machines.  Did I say this was a mess?
-   */
-
-#ifdef _CRAY
-#define CRAYFIX(X) ((X) & 0xffffffff)
-#else
-#define CRAYFIX(X) (X)
-#endif
-
-static inline u_int32_t
-cshift (u_int32_t x, unsigned int n)
-{
-    x = CRAYFIX(x);
-    return CRAYFIX((x << n) | (x >> (32 - n)));
-}
-
-#endif /* __hash_h__ */
diff --git a/main.cpp b/main.cpp
index 5525e85..27a701b 100644
--- a/main.cpp
+++ b/main.cpp
@@ -16,57 +16,58 @@
 
 #define ATRACE_TAG ATRACE_TAG_PACKAGE_MANAGER
 
-#include "model/Disk.h"
-#include "VolumeManager.h"
 #include "NetlinkManager.h"
 #include "VoldNativeService.h"
 #include "VoldUtil.h"
+#include "VolumeManager.h"
 #include "cryptfs.h"
+#include "model/Disk.h"
 #include "sehandle.h"
 
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 #include <android-base/properties.h>
 #include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
 #include <cutils/klog.h>
+#include <hidl/HidlTransportSupport.h>
 #include <utils/Trace.h>
 
+#include <dirent.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <fs_mgr.h>
+#include <getopt.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
-#include <errno.h>
 #include <string.h>
 #include <sys/stat.h>
 #include <sys/types.h>
-#include <getopt.h>
-#include <fcntl.h>
-#include <dirent.h>
-#include <fs_mgr.h>
 
 static int process_config(VolumeManager* vm, bool* has_adoptable, bool* has_quota,
                           bool* has_reserved);
-static void coldboot(const char *path);
+static void coldboot(const char* path);
 static void parse_args(int argc, char** argv);
 
-struct selabel_handle *sehandle;
+struct selabel_handle* sehandle;
 
 using android::base::StringPrintf;
+using android::fs_mgr::ReadDefaultFstab;
 
 int main(int argc, char** argv) {
     atrace_set_tracing_enabled(false);
-    setenv("ANDROID_LOG_TAGS", "*:v", 1);
+    setenv("ANDROID_LOG_TAGS", "*:d", 1);  // Do not submit with verbose logs enabled
     android::base::InitLogging(argv, android::base::LogdLogger(android::base::SYSTEM));
 
     LOG(INFO) << "Vold 3.0 (the awakening) firing up";
 
     ATRACE_BEGIN("main");
 
+    LOG(DEBUG) << "Detected support for:"
+               << (android::vold::IsFilesystemSupported("ext4") ? " ext4" : "")
+               << (android::vold::IsFilesystemSupported("f2fs") ? " f2fs" : "")
+               << (android::vold::IsFilesystemSupported("vfat") ? " vfat" : "");
 
-    LOG(VERBOSE) << "Detected support for:"
-            << (android::vold::IsFilesystemSupported("ext4") ? " ext4" : "")
-            << (android::vold::IsFilesystemSupported("f2fs") ? " f2fs" : "")
-            << (android::vold::IsFilesystemSupported("vfat") ? " vfat" : "");
-
-    VolumeManager *vm;
-    NetlinkManager *nm;
+    VolumeManager* vm;
+    NetlinkManager* nm;
 
     parse_args(argc, argv);
 
@@ -108,6 +109,8 @@
         PLOG(ERROR) << "Error reading configuration... continuing anyways";
     }
 
+    android::hardware::configureRpcThreadpool(1, false /* callerWillJoin */);
+
     ATRACE_BEGIN("VoldNativeService::start");
     if (android::vold::VoldNativeService::start() != android::OK) {
         LOG(ERROR) << "Unable to start VoldNativeService";
@@ -145,19 +148,21 @@
 
 static void parse_args(int argc, char** argv) {
     static struct option opts[] = {
-        {"blkid_context", required_argument, 0, 'b' },
-        {"blkid_untrusted_context", required_argument, 0, 'B' },
-        {"fsck_context", required_argument, 0, 'f' },
-        {"fsck_untrusted_context", required_argument, 0, 'F' },
+        {"blkid_context", required_argument, 0, 'b'},
+        {"blkid_untrusted_context", required_argument, 0, 'B'},
+        {"fsck_context", required_argument, 0, 'f'},
+        {"fsck_untrusted_context", required_argument, 0, 'F'},
     };
 
     int c;
     while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "", opts, nullptr)) != -1) {
         switch (c) {
+            // clang-format off
         case 'b': android::vold::sBlkidContext = optarg; break;
         case 'B': android::vold::sBlkidUntrustedContext = optarg; break;
         case 'f': android::vold::sFsckContext = optarg; break;
         case 'F': android::vold::sFsckUntrustedContext = optarg; break;
+                // clang-format on
         }
     }
 
@@ -167,33 +172,30 @@
     CHECK(android::vold::sFsckUntrustedContext != nullptr);
 }
 
-static void do_coldboot(DIR *d, int lvl) {
-    struct dirent *de;
+static void do_coldboot(DIR* d, int lvl) {
+    struct dirent* de;
     int dfd, fd;
 
     dfd = dirfd(d);
 
     fd = openat(dfd, "uevent", O_WRONLY | O_CLOEXEC);
-    if(fd >= 0) {
+    if (fd >= 0) {
         write(fd, "add\n", 4);
         close(fd);
     }
 
-    while((de = readdir(d))) {
-        DIR *d2;
+    while ((de = readdir(d))) {
+        DIR* d2;
 
-        if (de->d_name[0] == '.')
-            continue;
+        if (de->d_name[0] == '.') continue;
 
-        if (de->d_type != DT_DIR && lvl > 0)
-            continue;
+        if (de->d_type != DT_DIR && lvl > 0) continue;
 
         fd = openat(dfd, de->d_name, O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY | O_CLOEXEC);
-        if(fd < 0)
-            continue;
+        if (fd < 0) continue;
 
         d2 = fdopendir(fd);
-        if(d2 == 0)
+        if (d2 == 0)
             close(fd);
         else {
             do_coldboot(d2, lvl + 1);
@@ -202,10 +204,10 @@
     }
 }
 
-static void coldboot(const char *path) {
+static void coldboot(const char* path) {
     ATRACE_NAME("coldboot");
-    DIR *d = opendir(path);
-    if(d) {
+    DIR* d = opendir(path);
+    if (d) {
         do_coldboot(d, 0);
         closedir(d);
     }
@@ -215,8 +217,7 @@
                           bool* has_reserved) {
     ATRACE_NAME("process_config");
 
-    fstab_default = fs_mgr_read_fstab_default();
-    if (!fstab_default) {
+    if (!ReadDefaultFstab(&fstab_default)) {
         PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to open default fstab";
         return -1;
     }
@@ -225,36 +226,40 @@
     *has_adoptable = false;
     *has_quota = false;
     *has_reserved = false;
-    for (int i = 0; i < fstab_default->num_entries; i++) {
-        auto rec = &fstab_default->recs[i];
-        if (fs_mgr_is_quota(rec)) {
+    for (auto& entry : fstab_default) {
+        if (entry.fs_mgr_flags.quota) {
             *has_quota = true;
         }
-        if (rec->reserved_size > 0) {
+        if (entry.reserved_size > 0) {
             *has_reserved = true;
         }
 
-        if (fs_mgr_is_voldmanaged(rec)) {
-            if (fs_mgr_is_nonremovable(rec)) {
+        /* Make sure logical partitions have an updated blk_device. */
+        if (entry.fs_mgr_flags.logical && !fs_mgr_update_logical_partition(&entry)) {
+            PLOG(FATAL) << "could not find logical partition " << entry.blk_device;
+        }
+
+        if (entry.fs_mgr_flags.vold_managed) {
+            if (entry.fs_mgr_flags.nonremovable) {
                 LOG(WARNING) << "nonremovable no longer supported; ignoring volume";
                 continue;
             }
 
-            std::string sysPattern(rec->blk_device);
-            std::string nickname(rec->label);
+            std::string sysPattern(entry.blk_device);
+            std::string nickname(entry.label);
             int flags = 0;
 
-            if (fs_mgr_is_encryptable(rec)) {
+            if (entry.is_encryptable()) {
                 flags |= android::vold::Disk::Flags::kAdoptable;
                 *has_adoptable = true;
             }
-            if (fs_mgr_is_noemulatedsd(rec)
-                    || android::base::GetBoolProperty("vold.debug.default_primary", false)) {
+            if (entry.fs_mgr_flags.no_emulated_sd ||
+                android::base::GetBoolProperty("vold.debug.default_primary", false)) {
                 flags |= android::vold::Disk::Flags::kDefaultPrimary;
             }
 
             vm->addDiskSource(std::shared_ptr<VolumeManager::DiskSource>(
-                    new VolumeManager::DiskSource(sysPattern, nickname, flags)));
+                new VolumeManager::DiskSource(sysPattern, nickname, flags)));
         }
     }
     return 0;
diff --git a/model/Disk.cpp b/model/Disk.cpp
index d7b19ac..b66c336 100644
--- a/model/Disk.cpp
+++ b/model/Disk.cpp
@@ -15,36 +15,36 @@
  */
 
 #include "Disk.h"
-#include "PublicVolume.h"
+#include "FsCrypt.h"
 #include "PrivateVolume.h"
+#include "PublicVolume.h"
 #include "Utils.h"
 #include "VolumeBase.h"
 #include "VolumeManager.h"
-#include "Ext4Crypt.h"
 
 #include <android-base/file.h>
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
+#include <android-base/parseint.h>
 #include <android-base/properties.h>
 #include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
 #include <android-base/strings.h>
-#include <android-base/parseint.h>
-#include <ext4_utils/ext4_crypt.h>
+#include <fscrypt/fscrypt.h>
 
 #include "cryptfs.h"
 
-#include <vector>
 #include <fcntl.h>
 #include <inttypes.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
-#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/mount.h>
 #include <sys/stat.h>
 #include <sys/sysmacros.h>
-#include <sys/mount.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <vector>
 
 using android::base::ReadFileToString;
-using android::base::WriteStringToFile;
 using android::base::StringPrintf;
+using android::base::WriteStringToFile;
 
 namespace android {
 namespace vold {
@@ -76,6 +76,8 @@
 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockMmc = 179;
 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockExperimentalMin = 240;
 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockExperimentalMax = 254;
+static const unsigned int kMajorBlockDynamicMin = 234;
+static const unsigned int kMajorBlockDynamicMax = 512;
 
 static const char* kGptBasicData = "EBD0A0A2-B9E5-4433-87C0-68B6B72699C7";
 static const char* kGptAndroidMeta = "19A710A2-B3CA-11E4-B026-10604B889DCF";
@@ -110,14 +112,22 @@
      * "ranchu", the device's sysfs path should end with "/block/vd[d-z]", etc.
      * But just having a) and b) is enough for now.
      */
-    return IsRunningInEmulator() && major >= kMajorBlockExperimentalMin
-            && major <= kMajorBlockExperimentalMax;
+    return IsRunningInEmulator() && major >= kMajorBlockExperimentalMin &&
+           major <= kMajorBlockExperimentalMax;
 }
 
-Disk::Disk(const std::string& eventPath, dev_t device,
-        const std::string& nickname, int flags) :
-        mDevice(device), mSize(-1), mNickname(nickname), mFlags(flags), mCreated(
-                false), mJustPartitioned(false) {
+static bool isNvmeBlkDevice(unsigned int major, const std::string& sysPath) {
+    return sysPath.find("nvme") != std::string::npos && major >= kMajorBlockDynamicMin &&
+           major <= kMajorBlockDynamicMax;
+}
+
+Disk::Disk(const std::string& eventPath, dev_t device, const std::string& nickname, int flags)
+    : mDevice(device),
+      mSize(-1),
+      mNickname(nickname),
+      mFlags(flags),
+      mCreated(false),
+      mJustPartitioned(false) {
     mId = StringPrintf("disk:%u,%u", major(device), minor(device));
     mEventPath = eventPath;
     mSysPath = StringPrintf("/sys/%s", eventPath.c_str());
@@ -143,7 +153,7 @@
     return nullptr;
 }
 
-void Disk::listVolumes(VolumeBase::Type type, std::list<std::string>& list) {
+void Disk::listVolumes(VolumeBase::Type type, std::list<std::string>& list) const {
     for (const auto& vol : mVolumes) {
         if (vol->getType() == type) {
             list.push_back(vol->getId());
@@ -233,73 +243,84 @@
     mSize = -1;
     mLabel.clear();
 
-    int fd = open(mDevPath.c_str(), O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC);
-    if (fd != -1) {
-        if (ioctl(fd, BLKGETSIZE64, &mSize)) {
-            mSize = -1;
-        }
-        close(fd);
+    if (GetBlockDevSize(mDevPath, &mSize) != OK) {
+        mSize = -1;
     }
 
     unsigned int majorId = major(mDevice);
     switch (majorId) {
-    case kMajorBlockLoop: {
-        mLabel = "Virtual";
-        break;
-    }
-    case kMajorBlockScsiA: case kMajorBlockScsiB: case kMajorBlockScsiC: case kMajorBlockScsiD:
-    case kMajorBlockScsiE: case kMajorBlockScsiF: case kMajorBlockScsiG: case kMajorBlockScsiH:
-    case kMajorBlockScsiI: case kMajorBlockScsiJ: case kMajorBlockScsiK: case kMajorBlockScsiL:
-    case kMajorBlockScsiM: case kMajorBlockScsiN: case kMajorBlockScsiO: case kMajorBlockScsiP: {
-        std::string path(mSysPath + "/device/vendor");
-        std::string tmp;
-        if (!ReadFileToString(path, &tmp)) {
-            PLOG(WARNING) << "Failed to read vendor from " << path;
-            return -errno;
-        }
-        tmp = android::base::Trim(tmp);
-        mLabel = tmp;
-        break;
-    }
-    case kMajorBlockMmc: {
-        std::string path(mSysPath + "/device/manfid");
-        std::string tmp;
-        if (!ReadFileToString(path, &tmp)) {
-            PLOG(WARNING) << "Failed to read manufacturer from " << path;
-            return -errno;
-        }
-        tmp = android::base::Trim(tmp);
-        int64_t manfid;
-        if (!android::base::ParseInt(tmp, &manfid)) {
-            PLOG(WARNING) << "Failed to parse manufacturer " << tmp;
-            return -EINVAL;
-        }
-        // Our goal here is to give the user a meaningful label, ideally
-        // matching whatever is silk-screened on the card.  To reduce
-        // user confusion, this list doesn't contain white-label manfid.
-        switch (manfid) {
-        case 0x000003: mLabel = "SanDisk"; break;
-        case 0x00001b: mLabel = "Samsung"; break;
-        case 0x000028: mLabel = "Lexar"; break;
-        case 0x000074: mLabel = "Transcend"; break;
-        }
-        break;
-    }
-    default: {
-        if (isVirtioBlkDevice(majorId)) {
-            LOG(DEBUG) << "Recognized experimental block major ID " << majorId
-                    << " as virtio-blk (emulator's virtual SD card device)";
+        case kMajorBlockLoop: {
             mLabel = "Virtual";
             break;
         }
-        LOG(WARNING) << "Unsupported block major type " << majorId;
-        return -ENOTSUP;
-    }
+        // clang-format off
+        case kMajorBlockScsiA: case kMajorBlockScsiB: case kMajorBlockScsiC:
+        case kMajorBlockScsiD: case kMajorBlockScsiE: case kMajorBlockScsiF:
+        case kMajorBlockScsiG: case kMajorBlockScsiH: case kMajorBlockScsiI:
+        case kMajorBlockScsiJ: case kMajorBlockScsiK: case kMajorBlockScsiL:
+        case kMajorBlockScsiM: case kMajorBlockScsiN: case kMajorBlockScsiO:
+        case kMajorBlockScsiP: {
+            // clang-format on
+            std::string path(mSysPath + "/device/vendor");
+            std::string tmp;
+            if (!ReadFileToString(path, &tmp)) {
+                PLOG(WARNING) << "Failed to read vendor from " << path;
+                return -errno;
+            }
+            tmp = android::base::Trim(tmp);
+            mLabel = tmp;
+            break;
+        }
+        case kMajorBlockMmc: {
+            std::string path(mSysPath + "/device/manfid");
+            std::string tmp;
+            if (!ReadFileToString(path, &tmp)) {
+                PLOG(WARNING) << "Failed to read manufacturer from " << path;
+                return -errno;
+            }
+            tmp = android::base::Trim(tmp);
+            int64_t manfid;
+            if (!android::base::ParseInt(tmp, &manfid)) {
+                PLOG(WARNING) << "Failed to parse manufacturer " << tmp;
+                return -EINVAL;
+            }
+            // Our goal here is to give the user a meaningful label, ideally
+            // matching whatever is silk-screened on the card.  To reduce
+            // user confusion, this list doesn't contain white-label manfid.
+            switch (manfid) {
+                // clang-format off
+                case 0x000003: mLabel = "SanDisk"; break;
+                case 0x00001b: mLabel = "Samsung"; break;
+                case 0x000028: mLabel = "Lexar"; break;
+                case 0x000074: mLabel = "Transcend"; break;
+                    // clang-format on
+            }
+            break;
+        }
+        default: {
+            if (isVirtioBlkDevice(majorId)) {
+                LOG(DEBUG) << "Recognized experimental block major ID " << majorId
+                           << " as virtio-blk (emulator's virtual SD card device)";
+                mLabel = "Virtual";
+                break;
+            }
+            if (isNvmeBlkDevice(majorId, mSysPath)) {
+                std::string path(mSysPath + "/device/model");
+                std::string tmp;
+                if (!ReadFileToString(path, &tmp)) {
+                    PLOG(WARNING) << "Failed to read vendor from " << path;
+                    return -errno;
+                }
+                mLabel = tmp;
+                break;
+            }
+            LOG(WARNING) << "Unsupported block major type " << majorId;
+            return -ENOTSUP;
+        }
     }
 
     auto listener = VolumeManager::Instance()->getListener();
-    if (listener) listener->onDiskMetadataChanged(getId(),
-            mSize, mLabel, mSysPath);
+    if (listener) listener->onDiskMetadataChanged(getId(), mSize, mLabel, mSysPath);
 
     return OK;
 }
@@ -320,7 +341,7 @@
     cmd.push_back(mDevPath);
 
     std::vector<std::string> output;
-    status_t res = ForkExecvp(cmd, output);
+    status_t res = ForkExecvp(cmd, &output);
     if (res != OK) {
         LOG(WARNING) << "sgdisk failed to scan " << mDevPath;
 
@@ -545,38 +566,49 @@
     // Figure out maximum partition devices supported
     unsigned int majorId = major(mDevice);
     switch (majorId) {
-    case kMajorBlockLoop: {
-        std::string tmp;
-        if (!ReadFileToString(kSysfsLoopMaxMinors, &tmp)) {
-            LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to read max minors";
-            return -errno;
+        case kMajorBlockLoop: {
+            std::string tmp;
+            if (!ReadFileToString(kSysfsLoopMaxMinors, &tmp)) {
+                LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to read max minors";
+                return -errno;
+            }
+            return std::stoi(tmp);
         }
-        return std::stoi(tmp);
-    }
-    case kMajorBlockScsiA: case kMajorBlockScsiB: case kMajorBlockScsiC: case kMajorBlockScsiD:
-    case kMajorBlockScsiE: case kMajorBlockScsiF: case kMajorBlockScsiG: case kMajorBlockScsiH:
-    case kMajorBlockScsiI: case kMajorBlockScsiJ: case kMajorBlockScsiK: case kMajorBlockScsiL:
-    case kMajorBlockScsiM: case kMajorBlockScsiN: case kMajorBlockScsiO: case kMajorBlockScsiP: {
-        // Per Documentation/devices.txt this is static
-        return 15;
-    }
-    case kMajorBlockMmc: {
-        // Per Documentation/devices.txt this is dynamic
-        std::string tmp;
-        if (!ReadFileToString(kSysfsMmcMaxMinors, &tmp) &&
-                !ReadFileToString(kSysfsMmcMaxMinorsDeprecated, &tmp)) {
-            LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to read max minors";
-            return -errno;
-        }
-        return std::stoi(tmp);
-    }
-    default: {
-        if (isVirtioBlkDevice(majorId)) {
-            // drivers/block/virtio_blk.c has "#define PART_BITS 4", so max is
-            // 2^4 - 1 = 15
+        // clang-format off
+        case kMajorBlockScsiA: case kMajorBlockScsiB: case kMajorBlockScsiC:
+        case kMajorBlockScsiD: case kMajorBlockScsiE: case kMajorBlockScsiF:
+        case kMajorBlockScsiG: case kMajorBlockScsiH: case kMajorBlockScsiI:
+        case kMajorBlockScsiJ: case kMajorBlockScsiK: case kMajorBlockScsiL:
+        case kMajorBlockScsiM: case kMajorBlockScsiN: case kMajorBlockScsiO:
+        case kMajorBlockScsiP: {
+            // clang-format on
+            // Per Documentation/devices.txt this is static
             return 15;
         }
-    }
+        case kMajorBlockMmc: {
+            // Per Documentation/devices.txt this is dynamic
+            std::string tmp;
+            if (!ReadFileToString(kSysfsMmcMaxMinors, &tmp) &&
+                !ReadFileToString(kSysfsMmcMaxMinorsDeprecated, &tmp)) {
+                LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to read max minors";
+                return -errno;
+            }
+            return std::stoi(tmp);
+        }
+        default: {
+            if (isVirtioBlkDevice(majorId)) {
+                // drivers/block/virtio_blk.c has "#define PART_BITS 4", so max is
+                // 2^4 - 1 = 15
+                return 15;
+            }
+            if (isNvmeBlkDevice(majorId, mSysPath)) {
+                // despite kernel nvme driver supports up to 1M minors,
+                //     #define NVME_MINORS (1U << MINORBITS)
+                // sgdisk can not support more than 127 partitions, due to
+                //     #define MAX_MBR_PARTS 128
+                return 127;
+            }
+        }
     }
 
     LOG(ERROR) << "Unsupported block major type " << majorId;
diff --git a/model/Disk.h b/model/Disk.h
index 63acf6a..889e906 100644
--- a/model/Disk.h
+++ b/model/Disk.h
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
  * how to repartition itself.
  */
 class Disk {
-public:
+  public:
     Disk(const std::string& eventPath, dev_t device, const std::string& nickname, int flags);
     virtual ~Disk();
 
@@ -54,18 +54,18 @@
         kEmmc = 1 << 4,
     };
 
-    const std::string& getId() { return mId; }
-    const std::string& getEventPath() { return mEventPath; }
-    const std::string& getSysPath() { return mSysPath; }
-    const std::string& getDevPath() { return mDevPath; }
-    dev_t getDevice() { return mDevice; }
-    uint64_t getSize() { return mSize; }
-    const std::string& getLabel() { return mLabel; }
-    int getFlags() { return mFlags; }
+    const std::string& getId() const { return mId; }
+    const std::string& getEventPath() const { return mEventPath; }
+    const std::string& getSysPath() const { return mSysPath; }
+    const std::string& getDevPath() const { return mDevPath; }
+    dev_t getDevice() const { return mDevice; }
+    uint64_t getSize() const { return mSize; }
+    const std::string& getLabel() const { return mLabel; }
+    int getFlags() const { return mFlags; }
 
     std::shared_ptr<VolumeBase> findVolume(const std::string& id);
 
-    void listVolumes(VolumeBase::Type type, std::list<std::string>& list);
+    void listVolumes(VolumeBase::Type type, std::list<std::string>& list) const;
 
     status_t create();
     status_t destroy();
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@
     status_t partitionPrivate();
     status_t partitionMixed(int8_t ratio);
 
-private:
+  private:
     /* ID that uniquely references this disk */
     std::string mId;
     /* Original event path */
diff --git a/model/EmulatedVolume.cpp b/model/EmulatedVolume.cpp
index 31c3924..73bf6d1 100644
--- a/model/EmulatedVolume.cpp
+++ b/model/EmulatedVolume.cpp
@@ -16,9 +16,10 @@
 
 #include "EmulatedVolume.h"
 #include "Utils.h"
+#include "VolumeManager.h"
 
-#include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
+#include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
 #include <cutils/fs.h>
 #include <private/android_filesystem_config.h>
 #include <utils/Timers.h>
@@ -27,8 +28,8 @@
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <sys/mount.h>
 #include <sys/stat.h>
-#include <sys/types.h>
 #include <sys/sysmacros.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
 #include <sys/wait.h>
 
 using android::base::StringPrintf;
@@ -38,22 +39,21 @@
 
 static const char* kFusePath = "/system/bin/sdcard";
 
-EmulatedVolume::EmulatedVolume(const std::string& rawPath) :
-        VolumeBase(Type::kEmulated), mFusePid(0) {
+EmulatedVolume::EmulatedVolume(const std::string& rawPath)
+    : VolumeBase(Type::kEmulated), mFusePid(0) {
     setId("emulated");
     mRawPath = rawPath;
     mLabel = "emulated";
 }
 
-EmulatedVolume::EmulatedVolume(const std::string& rawPath, dev_t device,
-        const std::string& fsUuid) : VolumeBase(Type::kEmulated), mFusePid(0) {
+EmulatedVolume::EmulatedVolume(const std::string& rawPath, dev_t device, const std::string& fsUuid)
+    : VolumeBase(Type::kEmulated), mFusePid(0) {
     setId(StringPrintf("emulated:%u,%u", major(device), minor(device)));
     mRawPath = rawPath;
     mLabel = fsUuid;
 }
 
-EmulatedVolume::~EmulatedVolume() {
-}
+EmulatedVolume::~EmulatedVolume() {}
 
 status_t EmulatedVolume::doMount() {
     // We could have migrated storage to an adopted private volume, so always
@@ -66,20 +66,24 @@
     mFuseDefault = StringPrintf("/mnt/runtime/default/%s", label.c_str());
     mFuseRead = StringPrintf("/mnt/runtime/read/%s", label.c_str());
     mFuseWrite = StringPrintf("/mnt/runtime/write/%s", label.c_str());
+    mFuseFull = StringPrintf("/mnt/runtime/full/%s", label.c_str());
 
     setInternalPath(mRawPath);
     setPath(StringPrintf("/storage/%s", label.c_str()));
+    setLabel(label);
 
     if (fs_prepare_dir(mFuseDefault.c_str(), 0700, AID_ROOT, AID_ROOT) ||
-            fs_prepare_dir(mFuseRead.c_str(), 0700, AID_ROOT, AID_ROOT) ||
-            fs_prepare_dir(mFuseWrite.c_str(), 0700, AID_ROOT, AID_ROOT)) {
+        fs_prepare_dir(mFuseRead.c_str(), 0700, AID_ROOT, AID_ROOT) ||
+        fs_prepare_dir(mFuseWrite.c_str(), 0700, AID_ROOT, AID_ROOT) ||
+        fs_prepare_dir(mFuseFull.c_str(), 0700, AID_ROOT, AID_ROOT)) {
         PLOG(ERROR) << getId() << " failed to create mount points";
         return -errno;
     }
 
-    dev_t before = GetDevice(mFuseWrite);
+    dev_t before = GetDevice(mFuseFull);
 
     if (!(mFusePid = fork())) {
+        // clang-format off
         if (execl(kFusePath, kFusePath,
                 "-u", "1023", // AID_MEDIA_RW
                 "-g", "1023", // AID_MEDIA_RW
@@ -87,9 +91,11 @@
                 "-w",
                 "-G",
                 "-i",
+                "-o",
                 mRawPath.c_str(),
                 label.c_str(),
                 NULL)) {
+            // clang-format on
             PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to exec";
         }
 
@@ -103,9 +109,9 @@
     }
 
     nsecs_t start = systemTime(SYSTEM_TIME_BOOTTIME);
-    while (before == GetDevice(mFuseWrite)) {
-        LOG(VERBOSE) << "Waiting for FUSE to spin up...";
-        usleep(50000); // 50ms
+    while (before == GetDevice(mFuseFull)) {
+        LOG(DEBUG) << "Waiting for FUSE to spin up...";
+        usleep(50000);  // 50ms
 
         nsecs_t now = systemTime(SYSTEM_TIME_BOOTTIME);
         if (nanoseconds_to_milliseconds(now - start) > 5000) {
@@ -114,8 +120,8 @@
         }
     }
     /* sdcardfs will have exited already. FUSE will still be running */
-    if (TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(waitpid(mFusePid, nullptr, WNOHANG)) == mFusePid)
-        mFusePid = 0;
+    TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(waitpid(mFusePid, nullptr, 0));
+    mFusePid = 0;
 
     return OK;
 }
@@ -129,20 +135,17 @@
     ForceUnmount(mFuseDefault);
     ForceUnmount(mFuseRead);
     ForceUnmount(mFuseWrite);
-
-    if (mFusePid > 0) {
-        kill(mFusePid, SIGTERM);
-        TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(waitpid(mFusePid, nullptr, 0));
-        mFusePid = 0;
-    }
+    ForceUnmount(mFuseFull);
 
     rmdir(mFuseDefault.c_str());
     rmdir(mFuseRead.c_str());
     rmdir(mFuseWrite.c_str());
+    rmdir(mFuseFull.c_str());
 
     mFuseDefault.clear();
     mFuseRead.clear();
     mFuseWrite.clear();
+    mFuseFull.clear();
 
     return OK;
 }
diff --git a/model/EmulatedVolume.h b/model/EmulatedVolume.h
index 9b0c049..fddfe4e 100644
--- a/model/EmulatedVolume.h
+++ b/model/EmulatedVolume.h
@@ -36,22 +36,23 @@
  * store data local to their app.
  */
 class EmulatedVolume : public VolumeBase {
-public:
+  public:
     explicit EmulatedVolume(const std::string& rawPath);
     EmulatedVolume(const std::string& rawPath, dev_t device, const std::string& fsUuid);
     virtual ~EmulatedVolume();
 
-protected:
+  protected:
     status_t doMount() override;
     status_t doUnmount() override;
 
-private:
+  private:
     std::string mRawPath;
     std::string mLabel;
 
     std::string mFuseDefault;
     std::string mFuseRead;
     std::string mFuseWrite;
+    std::string mFuseFull;
 
     /* PID of FUSE wrapper */
     pid_t mFusePid;
diff --git a/model/ObbVolume.cpp b/model/ObbVolume.cpp
index 709c7a3..21479c4 100644
--- a/model/ObbVolume.cpp
+++ b/model/ObbVolume.cpp
@@ -14,16 +14,15 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#include "fs/Vfat.h"
+#include "ObbVolume.h"
 #include "Devmapper.h"
 #include "Loop.h"
-#include "ObbVolume.h"
 #include "Utils.h"
 #include "VoldUtil.h"
+#include "fs/Vfat.h"
 
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 #include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
-#include <android-base/unique_fd.h>
 #include <cutils/fs.h>
 #include <private/android_filesystem_config.h>
 
@@ -31,26 +30,25 @@
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <sys/mount.h>
 #include <sys/stat.h>
-#include <sys/types.h>
 #include <sys/sysmacros.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
 #include <sys/wait.h>
 
 using android::base::StringPrintf;
-using android::base::unique_fd;
 
 namespace android {
 namespace vold {
 
 ObbVolume::ObbVolume(int id, const std::string& sourcePath, const std::string& sourceKey,
-        gid_t ownerGid) : VolumeBase(Type::kObb) {
+                     gid_t ownerGid)
+    : VolumeBase(Type::kObb) {
     setId(StringPrintf("obb:%d", id));
     mSourcePath = sourcePath;
     mSourceKey = sourceKey;
     mOwnerGid = ownerGid;
 }
 
-ObbVolume::~ObbVolume() {
-}
+ObbVolume::~ObbVolume() {}
 
 status_t ObbVolume::doCreate() {
     if (Loop::create(mSourcePath, mLoopPath)) {
@@ -59,24 +57,15 @@
     }
 
     if (!mSourceKey.empty()) {
-        unsigned long nr_sec = 0;
-        {
-            unique_fd loop_fd(open(mLoopPath.c_str(), O_RDWR | O_CLOEXEC));
-            if (loop_fd.get() == -1) {
-                PLOG(ERROR) << getId() << " failed to open loop";
-                return -1;
-            }
-
-            get_blkdev_size(loop_fd.get(), &nr_sec);
-            if (nr_sec == 0) {
-                PLOG(ERROR) << getId() << " failed to get loop size";
-                return -1;
-            }
+        uint64_t nr_sec = 0;
+        if (GetBlockDev512Sectors(mLoopPath, &nr_sec) != OK) {
+            PLOG(ERROR) << getId() << " failed to get loop size";
+            return -1;
         }
 
         char tmp[PATH_MAX];
-        if (Devmapper::create(getId().c_str(), mLoopPath.c_str(), mSourceKey.c_str(), nr_sec,
-                tmp, PATH_MAX)) {
+        if (Devmapper::create(getId().c_str(), mLoopPath.c_str(), mSourceKey.c_str(), nr_sec, tmp,
+                              PATH_MAX)) {
             PLOG(ERROR) << getId() << " failed to create dm";
             return -1;
         }
@@ -108,8 +97,10 @@
         PLOG(ERROR) << getId() << " failed to create mount point";
         return -1;
     }
-    if (android::vold::vfat::Mount(mMountPath, path,
-            true, false, true, 0, mOwnerGid, 0227, false)) {
+    // clang-format off
+    if (android::vold::vfat::Mount(mMountPath, path, true, false, true,
+                                   0, mOwnerGid, 0227, false)) {
+        // clang-format on
         PLOG(ERROR) << getId() << " failed to mount";
         return -1;
     }
diff --git a/model/ObbVolume.h b/model/ObbVolume.h
index 5ec0cde..8f7ee94 100644
--- a/model/ObbVolume.h
+++ b/model/ObbVolume.h
@@ -28,18 +28,17 @@
  * OBB container.
  */
 class ObbVolume : public VolumeBase {
-public:
-    ObbVolume(int id, const std::string& sourcePath, const std::string& sourceKey,
-            gid_t ownerGid);
+  public:
+    ObbVolume(int id, const std::string& sourcePath, const std::string& sourceKey, gid_t ownerGid);
     virtual ~ObbVolume();
 
-protected:
+  protected:
     status_t doCreate() override;
     status_t doDestroy() override;
     status_t doMount() override;
     status_t doUnmount() override;
 
-private:
+  private:
     std::string mSourcePath;
     std::string mSourceKey;
     gid_t mOwnerGid;
diff --git a/model/PrivateVolume.cpp b/model/PrivateVolume.cpp
index cf21577..de2a09f 100644
--- a/model/PrivateVolume.cpp
+++ b/model/PrivateVolume.cpp
@@ -14,27 +14,27 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#include "fs/Ext4.h"
-#include "fs/F2fs.h"
 #include "PrivateVolume.h"
 #include "EmulatedVolume.h"
 #include "Utils.h"
 #include "VolumeManager.h"
 #include "cryptfs.h"
+#include "fs/Ext4.h"
+#include "fs/F2fs.h"
 
-#include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
+#include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
 #include <cutils/fs.h>
 #include <private/android_filesystem_config.h>
 
 #include <fcntl.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <sys/mount.h>
-#include <sys/stat.h>
-#include <sys/types.h>
-#include <sys/sysmacros.h>
-#include <sys/wait.h>
 #include <sys/param.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <sys/sysmacros.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/wait.h>
 
 using android::base::StringPrintf;
 
@@ -43,14 +43,13 @@
 
 static const unsigned int kMajorBlockMmc = 179;
 
-PrivateVolume::PrivateVolume(dev_t device, const std::string& keyRaw) :
-        VolumeBase(Type::kPrivate), mRawDevice(device), mKeyRaw(keyRaw) {
+PrivateVolume::PrivateVolume(dev_t device, const std::string& keyRaw)
+    : VolumeBase(Type::kPrivate), mRawDevice(device), mKeyRaw(keyRaw) {
     setId(StringPrintf("private:%u,%u", major(device), minor(device)));
     mRawDevPath = StringPrintf("/dev/block/vold/%s", getId().c_str());
 }
 
-PrivateVolume::~PrivateVolume() {
-}
+PrivateVolume::~PrivateVolume() {}
 
 status_t PrivateVolume::readMetadata() {
     status_t res = ReadMetadata(mDmDevPath, &mFsType, &mFsUuid, &mFsLabel);
@@ -66,9 +65,9 @@
         return -EIO;
     }
     if (mKeyRaw.size() != cryptfs_get_keysize()) {
-      PLOG(ERROR) << getId() << " Raw keysize " << mKeyRaw.size() <<
-          " does not match crypt keysize " << cryptfs_get_keysize();
-      return -EIO;
+        PLOG(ERROR) << getId() << " Raw keysize " << mKeyRaw.size()
+                    << " does not match crypt keysize " << cryptfs_get_keysize();
+        return -EIO;
     }
 
     // Recover from stale vold by tearing down any old mappings
@@ -76,10 +75,9 @@
 
     // TODO: figure out better SELinux labels for private volumes
 
-    unsigned char* key = (unsigned char*) mKeyRaw.data();
+    unsigned char* key = (unsigned char*)mKeyRaw.data();
     char crypto_blkdev[MAXPATHLEN];
-    int res = cryptfs_setup_ext_volume(getId().c_str(), mRawDevPath.c_str(),
-            key, crypto_blkdev);
+    int res = cryptfs_setup_ext_volume(getId().c_str(), mRawDevPath.c_str(), key, crypto_blkdev);
     mDmDevPath = crypto_blkdev;
     if (res != 0) {
         PLOG(ERROR) << getId() << " failed to setup cryptfs";
@@ -147,12 +145,12 @@
 
     // Verify that common directories are ready to roll
     if (PrepareDir(mPath + "/app", 0771, AID_SYSTEM, AID_SYSTEM) ||
-            PrepareDir(mPath + "/user", 0711, AID_SYSTEM, AID_SYSTEM) ||
-            PrepareDir(mPath + "/user_de", 0711, AID_SYSTEM, AID_SYSTEM) ||
-            PrepareDir(mPath + "/media", 0770, AID_MEDIA_RW, AID_MEDIA_RW) ||
-            PrepareDir(mPath + "/media/0", 0770, AID_MEDIA_RW, AID_MEDIA_RW) ||
-            PrepareDir(mPath + "/local", 0751, AID_ROOT, AID_ROOT) ||
-            PrepareDir(mPath + "/local/tmp", 0771, AID_SHELL, AID_SHELL)) {
+        PrepareDir(mPath + "/user", 0711, AID_SYSTEM, AID_SYSTEM) ||
+        PrepareDir(mPath + "/user_de", 0711, AID_SYSTEM, AID_SYSTEM) ||
+        PrepareDir(mPath + "/media", 0770, AID_MEDIA_RW, AID_MEDIA_RW) ||
+        PrepareDir(mPath + "/media/0", 0770, AID_MEDIA_RW, AID_MEDIA_RW) ||
+        PrepareDir(mPath + "/local", 0751, AID_ROOT, AID_ROOT) ||
+        PrepareDir(mPath + "/local/tmp", 0771, AID_SHELL, AID_SHELL)) {
         PLOG(ERROR) << getId() << " failed to prepare";
         return -EIO;
     }
@@ -160,8 +158,7 @@
     // Create a new emulated volume stacked above us, it will automatically
     // be destroyed during unmount
     std::string mediaPath(mPath + "/media");
-    auto vol = std::shared_ptr<VolumeBase>(
-            new EmulatedVolume(mediaPath, mRawDevice, mFsUuid));
+    auto vol = std::shared_ptr<VolumeBase>(new EmulatedVolume(mediaPath, mRawDevice, mFsUuid));
     addVolume(vol);
     vol->create();
 
diff --git a/model/PrivateVolume.h b/model/PrivateVolume.h
index 9a61f8d..cb8e75d 100644
--- a/model/PrivateVolume.h
+++ b/model/PrivateVolume.h
@@ -36,14 +36,14 @@
  * keys are tightly tied to this device.
  */
 class PrivateVolume : public VolumeBase {
-public:
+  public:
     PrivateVolume(dev_t device, const std::string& keyRaw);
     virtual ~PrivateVolume();
-    const std::string& getFsType() { return mFsType; };
-    const std::string& getRawDevPath() { return mRawDevPath; };
-    const std::string& getRawDmDevPath() { return mDmDevPath; };
+    const std::string& getFsType() const { return mFsType; };
+    const std::string& getRawDevPath() const { return mRawDevPath; };
+    const std::string& getRawDmDevPath() const { return mDmDevPath; };
 
-protected:
+  protected:
     status_t doCreate() override;
     status_t doDestroy() override;
     status_t doMount() override;
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@
 
     status_t readMetadata();
 
-private:
+  private:
     /* Kernel device of raw, encrypted partition */
     dev_t mRawDevice;
     /* Path to raw, encrypted block device */
diff --git a/model/PublicVolume.cpp b/model/PublicVolume.cpp
index fc7e96f..1eb6008 100644
--- a/model/PublicVolume.cpp
+++ b/model/PublicVolume.cpp
@@ -20,8 +20,9 @@
 #include "fs/Exfat.h"
 #include "fs/Vfat.h"
 
-#include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
+#include <android-base/properties.h>
+#include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
 #include <cutils/fs.h>
 #include <private/android_filesystem_config.h>
 #include <utils/Timers.h>
@@ -30,10 +31,11 @@
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <sys/mount.h>
 #include <sys/stat.h>
-#include <sys/types.h>
 #include <sys/sysmacros.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
 #include <sys/wait.h>
 
+using android::base::GetBoolProperty;
 using android::base::StringPrintf;
 
 namespace android {
@@ -43,14 +45,12 @@
 
 static const char* kAsecPath = "/mnt/secure/asec";
 
-PublicVolume::PublicVolume(dev_t device) :
-        VolumeBase(Type::kPublic), mDevice(device), mFusePid(0) {
+PublicVolume::PublicVolume(dev_t device) : VolumeBase(Type::kPublic), mDevice(device), mFusePid(0) {
     setId(StringPrintf("public:%u,%u", major(device), minor(device)));
     mDevPath = StringPrintf("/dev/block/vold/%s", getId().c_str());
 }
 
-PublicVolume::~PublicVolume() {
-}
+PublicVolume::~PublicVolume() {}
 
 status_t PublicVolume::readMetadata() {
     status_t res = ReadMetadataUntrusted(mDevPath, &mFsType, &mFsUuid, &mFsLabel);
@@ -66,8 +66,7 @@
     std::string securePath(mRawPath + "/.android_secure");
 
     // Recover legacy secure path
-    if (!access(legacyPath.c_str(), R_OK | X_OK)
-            && access(securePath.c_str(), R_OK | X_OK)) {
+    if (!access(legacyPath.c_str(), R_OK | X_OK) && access(securePath.c_str(), R_OK | X_OK)) {
         if (rename(legacyPath.c_str(), securePath.c_str())) {
             PLOG(WARNING) << getId() << " failed to rename legacy ASEC dir";
         }
@@ -122,6 +121,7 @@
     mFuseDefault = StringPrintf("/mnt/runtime/default/%s", stableName.c_str());
     mFuseRead = StringPrintf("/mnt/runtime/read/%s", stableName.c_str());
     mFuseWrite = StringPrintf("/mnt/runtime/write/%s", stableName.c_str());
+    mFuseFull = StringPrintf("/mnt/runtime/full/%s", stableName.c_str());
 
     setInternalPath(mRawPath);
     if (getMountFlags() & MountFlags::kVisible) {
@@ -129,6 +129,7 @@
     } else {
         setPath(mRawPath);
     }
+    setLabel(stableName);
 
     if (fs_prepare_dir(mRawPath.c_str(), 0700, AID_ROOT, AID_ROOT)) {
         PLOG(ERROR) << getId() << " failed to create mount points";
@@ -158,16 +159,18 @@
     }
 
     if (fs_prepare_dir(mFuseDefault.c_str(), 0700, AID_ROOT, AID_ROOT) ||
-            fs_prepare_dir(mFuseRead.c_str(), 0700, AID_ROOT, AID_ROOT) ||
-            fs_prepare_dir(mFuseWrite.c_str(), 0700, AID_ROOT, AID_ROOT)) {
+        fs_prepare_dir(mFuseRead.c_str(), 0700, AID_ROOT, AID_ROOT) ||
+        fs_prepare_dir(mFuseWrite.c_str(), 0700, AID_ROOT, AID_ROOT) ||
+        fs_prepare_dir(mFuseFull.c_str(), 0700, AID_ROOT, AID_ROOT)) {
         PLOG(ERROR) << getId() << " failed to create FUSE mount points";
         return -errno;
     }
 
-    dev_t before = GetDevice(mFuseWrite);
+    dev_t before = GetDevice(mFuseFull);
 
     if (!(mFusePid = fork())) {
         if (getMountFlags() & MountFlags::kPrimary) {
+            // clang-format off
             if (execl(kFusePath, kFusePath,
                     "-u", "1023", // AID_MEDIA_RW
                     "-g", "1023", // AID_MEDIA_RW
@@ -176,9 +179,11 @@
                     mRawPath.c_str(),
                     stableName.c_str(),
                     NULL)) {
+                // clang-format on
                 PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to exec";
             }
         } else {
+            // clang-format off
             if (execl(kFusePath, kFusePath,
                     "-u", "1023", // AID_MEDIA_RW
                     "-g", "1023", // AID_MEDIA_RW
@@ -186,6 +191,7 @@
                     mRawPath.c_str(),
                     stableName.c_str(),
                     NULL)) {
+                // clang-format on
                 PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to exec";
             }
         }
@@ -200,9 +206,9 @@
     }
 
     nsecs_t start = systemTime(SYSTEM_TIME_BOOTTIME);
-    while (before == GetDevice(mFuseWrite)) {
-        LOG(VERBOSE) << "Waiting for FUSE to spin up...";
-        usleep(50000); // 50ms
+    while (before == GetDevice(mFuseFull)) {
+        LOG(DEBUG) << "Waiting for FUSE to spin up...";
+        usleep(50000);  // 50ms
 
         nsecs_t now = systemTime(SYSTEM_TIME_BOOTTIME);
         if (nanoseconds_to_milliseconds(now - start) > 5000) {
@@ -211,8 +217,8 @@
         }
     }
     /* sdcardfs will have exited already. FUSE will still be running */
-    if (TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(waitpid(mFusePid, nullptr, WNOHANG)) == mFusePid)
-        mFusePid = 0;
+    TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(waitpid(mFusePid, nullptr, 0));
+    mFusePid = 0;
 
     return OK;
 }
@@ -229,50 +235,72 @@
     ForceUnmount(mFuseDefault);
     ForceUnmount(mFuseRead);
     ForceUnmount(mFuseWrite);
+    ForceUnmount(mFuseFull);
     ForceUnmount(mRawPath);
 
-    if (mFusePid > 0) {
-        kill(mFusePid, SIGTERM);
-        TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(waitpid(mFusePid, nullptr, 0));
-        mFusePid = 0;
-    }
-
     rmdir(mFuseDefault.c_str());
     rmdir(mFuseRead.c_str());
     rmdir(mFuseWrite.c_str());
+    rmdir(mFuseFull.c_str());
     rmdir(mRawPath.c_str());
 
     mFuseDefault.clear();
     mFuseRead.clear();
     mFuseWrite.clear();
+    mFuseFull.clear();
     mRawPath.clear();
 
     return OK;
 }
 
 status_t PublicVolume::doFormat(const std::string& fsType) {
-    if ((fsType == "vfat" || fsType == "auto") && vfat::IsSupported()) {
-        if (WipeBlockDevice(mDevPath) != OK) {
-            LOG(WARNING) << getId() << " failed to wipe";
+    bool useVfat = vfat::IsSupported();
+    bool useExfat = exfat::IsSupported();
+    status_t res = OK;
+
+    // Resolve the target filesystem type
+    if (fsType == "auto" && useVfat && useExfat) {
+        uint64_t size = 0;
+
+        res = GetBlockDevSize(mDevPath, &size);
+        if (res != OK) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Couldn't get device size " << mDevPath;
+            return res;
         }
-        if (vfat::Format(mDevPath, 0)) {
-            LOG(ERROR) << getId() << " failed to format";
-            return -errno;
+
+        // If both vfat & exfat are supported use exfat for SDXC (>~32GiB) cards
+        if (size > 32896LL * 1024 * 1024) {
+            useVfat = false;
+        } else {
+            useExfat = false;
         }
-    } else if ((fsType == "exfat" || fsType == "auto") && exfat::IsSupported()) {
-        if (WipeBlockDevice(mDevPath) != OK) {
-            LOG(WARNING) << getId() << " failed to wipe";
-        }
-        if (exfat::Format(mDevPath)) {
-            LOG(ERROR) << getId() << " failed to format";
-            return -errno;
-        }
-    } else {
+    } else if (fsType == "vfat") {
+        useExfat = false;
+    } else if (fsType == "exfat") {
+        useVfat = false;
+    }
+
+    if (!useVfat && !useExfat) {
         LOG(ERROR) << "Unsupported filesystem " << fsType;
         return -EINVAL;
     }
 
-    return OK;
+    if (WipeBlockDevice(mDevPath) != OK) {
+        LOG(WARNING) << getId() << " failed to wipe";
+    }
+
+    if (useVfat) {
+        res = vfat::Format(mDevPath, 0);
+    } else if (useExfat) {
+        res = exfat::Format(mDevPath);
+    }
+
+    if (res != OK) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << getId() << " failed to format";
+        res = -errno;
+    }
+
+    return res;
 }
 
 }  // namespace vold
diff --git a/model/PublicVolume.h b/model/PublicVolume.h
index 3aa7a73..2feccca 100644
--- a/model/PublicVolume.h
+++ b/model/PublicVolume.h
@@ -38,11 +38,11 @@
  * away the Android directory for secondary users.
  */
 class PublicVolume : public VolumeBase {
-public:
+  public:
     explicit PublicVolume(dev_t device);
     virtual ~PublicVolume();
 
-protected:
+  protected:
     status_t doCreate() override;
     status_t doDestroy() override;
     status_t doMount() override;
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@
     status_t readMetadata();
     status_t initAsecStage();
 
-private:
+  private:
     /* Kernel device representing partition */
     dev_t mDevice;
     /* Block device path */
@@ -63,6 +63,7 @@
     std::string mFuseDefault;
     std::string mFuseRead;
     std::string mFuseWrite;
+    std::string mFuseFull;
 
     /* PID of FUSE wrapper */
     pid_t mFusePid;
diff --git a/model/StubVolume.cpp b/model/StubVolume.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..edd0861
--- /dev/null
+++ b/model/StubVolume.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2018 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "StubVolume.h"
+
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+#include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
+
+using android::base::StringPrintf;
+
+namespace android {
+namespace vold {
+
+StubVolume::StubVolume(int id, const std::string& sourcePath, const std::string& mountPath,
+                       const std::string& fsType, const std::string& fsUuid,
+                       const std::string& fsLabel)
+    : VolumeBase(Type::kStub),
+      mSourcePath(sourcePath),
+      mMountPath(mountPath),
+      mFsType(fsType),
+      mFsUuid(fsUuid),
+      mFsLabel(fsLabel) {
+    setId(StringPrintf("stub:%d", id));
+}
+
+StubVolume::~StubVolume() {}
+
+status_t StubVolume::doCreate() {
+    return OK;
+}
+
+status_t StubVolume::doDestroy() {
+    return OK;
+}
+
+status_t StubVolume::doMount() {
+    auto listener = getListener();
+    if (listener) listener->onVolumeMetadataChanged(getId(), mFsType, mFsUuid, mFsLabel);
+    setInternalPath(mSourcePath);
+    setPath(mMountPath);
+    return OK;
+}
+
+status_t StubVolume::doUnmount() {
+    return OK;
+}
+
+// TODO: return error instead.
+status_t StubVolume::doFormat(const std::string& fsType) {
+    return OK;
+}
+
+}  // namespace vold
+}  // namespace android
diff --git a/model/StubVolume.h b/model/StubVolume.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..538cae9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/model/StubVolume.h
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2018 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef ANDROID_VOLD_STUB_VOLUME_H
+#define ANDROID_VOLD_STUB_VOLUME_H
+
+#include "VolumeBase.h"
+
+namespace android {
+namespace vold {
+
+/*
+ * A vold representation of volumes managed from outside Android (e.g., ARC++).
+ *
+ * Used for the case when events such that mounting and unmounting are
+ * actually handled from outside vold, and vold only need to keep track on those
+ * vents instead of talking to kernel directly.
+ */
+class StubVolume : public VolumeBase {
+  public:
+    StubVolume(int id, const std::string& sourcePath, const std::string& mountPath,
+               const std::string& fsType, const std::string& fsUuid, const std::string& fsLabel);
+    virtual ~StubVolume();
+
+  protected:
+    status_t doCreate() override;
+    status_t doDestroy() override;
+    status_t doMount() override;
+    status_t doUnmount() override;
+    status_t doFormat(const std::string& fsType) override;
+
+  private:
+    const std::string mSourcePath;
+    const std::string mMountPath;
+    const std::string mFsType;
+    const std::string mFsUuid;
+    const std::string mFsLabel;
+
+    DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(StubVolume);
+};
+
+}  // namespace vold
+}  // namespace android
+
+#endif
diff --git a/model/VolumeBase.cpp b/model/VolumeBase.cpp
index 429f134..a9c7fa3 100644
--- a/model/VolumeBase.cpp
+++ b/model/VolumeBase.cpp
@@ -14,12 +14,12 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#include "Utils.h"
 #include "VolumeBase.h"
+#include "Utils.h"
 #include "VolumeManager.h"
 
-#include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
+#include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
 
 #include <fcntl.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
@@ -32,10 +32,13 @@
 namespace android {
 namespace vold {
 
-VolumeBase::VolumeBase(Type type) :
-        mType(type), mMountFlags(0), mMountUserId(-1), mCreated(false), mState(
-                State::kUnmounted), mSilent(false) {
-}
+VolumeBase::VolumeBase(Type type)
+    : mType(type),
+      mMountFlags(0),
+      mMountUserId(USER_UNKNOWN),
+      mCreated(false),
+      mState(State::kUnmounted),
+      mSilent(false) {}
 
 VolumeBase::~VolumeBase() {
     CHECK(!mCreated);
@@ -45,7 +48,9 @@
     mState = state;
 
     auto listener = getListener();
-    if (listener) listener->onVolumeStateChanged(getId(), static_cast<int32_t>(mState));
+    if (listener) {
+        listener->onVolumeStateChanged(getId(), static_cast<int32_t>(mState));
+    }
 }
 
 status_t VolumeBase::setDiskId(const std::string& diskId) {
@@ -131,12 +136,24 @@
     mInternalPath = internalPath;
 
     auto listener = getListener();
-    if (listener) listener->onVolumeInternalPathChanged(getId(), mInternalPath);
+    if (listener) {
+        listener->onVolumeInternalPathChanged(getId(), mInternalPath);
+    }
 
     return OK;
 }
 
-android::sp<android::os::IVoldListener> VolumeBase::getListener() {
+status_t VolumeBase::setLabel(const std::string& label) {
+    if (mState != State::kChecking) {
+        LOG(WARNING) << getId() << " label change requires state checking";
+        return -EBUSY;
+    }
+
+    mLabel = label;
+    return OK;
+}
+
+android::sp<android::os::IVoldListener> VolumeBase::getListener() const {
     if (mSilent) {
         return nullptr;
     } else {
@@ -168,8 +185,9 @@
     status_t res = doCreate();
 
     auto listener = getListener();
-    if (listener) listener->onVolumeCreated(getId(),
-            static_cast<int32_t>(mType), mDiskId, mPartGuid);
+    if (listener) {
+        listener->onVolumeCreated(getId(), static_cast<int32_t>(mType), mDiskId, mPartGuid);
+    }
 
     setState(State::kUnmounted);
     return res;
@@ -189,9 +207,10 @@
         setState(State::kRemoved);
     }
 
-
     auto listener = getListener();
-    if (listener) listener->onVolumeDestroyed(getId());
+    if (listener) {
+        listener->onVolumeDestroyed(getId());
+    }
 
     status_t res = doDestroy();
     mCreated = false;
@@ -211,10 +230,9 @@
     setState(State::kChecking);
     status_t res = doMount();
     if (res == OK) {
-        setState(State::kMounted);
-    } else {
-        setState(State::kUnmountable);
+        res = VolumeManager::Instance()->onVolumeMounted(this);
     }
+    setState(res == OK ? State::kMounted : State::kUnmountable);
 
     return res;
 }
@@ -228,14 +246,16 @@
     setState(State::kEjecting);
     for (const auto& vol : mVolumes) {
         if (vol->destroy()) {
-            LOG(WARNING) << getId() << " failed to destroy " << vol->getId()
-                    << " stacked above";
+            LOG(WARNING) << getId() << " failed to destroy " << vol->getId() << " stacked above";
         }
     }
     mVolumes.clear();
 
-    status_t res = doUnmount();
-    setState(State::kUnmounted);
+    status_t res = VolumeManager::Instance()->onVolumeUnmounted(this);
+    if (res == OK) {
+        res = doUnmount();
+        setState(State::kUnmounted);
+    }
     return res;
 }
 
@@ -259,5 +279,10 @@
     return -ENOTSUP;
 }
 
+std::ostream& VolumeBase::operator<<(std::ostream& stream) const {
+    return stream << " VolumeBase{id=" << mId << ",label=" << mLabel
+                  << ",mountFlags=" << mMountFlags << ",mountUserId=" << mMountUserId << "}";
+}
+
 }  // namespace vold
 }  // namespace android
diff --git a/model/VolumeBase.h b/model/VolumeBase.h
index 4aa8b02..e6c47f0 100644
--- a/model/VolumeBase.h
+++ b/model/VolumeBase.h
@@ -17,8 +17,8 @@
 #ifndef ANDROID_VOLD_VOLUME_BASE_H
 #define ANDROID_VOLD_VOLUME_BASE_H
 
-#include "android/os/IVoldListener.h"
 #include "Utils.h"
+#include "android/os/IVoldListener.h"
 
 #include <cutils/multiuser.h>
 #include <utils/Errors.h>
@@ -27,6 +27,8 @@
 #include <list>
 #include <string>
 
+static constexpr userid_t USER_UNKNOWN = ((userid_t)-1);
+
 namespace android {
 namespace vold {
 
@@ -45,7 +47,7 @@
  * volumes and removes any bind mounts before finally unmounting itself.
  */
 class VolumeBase {
-public:
+  public:
     virtual ~VolumeBase();
 
     enum class Type {
@@ -54,6 +56,7 @@
         kEmulated,
         kAsec,
         kObb,
+        kStub,
     };
 
     enum MountFlags {
@@ -75,15 +78,16 @@
         kBadRemoval,
     };
 
-    const std::string& getId() { return mId; }
-    const std::string& getDiskId() { return mDiskId; }
-    const std::string& getPartGuid() { return mPartGuid; }
-    Type getType() { return mType; }
-    int getMountFlags() { return mMountFlags; }
-    userid_t getMountUserId() { return mMountUserId; }
-    State getState() { return mState; }
-    const std::string& getPath() { return mPath; }
-    const std::string& getInternalPath() { return mInternalPath; }
+    const std::string& getId() const { return mId; }
+    const std::string& getDiskId() const { return mDiskId; }
+    const std::string& getPartGuid() const { return mPartGuid; }
+    Type getType() const { return mType; }
+    int getMountFlags() const { return mMountFlags; }
+    userid_t getMountUserId() const { return mMountUserId; }
+    State getState() const { return mState; }
+    const std::string& getPath() const { return mPath; }
+    const std::string& getInternalPath() const { return mInternalPath; }
+    const std::string& getLabel() const { return mLabel; }
 
     status_t setDiskId(const std::string& diskId);
     status_t setPartGuid(const std::string& partGuid);
@@ -96,13 +100,17 @@
 
     std::shared_ptr<VolumeBase> findVolume(const std::string& id);
 
+    bool isEmulated() { return mType == Type::kEmulated; }
+
     status_t create();
     status_t destroy();
     status_t mount();
     status_t unmount();
     status_t format(const std::string& fsType);
 
-protected:
+    std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& stream) const;
+
+  protected:
     explicit VolumeBase(Type type);
 
     virtual status_t doCreate();
@@ -114,10 +122,11 @@
     status_t setId(const std::string& id);
     status_t setPath(const std::string& path);
     status_t setInternalPath(const std::string& internalPath);
+    status_t setLabel(const std::string& label);
 
-    android::sp<android::os::IVoldListener> getListener();
+    android::sp<android::os::IVoldListener> getListener() const;
 
-private:
+  private:
     /* ID that uniquely references volume while alive */
     std::string mId;
     /* ID that uniquely references parent disk while alive */
@@ -140,6 +149,12 @@
     std::string mInternalPath;
     /* Flag indicating that volume should emit no events */
     bool mSilent;
+    /**
+     * Label used for representing the package sandboxes on external storage volumes.
+     * For emulated volume, this would be "emulated" and for public volumes, UUID if available,
+     * otherwise some other unique id.
+     */
+    std::string mLabel;
 
     /* Volumes stacked on top of this volume */
     std::list<std::shared_ptr<VolumeBase>> mVolumes;
diff --git a/secdiscard.cpp b/secdiscard.cpp
index f9532ea..0ff05d6 100644
--- a/secdiscard.cpp
+++ b/secdiscard.cpp
@@ -18,15 +18,15 @@
 #include <string>
 #include <vector>
 
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <linux/fiemap.h>
+#include <linux/fs.h>
+#include <mntent.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
-#include <errno.h>
-#include <sys/types.h>
 #include <sys/stat.h>
-#include <fcntl.h>
-#include <linux/fs.h>
-#include <linux/fiemap.h>
-#include <mntent.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
 
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 #include <android-base/unique_fd.h>
@@ -42,22 +42,48 @@
 
 constexpr uint32_t max_extents = 32;
 
-bool read_command_line(int argc, const char * const argv[], Options &options);
-void usage(const char *progname);
-bool secdiscard_path(const std::string &path);
-bool check_fiemap(const struct fiemap &fiemap, const std::string &path);
+bool read_command_line(int argc, const char* const argv[], Options& options);
+void usage(const char* progname);
+bool secdiscard_path(const std::string& path);
+bool check_fiemap(const struct fiemap& fiemap, const std::string& path);
 bool overwrite_with_zeros(int fd, off64_t start, off64_t length);
 
-}
+}  // namespace
 
-int main(int argc, const char * const argv[]) {
-    android::base::InitLogging(const_cast<char **>(argv));
+int main(int argc, const char* const argv[]) {
+    android::base::InitLogging(const_cast<char**>(argv));
     Options options;
     if (!read_command_line(argc, argv, options)) {
         usage(argv[0]);
         return -1;
     }
-    for (auto const &target: options.targets) {
+
+    for (auto const& target : options.targets) {
+// F2FS-specific ioctl
+// It requires the below kernel commit merged in v4.16-rc1.
+//   1ad71a27124c ("f2fs: add an ioctl to disable GC for specific file")
+// In android-4.4,
+//   56ee1e817908 ("f2fs: updates on v4.16-rc1")
+// In android-4.9,
+//   2f17e34672a8 ("f2fs: updates on v4.16-rc1")
+// In android-4.14,
+//   ce767d9a55bc ("f2fs: updates on v4.16-rc1")
+#ifndef F2FS_IOC_SET_PIN_FILE
+#ifndef F2FS_IOCTL_MAGIC
+#define F2FS_IOCTL_MAGIC 0xf5
+#endif
+#define F2FS_IOC_SET_PIN_FILE _IOW(F2FS_IOCTL_MAGIC, 13, __u32)
+#define F2FS_IOC_GET_PIN_FILE _IOR(F2FS_IOCTL_MAGIC, 14, __u32)
+#endif
+        android::base::unique_fd fd(
+            TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(open(target.c_str(), O_WRONLY | O_CLOEXEC, 0)));
+        if (fd == -1) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Secure discard open failed for: " << target;
+            return 0;
+        }
+        __u32 set = 1;
+        ioctl(fd, F2FS_IOC_SET_PIN_FILE, &set);
+
         LOG(DEBUG) << "Securely discarding '" << target << "' unlink=" << options.unlink;
         if (!secdiscard_path(target)) {
             LOG(ERROR) << "Secure discard failed for: " << target;
@@ -67,36 +93,37 @@
                 PLOG(ERROR) << "Unable to unlink: " << target;
             }
         }
-        LOG(DEBUG) << "Discarded: " << target;
+        set = 0;
+        ioctl(fd, F2FS_IOC_SET_PIN_FILE, &set);
     }
     return 0;
 }
 
 namespace {
 
-bool read_command_line(int argc, const char * const argv[], Options &options) {
+bool read_command_line(int argc, const char* const argv[], Options& options) {
     for (int i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
         if (!strcmp("--no-unlink", argv[i])) {
             options.unlink = false;
         } else if (!strcmp("--", argv[i])) {
-            for (int j = i+1; j < argc; j++) {
-                if (argv[j][0] != '/') return false; // Must be absolute path
+            for (int j = i + 1; j < argc; j++) {
+                if (argv[j][0] != '/') return false;  // Must be absolute path
                 options.targets.emplace_back(argv[j]);
             }
             return options.targets.size() > 0;
         } else {
-            return false; // Unknown option
+            return false;  // Unknown option
         }
     }
-    return false; // "--" not found
+    return false;  // "--" not found
 }
 
-void usage(const char *progname) {
+void usage(const char* progname) {
     fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s [--no-unlink] -- <absolute path> ...\n", progname);
 }
 
 // BLKSECDISCARD all content in "path", if it's small enough.
-bool secdiscard_path(const std::string &path) {
+bool secdiscard_path(const std::string& path) {
     auto fiemap = android::vold::PathFiemap(path, max_extents);
     if (!fiemap || !check_fiemap(*fiemap, path)) {
         return false;
@@ -105,8 +132,8 @@
     if (block_device.empty()) {
         return false;
     }
-    android::base::unique_fd fs_fd(TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(open(
-        block_device.c_str(), O_RDWR | O_LARGEFILE | O_CLOEXEC, 0)));
+    android::base::unique_fd fs_fd(
+        TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(open(block_device.c_str(), O_RDWR | O_LARGEFILE | O_CLOEXEC, 0)));
     if (fs_fd == -1) {
         PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to open device " << block_device;
         return false;
@@ -116,19 +143,18 @@
         range[0] = fiemap->fm_extents[i].fe_physical;
         range[1] = fiemap->fm_extents[i].fe_length;
         if (ioctl(fs_fd.get(), BLKSECDISCARD, range) == -1) {
-            PLOG(ERROR) << "Unable to BLKSECDISCARD " << path;
+            // Use zero overwrite as a fallback for BLKSECDISCARD
             if (!overwrite_with_zeros(fs_fd.get(), range[0], range[1])) return false;
-            LOG(DEBUG) << "Used zero overwrite";
         }
     }
     return true;
 }
 
 // Ensure that the FIEMAP covers the file and is OK to discard
-bool check_fiemap(const struct fiemap &fiemap, const std::string &path) {
+bool check_fiemap(const struct fiemap& fiemap, const std::string& path) {
     auto mapped = fiemap.fm_mapped_extents;
     if (!(fiemap.fm_extents[mapped - 1].fe_flags & FIEMAP_EXTENT_LAST)) {
-        LOG(ERROR) << "Extent " << mapped -1 << " was not the last in " << path;
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Extent " << mapped - 1 << " was not the last in " << path;
         return false;
     }
     for (uint32_t i = 0; i < mapped; i++) {
@@ -160,4 +186,4 @@
     return true;
 }
 
-}
+}  // namespace
diff --git a/secontext.cpp b/secontext.cpp
deleted file mode 100644
index 0529a30..0000000
--- a/secontext.cpp
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) 2016 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-#include <Utils.h>
-#include "secontext.h"
-
-security_context_t secontextFsck()
-{
-    return android::vold::sFsckContext;
-}
diff --git a/secontext.h b/secontext.h
deleted file mode 100644
index f5339c8..0000000
--- a/secontext.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,23 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) 2016 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-#ifndef _SECONTEXT_H_
-#define _SECONTEXT_H_
-
-#include <selinux/selinux.h>
-
-security_context_t secontextFsck();
-
-#endif
diff --git a/sehandle.h b/sehandle.h
index f59d7eb..8921db5 100644
--- a/sehandle.h
+++ b/sehandle.h
@@ -19,6 +19,6 @@
 
 #include <selinux/android.h>
 
-extern struct selabel_handle *sehandle;
+extern struct selabel_handle* sehandle;
 
 #endif
diff --git a/tests/CryptfsScryptHidlizationEquivalence_test.cpp b/tests/CryptfsScryptHidlizationEquivalence_test.cpp
index 2905af2..72170e3 100644
--- a/tests/CryptfsScryptHidlizationEquivalence_test.cpp
+++ b/tests/CryptfsScryptHidlizationEquivalence_test.cpp
@@ -18,13 +18,13 @@
 #define LOG_TAG "scrypt_test"
 #include <log/log.h>
 
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
 #include <hardware/keymaster0.h>
 #include <hardware/keymaster1.h>
 #include <cstring>
-#include <gtest/gtest.h>
 
-#include "../cryptfs.h"
 #include "../Keymaster.h"
+#include "../cryptfs.h"
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_HW_DISK_ENCRYPTION
 #include "cryptfs_hw.h"
@@ -50,9 +50,8 @@
 #define RSA_EXPONENT 0x10001
 #define KEYMASTER_CRYPTFS_RATE_LIMIT 1  // Maximum one try per second
 
-static int keymaster_init(keymaster0_device_t **keymaster0_dev,
-                          keymaster1_device_t **keymaster1_dev)
-{
+static int keymaster_init(keymaster0_device_t** keymaster0_dev,
+                          keymaster1_device_t** keymaster1_dev) {
     int rc;
 
     const hw_module_t* mod;
@@ -76,8 +75,8 @@
     }
 
     if (rc) {
-        ALOGE("could not open keymaster device in %s (%s)",
-              KEYSTORE_HARDWARE_MODULE_ID, strerror(-rc));
+        ALOGE("could not open keymaster device in %s (%s)", KEYSTORE_HARDWARE_MODULE_ID,
+              strerror(-rc));
         goto err;
     }
 
@@ -90,10 +89,9 @@
 }
 
 /* Should we use keymaster? */
-static int keymaster_check_compatibility_old()
-{
-    keymaster0_device_t *keymaster0_dev = 0;
-    keymaster1_device_t *keymaster1_dev = 0;
+static int keymaster_check_compatibility_old() {
+    keymaster0_device_t* keymaster0_dev = 0;
+    keymaster1_device_t* keymaster1_dev = 0;
     int rc = 0;
 
     if (keymaster_init(&keymaster0_dev, &keymaster1_dev)) {
@@ -114,8 +112,7 @@
 
     // TODO(swillden): Check to see if there's any reason to require v0.3.  I think v0.1 and v0.2
     // should work.
-    if (keymaster0_dev->common.module->module_api_version
-            < KEYMASTER_MODULE_API_VERSION_0_3) {
+    if (keymaster0_dev->common.module->module_api_version < KEYMASTER_MODULE_API_VERSION_0_3) {
         rc = 0;
         goto out;
     }
@@ -136,11 +133,10 @@
 }
 
 /* Create a new keymaster key and store it in this footer */
-static int keymaster_create_key_old(struct crypt_mnt_ftr *ftr)
-{
+static int keymaster_create_key_old(struct crypt_mnt_ftr* ftr) {
     uint8_t* key = 0;
-    keymaster0_device_t *keymaster0_dev = 0;
-    keymaster1_device_t *keymaster1_dev = 0;
+    keymaster0_device_t* keymaster0_dev = 0;
+    keymaster1_device_t* keymaster1_dev = 0;
 
     if (ftr->keymaster_blob_size) {
         SLOGI("Already have key");
@@ -177,11 +173,10 @@
             /* Rate-limit key usage attempts, to rate-limit brute force */
             keymaster_param_int(KM_TAG_MIN_SECONDS_BETWEEN_OPS, KEYMASTER_CRYPTFS_RATE_LIMIT),
         };
-        keymaster_key_param_set_t param_set = { params, sizeof(params)/sizeof(*params) };
+        keymaster_key_param_set_t param_set = {params, sizeof(params) / sizeof(*params)};
         keymaster_key_blob_t key_blob;
-        keymaster_error_t error = keymaster1_dev->generate_key(keymaster1_dev, &param_set,
-                                                               &key_blob,
-                                                               NULL /* characteristics */);
+        keymaster_error_t error = keymaster1_dev->generate_key(
+            keymaster1_dev, &param_set, &key_blob, NULL /* characteristics */);
         if (error != KM_ERROR_OK) {
             SLOGE("Failed to generate keymaster1 key, error %d", error);
             rc = -1;
@@ -190,15 +185,13 @@
 
         key = (uint8_t*)key_blob.key_material;
         key_size = key_blob.key_material_size;
-    }
-    else if (keymaster0_dev) {
+    } else if (keymaster0_dev) {
         keymaster_rsa_keygen_params_t params;
         memset(&params, '\0', sizeof(params));
         params.public_exponent = RSA_EXPONENT;
         params.modulus_size = RSA_KEY_SIZE;
 
-        if (keymaster0_dev->generate_keypair(keymaster0_dev, TYPE_RSA, &params,
-                                             &key, &key_size)) {
+        if (keymaster0_dev->generate_keypair(keymaster0_dev, TYPE_RSA, &params, &key, &key_size)) {
             SLOGE("Failed to generate keypair");
             rc = -1;
             goto out;
@@ -219,24 +212,19 @@
     ftr->keymaster_blob_size = key_size;
 
 out:
-    if (keymaster0_dev)
-        keymaster0_close(keymaster0_dev);
-    if (keymaster1_dev)
-        keymaster1_close(keymaster1_dev);
+    if (keymaster0_dev) keymaster0_close(keymaster0_dev);
+    if (keymaster1_dev) keymaster1_close(keymaster1_dev);
     free(key);
     return rc;
 }
 
 /* This signs the given object using the keymaster key. */
-static int keymaster_sign_object_old(struct crypt_mnt_ftr *ftr,
-                                 const unsigned char *object,
-                                 const size_t object_size,
-                                 unsigned char **signature,
-                                 size_t *signature_size)
-{
+static int keymaster_sign_object_old(struct crypt_mnt_ftr* ftr, const unsigned char* object,
+                                     const size_t object_size, unsigned char** signature,
+                                     size_t* signature_size) {
     int rc = 0;
-    keymaster0_device_t *keymaster0_dev = 0;
-    keymaster1_device_t *keymaster1_dev = 0;
+    keymaster0_device_t* keymaster0_dev = 0;
+    keymaster1_device_t* keymaster1_dev = 0;
 
     unsigned char to_sign[RSA_KEY_SIZE_BYTES];
     size_t to_sign_size = sizeof(to_sign);
@@ -284,32 +272,25 @@
         params.digest_type = DIGEST_NONE;
         params.padding_type = PADDING_NONE;
 
-        rc = keymaster0_dev->sign_data(keymaster0_dev,
-                                      &params,
-                                      ftr->keymaster_blob,
-                                      ftr->keymaster_blob_size,
-                                      to_sign,
-                                      to_sign_size,
-                                      signature,
-                                      signature_size);
+        rc = keymaster0_dev->sign_data(keymaster0_dev, &params, ftr->keymaster_blob,
+                                       ftr->keymaster_blob_size, to_sign, to_sign_size, signature,
+                                       signature_size);
         goto out;
     } else if (keymaster1_dev) {
-        keymaster_key_blob_t key = { ftr->keymaster_blob, ftr->keymaster_blob_size };
+        keymaster_key_blob_t key = {ftr->keymaster_blob, ftr->keymaster_blob_size};
         keymaster_key_param_t params[] = {
             keymaster_param_enum(KM_TAG_PADDING, KM_PAD_NONE),
             keymaster_param_enum(KM_TAG_DIGEST, KM_DIGEST_NONE),
         };
-        keymaster_key_param_set_t param_set = { params, sizeof(params)/sizeof(*params) };
+        keymaster_key_param_set_t param_set = {params, sizeof(params) / sizeof(*params)};
         keymaster_operation_handle_t op_handle;
-        keymaster_error_t error = keymaster1_dev->begin(keymaster1_dev, KM_PURPOSE_SIGN, &key,
-                                                        &param_set, NULL /* out_params */,
-                                                        &op_handle);
+        keymaster_error_t error = keymaster1_dev->begin(
+            keymaster1_dev, KM_PURPOSE_SIGN, &key, &param_set, NULL /* out_params */, &op_handle);
         if (error == KM_ERROR_KEY_RATE_LIMIT_EXCEEDED) {
             // Key usage has been rate-limited.  Wait a bit and try again.
             sleep(KEYMASTER_CRYPTFS_RATE_LIMIT);
-            error = keymaster1_dev->begin(keymaster1_dev, KM_PURPOSE_SIGN, &key,
-                                          &param_set, NULL /* out_params */,
-                                          &op_handle);
+            error = keymaster1_dev->begin(keymaster1_dev, KM_PURPOSE_SIGN, &key, &param_set,
+                                          NULL /* out_params */, &op_handle);
         }
         if (error != KM_ERROR_OK) {
             SLOGE("Error starting keymaster signature transaction: %d", error);
@@ -317,11 +298,10 @@
             goto out;
         }
 
-        keymaster_blob_t input = { to_sign, to_sign_size };
+        keymaster_blob_t input = {to_sign, to_sign_size};
         size_t input_consumed;
-        error = keymaster1_dev->update(keymaster1_dev, op_handle, NULL /* in_params */,
-                                       &input, &input_consumed, NULL /* out_params */,
-                                       NULL /* output */);
+        error = keymaster1_dev->update(keymaster1_dev, op_handle, NULL /* in_params */, &input,
+                                       &input_consumed, NULL /* out_params */, NULL /* output */);
         if (error != KM_ERROR_OK) {
             SLOGE("Error sending data to keymaster signature transaction: %d", error);
             rc = -1;
@@ -337,8 +317,7 @@
 
         keymaster_blob_t tmp_sig;
         error = keymaster1_dev->finish(keymaster1_dev, op_handle, NULL /* in_params */,
-                                       NULL /* verify signature */, NULL /* out_params */,
-                                       &tmp_sig);
+                                       NULL /* verify signature */, NULL /* out_params */, &tmp_sig);
         if (error != KM_ERROR_OK) {
             SLOGE("Error finishing keymaster signature transaction: %d", error);
             rc = -1;
@@ -353,19 +332,15 @@
         goto out;
     }
 
-    out:
-        if (keymaster1_dev)
-            keymaster1_close(keymaster1_dev);
-        if (keymaster0_dev)
-            keymaster0_close(keymaster0_dev);
+out:
+    if (keymaster1_dev) keymaster1_close(keymaster1_dev);
+    if (keymaster0_dev) keymaster0_close(keymaster0_dev);
 
-        return rc;
+    return rc;
 }
 
-
 /* Should we use keymaster? */
-static int keymaster_check_compatibility_new()
-{
+static int keymaster_check_compatibility_new() {
     return keymaster_compatibility_cryptfs_scrypt();
 }
 
@@ -394,12 +369,9 @@
 #endif
 
 /* This signs the given object using the keymaster key. */
-static int keymaster_sign_object_new(struct crypt_mnt_ftr *ftr,
-                                 const unsigned char *object,
-                                 const size_t object_size,
-                                 unsigned char **signature,
-                                 size_t *signature_size)
-{
+static int keymaster_sign_object_new(struct crypt_mnt_ftr* ftr, const unsigned char* object,
+                                     const size_t object_size, unsigned char** signature,
+                                     size_t* signature_size) {
     unsigned char to_sign[RSA_KEY_SIZE_BYTES];
     size_t to_sign_size = sizeof(to_sign);
     memset(to_sign, 0, RSA_KEY_SIZE_BYTES);
@@ -443,12 +415,10 @@
 namespace android {
 
 class CryptFsTest : public testing::Test {
-protected:
-    virtual void SetUp() {
-    }
+  protected:
+    virtual void SetUp() {}
 
-    virtual void TearDown() {
-    }
+    virtual void TearDown() {}
 };
 
 TEST_F(CryptFsTest, ScryptHidlizationEquivalenceTest) {
@@ -458,8 +428,8 @@
 
     ASSERT_EQ(0, keymaster_create_key_old(&ftr));
 
-    uint8_t *sig1 = nullptr;
-    uint8_t *sig2 = nullptr;
+    uint8_t* sig1 = nullptr;
+    uint8_t* sig2 = nullptr;
     size_t sig_size1 = 123456789;
     size_t sig_size2 = 123456789;
     uint8_t object[] = "the object";
@@ -477,4 +447,4 @@
     free(sig2);
 }
 
-}
+}  // namespace android
diff --git a/tests/Utils_test.cpp b/tests/Utils_test.cpp
index ab9809e..d18dc67 100644
--- a/tests/Utils_test.cpp
+++ b/tests/Utils_test.cpp
@@ -21,13 +21,13 @@
 namespace android {
 namespace vold {
 
-class UtilsTest : public testing::Test {
-};
+class UtilsTest : public testing::Test {};
 
 TEST_F(UtilsTest, FindValueTest) {
     std::string tmp;
 
     ASSERT_FALSE(FindValue("", "KEY", &tmp));
+    ASSERT_FALSE(FindValue("NOTMATCH=\"VALUE\"", "KEY", &tmp));
     ASSERT_FALSE(FindValue("BADKEY=\"VALUE\"", "KEY", &tmp));
 
     ASSERT_TRUE(FindValue("KEY=\"VALUE\"", "KEY", &tmp));
@@ -38,7 +38,10 @@
 
     ASSERT_TRUE(FindValue("BADKEY=\"VALUE\" KEY=\"BAZ\"", "KEY", &tmp));
     ASSERT_EQ("BAZ", tmp);
+
+    ASSERT_TRUE(FindValue("BADKEY=\"VALUE\" NOTKEY=\"OTHER\" KEY=\"QUUX\"", "KEY", &tmp));
+    ASSERT_EQ("QUUX", tmp);
 }
 
-}
-}
+}  // namespace vold
+}  // namespace android
diff --git a/tests/cryptfs_test.cpp b/tests/cryptfs_test.cpp
index 6875c0f..2093768 100644
--- a/tests/cryptfs_test.cpp
+++ b/tests/cryptfs_test.cpp
@@ -21,12 +21,10 @@
 namespace android {
 
 class CryptfsTest : public testing::Test {
-protected:
-    virtual void SetUp() {
-    }
+  protected:
+    virtual void SetUp() {}
 
-    virtual void TearDown() {
-    }
+    virtual void TearDown() {}
 };
 
 TEST_F(CryptfsTest, MatchMultiEntryTest) {
@@ -51,4 +49,4 @@
     ASSERT_EQ(0, match_multi_entry("foo_2", "bar", 0));
 }
 
-}
+}  // namespace android
diff --git a/vdc.cpp b/vdc.cpp
index 3c449ae..76eca3e 100644
--- a/vdc.cpp
+++ b/vdc.cpp
@@ -14,15 +14,14 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdlib.h>
-#include <unistd.h>
-#include <string.h>
-#include <signal.h>
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <fcntl.h>
-#include <stdlib.h>
 #include <poll.h>
+#include <signal.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
 
 #include <sys/select.h>
 #include <sys/time.h>
@@ -32,13 +31,14 @@
 #include "android/os/IVold.h"
 
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
+#include <android-base/parseint.h>
 #include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
 #include <binder/IServiceManager.h>
 #include <binder/Status.h>
 
 #include <private/android_filesystem_config.h>
 
-static void usage(char *progname);
+static void usage(char* progname);
 
 static android::sp<android::IBinder> getServiceAggressive() {
     android::sp<android::IBinder> res;
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@
             LOG(VERBOSE) << "Waited " << (i * 10) << "ms for vold";
             break;
         }
-        usleep(10000); // 10ms
+        usleep(10000);  // 10ms
     }
     return res;
 }
@@ -105,6 +105,46 @@
         checkStatus(vold->mountFstab(args[2]));
     } else if (args[0] == "cryptfs" && args[1] == "encryptFstab" && args.size() == 3) {
         checkStatus(vold->encryptFstab(args[2]));
+    } else if (args[0] == "checkpoint" && args[1] == "supportsCheckpoint" && args.size() == 2) {
+        bool supported = false;
+        checkStatus(vold->supportsCheckpoint(&supported));
+        return supported ? 1 : 0;
+    } else if (args[0] == "checkpoint" && args[1] == "supportsBlockCheckpoint" && args.size() == 2) {
+        bool supported = false;
+        checkStatus(vold->supportsBlockCheckpoint(&supported));
+        return supported ? 1 : 0;
+    } else if (args[0] == "checkpoint" && args[1] == "supportsFileCheckpoint" && args.size() == 2) {
+        bool supported = false;
+        checkStatus(vold->supportsFileCheckpoint(&supported));
+        return supported ? 1 : 0;
+    } else if (args[0] == "checkpoint" && args[1] == "startCheckpoint" && args.size() == 3) {
+        int retry;
+        if (!android::base::ParseInt(args[2], &retry)) exit(EINVAL);
+        checkStatus(vold->startCheckpoint(retry));
+    } else if (args[0] == "checkpoint" && args[1] == "needsCheckpoint" && args.size() == 2) {
+        bool enabled = false;
+        checkStatus(vold->needsCheckpoint(&enabled));
+        return enabled ? 1 : 0;
+    } else if (args[0] == "checkpoint" && args[1] == "needsRollback" && args.size() == 2) {
+        bool enabled = false;
+        checkStatus(vold->needsRollback(&enabled));
+        return enabled ? 1 : 0;
+    } else if (args[0] == "checkpoint" && args[1] == "commitChanges" && args.size() == 2) {
+        checkStatus(vold->commitChanges());
+    } else if (args[0] == "checkpoint" && args[1] == "prepareCheckpoint" && args.size() == 2) {
+        checkStatus(vold->prepareCheckpoint());
+    } else if (args[0] == "checkpoint" && args[1] == "restoreCheckpoint" && args.size() == 3) {
+        checkStatus(vold->restoreCheckpoint(args[2]));
+    } else if (args[0] == "checkpoint" && args[1] == "restoreCheckpointPart" && args.size() == 4) {
+        int count;
+        if (!android::base::ParseInt(args[3], &count)) exit(EINVAL);
+        checkStatus(vold->restoreCheckpointPart(args[2], count));
+    } else if (args[0] == "checkpoint" && args[1] == "markBootAttempt" && args.size() == 2) {
+        checkStatus(vold->markBootAttempt());
+    } else if (args[0] == "checkpoint" && args[1] == "abortChanges" && args.size() == 4) {
+        int retry;
+        if (!android::base::ParseInt(args[2], &retry)) exit(EINVAL);
+        checkStatus(vold->abortChanges(args[2], retry != 0));
     } else {
         LOG(ERROR) << "Raw commands are no longer supported";
         exit(EINVAL);
@@ -112,6 +152,6 @@
     return 0;
 }
 
-static void usage(char *progname) {
+static void usage(char* progname) {
     LOG(INFO) << "Usage: " << progname << " [--wait] <system> <subcommand> [args...]";
 }
diff --git a/vold.rc b/vold.rc
index 7d14453..93d8786 100644
--- a/vold.rc
+++ b/vold.rc
@@ -5,4 +5,4 @@
     ioprio be 2
     writepid /dev/cpuset/foreground/tasks
     shutdown critical
-    group reserved_disk
+    group root reserved_disk
diff --git a/vold_prepare_subdirs.cpp b/vold_prepare_subdirs.cpp
index 1b466e9..1dd5e85 100644
--- a/vold_prepare_subdirs.cpp
+++ b/vold_prepare_subdirs.cpp
@@ -63,7 +63,8 @@
         secontext.reset(tmp_secontext);
     }
     LOG(DEBUG) << "Setting up mode " << std::oct << mode << std::dec << " uid " << uid << " gid "
-               << gid << " context " << secontext.get() << " on path: " << path;
+               << gid << " context " << (secontext ? secontext.get() : "null")
+               << " on path: " << path;
     if (secontext) {
         if (setfscreatecon(secontext.get()) != 0) {
             PLOG(ERROR) << "Unable to read setfscreatecon for: " << path;
@@ -127,16 +128,31 @@
             auto misc_de_path = android::vold::BuildDataMiscDePath(user_id);
             if (!prepare_dir(sehandle, 0700, 0, 0, misc_de_path + "/vold")) return false;
             if (!prepare_dir(sehandle, 0700, 0, 0, misc_de_path + "/storaged")) return false;
+            if (!prepare_dir(sehandle, 0700, 0, 0, misc_de_path + "/rollback")) return false;
 
             auto vendor_de_path = android::vold::BuildDataVendorDePath(user_id);
             if (!prepare_dir(sehandle, 0700, AID_SYSTEM, AID_SYSTEM, vendor_de_path + "/fpdata")) {
                 return false;
             }
+            auto facedata_path = vendor_de_path + "/facedata";
+            if (!prepare_dir(sehandle, 0700, AID_SYSTEM, AID_SYSTEM, facedata_path)) {
+                return false;
+            }
         }
         if (flags & android::os::IVold::STORAGE_FLAG_CE) {
             auto misc_ce_path = android::vold::BuildDataMiscCePath(user_id);
             if (!prepare_dir(sehandle, 0700, 0, 0, misc_ce_path + "/vold")) return false;
             if (!prepare_dir(sehandle, 0700, 0, 0, misc_ce_path + "/storaged")) return false;
+            if (!prepare_dir(sehandle, 0700, 0, 0, misc_ce_path + "/rollback")) return false;
+
+            auto system_ce_path = android::vold::BuildDataSystemCePath(user_id);
+            if (!prepare_dir(sehandle, 0700, AID_SYSTEM, AID_SYSTEM, system_ce_path + "/backup")) {
+                return false;
+            }
+            if (!prepare_dir(sehandle, 0700, AID_SYSTEM, AID_SYSTEM,
+                             system_ce_path + "/backup_stage")) {
+                return false;
+            }
         }
     }
     return true;