Fix clang-tidy performance warnings in update_engine.

* Use const reference type for parameters, local variables,
  and for-loop index variables to avoid unnecessary copy.
* Convert some for-loops to for-rang loops.

Bug: 30407689
Bug: 30413223
Bug: 30413862
Change-Id: I78996b3f799639fc57ced45e110807625be7dcce
Test: build with WITH_TIDY=1
diff --git a/common/subprocess_unittest.cc b/common/subprocess_unittest.cc
index 58d4191..7dbdf98 100644
--- a/common/subprocess_unittest.cc
+++ b/common/subprocess_unittest.cc
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@
 void ExpectedEnvVars(int return_code, const string& output) {
   EXPECT_EQ(0, return_code);
   const std::set<string> allowed_envs = {"LD_LIBRARY_PATH", "PATH"};
-  for (string key_value : brillo::string_utils::Split(output, "\n")) {
+  for (const string& key_value : brillo::string_utils::Split(output, "\n")) {
     auto key_value_pair = brillo::string_utils::SplitAtFirst(
         key_value, "=", true);
     EXPECT_NE(allowed_envs.end(), allowed_envs.find(key_value_pair.first));