diff --git a/drivers/usb/core/hub.c b/drivers/usb/core/hub.c
index d3337d9..33127b8 100644
--- a/drivers/usb/core/hub.c
+++ b/drivers/usb/core/hub.c
@@ -1323,11 +1323,9 @@
 		 * (Includes HNP test device.)
 		 */
 		if (udev->bus->b_hnp_enable || udev->bus->is_b_host) {
-			static int __usb_suspend_device (struct usb_device *,
-						int port1, pm_message_t state);
-			err = __usb_suspend_device(udev,
-					udev->bus->otg_port,
-					PMSG_SUSPEND);
+			static int __usb_suspend_device(struct usb_device *,
+						int port1);
+			err = __usb_suspend_device(udev, udev->bus->otg_port);
 			if (err < 0)
 				dev_dbg(&udev->dev, "HNP fail, %d\n", err);
 		}
@@ -1517,7 +1515,7 @@
 	/* FIXME let caller ask to power down the port:
 	 *  - some devices won't enumerate without a VBUS power cycle
 	 *  - SRP saves power that way
-	 *  - usb_suspend_device(dev, PMSG_SUSPEND)
+	 *  - ... new call, TBD ...
 	 * That's easy if this hub can switch power per-port, and
 	 * khubd reactivates the port later (timer, SRP, etc).
 	 * Powerdown must be optional, because of reset/DFU.
@@ -1599,9 +1597,12 @@
  * Other than re-initializing the hub (plug/unplug, except for root hubs),
  * Linux (2.6) currently has NO mechanisms to initiate that:  no khubd
  * timer, no SRP, no requests through sysfs.
+ *
+ * If CONFIG_USB_SUSPEND isn't enabled, devices only really suspend when
+ * the root hub for their bus goes into global suspend ... so we don't
+ * (falsely) update the device power state to say it suspended.
  */
-static int __usb_suspend_device (struct usb_device *udev, int port1,
-				 pm_message_t state)
+static int __usb_suspend_device (struct usb_device *udev, int port1)
 {
 	int	status;
 
@@ -1648,14 +1649,13 @@
 				udev);
 
 	if (status == 0)
-		udev->dev.power.power_state = state;
+		udev->dev.power.power_state = PMSG_SUSPEND;
 	return status;
 }
 
 /**
  * usb_suspend_device - suspend a usb device
  * @udev: device that's no longer in active use
- * @state: PMSG_SUSPEND to suspend
  * Context: must be able to sleep; device not locked
  *
  * Suspends a USB device that isn't in active use, conserving power.
@@ -1664,13 +1664,16 @@
  * suspend by the host, using usb_resume_device().  It's also routine
  * to disconnect devices while they are suspended.
  *
+ * This only affects the USB hardware for a device; its interfaces
+ * (and, for hubs, child devices) must already have been suspended.
+ *
  * Suspending OTG devices may trigger HNP, if that's been enabled
  * between a pair of dual-role devices.  That will change roles, such
  * as from A-Host to A-Peripheral or from B-Host back to B-Peripheral.
  *
  * Returns 0 on success, else negative errno.
  */
-int usb_suspend_device(struct usb_device *udev, pm_message_t state)
+int usb_suspend_device(struct usb_device *udev)
 {
 	int	port1, status;
 
@@ -1678,12 +1681,15 @@
 	if (port1 < 0)
 		return port1;
 
-	status = __usb_suspend_device(udev, port1, state);
+	status = __usb_suspend_device(udev, port1);
 	usb_unlock_device(udev);
 	return status;
 }
 
 /*
+ * If the USB "suspend" state is in use (rather than "global suspend"),
+ * many devices will be individually taken out of suspend state using
+ * special" resume" signaling.  These routines kick in shortly after
  * hardware resume signaling is finished, either because of selective
  * resume (by host) or remote wakeup (by device) ... now see what changed
  * in the tree that's rooted at this device.
@@ -1986,13 +1992,15 @@
 
 #else	/* !CONFIG_USB_SUSPEND */
 
-int usb_suspend_device(struct usb_device *udev, pm_message_t state)
+int usb_suspend_device(struct usb_device *udev)
 {
+	/* state does NOT lie by saying it's USB_STATE_SUSPENDED! */
 	return 0;
 }
 
 int usb_resume_device(struct usb_device *udev)
 {
+	udev->dev.power_state.event = PM_EVENT_ON;
 	return 0;
 }
 
diff --git a/drivers/usb/core/usb.c b/drivers/usb/core/usb.c
index 6ecfdce..e89dbd4 100644
--- a/drivers/usb/core/usb.c
+++ b/drivers/usb/core/usb.c
@@ -1414,14 +1414,33 @@
 			usb_pipein (pipe) ? DMA_FROM_DEVICE : DMA_TO_DEVICE);
 }
 
+static int verify_suspended(struct device *dev, void *unused)
+{
+	return (dev->power.power_state.event == PM_EVENT_ON) ? -EBUSY : 0;
+}
+
 static int usb_generic_suspend(struct device *dev, pm_message_t message)
 {
 	struct usb_interface	*intf;
 	struct usb_driver	*driver;
 	int			status;
 
-	if (dev->driver == &usb_generic_driver)
-		return usb_suspend_device (to_usb_device(dev), message);
+	/* USB devices enter SUSPEND state through their hubs, but can be
+	 * marked for FREEZE as soon as their children are already idled.
+	 */
+	if (dev->driver == &usb_generic_driver) {
+		if (dev->power.power_state.event == message.event)
+			return 0;
+		/* we need to rule out bogus requests through sysfs */
+		status = device_for_each_child(dev, NULL, verify_suspended);
+		if (status)
+			return status;
+		if (message.event == PM_EVENT_FREEZE) {
+			dev->power.power_state = message;
+			return 0;
+		}
+ 		return usb_suspend_device (to_usb_device(dev));
+	}
 
 	if ((dev->driver == NULL) ||
 	    (dev->driver_data == &usb_generic_driver_data))
diff --git a/drivers/usb/host/ehci-hcd.c b/drivers/usb/host/ehci-hcd.c
index b3eb026..513fccb 100644
--- a/drivers/usb/host/ehci-hcd.c
+++ b/drivers/usb/host/ehci-hcd.c
@@ -759,7 +759,7 @@
 		msleep (100);
 
 #ifdef	CONFIG_USB_SUSPEND
-	(void) usb_suspend_device (hcd->self.root_hub, message);
+	(void) usb_suspend_device (hcd->self.root_hub);
 #else
 	usb_lock_device (hcd->self.root_hub);
 	(void) ehci_hub_suspend (hcd);
diff --git a/drivers/usb/host/isp116x-hcd.c b/drivers/usb/host/isp116x-hcd.c
index 642f350..554d602 100644
--- a/drivers/usb/host/isp116x-hcd.c
+++ b/drivers/usb/host/isp116x-hcd.c
@@ -1781,7 +1781,7 @@
 
 	VDBG("%s: state %x\n", __func__, state);
 
-	ret = usb_suspend_device(hcd->self.root_hub, state);
+	ret = usb_suspend_device(hcd->self.root_hub);
 	if (!ret) {
 		dev->power.power_state = state;
 		INFO("%s suspended\n", hcd_name);
diff --git a/drivers/usb/host/ohci-pci.c b/drivers/usb/host/ohci-pci.c
index eede6be..41e8598 100644
--- a/drivers/usb/host/ohci-pci.c
+++ b/drivers/usb/host/ohci-pci.c
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@
 		msleep (100);
 
 #ifdef	CONFIG_USB_SUSPEND
-	(void) usb_suspend_device (hcd->self.root_hub, message);
+	(void) usb_suspend_device (hcd->self.root_hub);
 #else
 	usb_lock_device (hcd->self.root_hub);
 	(void) ohci_hub_suspend (hcd);
diff --git a/include/linux/usb.h b/include/linux/usb.h
index 04502e1..25ec91d 100644
--- a/include/linux/usb.h
+++ b/include/linux/usb.h
@@ -976,7 +976,7 @@
 	int timeout);
 
 /* selective suspend/resume */
-extern int usb_suspend_device(struct usb_device *dev, pm_message_t message);
+extern int usb_suspend_device(struct usb_device *dev);
 extern int usb_resume_device(struct usb_device *dev);