Clean up verifier interface.

Remove verifier_callbacks and ArtMethod as argument. The verifier can
operate without them.

This allows removing the bogus DexCache::SetResolvedType in ti_redefine.

Also turn runtime throw failures into VerifyError, for cleaner interface
with users of the verifier.

Test: test.py
Bug: 28313047
Change-Id: I9ba1300f198aaf482ed43061465daea789ea732b
8 files changed